8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés

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8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
“The several challenges
      of migration and
                                   8
            education”
      Miquel Andrès Essomba,
             Josep Guardiola,
  Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
                      13/05/2021
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
THE SEVERAL CHALLENGES OF
MIGRATION AND EDUCATION
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

                                    1
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
THE TEAM

◦ ESSOMBA, Miquel
◦ GUARDIOLA, Pep
◦ POZOS, Katia
◦ TARRÉS, Anna
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
EUROPEAN CONTEXT

 SPANISH AND CATALAN CONTEXT

 SCHOOL PATHWAYS OF MIGRANTS

MIGRANTS AND UNIVERSITY

                               3
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
Education and migration
in Europe. The impact of
 political integration and
       globalization.

    Miquel Àngel Essomba

                             4
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
Council
                                       conclusions
                         Green paper   2009
                         2008
            Common
            basic
Directive   principles
1977        2004

                                                     5
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
Council Directive 77/486/EEC of 25 July
1977 on the education of the children of
migrant workers                            instrumental

 ◦ Children’s schooling
 ◦ Free tuition
 ◦ Host country language
   learning
 ◦ Mother tongue learning
 ◦ Teacher training

                                                          6
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
Common Basic Principles for
Immigrant Integration Policy in
the EU (2004)
◦ Basic knowledge of the                         integration

  host society's language,
  history, and institutions is
  indispensable to
  integration; enabling           assimilation

  immigrants to acquire this
  basic knowledge is
  essential to successful
  integration                                                  7
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
Common Basic Principles for
Immigrant Integration Policy in
the EU (2004)                                  Full
                                           citizenship

◦ Efforts in education are
  critical to preparing
  immigrants, and
  particularly their              Labour
                                  market
  descendants, to be more
  successful and more
  active participants in
  society.
                                                         8
8 "The several challenges of migration and education" - Miquel Andrès Essomba, Josep Guardiola, Katia Pozos and Anna Tarrés
◦ Host language and heritage language
                    ◦ Targeted suport
Green Paper -
Migration &         ◦ Mentoring and tutoring
mobility:           ◦ Partnership with parents’ associations
challenges and      ◦ Pres-school education
opportunities for
                    ◦ Second chance educaton
EU education
(2008)              ◦ Adult education
                    ◦ Integration
                    ◦ Intercultural education
                                                               9
Council           ◦ Anti-discrimination strategies
conclusions of    ◦ Permeability of education pathways
26 November       ◦ Quality of provision
2009 on the
                  ◦ Individual suport
education of
children with a   ◦ Curriculum relevance
migrant           ◦ Teachers’ adaptation
background        ◦ Community approach

                                                         10
From 2011
on...

            11
◦ Educational support to newly arrived migrant
                  children
               ◦ Promoting multilingualism among immigrants
A Clear
               ◦ Vocational education and training to counter
Agenda for        social exclusion
Migrant        ◦ School concentration
Education in   ◦ The face of diversity: How to increase the
Europe            representation of people with a migrant
2015              background in education
               ◦ Teacher training and professional capacity
               ◦ Mentoring in education
                                                                12
◦ Refugee education
             ◦ Digitalisation after covid-19
New
             ◦ Roma education
challenges
             ◦ Youth skills
comming...
             ◦ New EU Integration processes
             ◦ Euro-mediterranean borders

                                               13
Immigration policies (Spain/Catalonia)
  University: research and activism
 From multiculturalism to Anti-racism

         Josep Guardiola Salinas

                                         14
Some facts about
  immigration
       Spain

      Catalonia

                   15
Some facts about immigration
        According to the UN, 6,104,203
          immigrants live in Spain,
        which represents 12.9% of the
            Spanish population.

                                     The foreign population resident in
Spain                                Catalonia is 1,260,619 people on 1
                                   January 2020 and represents 16.2% of
                                          the Catalan population.

                                                                   Catalonia
                                                                               16
Immigration
  policies:

              From control
                    to
               integration
                             17
Spain/
  Catalonia

Citizenship and
Migration Plan.
   Catalonia

                  18
From research
               to action!

    Our
expertise on
immigration
Some
Challenges
    for
 Catalonia
Interculturalism
VS Anti-Racism

                   21
School trajectories
         of immigrant teenagers
 Newly arrived migrant students (NAMS) and school
engagement in disadvantaged contexts in Catalonia.
               The role of out school

                  Anna Tarrés

                                                     22
“The most vulnerable immigrants from an
educational point of view are those who
arrive late in age; they cannot speak the language
of the host country; and come from a country
where the education system is of low quality”
 (OECD, 2012)

                                                     23
Which elements come
together to facilitate the
NAMS’s continuation of
studies in economically
vulnerable contexts?

                             24
Organized in 3 focus

        Which                       ◦ Focus on class, gender & migratory status -
   elements come                       intersectional elements.
together to facilitate              ◦ Focus on the interrelationship inside / outside
     the NAMS’s                        classroom - School engagement (Frederiks,
   continuation of                     Blumenfeld & Paris, 2004) and institutional
      studies in                       habitus (Bourdieu; Reay, 1998)
    economically
vulnerable contexts?                ◦ Focus on the treatment of subjectivity - Life
                                       course studies (Clausen, 1998)
 School trajectories of immigrant
    teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB

                                    Concepts: Equity; School engagement & Educability

                                                                                        25
WORK STAGE 3:                                    WORK STAGE 1:
Qualitative                             2017-2019                                   2015-2016
                                      Longitudinal                                  Retrospective
methodology                         interviews (20
                                                           Fieldwork
                                                                                    interviews (10
                                                         and research
                                            NAMS)                                   NAMS)
                                                          techniques

School trajectories of immigrant
teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB

                                                      WORK STAGE 2: 2016-2017
                                                     Ethnography (3 High schools)
                                                                                                     26
Female educational trajectories

                                      Case 1:            Case 2:                 Case 3:
The study of                          Badra, the         Aixa,                   Badia, the
the life’s                            progression        progression as          progression
course.                               despite the        the only                despite the
                                      rejection:         activity                identity crisis:
Contributions
                                                         allowed:
from observed                         "At first it was                            "You're like if
trajectories                          suffocating"       "I just went to         you stay on a
                                                         the Casal*”             bridge"
School trajectories of immigrant
teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB                                  * An extracurricular
                                                         activity that mixes
                                                         educative support and
                                                         leisure.
Female educational trajectories

The study of
the life’s
course.
                                   Case 1:
Contributions
from observed                      Badra

trajectories
School trajectories of immigrant
teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB
Male educational trajectories

                                      Case 4:          Case 5:          Case 6:
The study of                                           Ranjit, the      Moha, the
                                      Abdul, the
the life’s                            progression in   progression to   progression
course.                               labor            overcome         despite the
                                                       unwanted         multiple
Contributions                         socialization:
                                                       occupations:     interruptions:
from observed                         "I wanted to
trajectories                          have my own      ”I study to have "Surviving, you
                                      company from     a good job“      know?"
School trajectories of immigrant
teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB
                                      the beginning"
Male educational trajectories

The study of
the life’s
course.
                                   Case 4:
Contributions
from observed                      Abdul

trajectories
School trajectories of immigrant
teens. Anna Tarrés, UAB
“
 The story and graphic representation of the
 studied trajectories show the contradictions
  and dilemmas that NAMS develop in their
    encounter with the new society and in
relation to the social variables of social class,
gender, cultural origin and migratory status.

                                                    School trajectories of immigrant teens.
                                                                          Anna Tarrés, UAB
“
      Trajectory study shows the
      importance of educational
  organizations, inside and outside
 school environment, as channels of
expectations, guidance, practical and
emotional support, in connection with
    the importance of educational
             engagement.

                                        School trajectories of immigrant teens.
                                                              Anna Tarrés, UAB
“
  So which elements come together to
facilitate NAMS studies in economically
           vulnerable contexts?
       A non-discriminatory environment
 Educational opportunities & Community suport
              ICTs autonomous use

                 Thanks!                        School trajectories of immigrant teens.
                                                                      Anna Tarrés, UAB
University trajectories of immigrant
     university professionals,
       from own experience
             (storytelling)

             Katia Pozos P.
                                       34
WHY DO
PEOPLE
MIGRATE?
           35
Please…
                          WHY?
Go to www.menti.com and
use the code 2639 0699

                                                                                                 36
      Live results: https://www.mentimeter.com/s/0c5a3b7dcd0f4d36acdec1ed2711022a/84448fd200ef
WHY?

                                                                                           37
Live results: https://www.mentimeter.com/s/0c5a3b7dcd0f4d36acdec1ed2711022a/84448fd200ef
WHY?

                                                                                           38
Live results: https://www.mentimeter.com/s/0c5a3b7dcd0f4d36acdec1ed2711022a/84448fd200ef
WHY DID I…?
PUSH FACTORS: Voluntarily…

✓ To pursue a better education
  (Get a PhD degree)
✓ To have a better live quality.
✓ To live in a country with less violence
  and corruption.
✓ To avoid specially gender discrimination
  and sexism in daily life and professional life.
✓ To expand the boundaries of my
  knowledge and experience in order to help
  others through education and research.

                                                                                                       39
            Live results: https://www.mentimeter.com/s/0c5a3b7dcd0f4d36acdec1ed2711022a/84448fd200ef
WHY DID I…?
PULL FACTORS:

✓ Study opportunities in Europe.
✓ A full scholarship that allowed me to
  pay for my studies and live in Spain
✓ A better life in more advanced
  countries (EU).
✓ Immersion and direct contact with
  different teachers, researchers and
  experts in education and social
  pedagogy.
✓ ….

                                                                                                      40
           Live results: https://www.mentimeter.com/s/0c5a3b7dcd0f4d36acdec1ed2711022a/84448fd200ef
The ideal of
   studying and
living in Europe!

                    41
…to
              Barcelona

From Mexico
City

                          42
43
44
45
46
Once in Barcelona…

                     47
But my real dream…

                     48
…was to arrive at the University

                                   49
Having my firsts experiences in teaching,
      research and social action…

                                            50
Research… Reflection…. Action!!!

                                   51
Research… Reflection…. Action!!!

                                   52
And of
course my
   PhD
Thesis!!!!

             53
I have learnt, from my
own experience that…

              https://en.unesco.org/gem-report/report/2019/migration

                                                                       54
My integration process…

   But the integration
process was not heaven
in earth always, even if
    you are a “Highly
  Educated Migrant…”

                           55
My integration process…
 Before                                During                                                   Now
                                                       PHYSICAL &
                                                 EMOTIONAL HEALTH
 MOTIVATION
                                     SEXUAL HARASSMENT
                                                                                                 Nationality:
                                                            LEARNING                             right to vote
                                                                                                 2020…

                                                                  STRENGTH
                                    Long-term residence

                                                                             ATTITUDE
                 CONVICTION
                                    application
Student
                                              RESILIENCE
Visa                                                                                    Marriage: stops
2005                              DOUBTS                                                expulsion, as
                                  FEAR               Expulsion                          family member
                Student                              order 2019                         of EU citizen !!!
                Visa 2010 / Work permit only as researcher

          2005 – 2019: 14 years to achieve legal status / Nationality !!!
                                                                                                                 56
Before closing, some interesting facts…

       https://refugeesmigrants.un.org/infographics   57
Before closing, some interesting facts…

                                          58
Before closing, some interesting facts…

                                          59
THANKS!

          60
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