Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 - January 2019
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Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Contents
Section Page Section Page Section Page Section Page
Section 1: Setting the scene 5 Section 7: Connectivity within Section 9: Neighbourhood connectivity 97 Section 12: Targets, indicators,
The West of England 5 the West of England 41
Neighbourhood challenges 97
monitoring 125
Transport in the West of England 7 Within West of England challenges 41
Neighbourhood policies and interventions 97
Background 125
Local Transport Plans 8 Within West of England policies and N1. Use master planning and local design Developing indicators 125
interventions 41
to create better places 97 Monitoring indicators 125
Section 2: Transport challenges W1 Provide more public transport options
in the West of England 13
N2 Facilitate the use of active modes for Risks associated with meeting targets 127
and improve service quality 42 all short trips, including the first and Summary of indicators 128
Section 3: Vision and objectives 19 W2 Provide for journeys where public last mile of longer journeys 103
transport is not an option 53 Glossary 139
Vision 19 Section 10: Funding and implementation 109
W3 Use, as appropriate, measures and
Objectives 19 technological advances to influence Introduction 109 Appendices
Outcomes 19 and better manage the demand of Current situation 109 1 Summary of Environmental Report 143
private car use 55 2 Bus Strategy Overview Document 153
Section 4: Embracing technology The funding gap 109
W4 Improve resilience of the network,
and partnerships 21 Additional sources of funding 111 3 Scheme Summary Table – categories 157
providing increased reliability 59
Technological advances and innovation 21 4 Major scheme details `159
W5 Enable business clustering and Section 11: Major schemes and summary
Advancing together 22 the efficient movement of freight 64 of interventions 113
Maintaining and developing Major schemes 113
wider partnerships 23 Section 8: Local connectivity 71
Local challenges 71 Transformational 116
Section 5: Improving connectivity 25 Transport requirements for future growth 117
Local policies and interventions 71
Section 6: Connectivity beyond L1 Enable walking and cycling, ‘active Early investment schemes (including
the West of England 29 modes of travel’, to be the preferred committed projects) 119
Beyond West of England challenges 29 choice for shorter journeys 72 Working with partners to build our
Beyond West of England policies L2 Reduce the number and severity current programme 122
and interventions 29 of casualties for all road users 78 Summary of Interventions 122
B1 Enhance competitiveness of major L3 Encourage residents and employees
gateways and improve connectivity to make more sustainable and
to international markets 29 healthier travel choices 81
B2 Improve strategic resilience L4 Support opportunities for all sectors
of the network for all trips 33 of the population to access the
services they require, wherever
they live 86
L5 Support the identification and
implementation of measures that
will improve air quality 91
2 3Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 1:
Setting the scene
A note to the text The West of England In 2017, the West of England Combined Authority
(WECA) was formed to help support increasing
To demonstrate how the JLTP4 policies contribute The West of England is a prosperous city region coordination of transport, housing and skills
towards delivering the objectives and outcomes, a with a population of 1.1 million and an economy across the area administered by Bath & North
series of icons have been developed. There is one worth over £33bn a year. The region is diverse, East Somerset Council, Bristol City Council and
icon for each objective, with the numbers below the with the vibrant densely populated cities of South Gloucestershire Council. It is a legal body
icons showing which outcomes the policy is likely Bristol and Bath, complemented by surrounding that can make transport decisions at the combined
to make the largest contribution towards achieving. rural areas and towns. The region’s growth has authority level and receive devolved powers
exceeded the national average over the past 15 and resources. It is through the West of England
The icons are included next to each policy at the years, while population grew by nine per cent Joint Committee that WECA and North Somerset
start of the connectivity sections (Sections 6–9).
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
thermometer/cloud
heart between 2001 and 2011. Productivity is the highest Council make decisions at the West of England
of all the largest city regions in the United Kingdom
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
The objectives are: level. Central government has devolved £30m per
outside London, and the region is one of the few annum for 30 years to WECA, giving more local
port sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG)
ble equality and improve accessibility (EA) Support sustainable and inclusive economic
ress poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
thermometer/cloud net contributors to the UK economy. control and accountability over spending. The West
growth
tribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
ate better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
of England authorities will continue to work closely
The West of England is known across the UK and
with partners, including the West of England Local
and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
mprove accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
further afield for its creativity and quality of life; it
thermometer/cloud
Enable equality and improve accessibility
lity and take action against climate change (CC)
health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
Enterprise Partnership.
(BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
is recognised as one of the best places to live in
th (EG)
Address poor air quality and take action
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
Britain. The region attracts students and visitors
from across the globe who recognise the unique
limate change (CC) thermometer/cloud
against climate change
security (H) heart
google pin/ tree/sunshine
cities and towns and top-performing universities. It
or graph of arrows increasing Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety has a highly skilled and talented workforce, which
is attracted by the top-class job opportunities,
qual sign or open door
and security
hermometer/cloud
eart
oogle pin/ tree/sunshine
supporting the clusters of world-leading sectors
Create better places within or adjacent to the region including
aerospace, financial, nuclear and innovation.
South
Gloucestershire
Bristol
North
Somerset
Bath & North
East Somerset
4 5Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 1:
Setting the scene continued
The Joint Spatial Plan “Transport in the West of England will be Local authorities and WECA to attract new jobs to Bristol, Bath, Weston-
and Joint Transport transformed over the next 20 years through a Local authorities are super-Mare and the rest of the region. The LEP,
West of England
Joint Spatial Plan
Study programme of complementary measures designed responsible for delivering which is accountable to WECA, brings together
Publication Document
November 2017
The region has a strong to address underlying challenges and to enable local transport schemes. organisations from the private, public (including
legacy of partnership the sustainable delivery of new housing and They also work together, the four local authorities), education/training and
working; local employment growth.” through bodies such as social enterprise sectors, to support the delivery of
government, transport WECA, on the development the West of England Industrial Strategy.
The JTS has informed, and has been informed by,
providers, business and of cross-cutting strategies
the JSP. The findings and recommendations in the Sub-National Transport Bodies
local communities, the for the West of England and
JTS were advisory; this Joint Local Transport Plan The Government is encouraging the establishment
voluntary sector and delivery of larger schemes,
takes account of these findings, builds upon them of Sub-National Transport Bodies (SNTB) to provide
wider stakeholders have including metrobus and
and formalises the work previously carried out. more strategic thinking about transport investment
collaborated for over 10 MetroWest. Local authorities receive regular
years. This culminated annual transport funding from local sources, priorities to improve regional productivity and
in WECA and North Somerset preparing the West Transport in the West of England including Council Tax, business rates and parking sustainable economic growth. WECA and the
of England Joint Spatial Plan (JSP). The JSP is income. However, most transport funding comes four West of England authorities are planning to
Transport in the West of England is planned, participate in the proposed “Western Gateway”
a statutory Development Plan Document (DPD), from the Department for Transport (DfT) and other
managed, delivered and funded by a large group Sub-National Transport Body, which will also
providing the strategic overarching development arms of central government.
of organisations, shown in Figure 1.1, working consist of Borough of Poole Council, Bournemouth
framework for the West of England to 2036. together to improve transport provision and Department for Transport Borough Council, Dorset and Wiltshire Councils,
The JSP sets out a prospectus for sustainable support our commitment to carbon reduction. and Gloucestershire County Council. At this
The Department for Transport (DfT) is responsible
growth to help the region meet its housing and for allocating funding to transport schemes. In stage it is proposed that the Western Gateway
transport needs to 2036. It includes the policies Figure 1.1: Transport in the West of England
recent years, the level of regular annual funding SNTB operate in shadow form, i.e. it will not be a
and principles required to support the delivery of that local authorities receive from DfT for capital statutory body, though it may decide to be this in
105,500 new homes and 82,500 new jobs. Local transport projects and highway maintenance has the future. Additionally, a firm commitment remains
Local authorities
Plans for each authority contain the more detailed and WECA been reducing. Funding is increasingly awarded to work closely with the proposed “South West
plans and policies for new development, including through competitive bids, such as the Highways Peninsula” SNTB on a number of shared strategic
parking. Other organisations Maintenance Challenge Fund and Cycle Ambition priorities.
Department
e.g. Bristol Airport for Transport
In tandem with the JSP, a Joint Transport Study and Port Fund, and these can only be used for specific
purposes. This shift to competitive bids means Highways England
(JTS) was undertaken to recommend how to
address both current transport challenges, Transport Local central government achieves greater control, Highways England is responsible for the Strategic
including carbon reduction, and forecast growth.
Bus operators in the West Enterprise
Partnership accountability, and stronger value for money. Road Network (SRN), which comprises of
The JTS, developed in partnership with Highways
of England However, it has led to more uncertain levels of motorways and major A roads. Highways England
England, identified potential future strategic funding for local authorities. receives funding from central government and
transport proposals for delivery up to 2036, that Network Rail Sub-National sets out its investment priorities in five-year Road
Transport Bodies
address current challenges and inform future
and TOC's
Local Enterprise Partnership Investment Strategies (RIS). The development of
development proposals in the JSP. The JTS set out The West of England Local Enterprise Partnership RIS considers local needs for improvements to the
the following approach for transport: Highways (LEP) supports business growth and is working SRN, such as new motorway junctions.
England
6 7Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 1:
Setting the scene continued
Network Rail and train operating companies Local Transport Plans l The launch of the first three metrobus routes, Bristol International Airport and the A38, and
Network Rail is responsible for the rail tracks, providing a significant increase in the quality and removing freight vehicles from Winterstoke Road
signalling and other rail infrastructure, including Local authorities have historically been required speed of public transport along over 50km of
by government to prepare LTPs; this plan is the routes, linking central Bristol with areas of North Additionally, on the rail network, delivery continues
Bristol Temple Meads station. Train operating of the Great Western electrification project and new
companies, such as Great Western Railway, fourth prepared by the authorities in the West of Somerset and South Gloucestershire
England. In the past, LTPs would set out transport bi-mode intercity trains, bringing faster journey
operate the trains and most stations. Like l Successful bid with bus operators for times and more services linking the region with
Highways England, Network Rail produces a five- improvements the local authority had identified
as required, and these would be reviewed by DfT. designation of key bus route corridors as a London. Work is also progressing on MetroWest,
year investment strategy, that takes into account Better Bus Area to target specific improvements which focuses on major improvements to local and
strategic projects, such as electrification, and Based on the review, funding for core schemes
would be allocated, with major schemes (those funded by displaced Bus Service Operators’ suburban rail services, including the re-introduction
locally promoted projects, such as MetroWest. Grant of passenger services between Portishead, Pill,
over £5m) funded through a separate bidding
Bus operators process. l Programmes to facilitate travel behaviour Henbury and Bristol.
Most buses in the West of England are run on a The recent shift to most transport funding coming change and increase cycle and bus use, These and other projects have contributed to very
commercial basis by bus operating companies, from bids means LTPs are now more aspirational delivered under the Local Sustainable Transport positive changes in how people get around the
such as First. They are responsible for setting documents that are increasingly used as bidding Fund, Access Fund, Better Bus Area Fund, region. During the past ten years we have seen:
routes, fares and timetables, and work with local tools. Local authorities can set out a programme Cycling Ambition Grant and Local Growth Fund
authorities to improve services. Local authorities
l The number of bicycle trips more than double,
they would like to deliver, and in addition to regular l Large areas of public realm improvements to with an average year on year increase of 10%
also subsidise a small number of services for funding, they can still apply to DfT for larger improve conditions for pedestrian and cyclists
local communities, where there is a social or sums of money to deliver major schemes (for and remove the dominance of vehicular traffic, l The number of bus passenger journeys
accessibility need and it is not viable to run a further information see Section 10: Funding and including Weston-super-Mare town centre and increasing by more than one third – with 10-15%
commercial service. Implementation). The Cenotaph in Bristol alone across much of the region in the year to
2016/17, compared to a fall of nearly 1% across
Other organisations Achievements during the Joint Local Transport l Completion of the Weston-super-Mare transport England as a whole. Bus passenger satisfaction
A range of other organisations are involved in Plan 3 period package, including improvements to M5 Junction has remained stable in recent years with overall
delivering transport improvements. This includes The West of England Joint Local Transport Plan 21 and the Worle Parkway station interchange bus satisfaction levels standing at 89% in the
Bristol Airport and Port, housing and employment (JLTP3), prepared in 2011, set out a 15 year vision 2017, which is higher than in most core city
developers, walking and cycling charities and
l Completion of the Bath Transportation Package,
for transport across the region. It focussed on including expansion to the capacity of Park regions
external stakeholders. Further details on how reducing carbon emissions, supporting economic
we will continue to embrace these and other & Ride, improvements to the city’s bus stop l Rail passengers (since 2008) increasing by more
growth, and improving accessibility, safety and infrastructure and reconfiguration of parts of the
partnerships are set out in Section 4. security, health, and the quality of life. The region than half, with more than double the number
city’s road network using the Severn Beach Line
has made significant achievements during the
seven years of JTLP3, spending over £500m on the l Completion of the A4174 South Bristol Link Road, We exceeded the targets set out in JLTP3 in all
delivery of transport projects, including: a key multi-modal transport link connecting these areas, along with those relating to improving
South Bristol with North Somerset at Ashton road safety and reducing CO2 emissions.
l Step-change improvements to the Greater Vale, improving links between the M5 motorway,
Bristol Bus Network, including vehicle quality,
information, service frequency and fare
structures
8 9Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 1:
Setting the scene continued
Joint Local Transport Plan 4 (2019-2036) (Key Route Network). The JLTP is fundamental in Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) An Environmental Report has been prepared
This draft Joint Local Transport Plan (JLTP) has supporting the West of England Energy Strategy, for JTLP4, providing an assessment of “the
along with local clean air strategies, as part of The European SEA Directive (2001/42/EC) requires likely significant effects on the environment”.
been prepared by WECA and the four West of an environmental assessment to be undertaken
England local authorities – Bath & North East achieving carbon reduction. The JSP will mainly The Environmental Report includes a Habitats
be delivered by the Local Plans and SPDs, which of any plans or policies that could result in an Regulations Assessment, Equalities Impact
Somerset Council, Bristol City Council, North impact on the environment. The overall aim is to
Somerset Council, and South Gloucestershire include parking standards for the public highway Assessment and Health Impact Assessment. The
and new development, including housing and ensure better protection for the environment and Environmental Report is being consulted upon
Council. It takes account of the JSP and JTS human health. The SEA process aims to make
findings and recommendations and will support offices. Both WECA and the local authorities will at the same time as this consultation version of
put together their capital programmes for major decision-makers aware of the likely environmental JLTP4. A summary of the draft Environmental
delivery of the more detailed interventions set out effects of policies and plans at an early stage of
in local transport strategies across the region. scheme delivery. Report is included in Appendix 1.
development.
This includes the Bath and Bristol Transport The relationship of JLTP4 to other plans is shown The SEA seeks to identify measures that can be
Strategies, and other supporting strategies for in Figure 1.2. The following section identifies the The SEA does not provide a detailed assessment integrated into JLTP4 to ensure that likely adverse
cycling, parking and other modes. JLTP4 will also challenges JLTP4 will need to respond to over the of the schemes listed within JLTP4 but includes a environmental impacts of the plan are minimised
be supported by other regional strategies covering next 20 years. broad assessment of the likely effects of the overall and mitigated. The mitigations included in the
cycling, walking, buses and the main road network plan. It also considers the impact of adopting Environmental Report, and the feedback obtained
and implementing JLTP4 compared to the likely during the consultation period, will be considered
Figure 1.2: Relationship of JLTP4 to other plans impact of any reasonable alternative scenarios. and used to inform the final version of JLTP4.
The likely impacts of the plan and the reasonable
Joint Spatial
Plan alternatives are identified, described and evaluated.
The reasonable alternative scenarios considered as
part of this JLTP4 assessment, are:
Joint Transport
Bus Strategy
Study
l JLTP3 remains the adopted transport policy for
the West of England, and none of the transport
Local Plans: policies included in JLTP3 are updated
Bath & North East Somerset
Key Routes Bristol
l ‘No Plan’ option, which assumes there is no
Network Strategy North Somerset JLTP4 and JLTP3 ceases to be in place. This
South Gloucestershire means the JLTP3 policies will no longer apply,
but schemes directly mitigating JSP strategic
Local Cycling development locations, and individual local
and Walking
Infrastructure Plan authority transport policies, will continue to exist
Joint Local Local transport
West of England strategies
Energy Strategy Transport e.g. Bath, Bristol, Keynsham
Plan 4
Local clean air
strategies
Local Authority
Strategic supporting
Environmental strategies
e.g. Electric vehicles,
Assessment
CAV, MaaS
10 11Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 2: Transport challenges in the
Section 1:
Setting the scene continued West of England
There have been significant achievements during growth to occur sustainably, connectivity across
the last seven years of JTLP3. Investment has the region needs to be transformed. We are faced
contributed towards changes in how people get with ongoing and new challenges, many of which
around the region, resulting in increased bus are not unique to the West of England, and some of
passenger numbers, increased levels of walking which we have little or no control over. This section
and cycling, improved road safety and reduced sets out some of the key challenges faced. A high-
CO2 emissions. However, the West of England level summary is shown in Figure 2.1.
faces serious transport challenges, which will
become more acute with the anticipated scale of
growth in the area. For population and economic
Figure 2.1: High-level summary of transport challenges
Transport is the largest
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2 of 3 NO2 deaths a year linked
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Nailsea Brislington
£6bn shortfall
£ £
Backwell North Keynsham
NO2 Whitchurch in transport funding
NO2
Banwell Churchill 2 in 5 commutes
are less than 2km
25% Ageing population: 1 in 11 commutes
increase in trips
by 2036
1 in 5 over
65 years old
NO2 £
by public transport
NO2 £
12 13Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 2:
Transport challenges in the West of England continued
Transport is the largest This means that alongside Travel demand is The common perception planning information is lower
technology to reduce emissions, than the national average.
contributor to carbon such as electric cars, significant
growing, and there is is that there are limited
dioxide emissions in the advances are required in an increased need to travel options
West of England improve the offer of Parts of the road and
technology that can remove CO2 There are limitations to public
from the atmosphere. more sustainable modes transport connectivity resulting rail networks are under
Transport is responsible for strain
29% of carbon dioxide (CO2) Local authorities in the West of transport from the delivery of bus services
emissions in the West of of England have adopted by a deregulated commercial The lack of spare highway
The demand for travel to and market with differing objectives,
England, compared to 26% targets that are in line with, capacity impacts on providing
within the West of England is and delivery of rail services
nationally. Climate change or more ambitious than the resilience, for example for
growing, and will continue to by franchisees working to the
impacts on the resilience and national targets in the Climate diversionary routes following
grow, due to planned housing specification set by DfT.
standard of the transport Change Act. The medium-term an incident on the motorway
and employment growth. This
network, including issues such combined West of England Whilst the number of passengers network. Congestion and
will put increasing pressure
as flooding, landslides, potholes, carbon reduction target is to has increased, public transport unreliability are a major cost
on the already congested
heat damage to roads and rail achieve a 50% reduction in use is low compared to other to the region due to increased
Strategic Road Network and
buckling. The JLTP, JSP and absolute CO2 emissions by city regions. Many journeys are vehicle operator costs,
other transport links. Changing
West of England Energy Strategy 2035 from 2014 levels. Over across or around urban areas more non-productive time,
travel patterns, due to the
will be key levers in supporting the last decade a reduction in instead of to town and city and are barriers to further
layout and location of more
the UK commitment to the Paris transport emissions has been centres, and travel options tend clustering of business sectors
recent development, flexible
Agreement, negotiated at the achieved through improved to be more limited or slower. Rail in Enterprise Areas/Zones
working and the increasing
2015 United Nations Framework fuel efficiency and some mode services are impacted by the age and other major employment
availability of technology and
Convention on Climate Change. shift to walking, cycling and and low capacity of some rolling areas. This will impact on our
telecommunications, will have
This aims to limit the increase public transport. With significant sustainable growth aspirations
in global average temperatures population changes, however, 2 in 5 commuting some impact on transport
growth, but if left unchecked
stock, infrastructure problems,
and rail company staff shortages. and competitiveness if left
to 1.5°C by 2050. The Climate unchecked. The removal of
Change Act is a legally binding
this trend could reverse without
intervention. car journeys less there is still going to be an over-
dependence on the private car, People who do not use public the Severn Bridge tolls is
commitment by the UK
Government to achieve an 80%
than 2km particularly for some very short transport have the perception
there are limited travel options,
likely to worsen congestion
on some major roads in the
journeys.
reduction in CO2 emissions by hence the level of satisfaction West of England. Additionally,
2050 from a 1990 baseline. with public transport journey the efficiency of the region’s
In October 2018, the United
Nation’s Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change 1 in 11 commutes by public transport
published a report saying the
world is off track to keep to
the 1.5°C limit and would likely
exceed it by around 2040, even
with the promises made as
part of the Paris Agreement.
It reports that CO2 emissions
must be cut drastically by 45%
of 2010 levels by 2030 and ‘net
zero’ levels achieved by 2050.
14 15Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 2:
Transport challenges in the West of England continued
network is impacted by different which has its own distinct High car dependency, poor air There has been limited Public spending (£) on transport per resident (2016/17)
highway network management travel needs. Older people rely quality and inactive lifestyles
arrangements. increasingly on others to gain pose a major threat to public
transport funding London
access to services, especially in health. The quality of the public Many of the challenges are a direct Yorkshire and The Humber
There is a need to sustainably rural areas where local facilities realm is poor in some areas, and result of limited transport funding
accommodate growth in the and public transport are lacking severance and noise caused by across the region and wider South North West
number of delivery and freight or limited. motorised traffic exacerbates West for many years; the level
vehicles. These are generated by this and deters the use of active South East
of available resources has been
our expanding airport, port and modes. As well as impacting
Transport impacts on insufficient to address the scale East of England
other road freight movements on physical health, it limits the of growth. During the five-year
into and through the region, safety, security, air integration and vitality of local period from 2012/13 to 2016/17, the West Midlands
associated with the growing quality, public health communities and negatively average overall public spending on
economy, population and home
shopping.
and public realm affects quality of life. transport per resident of the South North East
West region was around £1,150, the South West
Vulnerable road users lowest across all regions except
The local authorities work hard
(particularly pedestrians, cyclists There is a need to
to maintain their highway assets. for the East Midlands. The average East Midlands
and motorcyclists) continue to be manage emerging spend across England (excluding
However, budget constraints
mean there is a highway
more seriously affected by road technology and London) was nearly 20% higher, 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
traffic incidents. Many streets innovation at £1,370. Furthermore, during the
maintenance backlog. There is an
are perceived to have safety or same period, the South West saw
increasing incidence of poor or Public spending (£) on transport per £1000 GVA (2016/17)
security issues, including high We may be at the tipping point the lowest average overall public
dangerous road surfaces, often
numbers of heavy vehicles. of a revolution in transport, spend per Gross Value Added (GVA)
arising from extreme weather London
This makes walking or cycling as emerging technologies and on transport, at £49.76 per £1000
events.
unappealing and can increase innovation, including ‘driverless’ GVA. This compares to an average in Yorkshire and The Humber
Demand is growing on the local vehicle trips, such as on the electric vehicles and smartphone England, excluding London, of £58.48
and regional rail network, and ‘school run’, thereby creating a apps, change how we choose per £1000 GVA . The JTS recognises North West
trains are overcrowded at peak vicious circle. to travel. We need to consider the need to catch-up through the most North East
times, particularly into Bristol the potential for, and long-term ambitious transport programme ever
Poor air quality across several impacts of this on mobility and
and Bath. for the West of England. West Midlands
of our urban areas results travel (see Section 4: Embracing
in health impacts on local technology and partnerships for The following sections of JLTP4 set East of England
There are high levels of communities and negatively more details). out how we will continue to work
inequality and different effects the natural environment. together to build on our achievements East Midlands
accessibility needs Air Quality Management Areas to date, provide the step change in
(AQMAs) continue to be in place South East
transport provision that is required,
There are high levels of in areas including Bath, Bristol and embrace new opportunities and South West
inequality across the West of and other locations on major technology to provide enhanced
England, with some communities roads with heavy and/or slow- connectivity across and beyond the 0 20 40 60 80 100
or individuals not benefiting from moving traffic. The Government West of England. This will ensure the
the prosperity of the region but has directed local authorities West of England continues to be one
impacted by the high costs of to prepare Clean Air Plans to of the best places to live, study work
living. The pockets of deprivation reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and visit.
impact on opportunities to levels in the Bath and Bristol
access services and employment. urban areas to legal levels by
There is an ageing population 2021 at the latest.
16 17Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 3:
Section 2:
Transport challenges in the West of England continued Vision and objectives
Vision Outcomes
The long-term aspiration for transport in the West For each of the objectives, several outcomes have
of England is encompassed in the vision for JLTP4: been agreed. These outcomes set out what we
are seeking to achieve by delivering the plan.
‘Connecting people and The policies included in the plan will support the
delivery of the objectives and outcomes.
places for a vibrant and To demonstrate how the JLTP4 policies contribute
inclusive West of England’ towards delivering the objectives and outcomes,
a series of icons have been developed. There is
Objectives one icon for each objective, with the numbers
Five objectives have been identified, based on the underneath showing the outcomes the policy is
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
aspirations of the West of England authorities and likely to make the largest contribution towards
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA)
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
equal sign or open door
thermometer/cloud
heart
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
previous plans and policies prepared. There is no achieving. The icons are included next to each
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
priority allocated to the objectives as they all have policy in the connectivity sections.
a role to play in achieving the vision for the West
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
of England. The objectives, as follows, are in no
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
Create better places (BP)
thermometer/cloud
heart
google pin/ tree/sunshine
Support sustainable and inclusive
particular order: economic growth
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
1. Improved efficiency and reliability on local,
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA)
Support sustainable and inclusive
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
Create better places (BP)
equal sign or open door
thermometer/cloud
heart
google pin/ tree/sunshine
national and international transport networks
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG)
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA)
economic growth
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
2. Delivery of new houses and jobs, identified
thermometer/cloud
through the JSP, is supported
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
Enable equality and improve accessibility
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
3. Access opportunities to employment growth
Address poor air quality and take action
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC) thermometer/cloud
areas is provided for all
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
against climate change
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing 4. Transport assets are maintained and
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
managed, and demonstrate value for money
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC) thermometer/cloud
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
and security
5. The high-quality transport network generates
Create better places inward investment
6. Congestion and demand on the network
is better managed through technological
advances
18 19Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 4: Embracing technology and
Section 3:
Vision and objectives continued
pport sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG)
able equality and improve accessibility (EA)
dress poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
ntribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
eate better places (BP)
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
thermometer/cloud
heart
google pin/ tree/sunshine
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG)
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA)
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
Create better places (BP)
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
thermometer/cloud
heart
google pin/ tree/sunshine
partnerships
Enable equality and improve accessibility Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety Technological advances and may become significantly cheaper relative to public
and security transport. This could potentially increase the
1. Connectivity is increased and transformed, innovation
enabling seamless “door-to-door” movements 1. There is a step change in the number of number of vehicles on the road network, combined
of people and goods healthy, low carbon walking and cycling trips Technological advances and innovation are striding possibly with longer commutes, as people are able
ahead at the global level, with new digital systems to work on the move. Within this JLTP4 period,
2. Access for those with both visible and hidden 2. There is a continued reduction in the number and devices becoming an increasingly important CAVs will only provide part of the solution, and a
disabilities is improved of road casualties on the transport network part of our daily lives. The huge rise in internet multi-modal approach will still be needed.
3. Access to services for residents in rural or 3. Road safety for transport users is improved, shopping, more flexible working patterns and
use of telecommunications software, are leading Mobility as a Service (MaaS), including Pay As
remote areas is improved particularly for those most at risk You Go travel, could encourage a shift away from
to fewer journeys being made per person for
4. Better information to aid travel decisions is 4. Personal safety on the transport network is shopping, commuting and business. Technology personally-owned modes of transport and towards
provided improved, and there is less crime and fear of solutions that are consumed as a service. This
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth (EG) £ or graph of arrows increasing
Enable equality and improve accessibility (EA) equal sign or open door
Address poor air quality and take action against climate change (CC)
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety and security (H)
thermometer/cloud
heart
has had a significant impact on mobility, and this
crime could include the concept of paying for a weekly
Create better places (BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
5. Low carbon transport and opportunities for will continue.
reducing the need to travel are maximised travel pass that includes bike hire, car hire, bus
Create better places Future mobility is about so much more than and train travel, rather than owning a personal
6. New public transport systems, smarter 1. Journey experience is enhanced through an technology; it’s about people, connectivity and the mode of transport.
and inclusive economic growth (EG)
mprove accessibility (EA) ticketing and faster payment options are
£ or graph of arrows increasing
equal sign or open door
integrated and connected transport network way we create and support change to deliver the
Open data, stemming from data collation and
lity and take action against climate change (CC) thermometer/cloud
enabled
health, wellbeing, safety and security (H) heart
future we want. People often adapt well to change,
(BP) google pin/ tree/sunshine
2. The impact of the transport network on the but opportunities need to be provided in the right sharing of information obtained from journey
Address poor air quality and take action built, natural and historic environment is place and at the right time to maximise benefits. As planning tools and ticket sales, for example, can
against climate change minimised such, by shaping future mobility systems, we can, provide an understanding of travel behaviour. In
1. NOx, particulates and carbon emissions are 3. Streetscape, public spaces and urban in turn, shape demand. turn, the data can support the identification and
reduced environments are enhanced development of measures that influence future
The right schemes and policy framework need to travel demand and mobility networks.
2. Air quality in the AQMAs is improved 4. The transport network supports be in place to capitalise on changes, enabling us to
neighbourhood renewal and the regeneration harness the potential benefits and avoid negative Smart city initiatives, that use data and technology
3. Air quality remains better than national to create a more efficient and integrated network,
standards outside the AQMAs of deprived areas impacts. We are witnessing rapid developments in
many areas that could mean more people are able such as Smart Motorways and Urban Traffic
4. The transport network is resilient and to choose walking, cycling and public transport. Management Control.
adaptable These changes could support a more inclusive Improved and faster wireless technology,
5. Technological advances to improve air quality society where the young, elderly, persons with including 5G, will support the further development
and monitoring are embraced mobility challenges, as well as those living in rural of many other technologies. The ability to
areas, have new travel options, and offer new ways access information, particularly when out and
of transporting goods to and around the region. about, is critical to enabling people to maximise
The main areas being explored, or where advances opportunities to access the services they require.
are occurring and evolving, are as follows: Carbon reduction technology, such as cleaner
Connected and Autonomous (driverless) Vehicles fuel and energy, are increasing in prominence
(CAVs) have the potential to radically transform and availability. This includes hybrid and electric
the transport system in the longer-term future. The vehicles, and e-bikes.
evolution of CAVs needs to be carefully managed. Timescales are hard to predict, and a
CAVs could offer the opportunity for fewer people transformative change that is driven by some or all
to own cars, if sharing vehicles and journeys these advances may not even occur. While mobility
becomes more of the norm. However, more people changes are mostly likely to occur just beyond the
could be able to access cars for journeys, which lifetime of this JLTP4, many of the JLTP4 schemes
20 21Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 4:
Embracing technology and partnerships continued
will have a long lifespan, so potential technological technological developments such as CAVs. Both We recognise the high cost of widespread Maintaining and developing wider
impacts need to be considered. This will mean we projects involve academics, as well as legal and implementation of 5G and will work with suppliers
are prepared for where we want to be, rather than insurance experts, to understand the societal and other partners to help ensure that it does not
partnerships
adapting to the new mobility environment we find implications of these technologies. We are forming only benefit areas or users where the highest level The key to success in delivering JLTP4 is to
ourselves in. Initially, we will produce a strategy on a regional technology consortium to combine of financial return can be gained, and that rural work closely with our stakeholders and continue
CAVs and MaaS setting out our position, including the knowledge of these partners along with areas, in particular, are not overlooked. to build new partnerships. A JLTP4 Advisory
our concerns and ambitions. vehicle manufacturers, communication providers, Group has already been established to provide
technology specialists, national research projects, technical and professional advice, comprising
Advancing together and academics of the universities in the region. over 20 representatives of transport operators
and providers, transport user groups, transport
We are committed to partnership working to discipline experts and emerging technology
ensure we are at the forefront of implementing specialists. WECA and the four West of England
technological advances in transport, through Case Study: Venturer councils will continue to maintain and develop
developing and sharing knowledge, lessons Case Study: Flourish Venturer concentrates on autonomy. Using partnerships with:
learned and innovations. The ambition for the West Flourish concentrates on connectivity and the state-of-the-art Wildcat autonomous
of England is to become a European leader in the older people. Flourish is trialling some vehicle developed by BAe Systems has l Local and national transport operators
progressive roll-out of new technologies and new world leading Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) allowed Venturer to develop a range of and providers
forms of mobility. We will work with and support technology including the latest generation of new sensor and control technology with l Transport user groups
national and local legislation that encourages Wi-Fi for cars. We have already demonstrated experts at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory.
safe and sustainable travel, especially through communication between vehicles, and A series of increasingly complex tests have l Persons with reduced mobility groups
technological initiatives to improve mobility. between vehicles and a base station. Flourish been carried out over three years. Year 1
focussed on handover between human and
l Local businesses and business groups
is also developing driverless pods that will be
We will release open source data for application tested in campus type environments, as well machine; Year 2 focussed on interaction l Community and voluntary sector
developers to build apps and digital platforms, as in simulators. Flourish will focus on the between the Wildcat and other vehicles; and
so the community can have direct involvement in needs of older people when using CAVs, and Year 3 focussed on interactions between l NHS and local sport organisations
enhancing our service. Data should be shared and is building a detailed model of how Bristol the Wildcat and pedestrians and cyclists. It
open to avoid the creation of a monopoly. Open l Educational establishments
could operate in future CAV scenarios. also demonstrated “see through technology”
data is crucial with mobile phones and real-time where one vehicle reports to the vehicle l Community Rail Partnerships
information playing an increasingly important role Partners: Partners: Flourish – Atkins (part behind it what is in front. Venturer partner
in providing choice. We will put an expectation of SNC-Lavalin), Airbus Group, Axa, Dynniq, Williams developed an advanced simulator l Police and Local Community Safety Partnerships
on our partners to provide us with any data React AI, Designability, OPM, Aimsun (part based on a Range Rover Evoque that could l Neighbouring councils (including across the
they collect, to guide the future development of of Siemens), Bristol City Council, South replicate the real-world scenarios, as well River Severn)
transport. Gloucestershire Council, Transport Systems as testing human perceptions of a range of
Catapult, Age UK, University of Bristol and factors in a CAV. l Service providers e.g. electricity network
We recognise the need to gain confidence and University of the West of England. operators
public trust in using new technologies. We will Partners: Venturer – Atkins (part of SNC-
encourage suppliers and partners to work closely Lavalin), AXA UK, BAe Systems, Bristol City l West of England Road Safety Partnership
with elderly and ‘harder to reach’ sectors of The Government’s Innovate programme is Council, South Gloucestershire Council, First
the population, to enable them to embrace new Specific examples of how we work, and will
delivering research and innovation projects, Group, Fusion Processing, Williams Advanced
opportunities. continue to work with groups or organisations, are
complemented by the UK Digital Strategy 5G Engineering, University of the West of
set out in the connectivity chapters.
The West of England authorities are project testbed projects, including CAVs. The West of England and University of Bristol.
partners with the ground-breaking Flourish England is bidding for a share of the £200m
and Venturer projects, which are considering available as part of the new Urban Connected
the potential for, and long-term impacts of, Communities Project, to develop a large-scale,
citywide testbed for wireless 5G infrastructure.
22 23Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 5:
Section 4:
Embracing technology and partnerships continued Improving connectivity
We will provide a well-connected sustainable We recognise that for some people the private
transport network that offers greater, realistic car is essential and for others it is often the only
travel choice and makes walking, cycling and public realistic mode of travel, such as those in rural
transport the natural way to travel. Trips into and areas where a reasonable level of bus service is
within the West of England will be seamless, faster, not sustainable. The needs of people with personal
cheaper, cleaner and safer. mobility challenges are recognised and supported.
In line with our responsibilities under the Equality
The focus for investment is on increasing the Act 2010, we will ensure all new infrastructure,
attractiveness of more active and sustainable vehicles and information are as accessible as
modes, both by improving these networks and possible. We will deliver improvements to existing
opportunities and implementing measures that transport networks, targeting parts that cause
can manage private car use. Individuals will be most disadvantage.
empowered to change their travel habits, with
sustainable modes becoming the preferred choice In seeking to reduce the level of emissions,
for journeys, if journeys need to be made at all. including carbon, we will provide infrastructure
to support the use of electric vehicles. We will
New and expanded rapid and mass transit, across also continue to explore the use of mechanisms to
the Bristol urban area and providing links towards reduce dependency on private car use, including
the East and North Fringe, Bath and the airport, providing continued support in the development of
will be transformative, providing fast and reliable new technologies.
journeys for residents and visitors. It will be
supported by comprehensive walking, cycling, bus Our strategy for improving connectivity in the West
and rail networks, that enable people to get to of England is shown in Figure 5.1.
stops/stations quickly and easily. The quality and
coverage of this supporting network is critical, as This JLTP4 is structured around improving
the first and last mile of any journey is often the connectivity at four levels. These are not exclusive;
most important factor in determining mode choice. some of the policies and interventions are
relevant at more than one level, although they
Attracting trips made by private car onto rapid and have not been repeated. As a plan that focuses
mass transit will bring improvements in journey on the West of England region rather than local
times, reliability, air quality, carbon emissions and areas, connectivity at the most strategic level is
overall attractiveness of the network for more considered first.
sustainable modes. Less traffic will improve the
perceived safety and security of the network, and
the reallocation of road space, where appropriate,
will allow streets to be transformed, creating better
places and improved public realm in urban areas.
Park & Ride (P&R) will play an important role in
enabling people living outside the urban areas,
who do not have easy access to public transport,
to access central areas by non-car modes. By
providing P&R sites on routes into the main urban
areas, the accessibility of P&R will be improved.
24 25Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 5:
Improving connectivity continued
Figure 5.1: Strategy for improving connectivity Local
Walking and cycling are Journeys of up to approximately 10km, including
the preferred choice for all journeys wholly within one urban area and
shorter trips and to access those between neighbouring rural areas, and rural
public transport and urban areas. The focus is primarily on:
Well-connected public
Use of mechanisms to reduce l Active travel, including improving cycling and
transport, focussed around
dependency on private car use
mass and rapid transit, walking networks
in urban areas, thereby
supported by a comprehensive
improving air quality, public l Travel planning and increasing knowledge about
walking, cycling, local bus and
realm and supporting sustainable modes
rail network
sustainable network Achievement
improvements of JLTP vision,
l Providing easily accessible information
objectives and l Access to services, including remote working
outcomes Technology developments and reducing the need to travel
to reduce the need to travel
Park & Ride sites on radial and enable seamless journeys
l Improving air quality
routes to intercept private through improved ticketing
cars entering the main and information on transport Neighbourhood
urban centres choices
Journeys within local communities, both urban and
rural. The focus is primarily on:
l Removal of physical barriers, such as severance
Highway capacity can be The use of road space is caused by major roads
reallocated to sustainable and more effectively managed by
active modes of transport, technology l Safety and security, both perceived and actual
where appropriate
l Master planning, local planning and public
realm
Beyond the West of England Within the West of England
This JLTP4 is not structured around transport
Journeys into and out of the West of England, Journeys wholly within the West of England, but modes; however, Figure 5.2 sets out where the
including to other areas in the South West, South longer than approximately 10km, including those modes have the biggest role to play in improving
Wales, national and international. The focus is between main urban areas. There is recognition connectivity in the West of England. Note that many
primarily on: that long trips start with a local trip. The focus is journeys will combine at least two modes of travel.
on:
l Strategic road and rail networks, including the
role of coaches l Developing rapid and mass transit, and
supporting and enhancing existing public
l Supporting the role of the port and airport, for transport
both passengers and freight
l Managing the demand of vehicles on the
network
l Technology, to manage the network, provide
future travel opportunities, and reduce
environmental impact
l Freight and the needs of businesses
26 27Draft Joint Local Transport Plan 4 2019-2036 January 2019
Section 6: Connectivity beyond the
Section 5:
Improving connectivity continued West of England
Figure 5.2: Role of transport modes in improving connectivity at different connectivity levels Beyond West of England challenges Beyond West of England policies and
Personal Travel The West of England serves, and requires linkages interventions
Neighbourhood Local Within WoE Beyond WoE to, the wider South West, South Wales, the rest Two main policies will support delivery of the
of the UK and international locations, to meet JLTP4 objectives at the beyond West of England
Walking its growth targets and ambitions. The economic connectivity level:
Ferries/boats viability of the West of England and surrounding
Cycling areas is dependent upon the provision of l B1: Enhance competitiveness of major gateways
convenient and attractive access arrangements and improve connectivity to international
Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles
for industrial, business, shopping and tourist trips. markets
Mass and rapid transit
However, trip lengths mean travel choices are l B2: Improve strategic resilience of the network
Bus often more limited for longer journeys. Combined for all trips
Rail with a network that is increasingly under pressure,
Car/Electric Vehicle specific challenges for connectivity beyond the The policies will be delivered by focussing on
West of England have been identified, building on specific interventions.
Motorcycles and mopeds
the general challenges included in Section 2:
Park and Ride B1. Enhance competitiveness of major
l The Strategic Road Network (SRN), particularly
Coach
the M4 and M5 motorways, have heavy traffic
gateways and improve connectivity to
Aeroplane flows due to both longer distance through traffic, international markets
and local movements that perceive the SRN to
offer the best route (EG)£(EG)
Support sustainable
Support
and sustainable
inclusive
Support
economic
and
sustainable
inclusive
growth economic
and
(EG)inclusive
growtheconomic orgrowth
graph of arrows
(EG) £ or£graph
increasing
of arrows
£ or graph
increasing
of arrows increasing
This policy contributes towards the delivery
Support sustainable and inclusive economic growth or graph of arrows increasing
Freight
Enable equality Enable
andEnable
improve
equality
accessibility
Enable
andand
improve
equality
(EA)accessibility
and improve(EA)
accessibility equal
(EA) sign or openequal
door signsign
equal or open
equal
or door
opensign or open door
door
equality improve accessibility (EA)
Address poor airAddress
quality poor
andpoor
take
air
Address
quality
action
poor
against
andand
air
take
quality
climate
actionand
against
change
take (CC)
action
climate thermometer/cloud
against
change climate thermometer/cloud
(CC)(CC)change (CC) thermometer/cloud
thermometer/cloud
Address air quality take action against climate change
Contribute to better
Contribute
health,towellbeing,
better
Contribute
health,
safety
to wellbeing,
better
and security
health,
safety
wellbeing,
(H)andand heart
security
safety (H)
and heart heart
Contribute to better health, wellbeing, safety security (H)security (H)heart
of the following objectives and outcomes:
Create better places
Create(BP)
better places
Create (BP)
better google pin/ tree/sunshine
google pin/pin/
tree/sunshine
google pin/ tree/sunshine
Create better places (BP)places (BP) google tree/sunshine
Neighbourhood Local Within WoE Beyond WoE l The removal of tolls on the Severn crossings,
from the end of 2018, is forecast to result in
Delivery Bikes
a large increase in traffic using the crossings,
Light Goods Vehicles for which mitigation measures will need to be 1,3,4,5 1,2,4,6 5 1
Heavy Goods Vehicles sought
Rail/Port/Airport l Both the Port of Bristol and Bristol Airport are
planning to increase throughput, impacting on The main interventions that will support the
the area’s transport infrastructure delivery of the policy, are:
l HGV and other freight delivery movements l Support Bristol Airport as the main gateway for
are increasing, due to rising freight volumes, air travel in the South West
impacting on the already congested highway l Support the role of Bristol Port
network
The impact on the built and natural environment,
particularly air quality, means alternative realistic
opportunities need to be investigated for longer
distance freight and people movement.
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