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Proposed building ofNRCP ¥leAR INDIAN COUNCil OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE ON POMEGRANATE
(INDIAN COUNCil OF AGRICULrURAL RESEARCH)
Solapur- 413 255 (Maharashtra) India
Phone: 0217-2374262,2374330 Fax:0217-2374533
E-Mail: nrcpomegranate@indiatimes.com/director@nrcpomegranate.org
Website: www. nrcpomegranate.org
¥leAR
INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
National Research Centre on Pomegranate
Solapur - 413255 (Mabarashtra) India
Phone : 0217-2374262,2374330
Fax 0217-2374533
E-Mail: nrcpomegranate@indiatimes.com
director@nrcpomegranate.org
Website: www. nrcpomegranate.org
Published by
V.T.Jadhav
Director
Correct Citation
NRCP Prespective Plan Vision - 2025
National Research Centre on Pomegranate
Solapur (Mabarashtra) India
August 2007
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- - - - - -uO CONTENTS uO. _ _ - - - - -
FOREWORD
PREFACE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ABBREVIATIONS
1. PREAlvlBLE 1
1.1 Mission 2
1.2 Vision 2
2. MANDATE 2
3. GROWTH 3
3.1 nfrastructure 3
3.2 Budget 5
3.3 -'1anpower 5
4. SALIENT RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS 7
4.1 Crop improvement 7
4.2 Crop production 7
4.3 Crop protection 9
4.4 rransfer of technology 10
5. IMPACT ASSESSMENT 11
6. SCENERIO AND SWOT ANALYSIS 12
6.1 ~cenario 12
6.2 S OT Analysis 13
6.2.1. Strength 13
6.2.2 Weakness 14
6.2.3. Opportunities 14
6.2.4. Threats 14
7. PERSPECTIVES 15
8. ISSUES AND STRATEGIES 17
9. PROGRAMME AND PROJECTS ON TIME SCALE FOR FUND 18
REQUIREMENTS
10. LINKAGE, COORDINATION AND EXECUTION 23
ARRANGEMENTS
10.1 Linkages 23
10.2 Coordination and execution arrangements 24
11. CRITICAL INPUTS 25
11.1 Funds 2~
11.2 Manpower 25
11.3 Human resource development and planning 26
12. RISKS ANALYSIS BASED ON SWOT 27
13. PROJECT REVIEW, REPORTING AND EVALUATION 28
ARRANGEMENTS
14. RESOt;RCE G~}~'ERATIO~ 28
15. OUTPUT PRO.JECTION~ FOR FlJTtTRE USE 29
16. OUTCOME OF INSTITUTION WITH TRADE, INDUSTRIES 30
AND FARMERS
17. EXPORT POTENTIAL AND MARKETABILITY OF 30
RESEARCH OUTPUT AND ITS IMPACT IN WTO REGIME
18. UTILITY OF RESEARCH O{';TCOME TO FARMERS 31
AND END USERS
19. ANTICIPATED CONSTRAINTS 32
20 . ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP 33
o FOREWORD o
Indian agriculture must continuously evolve to remain ever
responsive to manage the change and to meet the growing
and diversified needs of different stakeholders in the entire
production to consumption chain. In order to capitalize on
the opportunities and to convert weaknesses into
opportunities, we at the ICAR attempted to visualize an
alternate agricultural scenario from present to twenty years
hence. In this endeavour, an in-depth analysis of the
Strengths, Weaknesses. Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)
was undertaken to place our research and technology
development efforts in perspective so that we succeed in our
pursuit of doing better than the best. Accordingly, the researchable issues are identified, strategies
drawn and programmes indicated to have commensurate projects and relevant activities
coinciding with the launch ofthe 11 thPive Year Plan.
National Research Centre for Pomegranate, Solapur has identified researchable issues and drawn
strategies for formulation of research programmes on a time scale, which have been suggested
with focus on enhancing genetic resource base through introduction of exotic material and
collection from indigenous sources, characterisation, evaluation for useful traits, utilization and
conservation for posterity; genetic improvement for high productivity, good quality and resistance
to biotic and abiotic stresses and development of protocols for rapid multiplication of quality
planting material. Development of cost effective technologies of crop production with enhanced
water and nutrients use efficiency, organic farming and canopy management; crop protection
including IPM and post harvest management for minimizing losses and diversification of
processed products has been given due emphasis. The necessary linkages have been identified
with relevant institutions at the national and international levels for exchange of scientific
information and genetic material.
It is expected that realizing the vision embodied in the document would further ensure that the
NRC for Pomegranate, Solapur continues to fulfill its mandate to make Indian agriculture locally,
regionally and globally competitive. The efforts and valuable inputs provided by my colleagues
at the ICAR Headquarters and by the Director and his team at the Institute level for over an year to
develop Vision 2025 deserve appreciation
(MAN GALA RAI)
Secretary, Department of Agricultural Research & Education
and
Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research
March 2007 Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road, Krishi Bhawan,
New Delhi 110001, India March, 2007
PREFACE o National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur (Maharashtra), was established on June 16, 2005, by the Indian Council ofAgricultural Research, New Delhi, as a step to strengthen research and development infrastructure for pomegranate crop. Universities and institutes all over the world are having research programmes on pomegranate, but this is the only institution working solely on pomegranate. The centre was established visualizing the increasing demand both for domestic consumption and export, as we have immense production potential in the country. Pomegranate is a high value crop. Entire tree of pomegranate is of great economic importance. Apart from its demand for fresh fruits and juice, the processed products like wine and candy are also gaining importance in world trade. All parts of pomegranate tree have great therapeutic value and use in leather and dying industry. Demand in the international market has widened the scope for earning higher dividends from this crop. Profits up to 1.5 lakhslhalannum have been demonstrated by some growers. It is, therefore, a highly remunerative crop for replacing subsistence farming and thus alleviating poverty levels. It is an ideal crop for the sustainability of small holdings, as pomegranate is well suited to the topography and agro-climate of arid and semi- arid regions. In addition, it provides nutritional security, has high potentials to develop wastelands widely available in the region and :!!1 ideal crop for diversification. Moreover, it can make higher contribution to GDP with a small area. There has been a steady increase in area and production in the country. It is proposed that by the year 2025, the area under pomegranate is projected to increase to 7.5 lakhs ha, from 1.25 lakhs ha at present. Consequently production is expected to increase by 10 folds and export by 6.97 folds by the year 2025. To achieve these targets coordinated and sustained efforts are required by all concerned with pomegranate research and development. We have to orient our research programmes to develop sustainable technologies by making best use of the opportunities to meet the increasing demands and challenges. Potential areas for pomegranate cultivation will have to be identified and non traditional areas will be explored for its cultivation. Though pomegranate can tolerate water stress, it responds well to irrigation and fertigation. Developing Hi-tech micro-irrigation systems for water management will therefore be a priority. Desirable traits need to be introduced in existing commercial varieties and transgenic lines need to be developed through biotechnology. Rapid multiplication of desired propagating material will be achieved through tissue culture technology. The centre- a year and a quarter in existence -presents its first perspective plan through Vision 2025. It presents the basic framework of research and development proposed by the centre. The
perspective plan emphasizes the methods of achieving the targets through scientific, profitable, ecofriendly and innovative technologies for cultivation, both in traditional as well as non traditional areas thereby, expanding pomegranate area and production. Emphasis will also be given to promote processing and value addition. Expansion of export offresh fruits and processed products will be achieved through organic farming and managing pesticide residues in fruits, which have acceptance in international market. I acknowledge with thanks the valuable suggestions and guidance from Dr. Mangala Rai, Secretary DARE and Director General; Dr. Nawab Ali, Deputy Director General (Engg. and Hort.); Dr. G. Kalloo former Deputy Director General (Hort.) and Dr. S.N. Pandey, Assistant Director General (Hort.), leAR, New Delhi. Sincere thanks are due to all the scientists of this centre for the inputs given by them and their efforts in making the document. Solapur (V.T. Jadhav) January 12, 2007 Director
- - -_....Q EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ~o---- The National Research Centre on Pomegranate (NRCP) was approved in Xth plan in June 2005 by the Indian council of Agricultural Research to carry out basic, strategic and applied research on pomegranate so as to help increase its production, productivity and utilization. The basic infrastructural and research facilities are being developed which would take at least 5 years to solve some ofthe problems of pomegranate growers. The Xth plan budget ofthe centre under plan is Rs. 692.5 lakhs. The sanctioned staff strength during the Xth plan is 45 (Scientific 14, Technical 14, Administrative 7 and Supporting 10). At present Soil Science, Plant Pathology and Horticulture laboratories have been strengthened to start some resyarch work. More than 75 orchards of pomegranate were surveyed in Maharashtra and Karnataka to assess the problems of the farmers and existing cultural practices followed. Forty native germplasm of pomegranate from Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh were collected. Besides, some breeding materials and varieties were also collected from IIHR and MPKV Bacterial blight, wilt, lack of elite planting materials, physiological disorders and post-harvest problems have been identified that need immediate attention to promote pomegranate industry. Looking into WTO and IPR the future research will focus on enhancing of germplasm, their characterization, documentation and in situ and ex situ conservation, evolving of high yielding and good quality varieties possessing resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, genetic engineering, developing protocols of propagation for mass and fast multiplication, enhancing water and nutrient use efficiency using micro-irrigation system. Besides, emphasis will also be given on organic farming, IPM, lPNS, utilization of sewage and sludge and saline water, nutrient dynamics, canopy management, prevention of post harvest losses and product diversification, watershed management water harvesting etc. In order to meet the growing challenges in pomegranate, HRD and TOT activities would be taken up as per the needs. Acquiring expertise and building infrastructure in the emerging field ofbio- technology, bio-control, micro propagation, micro-irrigation and chemigation, advanced post- harvest techniques, remote sensing, GIS, pesticide residue analysis would be a priority to effectively carry out the tasks. The modem facility for national field gene bank for ex situ conservation would be created. Development of linkages from ICAR, SAD's, CSIR, DBT and international organization would help evolve national policies and mechanisms to complete the committed tasks as envisaged in the proposed perspective plan for 2025. The total tentative budget for the plan would be about 86.67 crores. The major research programmes identified in the perspective plan document are mentioned below.
.:. Collection, cataloguing, evaluation, documentation and conservation of pomegranate
germplasm and setting up data base .
•:. Establishment of National Field Gene Bank of pomegranate
.:. Development of high yielding varieties with better quality and resistance against biotic
and abiotic stresses
.:. Molecular characterization and gene mapping
.:. Development of protocols for mass multiplication
.:. Development of transgenic for desirable traits .
•:. Standardization of propagation techniques for fast multiplication
.:. Exploitation of PGR for crop production .
•:. Development of production technologies for organic production
.:. Studies on IPNS and nutrient dynamics
.:. Enhancing water and nutrient use efficiency through micro-processor based irrigation and
fertigation system.
•:. Development of soil and water conservation measures
.:. Studies on etiology and epidemiology of important diseases .
•:. Exploitation ofbio-agents for nutrition, propagation and plant protection measures
.:. Developing IPM technologies
.:. Insect-pest management
.:. Pesticide residue management
.:. Reduction of post harvest losses by developing appropriate post harvest technologies.- - -----8 ABBREVIATIONS ..
8----
ARO Agricultural Research Organization
BHU Banaras Hindu University
CAZRI Central Arid Zone Research Institute
CD Compact Disc
CFTRI Central Food Technological Research Institute
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CIAE Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
CIAH Central Institute of Arid Horticulture
CINADCO Center for International Agricultural Development Cooperation
CIPHET Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology .
CIRCOT Central Institute of Research for Cotton Technology
CISH Central Institute of Sub- tropical Horticulture
CPWD Central Public Works Department
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
CSSRI Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
CSWCRTI Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute
DBT Department of Bio-technology
DST Department of Science and Technology
HRD Human Resource Development
IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute
ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Resear~h
IIHR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research
IISS Indian Institute of Soil Science
IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute
IPM Integrated Pest Management
IPNS Integrated Plant Nutrient System
IPR Intellectual Property Rights
ISRO Indian Space Research Organization
JRF Junior Research Fellow
MAU Marathwada Agricultural University
MPKV Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidypeeth
NAIP National Agricultural Innovative Project
NBAIM National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms
NBPGR National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
NCIPM National Centre for Integrated Pest Management
NGO Non Government Organization
NISTADS National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies
NRCAF National Research Centre for Agro-forestry
NRCP National Research Centre on Pomegranate
NRCPB National Research Centre for Plant Bio- technology
PDBC Project Directorate of Biological Control
PGR Plant Growth Regulators
PPFM Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrops
R&D Research and Development
RAC Research Advisory Committee
RMP Research Management Position
SAD'S State Agricultural Universities
SRC Staff Research Council
TES Turkmenistan Experimental Station
TOT Transfer of Technology
VAM Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae
WTC Water Technology Centre
WTO World Trade Organization2025
PREAMBLE
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a native of Iran and its domestication had been reported in
2000 BC. Since then its cultivation started throughout the Mediterranean regions ofAsia, Africa and
Europe. Presently it is grown in most parts of tropical and subtropical countries like India, Iran,
Egypt, Spain, Morocco, Syria, Afghanistan, Baluchistan and to some extent in Israel, Myanmar,
China, Japan and USA. In general, it prefers a semi-arid mild temperate to subtropical climate and is
adapted to regions with cool winters and hot summers but its wild forms have also been reported in
cold regions. The crop can tolerate drought, this may therefore be an excellent choice under arid and
semi arid conditions.
Pomegranate is a high value crop, mostly used as fresh fruit, and up to some extent for processing
purposes. It has a long shelflife and is an ideal fruit for long distance transport and prolonged storage.
India ranks first in production (11.4 lakh tonnes) in the world and contributes about 60-70% to the
international pomegranate trade by exporting 12,035 tonnes fruit worth Rs 258.7 millions, annually.
Almost 80% of the pomegranate comes from Deccan Plateau, mainly from Maharashtra, which has
an area of87 ,552 ha out of 1.251akh ha area under pomegranate in India. And rest ofthe contribution
is from other states like Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Guj arat, Raj asthan, and Tamil N adu.
It responds well to hi-tech horticultural practices specially drip irrigation. Keeping in view the
availability of land, suitability of agro climatic conditions and its vast potentials both for domestic
consumption and export, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi established the
th
National Research Centre on Pomegranate at Solapur (Maharashtra) on June 16, 2005 during the X
th
Plan. The foundation stone was, however, laid down on 25 September, 2005 by the Union Minister
ofAgriculture, Sri Sharad Pawar, at Kegaon, Solapur.1.1 Mission
To establish repository of pomegranate genetic resources and develop suitable technologies for
sustainable production and utilization to meet domestic and export demand.
1.2. Vision
Promotion of pomegranate industry for enhancing production, utilization and export.
MANDATE
* To develop suitable varieties with high yield potential and quality fruits having resistance to
biotic and abiotic stresses.
* To undertake, basic, strategic and applied research for developing production and post harvest
technologies.
* To act as national repository of pomegranate
* To provide consultancy on pomegranate
* To transfer technology to pomegranate growers3
GROWTH
3.1 Infrastructure
3.1.1 Research Farm
The Government of Maharashtra has provided 59.31 ha land in Kegaon and Hiraj villages in two
patches. One patch of 15.83 ha is at Kegaon along the National Highway No.9 and the other of 42.93
ha is in Hiraj village with a provision of 0.55 ha land for a connecting road between two patches.
Land at Kegaon has already been developed for the establishment of Office- cum -laboratory
building, Farm complex including dug and bore wells, Electric substation, water reservoir, and over
head water tank. Various blocks for experimental purpose and establishment of field gene bank have
been laid out. The land at Hiraj has also been cleared for experimental purpose. The works on front
side compound wall with aesthetic gates and three sides barbed wire fencing and two bore wells have
been completed. Plan layout of office- cum- laboratory building has been finalized and money
deposited to the CPWD. Farm implements viz. Heavy tractor with trolley, spray pump, water tanker,
disc harrow, disc plough, reversible mould plough, dozer and other accessories, Mini tractor with
accessories and Air compressor have been procured for different field operations .
.a. - ""', .. - .a.- "" .. -
-"_ E4 - .. ~.... .. D 4
I'Main Gate Meteorological Observation
At present Centre has been housed in the office building of Centre on Rabi Sorghum;Shelgi, Solapur,
as proposed office- cum -laboratory building of NRC on Pomegranate has yet to come up at Kegaon.
Soil science, Plant pathology and Horticulture laboratories have been developed and the following
laboratory equipments have been procured for research purpose.
Spectrophotometer UV-Vis Microscope with digital camera
BOD incubators Leaf area meter
Deep freezer Refrigf"r::ttors
Flame photometer Distillation unit
Laminar air flow Conductivity meter
Autoclave Hot air oven
Horizontal shaker Digital camera
pH meter Muffle furnace
Electronic balances Water purification system
For TOT activities, the following central facilities have also been developed.
LCD Projector with screen Computers
Laptop computer Laser and inkjet printers
Coloured printers Scanner
Scanner Xerox machine
Fax machine UPS
Air conditioners Air coolers
Water coolers Furniture3.1.2 Library
A library has been setup and books and Journals of different disciplines viz Horticulture, Plant
pathology, Entomology, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Soil science, Soil and water conservation
engineering and Post harvest technology have been purchased/subscribed.
3.2. Budget (Rs. In Lakh)
3.2.1 XthPlan
lh
S. Head X Plan Revised Xlh Non-plan Total
No outlay Plan outlay
A Recurring Contingencies
Establishment 28.00 44.00 44.00
11 TA 06.00 6.0 6.0
111 Contingencies (Other Charges) 6S.00 49.00 49.00
IV HRD 01.00 1.00 1.00
B Non Recurring contingencies
I Equipment 7S.00 10S.00 10S.00
11 Works 133.0 470.0 470.0
111 Library 04.50 4.S0 4.S0
IV Vehicle (Staff Car) 07.00 7.00 7.00
V FurniturelFixture 06.00 6.00 6.00
VI Land
V11 Live stock
Total 325.50 692.50 692.50
3.3. Man Power*
Category Sanctioned Existing Requirement
Scientific including RMP 14 08 06
Technical 14 02 12
Administrative 07 04 03
Supporting 10 02 08
Total 4S 16 29
* As per Xth Plan documentSolapur
3.2.2 Head wise outlay proposed in xth Plan
NRC on Pomegranate, Solapur
(Rs in lakh)
Plan Budget
Pay & Allowances RS.450.048
T.A. Rs.39.84
Contingencies include. HRD Rs.676.45
Equipment Rs.979.65
Works Rs.1293.0
Library Rs.48.5
Vehicles Rs.37.0
Furniture I Fixture Rs.170.0
Information system Rs.21.90
Total Rs. 3716.388
Non-Plan Budget
Pay & Allowances Rs.320.606
T.A. Rs.24.31
Contingencies include. HRD RS.275.25
Equipment
Works
Library
Vehicles
Furniture I Fixture
Total Rs.620.166
Grand Total Rs. 4336.5542025
SALIENT RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS
4.1 Crop improvement
* A national pomegranate gene bank has been established in 2006. More than 85 accessions
collected from different places.
4.2 Crop production
* In all 75 orchards were surveyed, 15 in Nashik and 60 in Solapur district during December 2005 -
July 2006.
* Ganesh, Bhagwa, Phule Arakta and Mridula were the important pomegranate cultivars grown in
Solapur and Nashik with cv. Bhagwa covering the maximum area.
Area occupied by different Pomegranate cultivars in Maharashtra
Arakta and Mridula
7%
Bhagwa
Ganesh 53%
40%* Air layering (gootee) was the most cornmon method of propagation.
* Multistem (2-4 branches) system of training was being followed by growers and plants were
kept in proper shape through pruning.
* All pomegranate orchards revealed drip irrigation, in addition some orchards had also irrigation
channels.
* Sole cropping system was more cornmon. Intercropping with gram, watermelon, onion and
brinjal was also practiced in some ofthe orchards ofl-3 year age.
* Use ofFYM and NPK fertilizers was cornmon. However, some growers also applied neem cake
at the time of bahar treatment.
* Majority of the growers practiced Hasta bahar , while others practiced Ambe and Mrig bahars.
* Analysis of soil samples, revealed that pomegranate was cultivated in all soil types in the state
from Lithic ustorthems to typic haplustrs .
* Soil pH varied between 7.6 to 8.1, EC between 0.16 to 0.31 dS/m, organic carbon between 0.92
and 1.43 %.
* Soil fertility status showed that available N, P and K ranged from 196 to 266,8.61 to 19.2 and
179.0 to 627.0 kg/ha, respectively while soil Micro Nutrients Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were present in
sufficient range.
Important cultivars of pomegranate grown in district Solapur
Ganesh Bhagwa
Revolutionised pomegranate High demand for export
cultivation in Maharashtra
Phule Arakta Mridula
High yielding cultivar Superior to other cultivars4.3 Crop protection
* Surveys of82 pomegranate orchards in the State were carried out to identify the major diseases,
disorders and insect pests in the region.
* Diseased samples collected during the surveys were observed under the microscope and used for
isolating the pathogens in pure culture.
* The main diseases observed during the surveys were bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas
axonopodis pv. punicae (upto 100.0% severity in some orchards), Pomegranate wilt (70.0%
severity), known to be a complex problem due to association of abiotic (improper drainage and
heavy soils) and biotic (association of pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani,
Ceratocystis fimbriata) factors.
* Other diseases of minor importance were leaf and fruit spots ( 5-60% severity) caused by
Cercospora punicae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria alternata, and fruit rot
(13.63%) caused by Rhizopus spp., Penicillium spp., and Colletotrichum spp.)
* The major disorders observed were (i) Internal breakdown of arils( ii) Sun scald and (iii) Fruit
cracking.
* No commercially growing cultivar was found resistant to either bacterial blight or
pomegranate wilt.
* Amongst insect pests fruit borer (Deudorix isocrates) infestation was observed in 13.6%
orchards. Stem borer (Coelosterna isocrates) and bark eating caterpillar (lnderbela
quadrinotata) were also observed in some orchards.
* Besides, aphids, white flies, mites and nematodes were prevalent in isolated orchards.
Important diseases
Symptoms
Bacterial blight (Oily spot) Wilt
Leaf and fruit spots Fruit rotSolapur
Status of pomegranate diseases in Solapur and
Nashik districts of Maharashtra
• Solapur • Nashlk
100
Wilt
BO
60
.. 0
20
0
p s p s
100 Leaf I fruit spot 100 Fruit rot
80 BO
e
B 60 60
:;; .. 0 40
a...
20 20
0 0
p s p s
P: Prevalence I: Incidence S: Severity
Status of fruit borer and aboitic disorders of pomegranate
in Solapur and Nashik districts of Maharashtra
iEI SuI2PU~ • Hashik
Fruit borer
60
50
i 40
.
~
... 20
30
10
o
p s
Fruit cracking
100
80
60
40
20
o
p
Sun scald
p s
P: Prevalence I: Incidence S: Severity
4.4 Transfer of technology
Training programmes were arranged by the centre to impart training to growers on crop production,
crop protection and soil water conservation measures.
o5
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
As the centre has been in existence since September 2005, R&D activities are in progress and hence,
the impact assessment is yet not possible. Impact of pomegranate cultivation has ,however, been
assessed in Tippehalli village in Solapur district of Maharashtra by Rajeswari S. Raina, National
Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies (NISTADS), New Delili. Before
adopting pomegranate cultivation in 1997/98 almost entire families of 350 households from this
village migrated to work as labourers during water deficient days to adjoining richer neighbourhood,
but after adopting pomegranate cultivation today less than 40 families, usually males migrated. The
living standards of the growers have improved to a great extent and they accept that this change was
possible only through pomegranate cultivation. Today above 445 ha of pomegranate is grown in this
village compared to only 40 ha in 1997/98. This fruit crop has improved socio-economic status of the
people, particularly in Solapur and surrounding areas where agricultural economy is dependent on
only few rabi crops.
Impact scenario of TippehaUi village in Solapur district of Maharashtra before and after
pomegranate innovation system
S. No Before 1997/98 After 2003
1. 40 ha pomegranate was grown Above 445 ha pomegranate grown, with a
profit of 1.5 lakhsl household/year
11. Almost entire families of 350 Only males from around 40 families migrate
household migrated
111. Only two agri- input dealers Several agri- input dealers
IV. Had rabi sorghum, few vegetables Had in addition wheat, rice, many vegetables
and meat as food items and poultry as food items.
v. Living standards poor ( only 2 Improved living standards (50 motorcycles, 7
bicycles, no literacy or schooling) trucks, two tractors, 6 jeeps, bicycles in
almost all households, residential
schooling)NRCP Solapur
SCENARIO AND SWOT ANALYSIS
6.1 Scenario
Realizing the potential and compatibility of pomegranate crop in arid and semi -arid zones coupled
with availability of subsidized drip irrigation kits, high yielding export variety and demonstration of
good gains, growers in Maharashtra started adopting pomegranate cultivation. Today, Maharashtra
accounts for 87,552 ha area out of 1.25 lakh ha in India. Kamataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat,
Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu are the other contributing states.
Pomegranate area in India and major districts of Maharashtra (2004-05)
ii~
~
~
~
~.. ~... ~
F
~
,~ 'b-~ ~'b-q ~.2825
India ranks first in pomegranate production (11.4lakh tonnes) in the world and contributes about 60-
70 % to the international pomegranate trade by exporting about 1% of its production which is 19,652
tonnes (2005-06).
Increase in pomegranate area production and export in India
2003-04 2004-05
[]Area (x1000ha) 0 Production (x 1000 tonnes) • Export (x 1000 tonnes)
More than 25 pomegranate varieties are grown in different parts ofIndia, however, in Maharashtra,
Bhagwa, Ganesh, Mridula and Phule Arakta are the main cultivars, though, Bhagwa and Ganesh
occupy the major area. All varieties are susceptible to major diseases and insect pests. During recent
years bacterial blight and wilt diseases have threatened pomegranate industry in Maharashtra and
adjoining states. Plant protection measures followed by the growers are inadequate to check these
dreaded diseases. The centre has a challenging task ahead of developing high yielding disease
resistant varieties acceptable in the international market. There is an urgent need to promote post
harvest processing as at present India processes hardly 2.0% ofthe total produce.
6.2 SWOT Analysis
6.2.1 Strength
* Arid and semi-arid regions which are most suitable for pomegranate production are available
the country.
* Deep/ shallow / rocky / black soils of arid and semi-arid regions strengthen pomegranate
cultivation.
* Pomegranate is hardy by nature and adaptable to wide range of agro-climatic conditions
available in India.
* Large areas of marginal and calcareous waste lands found unsuitable for major agricultural
crops can be utilized for its cultivation.
* The crop has great export potential as only India, Spain, Israel and Iran are major commercial
pomegranate growers.Solapur
* Entire tree is of great economic value. It has high medicinal value and also finds immense use in
leather and dying industry.
* Ample demand of processed products and byproducts.
* AvailabilityofAgri-ExportZone in the country.
6.2.2 Weaknesses
* Non availability of disease and insect pests resistant varieties
* Non availability of elite planting materials free from insect pests and diseases.
* Lack of early and synchronized flowering varieties.
* Non availability oflow cost packaging materials.
* Inadequate processing, marketing and export facilities,
6.2.3 Opportunities
* There is demand offruits from winter season crop (November- February) for export on premium
prices to Middle East and European countries.
* Exploitation ofthe fruit crop through out the year as per thp local conditions and market demand.
* High demand of value added products like fruit juice, concentrate, wine, jelly, jam etc. can be
promoted through product diversification and value addition.
* The vast organic resources available in the country can be exploited to produce organic
pomegranate that has high demand in international market.
* Subsidised drip irrigation system is available in the country which can be exploited for
production.
* Adequate infrastructure for R&D available within the country can be exploited.
6.2.4 Threats
* Diseases and insect pests are the major threats to pomegranate cultivation.
* Indiscriminate use of pesticides leading to pesticide residues are the major threats in export.
* Export competition from South East Asian countries is increasing at a fast rate for which the
country has to compete.
* Native pomegranate biodiversity is eroding due to deforestation and area expansion for arable
crops.
Keeping in view the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, the National Research
Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur has to playa vital role in the R&D activities .
..1:4PERSPECTIVE Assured market stability is most essential for the development of any crop based industry. Pomegranate is becoming export oriented crop for the last one decade and its area and production is increasing with a faster pace. Its demand for internal consumption and export is a driving force for promotion of its cultivation in the country. Consequently, Maharashtra is a leading state for production of pomegranate which is contributing more than 80%. At present major produce is consumed as fresh fruit in India and hardly 2% of the produce is processed and 1% exported which is very low as compared to other pomegranate growing countries like Spain, Israel, Iran, Egypt etc. The fruit has high nutritive and therapeutic value. This is a very hardy crop and is most suitable in semi -arid and arid region ofthe country. Moreover, income generation per unit area is also quite high as compared to other fruit crops grown in dry areas. With the aggressive market campaigning projecting these quality and nutritive feature, the international demand is expected to increase. To maintain and sustain the competitive edge and share in the world market under WTO regime, it is necessary to produce adequate quantity of food materials to meet the internal demand and also to promote export. At present, export demand is more from European and South East Asian countries. No doubt, South East Asian countries might be competitors in years to come and thus quality production having minimum pesticide residue level will get better demand and such produce will also pay premium price within the country. This is also observed that the major production of the fruit is coming from the marginal and sub marginal lands (degraded or low fertile waste lands). Therefore, such trend will check the land degradation and bring environmental protection in long run. Besides, it would generate rural employment and improve socio-economic condition of the farmers . Hence, cost effective and eco-friendly technologies, for enhancing productivity and production as well as fruit utilization, are to be developed. Area expansion may be sought from non- traditional areas too that can cater the needs of local market and processing industries for product
diversification and value addition. It may also be necessary to develop packaging technologies that
should be cost effective to minimize the cost of production and promote mechanization (cultivation
and processing).However, further demand in dye & tanning industries and also for ornamental
purposes is expected to a considerable extent in years to come. Therefore, for transforming these
perspectives into reality, sound and economically viable technologies are to be developed following
basic, strategic and applied research programmes so that area could be increased from 1.25 lakh ha to
7.5 lakh ha, production from ll.4lakh to 114lakh tonnes, export from 0.1235 lakh to 0.8380 lakh
tonnes and export value from 25 .87 crore to 183.9 crore rupees in next 20 years.
Expected Increase in area, production and export
of pomegranate by the year 2005
1~u,r-------------~
100+----------1
80+----- -
60+--------------
40+----------:
20+----:
o.....___._
Area (x lakh Production (x Export (x Export Value
hal lakh tonnes» thousand (x10crore Rs)
tonnes)ISSUES AND STRATEGIES
The main issue in the future research and development is to enhance the production and productivity
through sustainable and eco-friendly technologies. Some of the strategies required to be adopted to
achieve higher production and productivity are mentioned below.
* Bringing more area under pomegranate cultivation particularly in arid and semi-arid regions of
the country and also in non-traditional areas with improved varieties.
* Attention on germplasm conservation, propagation for mass and fast multiplication, nutrition
and soil water conservation is to be given.
* Developing varieties possessing high yield potential, better quality and resistance against biotic
and a biotic stresses.
* Enhancing water and nutrient use efficiency through micro-processor based irrigation and
fertigation system.
* Reduction of post-harvest losses by developing appropriate post-harvest technologies.
* Exploitation ofbio -agents for nutrition, propagation and plant protection.
* For food safety, pesticide residue management and IPM need immediate attention.
* Watershed management following soil and water conservation measures may be taken on
priority basis for sustainable production.
* Creation of marketing, export and storage facilities.PROGRAMME AND PROJECTS ON TIME
SCALE FOR FUND REQUIREMENTS
Programme and Projects Time Infrastructure Manpower Funding Agency
Frame & Other Costs Cost ICAR/others
1. Crop improvement
Collection, evaluation, cataloguing, 2005-2025 225 45 ICAR
documentation and conservation of lothers
indigenous and exotic gerf;'pla3m
Evolving high yielding varieties with 2007-2022 100 50 ICAR!
desirable traits like high TSS and ascorbic others
acid, bold soft seeded arils, bigger fruit
(> SOOg), resistance against bacterial
blight, wilt, fruit borer and other pests
& abiotic stresses (cracking, internal
break down of arils, cold hardiness etc. )
Evolving high yielding varieties with 2010-2023 80 20 ICAR
dwarf and semi-dwarf growth habits
suitable for high density planting.
Breeding of early varieties 2010-2025 50 15 ICAR
Mutation and polyploidy breeding 2008-2023 110 30 ICAR
2. Crop production
Standardization of propagation 2007-2020 250 25 ICAR
techniques for fast multiplication
Evaluation ofvarieties under different 2008-2022 250 30 ICAR!
agro-climatic conditions others
Standardization ofnursery raising 2006-2010 220 25 ICAR
techniques; ~~"4- .... ~""T
~ • 1>; _ '. _
Programme and Projects Time Infrastructure Manpower Funding Agency
Frame & Other Costs Cost ICAR/others
Induction of roots in cuttings with PGR 2009-2015 50 25 ICARlothers
and bio-formulations
Evaluation of pomegranate based farming 2008-2018 85 08 ICAR
systems
Studies on orchard rejuvenation 2010-2015 100 50 ICAR
Identification of dwarfing root stock 2006-2015 50 20 ICAR
Studies on canopy management 2008-2015 100 50 ICAR
Standardization of planting density 2010-2020 20 25 ICAR
and system
Evaluation of efficiency of slow release 2008-2020 25 20 ICARI
nitrogenous fertilizers others
Physiological studies in pomegranate for 2010-2020 150 50 ICARI
flowering, improving productivity and others
quality of fruit
Exploration ofbio- agents (VAM, N fixers, 2008-2015 150 50 ICARI
P Solubilizers and Photosphere agents like others
PPFM) in crop productivity
Studies on integrated plant nutrient 2007-2015 100 45 ICAR!
system (IPNS) others
Studies on macro and micro nutrient 2010-2015 50 25 ICAR
deficiencies and their amelioration
Leaf sampling technique to identify 2008-2015 20 15 ICAR
nutrient deficiency
Nutrient uptake pattern of different 2008-2015 50 20 ICAR
types and varieties of pomegranate
in different soil types
Use of saline water, sewage and sludge 2008-2018 85 15 ICAR!
for pomegranate production in relation others
to possible uptake of heavy and toxic
metals in fruits.
Nutrient uptake and transformation 2008-2025 105 50 ICAR!
studies with the help of isotopes. others
Creation of data base for short and long 2010-2020 85 25 ICARI
term impacts in in situ rainfall and others
moisture conservation practices.Programme and Projects Time Infrastructure Manpower Funding Agency
Frame & Other Costs Cost ICAR/others
Evaluation of percolation tanks and 200S-2020 300 50 ICAR!
other water harvesting structures in others
augmentation of ground water recharging.
Development of micro-processor based 2007-2020 400 50 ICAR!
irrigation and fertigation schedules others
Evaluation of advanced surface and 2010-201S 450 50 ICAR!
sub-surface irrigation systems others
Development of moisture conservation 200S-2015 20 15 ICAR!
techniques others
Use ofremote sensing and geographical 2010-2020 300 30 ICAR!
information system for planning, designing others
and monitoring the water harvesting system
and forecasting.
Creation of soma clonal variation 2012-2023 50 25 ICAR!
others
Developing protocols for mass multiplication 2015-2020 250 50 ICAR!
through micro-propagation techniques others
Molecular characterization of gerrnplasm 2007-2022 250 40 ICAR!
and gene mapping others
Developing transgenic plants for 2010-2020 350 50 ICAR!
desirable traits others
4. Crop protection
Periodical surveys to get information on 2005-2020 20 10 ICAR
status of pomegranate diseases and insect
pests in grower's field and plant protection
measures being followed by them.
---
Studies on economically important diseases 2006-2010 25 12 ICAR
of pomegranate with special emphasis on
bacterial blight and their control.
Studies on pomegranate wilt to ascertain 2006-2011 S5 15 ICAR
exact etiology and epidemiology and
develop effective IDM schedules.Programme and Projects Time Infrastructure Manpower Funding Agency
Frame & Other Costs Cost ICAR/others
Identification of the factors associated 2008-2015 50 15 ICAR}
with internal breakdown and fruit cracking others
in pomegranate with a view to ascertain
association of biotic factors if any and
formulate methods to reduce losses
due to them.
To identify post harvest diseases and 2007-2020 80 15 ICAR!
develop integrated management strategies others
to reduce storage and transit losses.
Studies on virus/ virus like organisms 2010-2020 20 20 ICAR}
associated, if any with pomegranate others
crop, factors including vectors responsible
for their spread, losses associated and
management strategies.
Development of improved diagnostic tools 2010-2025 25 20 ICAR!
for the detection of major diseases and others
production of disease free planting material.
Identification, production and evaluation 2008-2025 80 20 ICAR!
of existing / new bio-formulations and others
bio-control agents for the management
of pomegranate diseases and insect pests.
To develop eco-friendly plant protection 2008-2020 25 20 ICAR!
measures including cultural practices to others
manage pomegranate diseases and insect pests.
----
Identification of sources of resistance/ 2010-2020 100 50 ICAR!
tolerance against major diseases in the others
germplasm and basic studies on resistance
mechanism.
Evaluation of different pesticide residues 2010-2025 300 50 ICAR!
in pomegranate and formulation of others
strategies to manage them.
Development of forecasting models for 2010-2022 50 20 ICAR!
major diseases, to reduce indiscriminate others
use of pesticides.
Studies on mycorrhiza associated with 2008-2020 85 40 ICARI
pomegranate crop and their effect on others
diseases and yield.Programme and Projects Time Infrastructure Manpower Funding Agency
Frame & Other Costs Cost ICAR/others
5. Post harvest management
Development of value added products 2010-2020 300 30 leAR!
others
Studies on storage behaviour of fruit with 2008-2015 25 30 leAR!
reference to physico- chemical changes others
Determination of maturity indices 2010-2015 5 10 leAR
Prolonging storage life of pomegranate 2010-2015 20 20 leARJ
fruits others
Development of aril separator and juice 2010-2020 250 30 leAR!
extractor others
Development oflow cost structure for 2008-2015 100 25 leARJ
pomegranate storage others
Designing and deveiopr:lent of 2010-20]5 50 40 leARJ
automatic grader others
Designing and development of high 2008-2018 50 30 leARJ
performance system for drying ofarils others
for anar-dana
Developing low cost packaging materials 2007-2012 150 30 leARJ
~ ..1___
Ull1~lll --
6. Transfer of technology
Studies on present status of pomegranate 2005-2010 10 15 leAR
cultivation, diseases and insect pests and
socio-economic constraints
Cost of cultivation of pomegranate under 2008-2015 15 12 leAR
different agro- climatic conditions
Establishment of database, E book and 2006-2015 50 25 leAR!
digital photo library on pomegranate others
--
Case study of successful/unsuccessful 2015-2020 15 10 leARJ
pomegranate growers/ nursery others
---
Imparting training for hi-tech cultivation 2015-2025 25 30 leARJ
and nursery management others
--
Organization of Kisan melas and 2006-2025 15 25 leARJ
demonstrations of improved technologies othersLINKAGE, COORDINATION AND
EXECUTION ARRANGEMENTS
10.1 Linkages
For completion of the outlined programme, establishment of linkages with different organization
particularly research institutes in India and abroad is essentially needed in future. The linkages to be
established in the major areas of work are mentioned below.
10.1.1 Data bank and germplasm
* Collaboration with ICAR Fruit Research Institutes / Centres / NRC's, State Horticulture /
Agriculture Departments, SAU's, Turkmenistan Experimental Station (TES), University of
California and Centre for International Agricultural Development Cooperation (CINADCO),
Israel to exchange data and germplasm of pomegranate.
* There is need to develop network of local level researchers across the country for germplasm
exploration fromNBPGR, New Delhi and SAU's.
* The collaborative programme will also focus on HRD to exchange the research capabilities
of researchers involving experts under the network.
10.1.2 Genetic characterisation
* NRC for Plant Biotechnology (NRCPB), New Delhi, Banaras Hindu University (BHU),
Varanasi, NBPGR, IPGRI, Rome, MPKV, Rahuri, MAU,Parbhani and IIHR, Bangalore for
collaborative works on genetic characterization of pomegranate germplasm.
10.1.3 Soil and water conservation
* WTC, New Delhi, MAU, IAR!, ICAR Research complex for Eastern Region, ,Patna, IISS &
CIAE, Bhopal, CSSRI, Kamal, CAZRI, Jodhapur, NRC for Agroforesty, Jhansi, CS & WCR &
n, Dehradun, ISRO, Bangalore, Centre for International Agricultural DevelopmentCooperation (CINADCO), Israel, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) , Israel and
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO),Australia.
10.1.4 Organic farming
* CISH, Lukhnow, PDBC, Bangalore, MAU, IARI, IIHR, CIAH,NBAIM, Mau Nath Bhanjan
10.1.5 Plant protection
* IARI, MPKV, MAU, IIHR, PDBC, Bangalore; NCIPM, New Delhi, University of Cali fomi a,
USA
10.1.6 Post harvest technology
* CIPHET, Ludhiana, CFTRI, Mysore, MPKV, MAU, CIRCOT, Mumbai and CIAE, University
Laval, Canada, South Atlantic Area Citrus and Subtropical Products Laboratory, U.S.A.
University ofAlberta, Alberta,ARO, University of Georgia, Georgia and Department of Natural
Resources Institute, Kent
10.2 Coordination and execution arrangements
The centre would under tak~ w()rk on collection, ca~;:.loguing, evaluation, maintenance of
pomegranate germplasm resources, establishing field gene bank (National repository on
Pomegranate), carry out cryo-preservation studies, molecular characterization, mass multiplication
through tissue culture, and initiating in situ conservation programmes. Activities concerning to in-
situ conservation will be taken up in Himalayan regions in collaboration ofNBPGR regional stations
and SAD's. The work on genetic characterization, database and gene banking on pomegranate
germplasm needs to be intensified on priority basis at Solapur and the centre has to be strengthened
immediately with more man power and modern research facilities. Under crop improvement
programme exotic and indigenous gerrnplasm will be collected and desirable characters would be
incorporated in high yielding varieties particularly against biotic and abiotic stresses involving
collaborating partners. Similarly, the works on organic farming, soil and water conservation,
propagation, canopy management, lPNS, micro-irrigation, crop regulation, post harvest
management, IPM, bio-control, residues management etc. would be conducted at the centre in
collaboration with the cooperating centers as per needs. The research coordination and management
unit of the centre would assist the Director in coordinating the research activities of the centre based
on inputs from RAC and feed back on the progress of work as evaluated by the SRC. In order to meet
the diverse and emerging requirements of pomegranate, various research teams would be made to
achieve the targets fixed in the vision 2025.CRITICAL INPUTS
11.1 Funds
The tentative fund requirement for the research programmes are indicated below:
(Rs. in lakhs)
S. Programmes Infrastructure Manpower Total cost
No. other cost (A) cost (B) (A+B)
1. Crop improvement 565 160 725
2. Crop production 3445 788 4233
3. Bio-technology 900 165 1065
4. Crop protection 915 287 1202
5 Post harvest management 950 245 1195
6. Transfer of technology 130 117 247
Grand total 6905 1762 8667
11.2 Manpower
Following the norms ofICAR, the following ratio of Scientific, technical, administrative and
supporting staff are needed.
Scientist: 30 Technical: 45 Administrative: 15 Supporting: 35 Auxiliary: 05For the envisaged mandate and programmes, the manpower proposed would not be adequate and
thus the centre would also need additional manpower that can be supplemented through research
associates, research scholars, laboratory and field assistants, mali, laboratory attendants, drivers,
Hindi typist, photographer and computer assistants in the projects with outside funding sources.
11.3 Human Resource Development and Planning
Human resources development would be highly essential for capacity building as well as flow of
trained personnel for future research.
11.3.1 Capacity building through training of the existing manpower in the emerging areas of
pomegranate research.
* Database Management
* Use of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensmg m conservation and
management plans.
* In situ and ex situ conservation measures.
* Advanced computer skills
* Mass multiplication anu nursery management
* Organic farming and residue management
* Genetic engineering for development oftransgenic plants
* Protected cultivation
* Advanced post harvest management techniques
* IPNS and IPM
* Molecular characterization and gene mapping
* Stress physiology and crop regulation
* Micro-irrigation and fertigation
* F arm mechanization and packaging
* Water harvesting techniques
11.3.2 Availability of trained manpower with academic excellence would be very much crucial. The
centre may have policies and requires budget for recruitment of contractual researchers like SRFS,
JRFS. Post Doctoral Fellows. A provision for residence of contractual research workers near the
laboratory building would facilitate the contractual staff for better interaction and devotion. The
centre should also have the modern audio visual aids.5
RISKS ANALYSIS BASED ON SWOT
* Adequate number of germplasm may not be genetically characterized unless other agencies join
the centre in this regard.
* Timely control measures have to be developed for out breaks ofthe diseases and ins~ct pests to
sustain the productivity of the pomegranate industry. As wilt and bacterial blight are the major
threats and no concrete control measures are available to protect the interest ofthe farmers.
* A careful programme on the preparation and identification of areas of collaboration would be
necessary to safeguard the interest of the country particularly in the fields of germplasm and
exchange of breeding material.
* As far as export is concerned, residue management to the minimum permissible level and
quarantine need to be maintained following standard certification procedures to avoid any
kind of controversy for rejection of export consignments.
* Export competition from South EastAsian countries may be a risk for exporters.
* The availability of manpower may not be adequate in view of the large scope of research
required on post harvest management, plant protection, biotechnology and crop improvement
etc.
* A few important germplasm become extinct before active conservation programmes can be
initiated.
* Some introduced exotic material may become established in nature adversely affecting native
germplasm.PROJECT REVIEW, REPORTING AND
EVALUATION ARRANGEMENTS
Different project proposals will be formulated based on the areas identified in the plan document and
also suggestions given by the RAC. Initially the project will be formulated and critically examined at
the centre in each unit. Further the research coordination and management unit or SRC will critically
examine the programme of the projects and give comments for improvement if any. Finally the
projects will be approved in SRC for execution. The progress of the approved projects will be
reviewed by the SRC periodically. The progress of the work done by the centre as a whole will be
reviewed by the QRT c;~ :,rppomted by leAR every five years. However, timely QRT review
programme will help bringing up the gaps in the implementation of the research programmes.
RESOURCE GENERATION
The centre would approach agencies like DST, DBT, CSIR, NAIP (lCAR), Revolving fund scheme
(ICAR) and Department of Environment and Forests and Consultative Group on International
Agricultural Research (CGlAR), U.S.A. for funding some of its R&D projects.
Since the centre has limited land, the scope for revenue generation will be limited. However, efforts
would be made to generate revenue through sale of planting materials, literatures and processed
products, training charges from progressive growers and entrepreneurs, consultancy charges,
charges for pesticide residue analysis, soil and leaf testing and sale of technologies related to
production, protection and post harvest management and their patenting.
8.- ~-~ •• ' . J II:!
OUTCOME OF INSTITUTION WITH TRADE,
INDUSTRIES AND FARMERS
* The present productivity level of pomegranate fruits of about 10t/ha is expected to increase to
15-20t/ha by 2025 due to availability of sound production technologies and varieties that can
safeguard the industrial interest of product diversification and pharmaceutical needs.
EXPORT POTENTIAL AND MARKETABILITY
OF RESEARCH OUTPUT
AND ITS IMPACT IN WTO REGIME
* Molecular genetic markers developed on pomegranate germplasm will have important role to
play in the event of patenting disputes in international forum.
* Table, processing and ornamental type of pomegranate may be developed with high export
demand.
* The database prepared by NRC on Pomegranate will harness good market potential for
research and planners in India and Abroad.
* Value added products could be launched for exports and internal consumption.
* Collaboration among international organizations would improve in the field of pomegranate
R&D activities.UTILITY OF RESEARCH OUTCOME TO
FARMERS AND END USERS
* Database prepared in CD form will be utilized by researchers, progressive farmers and
industries.
* National strategic plan and guideline will provide information for policy makers in India and
Abroad.
* In-situ conservation measures would help conserving valuable native pomegranate germplasm
which could be source for resistance against biotic and a biotic stresses and for other purposes.
* Advanced laboratory on residue analysis will help the farmers for promotion of export of fruits
and its products.
* Technologies developed for organic farming would help promotion of export quality fruits,
employment generation and ensure environmental safety.
* Quality planting materials would be available for extension in area of pomegranate for state
Horticulture and Agriculture Departments in traditional and non-traditional growing areas.
* Expertise developed at the centre will help in solving the major problems of pomegranate
industry.ANTICIPATED CONSTRAINTS
* The conservation programmes and research activities will need sound coordination between
multiple agencies from states, centre and NGO's. Lack of coordination under certain conditions
cause failure ofthe programmes
* Untimely release of fund and financial cut may adversely affect the execution of various
research programmes and time bound research output.
* Shortage of manpower particularly posting of scientists of different disciplines as per need may
lead to incompletion vI' various research programmes and transfer of technology. Therefore,
proposed manpower may be provided for carrying out the work on these lines.w > ~ I- ~ -:is Z Q
NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE ON POMEGRANATE
(INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH)
Solapur- 413 255 (Maharashtra) India
Phone: 0217-2374262, 2374330 Fax: 0217-2374533
E-Mail: nrcpomegranate@indiatimes.com/director@nrcpomegranate.org
Website: www. nrcpomegranate.orgYou can also read
