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BREXIT BRIEF
BRIEF
BREXIT
Brexit Brief Issue 67: 25 June 2019
Introduction
The Brief seeks to provide up-to-date information on the progress and content of the UK-EU negotiations, and
bring together relevant statements and policy positions from key players in Ireland, the UK and EU.
The Brief is part of a wider communications programme covering the work of the IIEA’s UK Project Group –
including commentaries, speeches, texts and event reports – which are highlighted on the Institute’s website.
(www.iiea.com)
Section One: State of Play The central issue of the campaign will be the approach to
be taken by the in-coming Prime Minister to the Brexit
Conservative Party Leadership Contest deadline of 31 October. Boris Johnson has stated that
the UK must leave on that date, with or without a deal,
After a series of votes, Conservative MPs decided that two
though he appeared to somewhat softened that stance in
names would go forward to the general party membership
a television debate. Jeremy Hunt has expressed a more
for decision by the end of July on the successor to
flexible approach to the date, arguing that the search for
Theresa May as Party Leader and Prime Minister. Boris
a deal should take precedence, though he does not rule
Johnson, leader of the Brexit campaign in 2016 and
out a no-deal outcome in certain circumstances. Both
former Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth
candidates speak of renegotiation of the Withdrawal
Affairs, and, Jeremy Hunt, current Foreign Secretary,
Agreement, and in particular of the backstop arrangement
will run against each other in a four-week campaign of
designed to avoid a hard border on the island of Ireland.
membership hustings and media interviews. There will
Meanwhile, the European Council President, Donald
be sixteen hustings, starting in Birmingham on 22 June
Tusk, has been quoted as saying that “Maybe the process
and ending in a head-to-head debate before an audience
of Brexit will be even more exciting than before because
of party activists in London on 17 July. Postal voting
of some personnel decisions in London, but nothing has
forms will go out to party members aged over 16 and who
changed when it comes to our position.” The Governor
have been registered for more than three months between
of the Bank of England, Mark Carney, has argued that
6 and 8 July. The final result will be known in the week
leaving the EU without a deal, including a transition
starting 22 July.
BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
period, should be a choice taken with “absolute clarity” and stressed that the European Council “want to avoid a
about what it would mean in economic terms. There disorderly Brexit and establish a future relationship that
would be long-term as well as short-term damage for the is as close as possible with the UK.” He re-stated that
UK economy from a no-deal Brexit. the Council is prepared to re-open negotiations on the
Political Declaration on the future UK-EU Relationship,
In the last round of voting by the 313 MPs, Boris Johnson “if the position of the United Kingdom were to evolve”
received 160 votes, Jeremy Hunt 77 and Michael Gove but that “the Withdrawal Agreement is not open for
75. Previous rounds of voting had seen the rejection of renegotiation”.
candidates including the Home Secretary, Sajid Javid,
the former Brexit Secretary, Dominic Raab and the The President also spoke about the outcome of the Euro
International Development Secretary, Rory Stewart. Summit. He said that the European Central Bank (ECB)
President Mario Draghi “emphasised that the biggest risks
European Council Meetings, 20-21 June 2019 to the global economic outlook are trade and geopolitical
tensions.” He said that this message would be taken to
The European Council met in Brussels on 20-21 June,
the G20 “where we will try to persuade our partners to
addressing a long agenda with only a short discussion of
cooperate rather than threaten one another.” The European
issues related to Brexit. The Council adopted the EU’s
Council also discussed the further strengthening of the
Strategic Agenda for 2019-2024 and also focused on
Economic and Monetary Union. President Tusk stated
climate, disinformation, the long-term EU budget, and
that the Eurogroup will continue its work on a euro area
external relations, including with Russia and Turkey.
budgetary instrument, to be integrated into the long-
On the crucial matter of appointments for the EU’s top term EU budget. President Tusk also said that work was
jobs, they decided to continue their talks at another expected on the European Stability Mechanism Treaty, to
meeting on 30 June 2019. The Council President, Donald be finalised by the end of 2019.
Tusk, spoke to the media following the meeting. He said
that there was no majority in favour of any candidate for EU Top Jobs
the nomination for the top jobs. Beyond this, he remarked The failure of the European Council to agree on a
that the Council covered a variety of issues, including the candidate for the key position of President of the
long-term EU budget, adopting the Strategic Agenda and European Commission – and the decision to meet again
economic sanctions against Russia. Climate neutrality was on 30 June – demonstrated the difficulty of obtaining
also discussed, but Mr Tusk commented that “reaching a consensus, politically balanced outcome on the four
unanimity was not possible” on the issue on that occasion. top jobs: Commission President; European Council
In addition, President Anastasiades updated the Council President; European Central Bank President and High
on the situation off the coast of Cyprus, and Mr Tusk Representative for Foreign Policy. There is also the
said that “the European Council stands ready to respond important decision on the Presidency of the European
appropriately, and in full solidarity with Cyprus” Parliament to be taken by MEPs.
On 21 June, following a session of the Euro Summit, The European Council President, Donald Tusk, had
the European Council (EU27) briefly returned to the consulted the leaders of the Member States and of the
Brexit situation, as President Tusk indicated in his post- groupings within the European Parliament on the new
summit Briefing. He commented that “we look forward heads of four EU institutions. Following the informal
to working together with the next UK Prime Minister”,
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
dinner of EU leaders on 28 May he expressed the hope Section Two: The Evolving Debate
that he could provide clarity on all these posts at the
June summit and indicated that any decision would also UK Government Panel on ‘Soft Border’
need to reflect the diversity of the EU when it comes to
geography, the size of countries, gender as well as political On 20 June 2019 the UK Department for Exiting the
European Union announced that it had established an
affiliation. advisory group of technical experts in customs and trade
to look for “workable alternatives” to the Northern Ireland
The deadlock on 20 June has been interpreted as an backstop. The Government press notice stated that:
inevitable step, permitting some ground-clearing and,
implicitly, putting an end to the ‘Spitzenkandidat’ system The Technical Alternative Arrangements Advisory
Group is the first of three domestic advisory groups
by appearing to rule out of consideration the three names that the Government announced earlier this year.
thrown up by the system from the main party groupings The second will be comprised of business and trade
(Manfred Weber of the EPP; Frans Timmermans of the unions, and the third made up of parliamentarians.
Socialists and Democrats; and Margrethe Vestager of the These groups will help inform the UK’s negotiations
Liberals/Renew Europe). None of the three achieved a with the EU on developing alternative arrangements
majority and it is now argued that the leaders can “cast
to the Northern Ireland backstop, set out in the
Withdrawal Agreement, with the aim of replacing
their net” in a wider pool, for example to bring into it by December 2020 so that it is never needed.
contention the EU Brexit negotiator, Michel Barnier.
The Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union,
The dilemma facing EU leaders has been summarised Steve Barclay, said:
in an Irish Times article by the former diplomat, Bobby
There has been considerable debate about the
McDonagh, who wrote that alternative arrangements that could be put in place
to replace the backstop, including how we could
The EU is facing immense challenges at a time harness the power of cutting-edge technologies,
when its continued effectiveness has never been trusted trader schemes, and IT systems. There
more important for our continent and for the has also been shared recognition by both the UK
wider world. Ireland’s most important interest, Government and the EU Commission that this
therefore, is that each of these key positions is filled work must be an absolute priority as we shape
by the most able effective candidate available. It’s the future partnership. The technical group will
not an exaggeration to say that we can’t afford provide a forum for experts to discuss workable
to get this wrong. The complex balances which alternative arrangements, assessing both capability
will necessarily shape the overall package do not and timelines and bringing their significant
guarantee that competence will be the predominant experience to bear.
criterion in filling the vacancies; indeed the need to
reflect an equilibrium of interests could, as the last Reports on North-South Cooperation
pieces are added to the jigsaw, conceivably hinder
that objective. The European Commission has circulated a document
At the same time, Ireland shares an important exploring the scale and breadth of the many areas of North-
interest with our European partners – that the South cooperation which are in danger of disruption by
package be a balanced one, not only because that is Brexit. The paper sets out the results of a joint UK-EU
the path towards agreement but, more importantly, exercise which mapped as many as 147 North-South
because we know that Europe is stronger when it projects and programmes. It is seen as undermining the
respects the interests and talents of different political argument that the Irish border question can be solved by
families, of large and small member states, of east technology alone.
and west and above all of women and men.
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
The UK Parliament Committee on Exiting the European overall framework to avoid a hard border and protect
Union has published the UK Government scoping document North-South cooperation. It also recalls the Union’s and
on North-South cooperation, originally completed in the United Kingdom’s intention to replace the backstop,
autumn 2017, which outlined the more than 140 areas of in whole or in part, by a subsequent agreement.
cooperation. The document specifies the extent to which
Article 13 of the Protocol deals specifically with North-
each area of cooperation is underpinned by the provisions
South cooperation. It recognises the link between
of the Good Friday Agreement and the extent to which each
avoiding a hard border and such cooperation and
is underpinned by existing EU legal and policy frameworks.
stipulates that: “Consistent with the arrangements
set out in Articles 6(2) and Articles 7 to 12 of this
The EU paper identified a number of cross-cutting issues Protocol, and in full respect of Union law, this Protocol
which would impact on the full implementation of shall be implemented and applied so as to maintain
North-South cooperation. These include “data protection, the necessary conditions for continued North-South
including personal data, which may affect information cooperation, including in the areas of environment,
sharing; public procurement; state aid rules; health and safety health, agriculture, transport, education and tourism,
and employment frameworks; access to EU funding; the as well as energy, telecommunications, broadcasting,
provision of and access to services; divergence in legislative inland fisheries, justice and security, higher education
and regulatory regimes; divergence in scientific opinion and sport. In full respect of Union law, the United
informing policy and legislation; the mutual recognition of Kingdom and Ireland may continue to make new
professional qualifications.” arrangements building on the provisions of the 1998
Agreement in other areas of North-South cooperation
The paper further stated that EU funding had been “both on the island of Ireland.
supportive to and instrumental in the development of
North-South cooperation” and included examples of EU The Irish Debate
programmes “PEACE, INTERREG, Horizon 2020,
Erasmus+, LIFE Programme, CEP and TEN-T, EASI” Simon Jenkins argued in The Guardian that “Whoever
emerges next month as leader must immediately forestall no-
deal Brexit and do so fast. This can only be by reaching a swift
The report commented that the “The mapping exercise agreement on the ‘Backstop’ with the Irish prime minister,
demonstrated the interconnectedness of the areas Leo Varadkar. Only Varadkar can deliver Brexit by October,
of cooperation and the work of the North-South and that means Brexit within a transitional customs union.”
Implementation Bodies. […] In numerous instances,
projects or initiatives between North and South are realisable
because they provide economies of scale that would not be Speaking in Dáil Éireann on 11 June Leo Varadkar said:
possible were they to be pursued in parallel.”
Like everyone in this House, I am a little concerned
about political developments in London at present.
It said that the mapping exercise “also demonstrated clearly After the UK decided to leave the EU, they initially
that many areas of North-South cooperation have either thought that Ireland would somehow fall into line and
expressly relied upon or have been significantly enabled by the leave too. We did not leave and we are not leaving.
overarching EU legal and policy framework and the implicit Some of them thought that when push came to shove,
assumption that both Ireland and the UK would remain EU Ireland would be abandoned and EU unity would
Member States. North-South regulatory alignment supports break. They were wrong about that. I hope they are
the effective operation of all of the Implementation Bodies. not making a further political miscalculation, which
is to think that the House of Commons, having failed
In a key passage the EU paper states that: to ratify the deal, will somehow get a better deal. That
is to really misunderstand how the European Union
The findings of the mapping exercise fed into the works.
subsequent preparation of the draft Protocol on Ireland/
Northern Ireland to the Withdrawal Agreement Speaking after the European Council meeting on 20
endorsed by the European Council and the UK June the Taoiseach commented on the discussion in UK
government on 25 November. The Protocol sets out an political circles on “alternative arrangements” to replace
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
the backstop, saying that “We can’t accept that alternative Section Three: Background Material and
arrangements are an alternative to a backstop unless we see Further Reading
what they are, know how they would work and see them
demonstrated. This hasn’t been done yet and I don’t see Background Material
that being done this side of 31 October, which is why we
certainly can’t accept the deletion of the backstop.” European Council European Council meeting, 20 June
2019 – Conclusions. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/
He insisted that “The only way that I can see that we
media/39922/20-21-euco-final-conclusions-en.pdf
can be sure we avoid a hard border is through regulatory
alignment. That is why the British Government agreed to
that in the Joint Report back in December 2017 because President Donald Tusk Remarks after European
we all understood that the best and most effective way to Council meeting, 20 June 2019. https://www.consilium.
avoid the need for infrastructure or check or controls was europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2019/06/21/remarks-
regulatory alignment. That’s still where I think we have by-president-donald-tusk-after-the-european-council-
to end up.” He said that he looked forward to an early
meeting with the new Tory leader and Prime Minister. meeting-on-20-june-2019/
Euro Summit Statement of Euro Summit, 21 June
No-Deal Difficulties
2019. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-
A report carried out for the Northern Ireland civil service releases/2019/06/21/statement-of-the-euro-summit-21-
concludes that businesses in Northern Ireland would face june-2019/
massive difficulties in the event of a no-deal Brexit, with
the burden falling most heavily on small and medium President Donald Tusk Remarks after Euro Summit, 21
enterprises. The Department of the Economy commented
June 2019. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/
that the report presented “a sobering reflection of the
limited room for manoeuvre for businesses and government press-releases/2019/06/21/remarks-by-president-donald-
in a no-deal context.” tusk-after-the-euro-summit-meeting-on-21-june-2019/
A confidential UK Cabinet Memorandum has warned Irish Times Summit fails to select EU top-job
that the country is still far from prepared for the disruption candidates but clarifies criteria. IT, 22 June 2019.
of a no-deal exit. The note said that the Government needs https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/summit-
six to eight months of engagement with some industry
fails-to-select-eu-top-job-candidates-but-clarifies-
sectors – such as pharmaceuticals - to ensure adequate
arrangements are in place. At least 4-5 months are needed criteria-1.3933657
to improve trader readiness for the new border checks and
registration schemes that might be required. HM Government Technical advisory group on
alternative arrangements to the backstop established,
Bill Clinton on Brexit 20 June 2019. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/
technical-advisory-group-on-alternative-arrangements-
Former US President Bill Clinton has expressed concern to-the-backstop-established
about the impact of Brexit and said that the 2016
referendum campaign was conducted with almost no
European Commission Negotiations on Ireland /
consideration of the potential damage to Northern Ireland.
He also spoke of his worries about how Brexit might affect Northern Ireland, Mapping of North-South Cooperation,
the UK as a whole. “Those who want a hard Brexit are 21 June 2019. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/
portraying it as the liberation of the UK but if you look sites/beta-political/files/mapping_of_north-south_
at the population trends and the wealth and productivity
cooperation_0.pdf
trends they could be consigning one of the greatest nations
in human history to a smaller role.”
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
RTE EU report highlights Brexit effect on north-south The Guardian Boris Johnson promises tax cut for 3m
cooperation. RTE, 20 June 2019. https://www.rte. higher earners. Guardian, 10 June 2019. https://www.
ie/news/ireland/2019/0619/1056392-eu-commission- theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/10/boris-johnson-
paper-north-south-cooperation promise-tax-cut-raise-40p-threshold
House of Commons UK Government documents The Telegraph Boris Johnson on course for 140-seat
relating to ‘mapping exercise’ examining North-South majority at general election if he becomes Tory leader, poll
cooperation on the island of Ireland published, 20 June shows. Telegraph, 12 June 2019. https://www.telegraph.
2019. https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/ co.uk/politics/2019/06/11/boris-johnson-course-140-
committees-a-z/commons-select-/exiting-the-european- seat-majority-general-election-becomes/
union-committee/news-parliament-2017
Financial Times Cabinet veteran takes on ‘the two
HM Government Technical Explanatory Note: North- Borises’. FT, 21 June 2019. https://www.ft.com/content/
South Cooperation Mapping Exercise https://assets. f0a8b9e4-937b-11e9-b7ea-60e35ef678d2
publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/
uploads/attachment_data/file/762820/Technical_note-_ The New Yorker The Empty Promise of Boris Johnson.
North-South_cooperation_mapping_exercise__2 NewYorker, 13 June 2019. https://www.newyorker.com/
magazine/2019/06/24/the-empty-promise-of-boris-
Financial Times Boris Johnson and Jeremy Hunt to face johnson
off in race to be UK prime minister. FT, 21 June 2019.
https://www.ft.com/content/e46d906e-9385-11e9-b7ea- The Guardian Hunt and Johnson are wildly different
60e35ef678d2 but it’s the latter who can deliver Brexit. Guardian,
21 June 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/
The Observer This will be a contest, not a coronation, commentisfree/2019/jun/20/jeremy-hunt-boris-johnson-
if Jeremy Hunt questions Boris Johnson’s character. conservative-leadership
Observer, 23 June 2019. https://www.theguardian.
com/commentisfree/2019/jun/23/this-will-be-contest- The Guardian Donald Tusk: Johnson may make Brexit
not-coronation-if-jeremy-hunt-questions-boris-johnson- more exciting, but we won’t budge. Guardian, 21 June
character 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/
jun/21/donald-tusk-johnson-may-make-brexit-more-
George Parker Boris Johnson, the great pretender exciting-but-we-wont-budge
finally on the cusp of power. FT, 15 June 2019. https://
www.ft.com/content/2273db26-8e8f-11e9-a24d- RTE Bank of England’s Carney dismisses Johnson claim
b42f641eca37 on no-deal Brexit. RTE, 21 June 2019. https://www.
rte.ie/news/business/2019/0621/1056637-mark-carney-
Irish Times Boris Johnson faces uncomfortable on-brexit
spotlight on the road to No 10. IT, 15 June 2019.
https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/boris-johnson- The Guardian Adding Boris Johnson to Brexit is pouring
faces-an-uncomfortable-spotlight-on-the-road-to- fuel on to the fire. Guardian, 16 June 2019. https://
no-10-1.39261187 www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jun/16/boris-
johnson-brexit-pouring-fuel-fire
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
Irish Times Limitations of Tory hopefuls on full display The Telegraph Nigel Farage: Brexit Party pact with
in ill-tempered debate. IT, 19 June 2019. https:// Boris would deliver ‘massive majority’ on no-deal election
www.irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/limitations- ticket. Telegraph, 19 June 2019. https://www.telegraph.
of-tory-hopefuls-on-full-display-in-ill-tempered- co.uk/politics/2019/06/18/nigel-farage-brexit-party-
debate-1.3930066 pact-boris-would-deliver-massive-majority
The Guardian TV debate brought home a terrifying truth: Financial Times UK not ready for a no-deal Brexit,
one of these men will be PM. Guardian, 18 June 2019. confidential cabinet note warns. FT, 13 June 2019.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/ https://www.ft.com/content/a678db62-8ce9-11e9-a24d-
jun/18/tv-debate-bbc-boris-johnson-sajid-javid-jeremy- b42f641eca37
hunt-michael-gove-rory-stewart-jonathan-freedland
The Guardian Brexit has made this country as anxious as
The Guardian EU view of Tory leadership candidates I have ever known it. Guardian, 15 June 2019. https://
deeply critical, say sources. Guardian, 11 June 2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/15/brexit-
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/11/eu- made-country-angry-as-i-have-ever-known-it
view-of-tory-leadership-candidates-deeply-critical-say-
sources Tony Connelly Double Whammy: A no-deal Brexit
and Northern Ireland. IT, 15 June 2019. https://www.
The Federal Trust After the Fall: Governing the UK in rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2019/0614/1055418-
the Post-May Era, 13 June 2019. https://www.fedtrust. double-whammy-no-deal-brexit-and-northern-ireland
co.uk/after-the-fall-governing-the-uk-in-the-post-may-
era Tony Connelly Alternative arrangements: Holy grail
or fig leaf? IT, 22 June 2019. https://www.rte.ie/news/
Malcolm Rifkind Britain is leaving the EU, not Europe. analysis-and-comment/2019/0622/1056832-tony-
Politico, 14 June 2019. https://www.politico.eu/article/ connelly-brexit-blog
britain-leaving-eu-not-europe-brexit-aftermath
Irish Times EU has run out of patience with the UK
The Guardian Parliament is out of options to stop no- over Brexit –Varadkar. IT, 21 June 2019. https://www.
deal Brexit- Oliver Letwin. Guardian, 13 June 2019. irishtimes.com/news/politics/eu-has-run-out-of-patience-
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jun/13/ with-the-uk-over-brexit-varadkar-1.3932046
parliament-is-out-of-options-to-stop-no-deal-brexit-tory-
mp-oliver-letwin RTE Taoiseach not acting in Ireland’s interest on Brexit-
DUP’s Donaldson. RTE, 14 June 2019. https://www.rte.
Kenneth Clarke ‘If there’s no other way you’ve got to ie/news/brexit/2019/0614/1055285-brexit
bring the government down.’ The Guardian, 15 June
2019. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/ Irish Times Brexit: Ireland created backstop ‘impasse’
jun/15/kenneth-clarke-bring-down-no-deal-government says Donaldson. IT, 14 June 2019; https://www.
irishtimes.com/news/politics/brexit-ireland-created-
backstop-impasse-says-donaldson-1.3925602
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 067 | JUNE 2019
Sir Jeffrey Donaldson MP Speech at Institute of Irish Times British government appoints expert panel
International and European Affairs, 13 June 2019. www. on ‘soft border’ options. IT, 20 June 2019. https://
iiea.com www.irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/british-government-
appoints-expert-panel-on-soft-border-options-1.3931219
RTE Hunt claims Merkel said EU willing to negotiate
Brexit deal with new PM. RTE, 9 June 2019. https:// Irish Times Frictionless Border needed to sustain
www.rte.ie/news/uk/2019/0609/1054313-conservative- North-South cooperation, Commission says. IT, 21 June
leadership-uk 2019. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-
news/frictionless-border-needed-to-sustain-north-south-
RTE Taoiseach warns of ‘terrible miscalculation’ over cooperation-commission-says-1.3932067
improved Brexit deal. RTE, 11 June 2019. https://www.
rte.ie/news/politics/2019/0611/1054787-brexit-varadkar BBC Varadkar: “We cannot accept alternative
arrangements”. BBC, 21 June 2019. https://www.bbc.
Politico Brexit’s Ulster problem. Politico, 29 May 2019. com/news/world-europe-48723652
https://www.politico.eu/article/brexit-uk-northern-
ireland-backstop-irish-border-ulster-problem-good- Irish Times Varadkar says EU open to Brexit talks
friday-agreement with new British PM. IT, 22 June 2019. https://www.
irishtimes.com/news/world/brexit/varadkar-says-eu-
Irish Times No-deal Brexit ‘would present huge open-to-brexit-talks-with-new-british-pm-1.3933319
difficulties’ to businesses in North. IT, 12 June 2019.
https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/no-deal- Irish Times EU leaders set to clash with next UK prime
brexit-would-present-huge-difficulties-to-businesses-in- minister on Brexit. IT, 21v June 2019. https://www.
north-1.3922654 irishtimes.com/news/politics/eu-leaders-set-to-clash-
with-next-uk-prime-minister-on-brexit-deal-1.3932580
Irish Times Diarmaid Ferriter: A Boris Johnson
victory may not be a doomsday scenario for Ireland. IT, Irish Times Tanaiste warns against “dumbing down” of
15 June 2019. https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/ Border challenges to “tech solutions”. IT, 22 June 2019.
diarmaid-ferriter-a-boris-johnson-victory-may-not-be-a- https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/brexit/tanaiste-
doomsday-scenario-for-ireland-1.3924834 warns-against-dumbing-down-of-border-challenges-to-
tech-solutions-1.3933196
RTE No backstop as bad for Ireland as no deal –
Varadkar. RTE, 15 June 2019. https://www.rte.ie/news/ Bobby McDonagh EU cannot afford ‘jobs for the boys’
brexit/2019/0615/1055513-ireland-brexit carve-up of top roles. IT, 20 June 2019. https://www.
irishtimes.com/opinion/eu-cannot-afford-jobs-for-the-
RTE Bill Clinton wishes Brexit referendum hadn’t boys-carve-up-of-top-roles-1.3931058
happened. RTE, 18 June 2019. https://www.rte.ie/
news/2019/0618/1055920-bill_clinton Further Reading
Irish Times Bill Clinton concerned about impact Holfer and Migge Ireland in the European Eye Royal
Brexit will have on NI. IT, 18 June 2019. https:// Irish Academy
www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/bill-
clinton-concerned-about-impact-brexit- will-have-on-
ni-1.3929277
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.The Institute of International and European Affairs (IIEA) is Ireland’s leading international affairs think tank. Founded in 1991, its mission is to
foster and shape political, policy and public discourse in order to broaden awareness of international and European issues in Ireland and contribute
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Go To Think Tank Index ranked the IIEA as Ireland’s top think tank.
© Institute of International and European Affairs, June 2019
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