BirdWatch Ireland Profile - Group Action Plans for Irish Birds

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BirdWatch Ireland Profile - Group Action Plans for Irish Birds
BirdWatch Ireland Profile

 Group Action Plans for Irish Birds
Table of Contents

1     Introduction to the Group Species Action Plans ............................................................................. 1
2     Links to National & EU Biodiversity strategies ................................................................................ 2
    2.1     EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 ............................................................................................ 2
    2.2     Ireland’s 2nd National Biodiversity Plan ‘Actions for Biodiversity 2011-2016’ ........................ 2
3     Relevant plans and associated actions for BirdWatch Ireland ....................................................... 3
Appendix 1 – Summary Report of BirdWatch Ireland Actions................................................................ 8

                                                                   1
1       Introduction to the Group Species Action Plans
BirdWatch Ireland has developed Group Species Action Plans for Irelands "priority, migratory and
dispersed" birds based on their habitat requirements. This summary has been produced to be read
in conjunction with the individual Group Species Action plans.

The process of developing these Action Plans was heavily reliant on stakeholder consultation
throughout. Continued stakeholder input and support are key to implementing the action points
(total of 455) within these Action Plans. In order to ensure successful implementation of these
actions, it is also vital to achieve cross-departmental and sectorial cooperation. By achieving this, we
will fulfil our international and national obligations and safeguard a vital part of Irish heritage for the
future.

In total, 10 Group Species Action Plans have been developed covering the majority of landscapes in
Ireland’s territories. Those which are relevant to BirdWatch Ireland are highlighted in bold.

Table 1. The 10 Group Species Action Plans developed by BirdWatch Ireland and Stakeholders

       Number        Group Species Action Plan Title
       1             Dune and Machair Birds 2011 - 2020
       2             Lake, Fen and Turlough Birds 2011 - 2020
       3             Lowland Farmland Birds 2011 - 2020
       4             Marine and Sea Cliff Birds 2011 - 2020
       5             Raised Bog Birds 2011 - 2020
       6             Riparian Birds 2011 - 2020
       7             Shore and Lagoon Birds 2011 - 2020
       8             Upland Birds 2011 - 2020
       9             Urban and Suburban Birds 2011 - 2020
       10            Woodland and Scrub Birds 2011 - 2020

These plans encompass all regularly occurring and/or migratory species, including those listed as
Birds of Conservation Concern in Ireland (Red/Amber lists)1 and Annex I of the European Birds
Directive2. Each plan provides a framework to deliver action across four key themes. Each theme
contains a number of overarching Targets which are then further broken down into individual
Actions to achieve these aims (Figure 1).

1
    Colhoun, K., & Cummins, S. (2013). Birds of Conservation Concern in Ireland 2014 - 2019 Irish Birds, 9 (4), 523-544.
2
    The Birds Directive (2009/147/EC)

                                                                1
Plan

               Theme:                   Theme:                   Theme:                    Theme:
            Research and          Policy, Legislation          Species & Site            Education &
             Monitoring               Advocacy                 Protection                 Awareness

               Targets                  Targets                  Targets                   Targets

               Actions                  Actions                  Actions                   Actions

Figure 1. Schematic of each Group Species Action Plan. Note the number of Targets and Actions vary in each plan but the
Themes (title and number) remain constant across all plans.

For each action, its deadline, associated target deadline and the relevant Stakeholders are identified.
The total number of relevant actions for BirdWatch Ireland is presented in Section 3 along with the
breakdown of each individual plan and theme (See Appendix 1 or individual plans for full actions).

2     Links to National & EU Biodiversity strategies
Linking the actions outlined in each Action Plan with the National and EU Plans for biodiversity is
important and ensures a cohesive approach to conservation.

2.1       EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020
The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 aims to have:

          Full implementation of current Nature Directives
          Maintain and restore ecosystems and their services
          Increase the contribution of agriculture and forestry to maintaining and enhancing
           biodiversity
          Ensure the sustainable use of fisheries resources
          Tighter controls on invasive alien species of plants and animals
          Help reduce global biodiversity loss

Progressing the aims as outlined in the Group Species Action Plans will be an important step in
ensuring the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2020 is correctly implemented.

2.2       Ireland’s 2nd National Biodiversity Plan: ‘Actions for Biodiversity 2011-2016’
Ireland’s 2nd National Biodiversity Plan ‘Actions for Biodiversity 2011-2016’ highlights the
conservation of biodiversity in the wider countryside and in the marine environment (within and
outside protected areas), increasing public awareness and participation, and improving our
knowledge base on biodiversity as some of the key objectives. These action cross-over with some of
the actions outlined in BirdWatch Ireland’s Group Species Action Plans.

                                                           2
Key actions outlined in the National Biodiversity Plan are listed below. Any actions that have
particular relevance to BirdWatch Ireland’s actions in the Group Species Action Plans are marked
with an asterisk *.

        Complete the designation process for Marine SPAs by 2014*
        The further implementation of a range of EU Directives*
        Implement existing species action or management plans for species under threat and review
         and update as necessary; develop and implement additional species action or management
         plans for a wider range of species under threat*
        To continue and complete national measures to research and reduce adverse effects of
         marine fishers, aquaculture etc on biodiversity*
        The development of measures in future rural development programmes for the protection
         and enhancement of ecosystem services and biodiversity accounting*
        Measures to tackle the issue of invasive alien species*
        The introduction of a biodiversity duty in legislation and the consolidation of the Wildlife
         Acts and to improve enforcement of wildlife law*
        Adopt headline biodiversity indicators for Ireland*
        The integration of biodiversity concerns into national accounting systems*
        Enhance training, communication, cooperation between relevant sectors in support of
         biodiversity conservation*
        The inclusion of biodiversity and ecosystem goods and services in relevant courses in
         secondary and third level education*
        Enhanced cooperation with Northern Ireland on common issues *

The information below details the profile of BirdWatch Ireland who has led in the production of the
BirdWatch Ireland Group Species Action Plans.

3    Relevant plans and associated actions for BirdWatch Ireland
A breakdown of each plan across the 4 themes is given below. The number of actions for each theme
is graded according to their priority level (see Appendix 1 or individual plans for full actions).

Dune and Machair Birds Action Plan

The 35 actions listed under Action Plan on Dune and Machair Birds include 30 high priority and 5
medium priority actions (Table 2). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 2. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Dune and Machair Plan

Dune and Machair Birds Plan                        High priority              Medium priority        Low priority
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                          14                          1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                 6                             2

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                      5                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                          5

                                                            3
Lake, Fen and Turlough Birds Action plan

A total of 34 actions are listed under Lake, Fen and Turlough Birds, 24 of which are high priority and
10 are medium priority (Table 3). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 3. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Lake Fen and Turlough Plan

Lake, Fen and Turlough Birds Plan                       High                        Medium                Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           13                           1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   6                             2

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        5                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                                                          5

Lowland Farmland Birds Action Plan

A total of 35 actions are listed under Lowland Farmland Birds, 29 of which are high priority, 5 are
medium priority and 1 is low priority (Table 4). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 4. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Lowland Farmland Plan

Lowland Farmland Birds Plan                             High                        Medium                Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           14                           1                    1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   7                             1

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        4                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                            4                             1

Marine and Sea Cliff Birds Plan

A total of 31 actions are listed under Marine and Sea Cliff Birds, 24 of which are high priority and 10
are medium priority. The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 5. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Marine and Sea Cliff Plan

Marine and Sea Cliff Birds Plan                         High                        Medium                Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           14                           1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   5

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        5                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                                                          4

                                                               4
Raised Bog Birds Plan

A total of 33 actions are listed under Raised Bogs Birds, 27 of which are high priority and 6 are
medium priority (Table 6). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 6. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Raised Bog Plan

Raised Bog Birds Plan                                   High                        Medium           Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           13                           1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   6                             2

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        4                             3

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                            4

Riparian Birds Plan

A total of 31 actions are listed under Riparian Birds, 26 of which are high priority and 5 are medium
priority (Table 7). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 7. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Riparian Plan

Riparian Birds Plan                                     High                        Medium           Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           10                           1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   6                             2

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        5                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                            5

Shore & Lagoon Birds Plan

A total of 31 actions are listed under Shore and Lagoon Birds, 26 of which are high priority and 5 are
medium priority (Table 8). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 8. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Shore and Lagoon Plan

Shore & Lagoon Birds Plan                               High                        Medium           Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                           11                           1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                   6                             2

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                        5                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                            4

                                                               5
Upland Birds Plan

A total of 33 actions are listed under Upland Birds, 25 of which are high priority and 7 are medium
priority and 1 is low priority (Table 9). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 9. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Upland Plan

Upland Birds Plan                                      High                         Medium              Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                          10                            1                  1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                  8                             1

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                       5                             3

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                           2                             2

Urban and Suburban Birds Plan

A total of 32 actions are listed under Urban and Suburban Birds, 22 of which are high priority and 9
are medium priority and 1 is low priority (Table 10). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given
below.

Table 10. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Urban and Suburban plan

Urban and Suburban Birds Plan                          High                         Medium              Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                          6                             7                  1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                  7

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                       6                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                           3

Woodland and Scrub Birds Plan

A total of 32 actions are listed under Woodland and Scrub Birds, 27 of which are high priority and 5
are medium priority (Table 11). The breakdown across the 4 themes is given below.

Table 11. Action points and their priority level for BirdWatch Ireland in the Woodland and Scrub Plan

Woodland and Scrub Birds Plan                          High                         Medium              Low
Theme 1: Research & Monitoring                          12                            1

Theme 2: Policy, Legislation & Advocacy                  6

Theme 3: Species & Site Protection                       6                             2

Theme 4: Education & Awareness                           3                             2

                                                              6
Other Stakeholders – Total number of stakeholder actions assigned (n=2,254) across all 10 action
plans.

Stakeholder                                    No. of High Priority   No. of medium      No. of low priority
                                                           Actions    priority actions              actions
National Parks & Wildlife Service - DAHG                       333                  78                     3
BirdWatch Ireland                                              260                 64                     3
Dept. of Agriculture, Food & the Marine                        121                 25                     1
Dept. of the Environment, Community, & Local                    93                 27                     2
Government
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds                       69                 16                     1
Environmental Protection Agency                                 68                 12                     2
Coillte                                                         61                  6
Dept. of Communications, Energy & Natural                       61                  2                     2
Resources
Irish Raptor Study Group                                        61                  5
National Biodiversity Data Centre                               59                 10                     2
Other (includes all other stakeholders)                        651                147                     4
Total                                                        1921                 417                    20

                                                    7
Appendix 1 – Summary Report of BirdWatch Ireland’s Actions
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                   Priority       Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                   ID      ID                                                                           Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Dune and Machair   1       D1       The ecology & requirements of dune & machair birds   High           2015       D1.1     Review current knowledge of the population, range, ecology &             2015
Birds                               is better understood                                                                    requirements of each bird species in this group

Dune and Machair   1       D1       The ecology & requirements of dune & machair birds   High           2015       D1.2     Identify where more research is required on dune & machair bird          2015
Birds                               is better understood                                                                    ecology & requirements & initiate a strategic approach to acquiring
                                                                                                                            this data

Dune and Machair   1       D1       The ecology & requirements of dune & machair birds   High           2015       D1.3     Carry out sensitivity mapping to identify the most vulnerable bird       2012
Birds                               is better understood                                                                    areas

Dune and Machair   1       D2       The impacts of different activities on dune &        High           2017       D2.4     Conduct research into the effects of recreation on dune & machair        2015
Birds                               machair birds are better understood & solutions to                                      birds & identify mitigation measures where necessary
                                    address impacts are being progressed

Dune and Machair   1       D2       The impacts of different activities on dune &        High           2017       D2.1     Carry out a review of the effects of agricultural & forestry practices   2013
Birds                               machair birds are better understood & solutions to                                      on dune & machair birds identifying where these may be
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                    contributing to declines & initiate a programme of research to
                                                                                                                            identify mitigation measures
Dune and Machair   1       D2       The impacts of different activities on dune &        High           2017       D2.2     Monitor & evaluate the response of dune & machair bird                   2015
Birds                               machair birds are better understood & solutions to                                      populations to agri-environment & forestry measures & adapt
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                    measures as necessary to benefit the relevant species

Dune and Machair   1       D2       The impacts of different activities on dune &        High           2017       D2.3     Review &, where necessary, contribute to research on the effects of      2017
Birds                               machair birds are better understood & solutions to                                      developments inc. golf courses, housing, amenity areas, flood
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                    management etc. on dune & machair birds

                                                                                                    8
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                   Priority       Target     Action   Action description                                                     Action
                   ID      ID                                                                           Deadline   ID                                                                              deadline

Dune and Machair   1       D3       The effects of alien species & predators on dune &   High           2015       D3.1     Determine the role of alien invasive species &/or predators on the     2015
Birds                               machair birds are quantified                                                            population trends of dune & machair birds at priority sites & review
                                                                                                                            best practice for methods of control or eradication where this is
                                                                                                                            deemed necessary for bird conservation
Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.2     Continue to monitor wintering waterfowl & waders through the           1
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted                                        Irish Wetland Bird Survey
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.3     Develop a strategy to monitor terns on the west coast                  2015
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.4     Conduct an All-Ireland breeding wader machair survey & tie into an     2013
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted                                        All-Ireland breeding wader survey
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.5     Monitor other species in this group at appropriate time intervals      1
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.6     Investigate the efficacy of using bird species as indicators for       2012
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted                                        biodiversity
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient     High           2015       D4.1     Develop a monitoring strategy for all of Ireland’s priority bird       2013
Birds                               coverage of dune & machair birds & are conducted                                        species
                                    in a periodic & strategic fashion

Dune and Machair   1       D5       The effects of climate change on dune & machair      Medium         2020       D5.1     Assess the likely impact of climate change on dune & machair birds     2020
Birds                               birds & their environment are better understood &                                       & their habitats & identify appropriate adaptation measures for
                                    appropriate conservation measures are identified                                        their long term conservation

                                                                                                    9
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                       Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                   ID      ID                                                                            Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Dune and Machair   2       D6       Legislation is effective at protecting dune & machair    High        2017       D6.1     Review current legislation affecting the dune & machair                  2015
Birds                               birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                                 environment (wildlife protection, development, recreation etc.) &
                                                                                                                             identify a list of gaps which need to be filled for the effective
                                                                                                                             protection of birds
Dune and Machair   2       D6       Legislation is effective at protecting dune & machair    High        2017       D6.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise the importance of     2017
Birds                               birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                                 doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective protection is
                                                                                                                             achieved

Dune and Machair   2       D7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       D7.1     Review current policy affecting the dune & machair environment           2015
Birds                               regarding dune & machair bird conservation                                               (wildlife protection, agriculture & land-use, developments,
                                                                                                                             recreation etc.) & identify a list of gaps which need to be filled for
                                                                                                                             the effective protection of birds
Dune and Machair   2       D7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       D7.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise the importance of     2017
Birds                               regarding dune & machair bird conservation                                               doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective protection is
                                                                                                                             achieved

Dune and Machair   2       D7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       D7.3     Develop ecologically sound land-use planning strategies using tools      2015
Birds                               regarding dune & machair bird conservation                                               such as sensitivity mapping

Dune and Machair   2       D8       The most important bird sites in the dune & machair      High        2020       D8.2     Produce (with appropriate consultation)              &    implement      2020
Birds                               environment are identified & designated as per                                           ornithological selection criteria for NHAs
                                    Ireland’s obligations under national & international
                                    commitments
Dune and Machair   2       D9       Hunting does not increase the chance of extinction       Medium      2015       D9.1     Review the hunting list & remove, if appropriate, particular bird        2015
Birds                               of any dune & machair birds                                                              species in consultation with relevant bodies

Dune and Machair   2       D9       Hunting does not increase the chance of extinction       Medium      2015       D9.2     Support current efforts within the hunting community to phase out        1
Birds                               of any dune & machair birds                                                              lead shot & maintain an open dialogue on progress & timelines

                                                                                                        10
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                     Action
                   ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                              deadline

Dune and Machair   3       D10      Dune & machair birds outside of designated sites      High        2017       D10.4    Where appropriate include dune & machair bird interests in             2017
Birds                               benefit from appropriate protection                                                   national strategies or plans to address alien invasive species or
                                                                                                                          predators issues

Dune and Machair   3       D10      Dune & machair birds outside of designated sites      High        2017       D10.2    Ensure appropriately targeted & budgeted measures to benefit           2013
Birds                               benefit from appropriate protection                                                   dune & machair birds & their habitats are included in agri-
                                                                                                                          environment & other land-use (e.g. forestry) schemes & payments
                                                                                                                          in designated & non-designated sites
Dune and Machair   3       D11      All designated sites for dune & machair birds are     High        2020       D11.3    Restore the population of breeding waders at important machair         2020
Birds                               managed appropriately with dedicated management                                       sites to 1985 levels, ensuring the habitats are protected & where
                                    plans                                                                                 necessary restored or enhanced

Dune and Machair   3       D12      The landscape integrity of the environment is         Medium      2020       D12.2    Create & maintain wildlife corridors & stepping stones between         2020
Birds                               improved through landscape scale protection &                                         dune & machair habitats & other suitable habitats wherever
                                    restoration                                                                           possible to facilitate movements between key sites

Dune and Machair   3       D12      The landscape integrity of the environment is         Medium      2020       D12.1    Establish a landscape approach to conservation in an Irish context &   2017
Birds                               improved through landscape scale protection &                                         identify aspects of the landscape that need protecting & restoring
                                    restoration                                                                           for dune & machair birds, develop an appropriate strategy to
                                                                                                                          achieve this
Dune and Machair   3       D13      The single species actions for dune & machair birds   High        2020       D13.1    Implement the Single Species Actions in Table 10                       1
Birds                               are implemented

Dune and Machair   3       D13      The single species actions for dune & machair birds   High        2020       D13.2    Identify species requiring Single Species Action Plans & create &      2015
Birds                               are implemented                                                                       implement these

Dune and Machair   4       D14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       High        2017       D14.1    Develop, promote & distribute best-practice information (e.g.          2015
Birds                               best practice methodology for sustainable                                             leaflets/website/manuals) to raise awareness of how best to
                                    environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      manage the dune & machair environment for birds & why this is
                                    is important for birds, the dune & machair                                            important
                                    environment & ecosystem services

                                                                                                     11
Plan                     Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                         ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Dune and Machair         4       D14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       High        2017       D14.3    In conjunction with relevant stakeholder organisations, develop,         2017
Birds                                     best practice methodology for sustainable                                             promote & distribute best practice information for participants in
                                          environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      recreational activities within dune & machair habitats & explain
                                          is important for birds, the dune & machair                                            why this is important
                                          environment & ecosystem services
Dune and Machair         4       D14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       High        2017       D14.4    Ensure those responsible for drawing up agri-environment plans for       2013
Birds                                     best practice methodology for sustainable                                             landowners receive regular & effective training in conservation
                                          environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      management techniques & are aware of the conservation priorities
                                          is important for birds, the dune & machair                                            in their areas
                                          environment & ecosystem services
Dune and Machair         4       D15      The general public have a better understanding of     High        2015       D15.1    Develop & implement an awareness strategy to educate the general         2015
Birds                                     the importance of dune & machair birds, the factors                                   public on the importance of the dune & machair environment for
                                          that affect them & the importance of a healthy                                        birds, biodiversity & ecosystem services & the public benefits these
                                          environment                                                                           provide
Dune and Machair         4       D15      The general public have a better understanding of     High        2015       D15.2    Develop & implement an awareness strategy to improve the                 2015
Birds                                     the importance of dune & machair birds, the factors                                   understanding amongst dune & machair recreational users of the
                                          that affect them & the importance of a healthy                                        importance of these habitats for birds, biodiversity & ecosystem
                                          environment                                                                           services
Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L1       The ecology & requirements of lake, fen & turlough    High        2015       L1.1     Review current knowledge of the population, ecology &                    2015
Birds                                     birds are better understood                                                           requirements of each bird species in this group

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L1       The ecology & requirements of lake, fen & turlough    High        2015       L1.2     Identify where more research is required on lake, fen & turlough         2015
Birds                                     birds are better understood                                                           bird ecology & requirements, & initiate a strategic approach to
                                                                                                                                acquiring this data

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L1       The ecology & requirements of lake, fen & turlough    High        2015       L1.3     Carry out sensitivity mapping to identify the most vulnerable bird       2012
Birds                                     birds are better understood                                                           areas

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L2       The impacts of different activities on lake, fen &    High        2017       L2.1     Carry out a review of the effects of agricultural & forestry practices   2013
Birds                                     turlough birds are better understood & solutions to                                   on lake, fen & turlough birds identifying where these may be
                                          address impacts are being progressed                                                  contributing to declines, & initiate a programme of research to
                                                                                                                                identify mitigation measures

                                                                                                           12
Plan                     Theme   Target   Target description                                      Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                     Action
                         ID      ID                                                                           Deadline   ID                                                                              deadline

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L2       The impacts of different activities on lake, fen &      High        2017       L2.2     Monitor & evaluate the response of lake, fen & turlough bird           2015
Birds                                     turlough birds are better understood & solutions to                                     populations to agri-environment & forestry measures & adapt
                                          address impacts are being progressed                                                    measures as necessary to benefit the relevant species

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L2       The impacts of different activities on lake, fen &      High        2017       L2.3     Review &, where necessary, contribute to research on the effects of    2017
Birds                                     turlough birds are better understood & solutions to                                     developments inc. wind farms, transport links, housing etc. on lake,
                                          address impacts are being progressed                                                    fen & turlough birds

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L2       The impacts of different activities on lake, fen &      High        2017       L2.4     Conduct research into the effects of recreation & disturbance on       2015
Birds                                     turlough birds are better understood & solutions to                                     lake, fen & turlough birds (motorised & non-motorised) to evaluate
                                          address impacts are being progressed                                                    its severity & identify mitigation measures where necessary

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L3       The effects of alien species & predators on lake, fen   High        2015       L3.1     Determine the role of alien invasive species &/or predators on the     2015
Birds                                     & turlough birds are quantified                                                         population trends of lake, fen & turlough birds at priority sites &
                                                                                                                                  review best practice for methods of control or eradication where
                                                                                                                                  this is deemed necessary for bird conservation
Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       L4.6     Investigate the efficacy of using bird species as indicators for       2012
Birds                                     coverage of lake, fen & turlough birds & are                                            biodiversity
                                          conducted in a periodic & strategic fashion

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       L4.5     Monitor other species in this group at appropriate time intervals      1
Birds                                     coverage of lake, fen & turlough birds & are                                            (e.g. breeding Common Scoter)
                                          conducted in a periodic & strategic fashion

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       L4.3     Setup a All-Ireland raptor monitoring scheme for all Irish raptors     2015
Birds                                     coverage of lake, fen & turlough birds & are
                                          conducted in a periodic & strategic fashion

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       L4.1     Develop a monitoring strategy for all of Ireland’s priority bird       2013
Birds                                     coverage of lake, fen & turlough birds & are                                            species
                                          conducted in a periodic & strategic fashion

                                                                                                             13
Plan                     Theme   Target   Target description                                       Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                         ID      ID                                                                            Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient         High        2015       L4.2     Continue to monitor breeding bird trends & the farmland bird index       1
Birds                                     coverage of lake, fen & turlough birds & are                                             through the Countryside Bird Survey & wintering wildfowl & waders
                                          conducted in a periodic & strategic fashion                                              through the Irish Wetland Bird Survey

Lake, Fen and Turlough   1       L5       The effects of climate change on lake, fen & turlough    Medium      2020       L5.1     Assess the likely impact of climate change on lake, fen & turlough       2020
Birds                                     birds & their environment are better understood &                                        birds & their habitats & identify appropriate adaptation measures
                                          appropriate conservation measures identified                                             for their long term conservation

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L6       Legislation is effective at protecting lake, fen &       High        2020       L6.1     Review current legislation affecting the lake, fen & turlough            2015
Birds                                     turlough birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                        environment (wildlife protection, water quality, developments,
                                                                                                                                   recreation etc.) & identify a list of gaps which need to be filled for
                                                                                                                                   the effective protection of birds
Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L6       Legislation is effective at protecting lake, fen &       High        2020       L6.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise about the             2017
Birds                                     turlough birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                        importance of doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective
                                                                                                                                   protection is achieved

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       L7.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise the importance of     2017
Birds                                     regarding lake, fen & turlough bird conservation                                         doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective protection is
                                                                                                                                   achieved

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       L7.1     Review current policy affecting the lake, fen & turlough                 2015
Birds                                     regarding lake, fen & turlough bird conservation                                         environment (wildlife protection, water quality, developments,
                                                                                                                                   recreation etc.) & identify a list of gaps which need to be filled for
                                                                                                                                   the effective protection of birds
Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       L7.3     Develop ecologically sound landuse planning strategies using tools       2015
Birds                                     regarding lake, fen & turlough bird conservation                                         such as sensitivity mapping

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L8       The most important bird sites in the lake, fen &         High        2020       L8.2     Produce (with appropriate consultation)              &    implement      2020
Birds                                     turlough environment are identified & designated as                                      ornithological selection criteria for NHAs
                                          per Ireland’s obligations under national &
                                          international commitments

                                                                                                              14
Plan                     Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                     Action
                         ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                              deadline

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L9       Hunting does not increase the chance of extinction    Medium      2015       L9.1     Review the hunting list & remove, if appropriate, particular bird      2015
Birds                                     of any lake, fen & turlough birds                                                     species in consultation with relevant bodies

Lake, Fen and Turlough   2       L9       Hunting does not increase the chance of extinction    Medium      2015       L9.2     Support current efforts within the hunting community to phase out      1
Birds                                     of any lake, fen & turlough birds                                                     lead shot & maintain an open dialogue on progress & timelines

Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L10      Lake, fen & turlough birds outside of designated      High        2017       L10.2    Ensure appropriately targeted & costed measures to benefit lake,       2013
Birds                                     sites benefit from appropriate protection                                             fen & turlough birds & their habitats are included in agri-
                                                                                                                                environment & other landuse (e.g. forestry) schemes & payments in
                                                                                                                                designated & non-designated sites
Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L10      Lake, fen & turlough birds outside of designated      High        2017       L10.3    Where appropriate include lake, fen & turlough bird interests in       2017
Birds                                     sites benefit from appropriate protection                                             national strategies or plans to address alien invasive species or
                                                                                                                                predator issues

Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L10      Lake, fen & turlough birds outside of designated      High        2017       L10.5    Implement mitigation measures where necessary to address               2017
Birds                                     sites benefit from appropriate protection                                             recreational disturbance on lake, fen & turlough birds where they
                                                                                                                                are under continuous pressure from these activities

Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L12      The landscape integrity of the environment is         Medium      2020       L12.1    Establish a landscape approach to conservation in an Irish context &   2017
Birds                                     improved through landscape scale protection &                                         identify aspects of the landscape that need protecting & restoring
                                          restoration                                                                           for lake, fen & turlough birds, & develop an appropriate strategy to
                                                                                                                                achieve this
Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L12      The landscape integrity of the environment is         Medium      2020       L12.2    Create & maintain wildlife corridors & stepping stones between         2020
Birds                                     improved through landscape scale protection &                                         lake, fen & turlough habitats wherever possible to facilitate
                                          restoration                                                                           movements between key sites

Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L13      The single species actions for lake, fen & turlough   High        2020       L13.2    Identify species requiring Single Species Action Plans & create &      2015
Birds                                     birds are implemented                                                                 implement these

                                                                                                           15
Plan                     Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                         ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Lake, Fen and Turlough   3       L13      The single species actions for lake, fen & turlough   High        2020       L13.1    Implement the Single Species Actions in Table 10                         1
Birds                                     birds are implemented

Lake, Fen and Turlough   4       L14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       Medium      2017       L14.1    Develop, promote & distribute best-practice information (e.g.            2017
Birds                                     best practice methodology for sustainable                                             leaflets/website/manuals) to raise awareness of how best to
                                          environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      manage the lake, fen & turlough environment for birds & their
                                          is important for birds, the lake, fen & turlough                                      habitats & advocate why this is important
                                          environment & ecosystem services
Lake, Fen and Turlough   4       L14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       Medium      2017       L14.3    In conjunction with relevant stakeholder organisations, develop,         2017
Birds                                     best practice methodology for sustainable                                             promote & distribute best practice information for participants in
                                          environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      recreational activities within lake, fen & turlough habitats & explain
                                          is important for birds, the lake, fen & turlough                                      why it is important
                                          environment & ecosystem services
Lake, Fen and Turlough   4       L14      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with       Medium      2017       L14.4    Ensure those responsible for drawing up agri-environmental plans         2013
Birds                                     best practice methodology for sustainable                                             for landowners receive regular & effective training in conservation
                                          environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                      management techniques & are aware of the conservation priorities
                                          is important for birds, the lake, fen & turlough                                      in their areas
                                          environment & ecosystem services
Lake, Fen and Turlough   4       L15      The general public have a better understanding of     Medium      2015       L15.1    Develop & implement an awareness strategy to educate the general         2015
Birds                                     the importance of lake, fen & turlough birds, the                                     public on the importance of the lake, fen & turlough environment
                                          factors that affect them & the importance of a                                        for birds, biodiversity & ecosystem services & the public benefits
                                          healthy environment                                                                   these provide
Lake, Fen and Turlough   4       L15      The general public have a better understanding of     Medium      2015       L15.2    Develop & implement an awareness strategy to improve the                 2015
Birds                                     the importance of lake, fen & turlough birds, the                                     understanding amongst lake, fen & turlough recreational users of
                                          factors that affect them & the importance of a                                        the importance of these habitats for birds, biodiversity & ecosystem
                                          healthy environment                                                                   services.
Lowland Farmland         1       F1       The status, ecology & requirements of lowland         High        2015       F1.3     Carry out sensitivity mapping to identify the most vulnerable bird       2012
Birds                                     farmland birds are better understood                                                  areas

Lowland Farmland         1       F1       The status, ecology & requirements of lowland         High        2015       F1.2     Identify where more research is required on lowland farmland bird        2015
Birds                                     farmland birds are better understood                                                  ecology & requirements, & initiate a strategic approach to acquiring
                                                                                                                                this data

                                                                                                           16
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                        Action
                   ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                                 deadline

Lowland Farmland   1       F1       The status, ecology & requirements of lowland         High        2015       F1.1     Review current knowledge of population, range, ecology &                  2015
Birds                               farmland birds are better understood                                                  requirements of each bird species in this group

Lowland Farmland   1       F2       The impacts of different land-uses on lowland         High        2017       F2.1     Carry out a review of the effects of agricultural practices on priority   2013
Birds                               farmland birds are better understood & solutions to                                   birds identifying where these may be contributing to declines &
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                  initiate a programme of research to identify mitigation measures

Lowland Farmland   1       F2       The impacts of different land-uses on lowland         High        2017       F2.2     Evaluate the benefits of existing agricultural practices on priority      2013
Birds                               farmland birds are better understood & solutions to                                   farmland birds where these species still occur
                                    address impacts are being progressed

Lowland Farmland   1       F2       The impacts of different land-uses on lowland         High        2017       F2.3     Monitor & evaluate the response of lowland farmland bird                  2015
Birds                               farmland birds are better understood & solutions to                                   populations to agri-environment & forestry measures & adapt
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                  measures as necessary to benefit the relevant species

Lowland Farmland   1       F2       The impacts of different land-uses on lowland         High        2017       F2.4     Review & where necessary, contribute to research on the effects of        2017
Birds                               farmland birds are better understood & solutions to                                   new land-uses (wind farms & associated infrastructure, bio-crops,
                                    address impacts are being progressed                                                  GMOs, etc.) on bird ecology

Lowland Farmland   1       F3       The relationship between lowland farmland birds &     High        2015       F3.1     Determine the role of alien invasive species &/or predators on the        2015
Birds                               predators & alien invasive species is better                                          population trends of birds at priority sites & review best practice for
                                    understood                                                                            methods of control or eradication where this is deemed appropriate
                                                                                                                          for bird conservation
Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.2     Continue to monitor breeding farmland bird trends & the farmland          1
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland                                   bird index through the Countryside Bird Survey & wintering swans
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion                                          & geese through the Irish Wetland Bird Survey

Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.6     Investigate the efficacy of using bird species as indicators for          2012
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland                                   biodiversity
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion

                                                                                                     17
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                    Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                      Action
                   ID      ID                                                                         Deadline   ID                                                                               deadline

Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.5     Monitor other species in this group at appropriate time intervals       1
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion

Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.3     Setup an All-Ireland raptor monitoring scheme for all Irish raptors     2015
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion

Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.1     Develop a monitoring strategy for all of Ireland’s priority bird        2013
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland                                   species
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion

Lowland Farmland   1       F4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient      High        2015       F4.4     Conduct an All-Ireland breeding wader survey                            2013
Birds                               coverage for all priority birds in lowland farmland
                                    birds & are conducted in a strategic fashion

Lowland Farmland   1       F5       A better understanding of the effects of recreation   Medium      2015       F5.1     Conduct research into the effects of recreation on lowland farmland     2015
Birds                               on priority species is achieved                                                       birds to evaluate its severity & identify mitigation measures where
                                                                                                                          necessary

Lowland Farmland   1       F6       The effects of climate change on lowland farmland     Low         2020       F6.1     Assess the likely impact of climate change on lowland farmland          2020
Birds                               birds & their habitats is better understood &                                         birds & their habitats & identify appropriate adaptation measures
                                    appropriate conservation measures are identified                                      for their long term conservation

Lowland Farmland   2       F10      Hunting does not increase the chance of extinction    Medium      2015       F10.1    Review the hunting list & remove, if appropriate, particular bird       2015
Birds                               of any lowland farmland birds                                                         species in consultation with relevant bodies

Lowland Farmland   2       F7       Legislation is effective at protecting lowland        High        2020       F7.1     Review current legislation affecting lowland farmland (wildlife,        2015
Birds                               farmland birds & habitats is properly enforced &                                      agriculture, forestry, water quality, energy, planning &
                                    resourced                                                                             development) & identify a list of gaps that need to be filled for the
                                                                                                                          effective protection of lowland farmland birds & their habitats

                                                                                                     18
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                       Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                    Action
                   ID      ID                                                                            Deadline   ID                                                                             deadline

Lowland Farmland   2       F7       Legislation is effective at protecting lowland           High        2020       F7.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise about the          2017
Birds                               farmland birds & habitats is properly enforced &                                         importance of doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective
                                    resourced                                                                                protection is achieved

Lowland Farmland   2       F7       Legislation is effective at protecting lowland           High        2020       F7.3     Review & strengthen, where necessary, legislation concerning          2015
Birds                               farmland birds & habitats is properly enforced &                                         wildlife crime
                                    resourced

Lowland Farmland   2       F8       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       F8.1     Review current policy (e.g. cross compliance, use of advisors, HNV,   2015
Birds                               regarding lowland farmland bird conservation                                             farmland afforestation, agri-environment schemes, etc.) affecting
                                                                                                                             the lowland farmland environment & identify gaps that need to be
                                                                                                                             addressed for the effective protection of birds & their
Lowland Farmland   2       F8       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       F8.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise about the          2017
Birds                               regarding lowland farmland bird conservation                                             importance of doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective
                                                                                                                             protection is achieved

Lowland Farmland   2       F8       National policies fully address current gaps in policy   High        2017       F8.3     Develop ecologically sound land-use planning strategies using tools   2015
Birds                               regarding lowland farmland bird conservation                                             such as sensitivity mapping

Lowland Farmland   2       F9       The most important bird sites are designated as per      High        2020       F9.2     Produce (with appropriate consultation)            &    implement     2020
Birds                               Ireland’s obligations under national & international                                     ornithological selection criteria for NHAs
                                    commitments

Lowland Farmland   3       F11      Lowland farmland birds outside of designated sites       High        2017       F11.2    Ensure appropriately targeted & costed measures to benefit            2013
Birds                               benefit from targeted & sensitive management                                             farmland birds & their habitats are included in agri-environment &
                                                                                                                             other land-use schemes & payments in designated & non-
                                                                                                                             designated sites (e.g. AEOS, NPWS FPS, Corncrake grant scheme)
Lowland Farmland   3       F11      Lowland farmland birds outside of designated sites       High        2017       F11.4    Where appropriate include farmland bird interests in national         2017
Birds                               benefit from targeted & sensitive management                                             strategies or plans to address alien invasive species or predator
                                                                                                                             issues

                                                                                                        19
Plan               Theme   Target   Target description                                      Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                     Action
                   ID      ID                                                                           Deadline   ID                                                                              deadline

Lowland Farmland   3       F13      The landscape integrity of the lowland farmland         Medium      2020       F13.1    Establish a landscape approach to conservation in an Irish context &   2017
Birds                               environment is improved through landscape scale                                         identify aspects of the landscape that need protecting & restoring
                                    protection & restoration                                                                for lowland farmland birds, develop an appropriate strategy to
                                                                                                                            achieve this
Lowland Farmland   3       F13      The landscape integrity of the lowland farmland         Medium      2020       F13.2    Create & maintain wildlife corridors & stepping stones between         2020
Birds                               environment is improved through landscape scale                                         farmland habitats wherever possible to facilitate species mobility &
                                    protection & restoration                                                                adaptation to climate change (inc. hedgerows, mixed farming & set
                                                                                                                            aside)
Lowland Farmland   3       F14      The single species actions for lowland farmland birds   High        2020       F14.1    Implement the Single Species Actions in Table 10                       1
Birds                               are implemented & single species Actions Plans
                                    created where necessary

Lowland Farmland   3       F14      The single species actions for lowland farmland birds   High        2020       F14.2    Identify species requiring Single Species Action Plans & create &      2015
Birds                               are implemented & single species Actions Plans                                          implement these
                                    created where necessary

Lowland Farmland   4       F15      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with         High        2017       F15.5    Ensure conservation practices for priority farmland birds are          2012
Birds                               best practice methodology for sustainable                                               properly targeted & the positive benefits maximised on land where
                                    environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                        such measures are being implemented through the development of
                                    is important & how best to carry this work out                                          a panel of specialist advisors on the conservation of priority f
Lowland Farmland   4       F15      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with         High        2017       F15.3    In conjunction with relevant stakeholder organisations, develop,       2017
Birds                               best practice methodology for sustainable                                               promote & distribute best-practice information for participants in
                                    environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                        relevant recreational activities within lowland farmland habitats &
                                    is important & how best to carry this work out                                          explain why this is important
Lowland Farmland   4       F15      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with         High        2017       F15.4    Ensure those responsible for drawing up agri-environment plans for     2013
Birds                               best practice methodology for sustainable                                               landowners receive regular & effective training in conservation
                                    environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                        management techniques & are aware of the conservation priorities
                                    is important & how best to carry this work out                                          in their areas
Lowland Farmland   4       F15      Stakeholders have agreed on & are provided with         High        2017       F15.1    Develop, promote & distribute, to land managers, best-practice         2015
Birds                               best practice methodology for sustainable                                               information (e.g. leaflets/website/manuals) to raise awareness of
                                    environmental use & the reasons this methodology                                        how best to manage the land for farmland birds & why this is
                                    is important & how best to carry this work out                                          important

                                                                                                       20
Plan                   Theme   Target   Target description                                     Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                       ID      ID                                                                          Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Lowland Farmland       4       F16      The general public have a better understanding of      Medium      2015       F16.1    Develop & implement an awareness strategy to educate the general         2015
Birds                                   lowland farmland birds, their requirements & the                                       public on the importance of the farmland environment for birds,
                                        factors that affect them including disturbance,                                        biodiversity & ecosystem services & the public benefits they provide
                                        poisoning & pollution
Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M1       The ecology & requirements of marine & sea cliff       High        2015       M1.2     Identify where more research is required on marine & sea cliff bird      2015
Birds                                   birds is better understood                                                             ecology & requirements & initiate a strategic approach to acquiring
                                                                                                                               this data

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M1       The ecology & requirements of marine & sea cliff       High        2015       M1.4     Support the development of a marine biodiversity data                    2015
Birds                                   birds is better understood                                                             management system that will serve as a portal to spatial &
                                                                                                                               temporal data from different taxonomic groups to expand our
                                                                                                                               knowledge base on Irelands marine environment & assist decision
                                                                                                                               making
Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M1       The ecology & requirements of marine & sea cliff       High        2015       M1.1     Review current knowledge of the population, ecology &                    2015
Birds                                   birds is better understood                                                             requirements of each bird species in this group

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M1       The ecology & requirements of marine & sea cliff       High        2015       M1.3     Identify & monitor the most important marine areas for priority          2013
Birds                                   birds is better understood                                                             birds to inform the designation of Marine Protected Areas

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M2       Studies of the impacts of different activities on      High        2015       M2.4     Conduct research into the effects of recreation (land & water based      2013
Birds                                   marine & sea cliff birds are in place & solutions to                                   activities) & disturbance on marine & sea cliff birds & identify
                                        address impacts are being progressed                                                   mitigation measures where necessary

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M2       Studies of the impacts of different activities on      High        2015       M2.3     Conduct research into the requirements of a national emergency           2013
Birds                                   marine & sea cliff birds are in place & solutions to                                   response to major oil spills or pollution events with the intention of
                                        address impacts are being progressed                                                   creating a response plan

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M2       Studies of the impacts of different activities on      High        2015       M2.2     Review & where necessary, contribute to research on the effects of       2015
Birds                                   marine & sea cliff birds are in place & solutions to                                   offshore wind farms & other renewable energy technologies plus
                                        address impacts are being progressed                                                   their associated infrastructure on bird mortality, productivity &
                                                                                                                               foraging behaviour

                                                                                                          21
Plan                   Theme   Target   Target description                                      Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                        Action
                       ID      ID                                                                           Deadline   ID                                                                                 deadline

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M3       The reasons for changes in seabird prey distribution    High        2015       M3.1     Conduct research to determine if changes in abundance &                   2013
Birds                                   are better understood & the effects of alien species                                    distribution of prey species (e.g. fish, shellfish & crustaceans) is
                                        & predator on marine & sea cliff birds are quantified                                   affecting Irish seabirds & if so where these effects are most
                                                                                                                                pronounced
Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M3       The reasons for changes in seabird prey distribution    High        2015       M3.2     Investigate the interplay between factors such as fisheries & climate     2015
Birds                                   are better understood & the effects of alien species                                    change & changes in distribution of seabird prey & identify positive
                                        & predator on marine & sea cliff birds are quantified                                   mitigations measures as appropriate

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M3       The reasons for changes in seabird prey distribution    High        2015       M3.3     Determine the role of alien invasive species &/or predators on the        2015
Birds                                   are better understood & the effects of alien species                                    population trends of birds at priority sites & review best practice for
                                        & predator on marine & sea cliff birds are quantified                                   methods of control or eradication where this is deemed appropriate
                                                                                                                                for seabird conservation
Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       M4.4     Ensure sea cliffs are covered in the next 10 yearly all-Ireland           2015
Birds                                   coverage of marine & sea cliff birds & are conducted                                    Peregrine survey (due 2011-12), Chough survey (2012-13) &
                                        in a periodic & strategic fashion                                                       likewise for eagles within a general all Ireland raptor monitoring
                                                                                                                                scheme
Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       M4.3     Implement a national non-breeding seabirds                 monitoring     2014
Birds                                   coverage of marine & sea cliff birds & are conducted                                    programme at a selection of important sites
                                        in a periodic & strategic fashion

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       M4.2     Implement a national seabird monitoring programme covering                2014
Birds                                   coverage of marine & sea cliff birds & are conducted                                    demography & diet to help assess the impacts of cumulative
                                        in a periodic & strategic fashion                                                       pressures on birds, link into a bio indicator programme

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M4       Species monitoring programmes provide sufficient        High        2015       M4.1     Conduct a full all-Ireland breeding seabird re-survey at least once       2015
Birds                                   coverage of marine & sea cliff birds & are conducted                                    every 15 years & develop a strategy for tern monitoring on the west
                                        in a periodic & strategic fashion                                                       coast

Marine and Sea Cliff   1       M5       The effects of climate change on marine & sea cliff     Medium      2020       M5.1     Assess the likely impacts of climate change on marine & sea cliff         2020
Birds                                   birds & their environment is better understood &                                        birds & their habitats & identify appropriate adaptation measures
                                        appropriate conservation measures identified                                            for their long term conservation (including research on changes in
                                                                                                                                marine ecosystems & abundance & distribution changes in

                                                                                                           22
Plan                   Theme   Target   Target description                                        Priority    Target     Action   Action description                                                       Action
                       ID      ID                                                                             Deadline   ID                                                                                deadline

Marine and Sea Cliff   2       M6       Legislation is effective at protecting marine & sea       High        2015       M6.1     Review current legislation affecting the marine environment              2015
Birds                                   cliff birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                            (wildlife protection, fisheries, aquaculture, energy, recreation,
                                                                                                                                  mineral extraction, pollution etc.) & identify a list of gaps which
                                                                                                                                  need to be filled for the effective protection of birds
Marine and Sea Cliff   2       M6       Legislation is effective at protecting marine & sea       High        2015       M6.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise about the             2015
Birds                                   cliff birds & is properly enforced & resourced                                            importance of doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective
                                                                                                                                  protection is achieved

Marine and Sea Cliff   2       M7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy    High        2016       M7.2     Identify opportunities to fill these gaps & advise about the             2016
Birds                                   regarding marine & sea cliff bird conservation                                            importance of doing so to responsible parties to ensure effective
                                                                                                                                  protection is achieved

Marine and Sea Cliff   2       M7       National policies fully address current gaps in policy    High        2016       M7.1     Review current policy affecting the marine environment (wildlife         2015
Birds                                   regarding marine & sea cliff bird conservation                                            protection, fisheries, aquaculture, energy, recreation, mineral
                                                                                                                                  extraction, pollution etc.) & identify a list of gaps which need to be
                                                                                                                                  filled for the effective protection of birds
Marine and Sea Cliff   2       M8       The most important bird sites in the marine               High        2020       M8.2     Produce (with appropriate consultation)              &    implement      2020
Birds                                   environment are identified & designated as per                                            ornithological selection criteria for NHAs
                                        Ireland’s obligations under national & international
                                        commitments
Marine and Sea Cliff   3       M11      Offshore projects are strategically planned as part of    Medium      2017       M11.2    Review & in consultation identify the need for additional                2015
Birds                                   an integrated strategy                                                                    environmental guidelines for the offshore aquaculture & renewable
                                                                                                                                  energy sectors, if required incorporate these into current measures
                                                                                                                                  to take fully into account the conservation requirements of priority
                                                                                                                                  bird species
Marine and Sea Cliff   3       M11      Offshore projects are strategically planned as part of    Medium      2017       M11.3    Ensure offshore renewable energy & aquaculture projects are              1
Birds                                   an integrated strategy                                                                    appropriately sited to limit any potential disturbance or direct
                                                                                                                                  mortality risk to seabirds. Must be informed by Appropriate
                                                                                                                                  Assessments or Environmental Impact Assessments
Marine and Sea Cliff   3       M12      The single species actions for marine & sea cliff birds   High        2020       M12.2    Identify species requiring Single Species Action Plans & create &        2015
Birds                                   are implemented                                                                           implement these

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