Annual Assembly of the Leopoldina - 5|2018
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Leopoldina news 5|2018
Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina –
German National Academy of Sciences
Halle (Saale), 4 October 2018
Annual Assembly
of the Leopoldina
ANNUAL ASSEMBLY P. 2 NEW MEMBERS P. 6 SYMPOSIUM P. 8
Leopoldina: Microbiota as protection Artificial intelligence
past and future against pathogens and robotics
In focus: 10 years of the Class III presentation and Exciting exchange with the
German National Academy symposium Académie des Sciences
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 2
Editorial
Dear Members and Friends
of the Leopoldina, Nature – Science – Society
Artificial intel-
ligence (AI) – Annual Assembly in the 10th year as National Academy
this concept
triggers certain
associations:
Positive asso-
ciations with
the potential of
data proces-
sing in a world that only continues
to grow in complexity, and negative
associations, such as the prospect of
intelligent machines developing a sort
of independent existence. Or even
impartial associations, for examp-
le efforts to advance research in this
area. As a scientist, I prefer to view
things impartially. At a conference in
Paris organised by the French Acadé-
mie des Sciences and the Leopoldina
in mid-September, I met researchers Minister President of Saxony-Anhalt Reiner Haseloff, Federal Minister of Education and Research Anja
who are discussing how the specia- Karliczek and President of the Leopoldina Jörg Hacker (left to right) were delighted by the words of
lised fields of AI and robotics can be- welcome and good wishes for the Academy at the opening of the Annual Assembly.
come even more closely intertwined Photo: Leopoldina | David Ausserhofer
and the ways in which researchers in
Europe can work together to realise The 2018 Annual Assembly of the Leo- res for justification of the benefits of in-
this goal (page 10). poldina took place from 21–22 Septem- dividual research projects, emphasising
But I find it just as important to take ber under the motto “Nature – Science the open-endedness of results in basic
concerns about AI seriously. Frust- – Society”. It marked the ten-year an- research.
ration in the face of new technology niversary of the Leopoldina’s appoint- In her welcoming address, German
cannot simply be discounted by say- ment as National Academy by looking Federal Minister of Education and Re-
ing, “People will get used to it”. Peo- back over the great diversity of its work search Anja Karliczek made clear the per-
ple must be involved in the decisions to date and also casting a glance to the tinence of science-based policy advice;
made about how new technologies future. one of the core functions of the Leopoldi-
will shape everyday life in the future. na. In the run-up to a vote on euthanasia
They must be informed and invited In his speech, the President of the Leopol- in the German parliament in 2015, she
into expert discussions. This month, dina, Prof. Dr. Jörg personally was not
the Leopoldina has contributed a dis- Hacker ML (Halle), ANNUAL ASSEMBLY 2019 comfortable relying
cussion on the topic of Work 4.0, ope- emphasised that the on intuition, emoti-
ning up a dialogue about the future traditional basic idea Next year, the Leopoldina is dedicating the onal intelligence and
of our labour market (page 8). The of every academy Annual Assembly to the topic of “Time in individual case re-
statement “Privatheit in Zeiten der – that an interdisci- Nature and Culture”. From 20–21 Septem- ports. “To make such
Digitalisierung” (“Privacy in the age of plinary network of ber, scientists will come together in Halle a major decision,
digitalisation”), due to appear in No- excellent researchers (Saale) to discuss technological develop- you need detailed
vember, focuses on protecting perso- to sustainably pro- ments and societal changes. The spotlight knowledge of how
nal data when using digital services. mote science and the will be on our sense of time and how time people are cared
This topic will continue to be relevant common good – is is understood in mathematics, chemistry, for at the end of
in 2019 because the German Federal more relevant now music, and cosmology as well as in chro- their life – and that
Ministry of Education and Research in the 21st century nobiology and medicine. According to the knowledge has to be
has included AI on its agenda for the than ever before. To American politician, Benjamin Franklin, based on scientific
Science Year. illustrate the deba- “Time ... is the stuff life is made out of.” analysis,” she exp-
I am excited to see what new oppor- tes currently taking lained. She was very
tunities to engage in a dialogue pre- place, he mentioned grateful for the state-
sent themselves. I hope you will join the discussion about trust in science, so- ment on palliative care published by the
in the conversation and that you en- cial disputes surrounding the use of new Leopoldina.
joy reading this exciting issue. technologies such as biomedicine or big Minister President of the federal sta-
data. He also addressed the growing de- te of Saxony-Anhalt Dr. Reiner Haseloff
mand from the public and political sphe- shared a similar experience, praising nu-
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 3
The Annual Assembly always presents the opportunity for discourse: The relationships between nature, society and our understanding of nature took centre
stage at the panel discussion, where individual aspects were called into question (left). The breaks between lectures offered an opportunity for conversation,
here between Beate Schücking, Rector of the Leipzig University and Martin Lohse, Vice President of the Leopoldina.
Photos: Leopoldina | Markus Scholz and David Ausserhofer
merous committees and working groups ML (Berlin) and Prof. Dr. Brigitte Vollmar
at the Leopoldina for their independent ML (Rostock).
policy advice, for example on the energy The Lectures by Prof. Dr. Uta Frith
transition and stating, “It was important (London, UK) and Prof. Dr. Wolfgang U.
to de-ideologise these topics.” Eckart ML (Heidelberg) addressed the
Prof. Dr. Dieter Spath, President of role of academies in the area of tension
acatech – National Academy of Science between the nation state and pluralism. In
and Engineering, praised the cooperati- her lecture, Prof. Dr. Ursula M. Staudinger
on between academies, saying they bring ML (New York) outlined the opportunities
about unity across the diverse range of that the increase in life expectancy which
disciplines and methods and work to- have been recorded over the last 100 ye-
gether in the areas where cumulative com- ars could hold for society and individuals.
petence is necessary. To exemplify this co- Prof. Dr. Frank Rösler ML (Hamburg)
operation, he pointed to the construction The Leopoldina publications attracted keen spoke on the significance of socialisation
of energy systems of the future, and the interest. Photo: Leopoldina | Markus Scholz in early childhood.
transformation due to digitalisation. The conference emphasised the im-
The expert lectures held during the portance of research findings for society,
Transparancy and acceptance
two-day Annual Assembly showcased the particularly in the field of medicine. Prof.
Prof. Dr. Hanns Hatt ML, President Leopoldina’s scientific talent, discussing Dr. Katja Becker ML (Gießen) described
of the Union of the German Academies of topics including science-based consulting the rapid spread of antimicrobial resis-
Sciences and Humanities, emphasised the as a method for sharing research with so- tance and shone a light on the measures
need for greater transparency. He stressed ciety, the contribution of the sciences to that need to be taken not only by politics
that society is entitled to have a share in sustainable development, and digitalisa- and science, but also by society and indus-
science. At the same time, science is obli- tion. try in order to prevent the risk to humani-
ged to relay information and reach out to In the panel discussion moderated by ty from growing.
the public. Prof. Dr. Reimund Neugebau- the Vice President of the Leopoldina, Prof.
Research in the kaleidoscope
er ML, the 2018 spokesperson for the Al- Dr. Gunnar Berg ML (Halle), it became
liance of Science Organisations, called for clear how difficult it can be for science to Taking refugees as an example, the
increased transparency, acceptance, com- gain acceptance in society, as illustrated stress researcher Prof. Dr. Christine Heim
munication and benefits of research. He by animal testing and the consequences of (Berlin) demonstrated that the trauma-
continued to say that if potential misun- conventional agriculture. Prof. Dr. Gerald tic experiences suffered as a result of war
derstandings are likely to cause a division Haug ML (Mainz), Prof. Dr. Frank Rösler and forced displacement can increase the
in society, we cannot depend entirely on ML (Hamburg), and Prof. Dr. Ernst-Lud- long-term risk of illness, particularly in the
politics; science also has to play an active wig Winnacker ML (Munich) were on the case of children, adolescents and pregnant
role. panel alongside Prof. Dr. Bärbel Friedrich women. Prof. Dr. Lukas Radbruch (Bonn)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 4
provided an insight into the current status
of palliative care and the research in this
field. Against the backdrop of the United
Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals
(SDG), Prof. Dr. Peter Fritz ML (Leipzig)
stressed the need for greater cooperation
with African partners in the area of water
management. In her talk on food security
and agriculture, Prof. Dr. Regina Birner
(Stuttgart) made the case for more direct
methods for sharing scientific informati-
on with the public, for example through
talks and discussion events or via soci-
al media. Furthermore, she argued that
more should be done to support empirical
research on political processes in the agri-
culture and food system.
The great importance of sustainabili- Volker ter Meulen, who was President of the Leopoldina from 2003 till 2010 and Annette Schavan,
ty was also made apparent in the field of German Federal Minister of Education and Research between 2005 and 2013, were among the guests.
energy supply. The lectures given by Prof. Photo: Leopoldina | Markus Scholz
Dr. Bärbel Friedrich ML (Berlin), Dr. To-
bias Erb (Marburg) and Prof. Dr. Matthias (Munich) spoke on the rapid development
Beller ML (Rostock) highlighted the fact of machine intelligence. He hopes that in
that a sustainable energy supply is possib- 50 years, robotics will be considered to be
le, and that the widest range of technolo- at least as significant as the internet.
gies – for instance synthetic biology – can The presentation by Prof. Dr. Thomas
play a crucial role in this. Lengauer ML (Saarbrücken) on big data
In the field of digitalisation and mo- brought with it a contemplative atmos-
dern technology, Prof. Dr. Christine Sil- phere, discussing the limits of data ana-
berhorn ML (Paderborn) drew attention lysis in determining causalities. He an-
to the potential benefits which could nounced that the Leopoldina will publish The Annual Assembly marked ten years since the
emerge from the broad field of quantum a statement on the topics of big data, data Leopoldina was appointed National Academy.
technologies. Prof. Dr. Sami Haddadin protection and privacy in November. (bh) Photo: Leopoldina | Marcus Scholz
ANTJE BOETIUS SPEAKS ON "ALIEN NATURE" IN THE EVENING LECTURE
“We have really lost touch with nature.” This dered. As the Director of the Alfred Wegener
was the statement with which Prof. Dr. Ant- Institute at the Helmholtz Centre for Polar
je Boetius ML opened her evening lecture. and Marine Research in Bremerhaven, she is
The “fantastic audience” in Halle was reason set to depart on another expedition soon –
enough for her to stop off at the Leopoldina and to once again face the tension between
Annual Assembly on her journey from a con- “eyewitness accounts and hard data”. And
ference in Finland to the United Nations in to be confronted again with the question of
New York. And when it comes down to her whether we humans want to interpret the
very own field, oceans and cryospheres, she receding ice as an acquisition of resources or
considers it just as important to speak to this the loss of nature.
audience as it is to offer policy advice. With She aims to raise awareness, disseminate
her expert knowledge and clear communica- information, debate and offer advice on this
tion style, she made the case for preserving question, which is just as much a personal
and protecting these largely unknown ex- mission as it is part of her research. This has
panses of water and ice. earned her two awards in 2018: the Commu-
Since finishing her Diplom thesis, the nicator Award and the German Environmental
microbiologist has been on almost 50 expe- Prize. But at the end of the day, it all comes
ditions. She recalled how the Polarstern ship down to the relationship between humans
had to break through around four metres of Marine researcher Antje Boetius spoke on oce- and nature and raises the question: “How
pack ice in 1993, and how the research ship ans and the ways they are used by humans. much are humans and nature worth to each
can now pass through the arctic waters unhin- Photo: Leopoldina | David Ausserhofer other?” (dw)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 5
Early Career
Award presented
Global urbanisation is one of the most
important trends in global change. The
research conducted by this year’s winner
of the Early Career Award granted by the
German National Academy of Sciences Le-
opoldina demonstrates the sophisticated
methods now available for investigating
and analysing these changes. The Munich-
based scientist Prof. Dr. Xiaoxiang Zhu
was awarded the 30,000-euro prize spon-
sored by the Commerzbank Foundation as
part of the Annual Assembly.
Xiaoxiang Zhu, born in 1984, has
been Professor in the Department of Ci- Xiaoxiang Zhu’s family travelled to the Leopoldina in Halle for the event to see her receive the Early
vil, Geo and Environmental Engineering Career Award. Photo: Leopoldina | David Ausserhofer
at the Technical University of Munich
(TUM) since 2015. The appointment is cesses and data analysis algorithms which she has become a pioneer of deep learning
shared with the German Aerospace Centre combine the satellite data with informa- for earth observation.
(DLR), where she heads the Department tion derived from social networks. To be The Early Career Award has been
for Data Science in the Earth Observation able to analyse the massive amounts of awarded every two years since 2010. It
Centre. Her research uses satellite-based data collected from such diverse sources, honours scientists who have made out-
earth observations to map cities and the Xiaoxiang Zhu uses machine learning standing achievements in any of the fields
changes taking place there. For that pur- with deep neural networks for recognising represented at that year’s Leopoldina An-
pose, Zhu has developed new radar pro- and assessing images. Through this work, nual Assembly. (jk)
How pigeons and humans think: Senate session on
Fireside chat with Onur Güntürkün current activities
Running parallel to the takes a great deal of pati- In the run-up to the Annual Assembly, the
the Annual Assembly, ence and seeds to persua- Leopoldina Senate convened according to
the Leopoldina and the de a pigeon to cooperate, schedule on 20 September for its annual
Literaturhaus Halle pre- Güntürkün quickly won meeting in Halle (Saale). The Chairing
sented the third “Science the audience over and Committee of the Academy informed the
by the fireside” event. piqued their interest in senators and guests in detail about cur-
This year’s guest was the neurobiological research rent developments in the Academy and
neurobiologist Prof. Dr. using words alone. important topics in the areas of political
Onur Güntürkün ML (Bo- Using a wide range and social policy advice, international ac-
chum). Facing the well- of examples, he highligh- tivities and press and public relations.
filled rows of people in the ted the functional simi- In addition to ratifying the Chairing
Literaturhaus’ large audi- larities in the cognitive Committee for the 2017 financial year, the
torium, he chatted with abilities of pigeons and Senate decided on the topic for the 2020
Ralf Meyer about his life, humans which emerge Annual Assembly. “Biodiversity in Central
his research and the ma- in nature in spite of en- Europe – what does the future hold?” was
jor questions on animal The neurobiologist Onur Güntürkün. tirely different structural chosen as the working title. The suggesti-
and human thought. Photo: Leopoldina | Markus Scholz solutions. To close, when on came from Prof. Dr. Ulf-Ingo Flügge
The dialogue between asked about his view of ML (Cologne), Prof. Dr. Susanne Renner
the guests on stage loosened up every German-Turkish relations, Güntürkün ML (Munich) and Prof. Dr. Miguel Vences
now and again to explore, for example, spoke of the long tradition and signifi- ML (Braunschweig) from the Organismic
evolutionary sense and the functional ne- cance of scientific exchange between the and Evolutionary Biology Section. The
cessity of the two cerebral hemispheres, two countries, even in times of political programme commission will soon start
and Onur Güntürkün’s personal interest difficulty. on the concrete preparations and ground-
in pigeons in scientific progress. While it (ew) work. (jb)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 6
The intestines as part of the immune system
Class III symposium presents the latest developments in clinical medicine
With a surface the size of a tennis court,
the intestines make up the largest organ
in the human body. At the opening of
The new members of Class III
the Leopoldina symposium on Class III
medicine, held 11–12 July in Halle (Saa-
le), Germany, Prof. Dr. Britta
Siegmund ML gave a public evening
lecture on how the intestines protect
against diseases.
The doctor from the Charité – Uni-
versity Medicine Berlin described how
a myriad of organisms such as bacteria,
viruses and fungi, make up the complex
ecosystem known as the intestinal micro-
biota. How it is developed and what it is
composed of is determined by factors such
as nutrition, genetic composition, the en-
vironment in the womb, time of birth, the
birth canal and antibiotics. The intestinal
wall regulates which and how many of On 11 July, the new members of Class III received their membership certificates. From left:
these organisms are sent to other areas of Prof. Dr. Britta Siegmund ML (Berlin), Prof. Dr. Dietmar Schmitz ML (Berlin), Leopoldina Sec-
the body. The microbiota is also necessary retary-General Prof. Dr. Jutta Schnitzer-Ungefug (Halle), Prof. Dr. Séverine Vermeire ML (Leu-
for the functionality of the intestinal mu- ven/Belgium), Prof. Dr. Andreas von Deimling ML (Heidelberg), Prof. Dr. Stefanie Ritz-Timme
cosal barrier. ML (Düsseldorf), Prof. Dr. Bernd Pichler ML (Tübingen), Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Janni ML (Ulm),
In Germany, approximately 400,000 Prof. Dr. Andrej Kral ML (Hannover), Prof. Dr. Stefanie Dimmeler ML (Frankfurt/Main), Prof.
people suffer from a chronic inflamm- Dr. Katharina Domschke ML (Freiburg), President of the Leopoldina Prof. Dr. Jörg Hacker ML
atory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or (Halle) und Prof. Dr. Jochen Reiser ML (Chicago/USA). Photo: Leopoldina | Markus Scholz
ulcerative colitis). This describes a disor-
der in the regulating barrier which allows
harmful pathogens to diffuse more easily sented their work at the symposium: Prof. go) talked about the suPAR molecule, a
through the intestinal wall and cause di- Dr. Claus Cursiefen ML (Cologne) spoke promising predictor in chronic kidney
seases which are currently incurable. The about keratoplasties in cases of severe ke- disease. Prof. Dr. Andrej Kral ML (Han-
research therefore concentrates on the re- ratitis, which permanently impairs vision. nover) posed the question of whether
generation of the particularly permeable Prof. Dr. Stefanie Dimmeler ML (Frank- children born deaf can learn to hear after
layer of the intestinal wall with the goal furt am Main) presented microRNAs and birth. Finally, Prof. Dr. Stefanie Ritz-Tim-
of affording the typically young patients a non-coding RNAs as new approaches to me ML (Düsseldorf) spoke on different
way to better cope with the disorder. the treatment of cardiovascular disea- “molecular clocks” used to estimate age.
Other new Class III members also pre- ses. Prof. Dr. Jochen Reiser ML (Chica- (kh)
Leopoldina fellows at the 18th GAIN conference in Boston
Taking place in a new host city each year, Back then, feedback from the GAIN con- home. Even in light of globally available
the conference organised by the German ferences helped achieve the aim of com- data and information, direct contact re-
Academic International Network (GAIN) batting the increasing brain drain, thus mains an important element of informa-
returned to the East Coast of the USA and establishing the conference as a platform tion exchange and cannot always be repla-
was held in Boston. Over 600 participants for the next generation in science since its ced by virtual encounters.
gathered there from 7–9 September, in- founding event. Workshops dedicated to the future
cluding seven Leopoldina fellows who are The target group is primarily German careers of young scientists as well as the
currently conducting research in the USA. postdocs in the USA and Canada. Due to Talent Fair – which included a Leopoldina
The GAIN initiative was founded 18 their distance from Germany, it is difficult Fellowship Programme information stand
years ago and is now “grown up”, as Presi- for them to gain an extensive and up-to- – served as points of contact for anima-
dent of the German Research Foundation date insight into potential career paths ted discussions about research and life in
Prof. Dr. Peter Strohschneider ML put it. and opportunities for when they return North America. (ac)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 7
Strengthening relations with Southeast Europe
A Leopoldina delegation led by its pre- and researchers from the ERC-funded
sident visited the Republic of Serbia BIRTH project – the first ERC project
from 17–19 July. The visit came about in Serbia – led by Dr. Sofija Stefanović,
as part of the Leopoldina’s involvement as well as other researchers from the
in the Berlin Process/Western Balkans BioSense Institute, the largest project
Process and the many discussions with in Southeast Europe funded by Hori-
scientists and politicians took place in a zon 2020. When the delegation visited
constructive and friendly atmosphere. the Science Technology Park Belgrade
At the meeting with the Presidi- and the Institute “Mihajlo Pupin” –
um of the Serbian Academy of Sci- one of the largest facilities for applied
ences and Arts, the focus was on the research in the region – Serbia’s dyna-
strengthening of bilateral relations and mic innovation and digital branch took
the Berlin Process, the application for centre stage.
membership in the European Union. At the end of the tour, the delegati-
Prof. Dr. Jörg Hacker ML held the ce- on met the Serbian president Aleksan-
remonial address on current formats of dar Vučić. Mladen Šarčević, Minister
international policy advice und science of Education, Science and Technolo-
diplomacy. gical Development, and other senior
The delegation also visited Novi At the University of Novi Sad, Rector Prof. Dr. Dušan government officials also took part.
Sad, the capital of the Serbian Pro- Nikolić tells President of the Leopoldina Jörg Hacker The German embassy in Belgrade sup-
vince of Vojvodina, where they met about the campus’s architectural development. ported the organisation of the visit.
with the university’s administration Photo: University Novi Sad (lb)
African Cities conference: Local solutions and partnerships
Around 1,000 people from 14 countries Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusam- for instance by means of partnerships
met in Accra, Ghana, from 3–6 July to menarbeit (German Corporation for In- between cities or cross-branch partner-
discuss the framing of African cities. Hos- ternational Cooperation, GIZ) concluded ships. It is ultimately inevitable that a city
ted by the Ghana Academy of Arts and that the colonial understanding of a city government is oriented to criteria such as
Sciences (GAAS), the conference explo- must be reassessed and modified with res- transparency, accountability and the par-
red topics such as housing construction, pect to both land tenure and planning ac- ticipation of relevant groups.
urban ecosystems, spatial planning, food tivities. Additionally, they recommended The conference was hosted by the
security, health, disaster precautions and an institutionalised exchange between GAAS in conjunction with the Leopoldina,
climate change. science, economy, and local and national the Network of African Science Academies
In a joint communiqué, representati- policy. Likewise, representatives from and the Academy of Science of South Afri-
ves from the scientific and political sec- African cities such as mayors and other ca. Funding was provided by the German
tors as well as from organisations such as political and technical actors would have Federal Ministry of Education and Re-
UNESCO, UN-Habitat and the Deutsche to engage with each other in discussion, search. (ag)
Academies of science for the G20 summit in Argentina
On 25 July at the Science20 Dialogue Fo- Leopoldina and the other G20 academies da and recommend expanding internatio-
rum in Rosario, Argentina, the academies under the leadership of the Argentine Na- nal scientific coordination.
of science of the G20 states presented the tional Academy of Sciences. It indicates The governmental leaders of the
Argentine Minister of Science, Technology strategies and instruments for the susta- 20 most important industrialised and
and Innovative Production, Lino Barañao, inable use of soil. In addition to discus- newly-industrialised countries will con-
with their recommendations for the sum- sing effective soil conservation to prevent vene at the summit in Buenos Aires from
mit in Buenos Aires. The Leopoldina was damage due to erosion or contamination, 30 November to 1 December. The Sci-
represented by Vice President Prof. Dr. for example, the statement also explores ence20 dialogue process was established
Ulla Bonas ML. a systematic broadening of the knowledge in 2017 to better integrate science into the
The statement with recommendations base for sustainable soil management. G20 process. (chw)
for worldwide food security and sustaina- Furthermore, the G20 academies describe
ble land management was compiled by the central elements of a future research agen- G20 STATEMENT
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 8
In-depth discussion about President of the Indi-
artificial intelligence and robotics an Academy holds a
lecture in Berlin
Académie des Sciences and Leopoldina symposium
On 18 September, Prof. Dr. Ajay Kumar
Sood, President of the Indian National
Science Academy (INSA), held a lecture
at the Indian embassy in Berlin under the
title “Nature inspired physics: Why do we
flock together?” The event was opened by
the Indian embassy’s Deputy Chief of Mis-
sion, Paramita Tripathi, and President of
the Leopoldina, Prof. Dr. Jörg Hacker ML.
Nearly one hundred guests attended the
public evening lecture dedicated to basic
research.
The Indian physicist and researcher
Experts from France and Germany came together at the symposium “Robotics AI: Data Science versus spoke concretely about how he inves-
Motion Intelligence”, held at the Académie des Sciences in Paris. Photo: Académie des Sciences tigates the phenomena of flocking and
flocking behaviour from a theoretical-
In Germany, the topic of artificial intelli- des Sciences and the Leopoldina met in physical stance in order to understand the
gence (AI) is currently being intensively Paris at the beginning of September for underlying principles. At the reception
discussed scientifically, politically and the symposium “Robotics AI: Data Science
socially. The Federal Government aims to versus Motion Intelligence”, which was
present a national AI strategy towards the opened by both presidents and brought
end of 2018. In France, an analogous pa- together high-calibre speakers including
per was already submitted in March. The Prof. Dr. Tamim Asfour and Prof. Dr. Ale-
governments of both countries are promo- xander Waibel ML (both from Karlsruhe)
ting increased collaboration. as well as Prof. Dr. Jean-Paul Laumond
A data-driven understanding of AI is (Académie des Sciences, Toulouse).
often at the fore, which provides a basis Prof. Dr. Sigmar Wittig ML (Karlsru-
for picture and speech recognition, for he) contributed significantly to the follow-
example. However, the area of robotics, up discussion with government represen-
an area in which both countries are well tatives. It became clear from this exchange
positioned, was only mentioned as a side that AI and robotics will continue to be a
note. major area of the collaboration between
Against this backdrop, the Académie the academies in the future. (rn)
SAPEA submits a report on the authorisation
of pesticides in the European Union
In June, the project consortium Sci- consequence, the report includes a list of Indian physicist Ajay Kumar Sood holding the
ence Advice for Policy by European Aca- 26 suggestions of possible actions to be Leopoldina-INSA lecture in September.
demies (SAPEA) published their third taken for a more effective, efficient and Photo: Svea Pietschmann
evidence review report, entitled “Impro- transparent authorisation system, with
ving authorisation processes for plant the primary focus on the protection of hu- following the lecture, many guests took
protection products in Europe: a scientific man health. advantage of the opportunity to speak to
perspective on the assessment of potential The report lays the foundation for Ajay Kumar Sood in person and discuss
risks to human health”. a statement by the Group of Chief Sci- the topic with him in greater depth.
The report expounds how the scien- entific Advisors from the European The presentation is a part of the Leo-
tific footing for the authorisation process Commission’s “Scientific Advice Mecha- poldina-INSA Lectures series started in
for pesticides could be modernised at EU nism” on “EU authorisation processes of 2016, in which renowned members from
level. This particularly concerns the im- Plant Protection Products”. (nh) both academies present their subject area
provement of data as well as the methods to a curious audience in each other’s coun-
and organisation of risk assessment. As a REPORT PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS tries. (rn)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 9
Young Academy’s gala event Healthy aging in
focus at the Global
lit up by “flashes of genius” Young Academy
Looking for candidates to be co-opted in 2019
In the recently published statement
“Creating a world friendly to all ages”,
members of the Global Young Academy
(GYA) address the topic of healthy aging.
The document was drafted in May at the
GYA’s 8th Annual General Meeting and
International Conference, which took
place in Thailand. GYA members colla-
borated with regional and international
scientists to grapple with the prospects
and challenges of aging in the context of
economic and population trends around
the world.
At its heart, the GYA stresses the need
to redefine the multifaceted social chal-
lenges associated with aging as well as
to recognise and promote connections
between global and local developments.
The statement lists four concrete recom-
mendations which apply to an internatio-
nal and interdisciplinary perspective. The
first recommendation aims to view aging
The new members of the Young Academy (from left to right): Lukas Haffert, Astrid Eichhorn, Michael populations as a growing global resource
Saliba, Erik Schilling and Martin-Immanuel Bittner (back row); and Timo Rademacher, Valerie Domcke, with the goal of striving for communities
Jan Haaker, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor and Isabelle Staude (front row). Foto: Die Junge Akademie/Peter Himsel in which elders are respected and their
knowledge, skills, resources and contribu-
Ten outstanding young scientists began tes. Short musical narratives from artist tions are sought after and valued. The se-
their five-year membership in the Young Masha Qrella alternated between show- cond recommendation points to a strong
Academy on 1 July. As part of the gala ing stories of the past and projections of local-global link.
event the day before, the current mem- future projects conducted by the Young Global insights can be gained from
bers prepared a celebratory welcome for Academy. traditional local values, practices, tech-
them, while ten existing members transi- Psychologist and neuroscientistPhi- nologies and interventions. Third, they
tioned to the status of alumnae and alum- lipp Kanske, ancient historian Christoph stress that knowledge should be gained
ni. The newly elected Lundgreen, philoso- both within the individual disciplines,
members specialise APPLICATION FOR CO-OPTION pher Kristina Mus- theories and methods, and also in an in-
in physics, law, me- holt, mathematician terdisciplinary setting and in dialogue
dicine, literature and In the coming year, the Young Academy Jonas Peters and at- between industry and the arts. And fourth,
political science. will elect ten new members. Excellent and mospheric physicist the statement indicates that a truly global
Following the dedicated young scientists and artists in- Bernadett Weinzierl perspective requires expanding the space
gala’s theme of “fla- terested in interdisciplinary work at the make up the new for discussion, particularly between the
shes of genius”, the interface between science, art, society and Presidium, which Global North and the Global South.
leaving members politics are welcome to apply before 30 No- also took up office On the topic of health, the GYA wor-
recorded short au- vember. Applicants must be able to produ- on 1 July. Christoph king group “Global Health” will be repre-
dio clips looking ce an outstanding doctorate or piece of art Lundgreen was elec- senting its continued efforts at the World
back on their time for qualification and should have a sound ted spokesperson. In Health Summit in Berlin from 14–16 Oc-
in the Young Acade- basis in the German language. New mem- his words, the annu- tober. (kg)
my, while the new bers are selected for a period of five years. al transition as ten
STATEMENT ON HEALTHY AGING
members introdu- JUNGE AKADEMIE ELECTION 2019 new members are
ced themselves and co-opted and ten for-
their scientific back- mer members depart
grounds in varying formats. follows the maxim from the Italian author
The associative, creative and enligh- Tomasi di Lampedusa’s novel “The Leo-
tening contributions found ways to make pard”: “If we want things to stay as they
the most of the allotted time of two minu- are, things will have to change.” (ar)
05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 10
People
The Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences Stanislav N. Gorb ML, Professor of pology in Leipzig is being honoured with
(SAMS) has selected nine people to be- Functional Morphology and Biomecha- the Körber European Science Prize for
come honorary and individual members nics at the Zoological Institute of the his pioneering achievement in paleogene-
in recognition of their scientific achie- Christian-Albrechts-Universität in Kiel, tics. He has developed novel methods for
vements. Max Gassmann ML is the is being distinguished with the 2018 Karl determining genetic makeup sequences
Director of the Institute of Veterinary Ritter von Frisch medal. In awarding him from “ancient DNA”.
Physiology at the University of Zurich’s the medal, the Deutsche Zoologische Ge-
Vetsuisse-Faculty and was made one of sellschaft (the German Zoological Society, Svante Pääbo ML, molecular biologist,
the individual members. Beat Stein- DZG) honours his equally original and paleogeneticist and Director of the Max
mann ML, Professor at the University interdisciplinary methods which bring to- Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthro-
of Zurich, was appointed as an honorary gether the research fields of morphology, pology in Leipzig is being honoured with
member. biomechanics and bionics. the Körber European Science Prize for
his pioneering achievement in paleogene-
Three members of the Leopoldina have Andreas Graner ML, Director of the tics. He has developed novel methods for
been awarded the 2018 Balzan Prize for Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and determining genetic makeup sequences
their scholarly direction. Eva Kondoro- Crop Plant Research (IPK), has been se- from “ancient DNA”.
si ML, Research professor at the Institute lected to become a member of the Indian
of Biochemistry of the Hungarian Acade- National Academy of Agricultural Scien- Helmut Schwarz ML, Professor of Or-
my of Sciences in Budapest and Research ces. He is being honoured for his scholarly ganic Chemistry at the Technische Uni-
Director at the Plant Science Institute of direction and his particular dedication to versität Berlin, has been made a Foreign
CNRS in Paris, received the Balzan Prize promoting agricultural and biological sci- Associate Member of the American Natio-
for Chemical Ecology for her molecular ences in India. nal Academy of Sciences. He was selected
biological research on the symbiosis bet- for his merits in original research, having
ween legume plants and nitrogen-fixing Tasuku Honjo ML was awarded with been significantly involved in the advan-
bacteria. Detlef Lohse ML of the Uni- this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or cement of mass spectrometry.
versity of Twente in the Netherlands was Medicine together with James P. Allison.
awarded the Balzan Prize for Fluid Dy- The scientists are honored for their work Hans-Peter Steinrück ML, Profes-
namics for his investigation of turbulent on an immune therapy against cancer, sor of Physical Chemistry in the Depart-
flow, sonoluminescence and the proper- called "Immune Checkpoint Therapy". ment of Chemistry and Pharmacy at the
ties of microscopic bubbles and drops. Tasuku Hunjo is physician and immuno- Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-
Jürgen Osterhammel ML, Professor logist at Kyoto University (Japan). Nürnberg, has been elected into the Eu-
at the University of Konstanz, was presen- ropean Academy of Sciences. An expert
ted the Balzan Prize for Global History for Hans-Dieter Klenk ML, former Di- in the chemical-physical area of surface
his contributions to the definition of glo- rector of the Medizinisches Zentrum für science, he focuses on the development of
bal history as its own discipline as well as Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie new materials with innovative electronic,
for his methods which combine empirical (Medical Centre for Hygiene and Medical geometric and chemical properties.
and comparative research approaches. Microbiology) at the Universität Marburg
clinic, received the 1st Class Order of Me- Volker ter Meulen ML, President of
Antje Boetius ML, marine and micro- rit of the Federal Republic of Germany. the Leopoldina from 2003–2010, was
biologist and Director of the The virologist is being honoured for his made an Honorary Senator at the Univer-
Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven research on the pathogenesis of viral in- sity of Würzburg, and also named an Ho-
received the 2018 German Environmental fections norary Doctor of the Charité – University
Prize from the German Federal Environ- Medicine Berlin.
mental Foundation for her work in deep Klaus Krickeberg ML, Professor Eme-
sea and ecosystem research, a crucial ritus at the Paris Descartes University, has New Class II members
contribution to understanding the impor- been offered the Vietnamese Friendship
tance of the world’s oceans. The prize is Order for his significant contributions to Carmen Birchmeier ML, Berlin, Max
being shared equally between Boetius and the development of the public healthcare Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine
an interdisciplinary team of experts from system in this Southeast Asian country. (Human Genetics and Molecular Medici-
the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ne Section)
Research in Leipzig, which is campaig- Svante Pääbo ML, molecular biologist,
ning for the protection of water resources paleogeneticist and Director of the Max Roland Eils ML, Berlin, Berlin Institute
in Jordan. Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthro- of Health (BIH) and Charité, BIH Digital05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 11
Health Centre (Human Genetics and Mo- Holger Stark ML, Göttingen, Max University Department of Anaesthesiolo-
lecular Medicine Section) Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry gy and Intensive Care Medicine (Surgery,
Jan Ellenberg ML, Heidelberg, Euro- (Biochemistry and Biophysics Section) Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology Sec-
pean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Miguel Vences ML, Braunschweig, tion)
Biology and Biophysics Unit (Genetics/ Technische Universität Braunschweig, Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt ML,
Molecular Biology and Cell Biology Sec- Zoological Institute (Organismic and Evo- Erlangen, Universitätsklinikum Erlan-
tion) lutionary Biology Section) gen, Ophthalmology Clinic with Polyclinic
(Ophthalmology, Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Heinz Feldmann ML, Hamilton, USA, New Class III members and Stomatology Section)
Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National
Institutes of Health, National Institute of Christiane J. Bruns ML, Cologne, Uni- Deceased members
Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Micro- versity Hospital Cologne, Department of
biology and Immunology Section) General and Visceral Surgery and Surgi- Felix Largiadèr ML
cal Oncology (Surgery, Orthopaedics and 18 December 1930 – 4 July 2018 |
Garret A. FitzGerald ML, Philadel- Anaesthesiology Section) Erlenbach, Switzerland
phia, USA, University of Pennsylvania, Surgery, Orthopaedics, Anaesthe-
Perelman School of Medicine, Institute Thomas Deller ML, Frankfurt/Main, siology
for Translational Medicine and Therapeu- Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Institute for Felix Largiadèr served as Professor of
tics (Physiology and Pharmacology/Toxi- Clinical Neuroanatomy (Anatomy and Surgery in the Faculty of Medicine at the
cology Section) Anthropology Section) University of Zurich from 1985–1998. As
head of the then newly established De-
Wolf-Dietrich Hardt ML, Zurich, Swit- Simone Fulda ML, Frankfurt/Main, In- partment of Surgery and Director of the
zerland, Swiss Federal Institute of Tech- stitute for Experimental Cancer Research Clinic for Visceral Surgery at the Univer-
nology Zürich, Institute of Microbiology in Paediatrics, Clinic for Paediatric and sity Hospital, he made a major contributi-
(Microbiology and Immunology Section) Adolescent Medicine (Gynaecology and on to the further development of surgery.
Paediatrics Section) He integrated the results of his research
Manajit Hayer-Hartl ML, Martinsried, in transplantation medicine into his eve-
Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, De- Thomas Gasser ML, Tübingen, Uni- ryday clinical practice and performed the
partment of Cellular Biochemistry (Bio- versity Hospital Tübingen, Department of first human pancreas transplant in Eu-
chemistry and Biophysics Section) Neurology, Centre for Neurology (Neuros- rope in 1973. Largiadèr was an honorary
ciences Section) member of the German, the Austrian and
Claudia Köhler ML, Uppsala, Sweden, the Swiss Societies of Surgery. Felix Largi-
Swedish University of Agricultural Scien- Anca-Ligia Grosu ML, Freiburg, Uni- adèr was elected a member of the Leopol-
ces, Uppsala Biocentre (Organismic and versity Medical Centre Freiburg, Depart- dina in 1988.
Evolutionary Biology Section) ment of Radiation Oncology (Radiology
Section) Günther Schilling ML
Johannes Lehmann ML, Ithaca, USA, 16 August 1930 – 8 August 2018
Cornell University, School of Integrative Susanne Hartmann ML, Berlin, Freie Agricultural and Nutritional Scien-
Plant Science, Section of Soil and Crop Universität Berlin, Centre for Infection ces
Sciences (Agricultural and Nutritional Medicine, Institute of Immunology (Vete- Günther Schilling was Professor of Phy-
Sciences Section) rinary Medicine Section) siology and Nutrition of Crops at the Mar-
tin Luther University in Halle-Wittenberg
Matin Qaim ML, Göttingen, Georg Au- Frank Heppner ML, Berlin, Charité – (MLU) from 1970 until his retirement in
gust University of Göttingen, Department University Medicine Berlin, Department 1995. He was elected Rector of the MLU
of Agricultural Economics and Rural De- of Neuropathology (Pathology and Foren- in May 1990 in the first open election in
velopment (Agricultural and Nutritional sic Medicine Section) 40 years, and held the position until 1993.
Sciences Section) During his time in office, he led the uni-
Georg F. Hoffmann ML, Heidelberg, versity through the democratic reformati-
Peter Rehling ML, Göttingen, Göttin- Heidelberg University Hospital, Centre on process with great personal dedication.
gen University Medical Centre, Institute for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine It is predominantly to Günther Schilling’s
for Cellular Biochemistry (Biochemistry (Gynaecology and Paediatrics Section) credit that the MLU was one of the first
and Biophysics Section) East German universities to become a
Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis ML, Neu- member of the German Rectors' Confe-
Chris-Carolin Schön ML, Freising- herberg, Helmholtz Zentrum München, rence, of the German Academic Exchange
Weihenstephan, Technical University of Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG) Service and of the German Research
Munich, Chair of Plant Breeding (Agricul- (Veterinary Medicine Section) Foundation. In 1997, he was awarded the
tural and Nutritional Sciences Section) prestigious Sprengel-Liebig Medal in Gold
Peter Rosenberger ML, Tübingen, by the Association of German Agricultural05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 12
Analytic and Research Institutes in re- Leopoldina Fellowship Programme the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
cognition of his scholarly achievements Zürich (Switzerland) for many years. He
and in June 2018, he received the Order New fellows has now been accepted as a new member
of Merit of Saxony-Anhalt, the most pres- Dr. Annabelle Doerr of the Walter Eucken of the Pathology and Forensic Medicine
tigious award in the state. Günther Schil- Institute e. V. and the Chair for Labour Section of the Leopoldina.
ling was elected a member of the Leopol- Economics in Freiburg will be continuing
dina in 1969. her research at the Centre for Labour Eco- Leopoldina employees
nomics (CLE) in the Department of Eco-
Werner Schröter ML nomics at the University of California in Stefanie Poster started work in July as a
6 July 1933 – 5 May 2018 | Göttingen Berkeley (USA) under Prof. David Card. member of the library staff.
Gynaecology and Paediatrics
Dr. Annika Eisenschmidt, most recently The following staff members took up their
As the Chair for Paediatrics, Werner involved with the ESF postgraduate qua- posts in August: Jenny Brückner and
Schröter directed the Paediatrics Depart- lification programme at the TU Dres- Dr. Theresa Witting are supervising
ment at the University Medical Centre in den, is moving to a post at the Christian the project “Topographies of European
Göttingen from 1973 until his retirement Doppler Laboratory in the Department of Cabinets of Art and Curiosities” in the
in 2000. He was awarded the prestigious Chemistry at the University of Cambridge Centre for Science Studies. Robert Na-
Adalbert-Czerny Prize by the German So- (Great Britain) and will join the working sarek started work as a scientific emplo-
ciety of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medici- group led by Prof. Dr. Erwin Reisner. yee. Dr. Simon Rebohm is coordinating
ne in recognition of his work on the cause the project “Objektsprache und Ästhetik
of icterus neonatorum simplex. As a pro- Dr. Andreas Geißner is set to move from – Wertdimensionen des Objektbezugs
fessor, he spoke out for improvements in the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and in historischer Perspektive. Das Beispiel
the diagnosis and treatment of congenital Interfaces in Potsdam to the Department Konchylien” (Object Language and Aest-
disorders which cause anaemia. He was of Chemistry at the University of British hetics – Value Dimensions of the Object
a co-editor of the journal “Monatsschrift Columbia in Vancouver (Canada) under Relation in a Historical Context Using the
für Kinderheilkunde”, held a managerial Prof. Dr. Stephen G. Withers. Example of Mollusc Shells). Johannes
role in organising the Göttingen Work- Mengel has joined the Science-Policy-
shop for Paediatric Research and was part Dr. Felix Graßmann from the Institute Society Department as an advisor, and
of international scientific societies inclu- of Human Genetics at the University of Agata Maria Turek has taken a role as a
ding the European Society for Paediat- Regensburg will pursue his project at the Specialist in Media and Information Ser-
ric Research and the German Society for Department of Medical Epidemiology and vices in the archive and library. Dr. Fati-
Haematology. Werner Schröter was elec- Biostatistics at the Karolinska Institutet in ma Kareem has been appointed GloSYS
ted a member of the Leopoldina in 1988. Stockholm (Sweden) under the supervisi- Project Researcher for the Global Young
on of Prof. Dr. Kamila Czene. Academy.
Bernd Wilhelmi ML
6 January 1938 – 8 July 2018 | Jena Dr. Markus Schmitt from the Max Planck The following staff members took up their
Physics Institute for the Physics of Complex Sys- posts in September: Anne Faulmann
tems in Dresden is also heading to the has started as the assistant in the Press
Professor for Applied Physics/Quantum University of California, Berkeley (USA). and Public Relations Department based in
Electronics at the Friedrich Schiller Uni- He will be researching at the Condensed Berlin. Susanne Lehmann has been ap-
versity Jena from 1973–1989, Bernd Wil- Matter Theory Centre in the working pointed assistant to the Secretary General,
helmi was also Rector of the university group led by Prof. Joel Moore. and Karin Pietsch has started working
from 1983–1989. He then directed the De- in the archive as an archivist. The library
partment of Advance Development in the Dr. Lisa Vondung from the Faculty of Che- team has welcomed Paulina Zakrzews-
company Jenoptik AG from 1992–2009. mistry at the University of Marburg will be ka in her new role as academic librarian.
He was awarded the Ernst Abbe Prize and starting at the School of Chemistry at the Dr. Oliver Rymek has joined the Young
the National Prize of the German Demo- University of Manchester (Great Britain) Academy as scientific coordinator.
cratic Republic for Science and Techno- under Prof. Dr. Stephen Liddle.
logy for his pioneering work in ultrafast
laser physics. Bernd Wilhelmi was a mem- Former fellows
ber of the Saxon Academy of Sciences and Dr. Frank Heppner is a Professor and Di-
Humanities, the Leibniz Society of Scien- rector at the Department of Neuropatho-
ces in Berlin, and the European Physical logy at the Charité – University Medicine
Society. He had been a member of the Le- Berlin. He was a research fellow at the Le-
opoldina since 1987. opoldina in 2003 and went on to work at05|2018 // LEOPOLDINA NEWS 13
Imprint
Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Kirsten Geithner, Global Young Academy (kg) com, zapp2photo - stock.adobe.com
Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie Benjamin Haerdle, Freelance Journalist, Leipzig
der Wissenschaften (bh) Design:
Jägerberg 1 Dr. Kathrin Happe, Deputy Head of Department Agentur unicom, Berlin
06108 Halle (Saale) Science - Policy - Society (kh)
Phone: +49-345/4 72 39 – 800 Dr. Nina Hobbhahn, Scientific Policy Officer Copyright:
Fax: +49-345/4 72 39 – 809 EASAC, Department International Relations (nh) For the Leopoldina newsletter the copyright and
Email: presse@leopoldina.org Julia Klabuhn, Editor Press and Public Relations all other rights are held by the Deutsche Akade-
(jk) mie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – National Aca-
Editing: Dr. Marco Körner, Trainee in the Department demy of Science, Jägerberg 1, 06108 Halle (Saale),
Caroline Wichmann (cw) Press and Public Relations (mk) Germany. Redistribution, including in the form of
Daniela Weber (dw) Dr. Ruth Narmann, Deputy Head International extracts, is permitted for educational, scientific
Julia Klabuhn (jk) Relations Department (rn) and private purposes if the source is quoted (un-
Axel Kunz (ak) Dr. Simon Rebohm, Scientific Employee Centre for less otherwise explicitly indicated by the article
Science Studies (sr) in question). Permission must be sought from the
Other editors: Anne Rohloff, Academic Coordinator, Die Junge Leopoldina for commercial usetionale Akademie
Prof. Dr. Jutta Schnitzer-Ungefug (jsu) (verantw.) Akademie (ar) der Wissenschaften, Jägerberg 1, 06108 Halle
Prof. Dr. Dr. Gunnar Berg ML (gb) Ronja Steffensky, Assistant of the Centre for (Saale), Germany.
Science Studies (rst)
Other editors of this issue: Daniela Weber, Editor Newsletter and Project Links to external websites:
Dr. Christian Anton, Scientific Officer, Department Manager, Department Press and Public Relations The Leopoldina does its best to select all hy-
Science - Policy - Society (ca) (dw) perlinks in Leopoldina news and their contents
Dr. Jörg Beineke, Senior Scientific Coordinator Christian Weidlich, Senior Officer, Department carefully,but has no influence on the content or
Academy Office (jb) International Relations (chw) design of the pages linked to. The Leopoldina he-
Lucian Brujan, Senior Officer, Department Inter- Christine Werner, Freelance Journalist, Cologne reby explicitly rejects any liability for the contents
national Relations (lb) (cwe) of external Internet pages.
PD Dr. Andreas Clausing, Coordinator of the Dr. Elke Witt, Scientific Officer, Department Sci-
Fellowship Programme (ac) ence - Policy - Society (ew) Unsubscribe:
Natalie Garbe, Friends of the Leopoldina Acade- Please send an email to presse@leopoldina.org
my (ng) Photo credits:
Anja Geißler, Project Assistant NASAC and IAP, Title: David Ausserhofer, other title photos: Abbreviations:
Department International Relations (ag) Markus Scholz, Photographee.eu - stock.adobe. ML = Member of the LeopoldinaYou can also read
