NABLUS,WEST BANK | PALESTINE - PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT - UN-HABITAT

 
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NABLUS,WEST BANK | PALESTINE - PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT - UN-HABITAT
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

 Nablus,WEST BANK | PALESTINE
 Eliminating Violence Against Women in the West Bank and Gaza Strip
NABLUS,WEST BANK | PALESTINE - PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT - UN-HABITAT
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme
(UN-Habitat) 2020
All rights reserved
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)
P.O. Box 30030 00100 Nairobi GPO KENYA
Tel: 254-020-7623120 (Central Office)
www.unhabitat.org

DISCLAIMER
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this report do
not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of
the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area
or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or
regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions
and recommendations of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the
United Nations Human Settlements Programme or its Governing Council.
Reference in this publication of any specific commercial products, brand names,
processes, or services, or the use of any trade, firm, or corporation name does not
constitute endorsement, recommendation, or favouring by UN-Habitat or its
officers, nor does such reference constitute an endorsement of UN-Habitat.
The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views and official policies of UN Women, UNFPA,
UN-Habitat, UNODC, and those of the United Nations or any of its affiliated
organizations, or those of the Government of Canada.
All graphics in this report are produced by UN-Habitat unless specified otherwise.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This report is part of the HAYA Joint Programme: Eliminating Violence Against
Women, funded by the Government of Canada. The enthusiastic help and efforts
from the data collectors and from Nablus Municipality is acknowledged in the
gathering of all the public space data presented in this report. Special thanks to the
Nablus Municipality and the Ministry of Local Government for the support towards
the HAYA Joint Programme

 Programme Managers:                Cecilia Andersson, Lubna Shaheen
 Contributors                       Al-Ihteraf Company
 Contributors UN-Habitat HQ:        Cecilia Andersson, Frans Elinder ,
                                    Joy Mutai, Lucy Donnelly
 Contributors UN-Habitat Palestine: Lubna Shaheen, Haya Mani,
                                    Wafaa Butmeh
 Analysis and GIS Support :         Joy Mutai
 Report Design and Layout:          Joy Mutai
NABLUS,WEST BANK | PALESTINE - PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT - UN-HABITAT
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

                          PALESTINE · WEST BANK · NABLUS
                              PUBLIC SPACE INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT
                                  Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces
NABLUS,WEST BANK | PALESTINE - PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT - UN-HABITAT
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

CONTENTS

Background...............................................................................................................6                                                               What ARE THE AMENITIES PRESENT IN THE PUBLIC SPACE?...........................................................................................................................38

                                                                                                                                                                                         How are people using public spaces?...............................................................................................................................................................39
  GLOBAL FRAMEWORK ON SAFETY, GENDER AND PUBLIC SPACE............................................................................8
                                                                                                                                                                                         Who are the users of public spaces?................................................................................................................................................................40
  UN-Habitat’s Global Public Space Programme................................................................................................10
                                                                                                                                                                                         What are the opportunities for ‘stay’ in the public spaces?............................................................................................................42
  UN-Habitat IN PALESTINE................................................................................................................................................12
                                                                                                                                                                                         How accessible ARE THE PUBLIC SPACES?...........................................................................................................................................................43

  HAYA JOINT PROGRAMME..................................................................................................................................................15               WHICH DIMENSIONS ARE STRONG IN PUBLIC SPACES?......................................................................................................................................51

  Eliminating Violence Against Women in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.......................................15
                                                                                                                                                                                  ENVISIONING NABLUS CITY.....................................................................................52
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................17                                                             VALIDATION WORKSHOP...................................................................................................................................................54
  LOCATION OF Nablus Governorate.........................................................................................................................18                         Vision for NABLUS CITY..................................................................................................................................................56
  State of public space......................................................................................................................................................22     GOALS AND STRATEGIES.....................................................................................................................................................57
  Scope and focus: NABLUS City...................................................................................................................................23                      Improve the spatial distribution of public spaces................................................................................................................................58

  Objectives and Methodology of the project ..............................................................................................24                                             IMPROVE THE PLANNING GOVERNANCE, MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC SPACE PROMOTING INCLUSIVITY, DI-
                                                                                                                                                                                         VERSITY AND USE............................................................................................................................................................................................................60
  Assessed public spaces...................................................................................................................................................28
                                                                                                                                                                                         IMPROVE PUBLIC SPACE GREENERY AND SAFETY.................................................................................................................................................61

SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS............................................................................................32                                                                ANNEXES AND REFERENCES....................................................................................62
  GENERAL STATE OF open PUBLIC SPACEs....................................................................................................................34
                                                                                                                                                                                    ANNEX......................................................................................................................................................................................64
  GENERAL STATE OF open PUBLIC SPACEs....................................................................................................................36                              PERFORMANCE OF EACH PUBLIC SPACE..................................................................................................................................................................64

  How safe are public spaces?........................................................................................................................................38             REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................................................................68

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                                                                                                                                                                                                         DEFINITIONS

  Antisocial behaviour
  Anti-social behaviours are acts that create community concern. These range from misuses of public space, such    Pluri-funtional spaces
  as fighting or drug use and dealing, to disregard for community safety, such as dangerous driving or drunk and   Spaces with different kinds of activities at the same time.
  disorderly behaviour. Other examples include acts that cause environmental damage, such as graffiti or litter.
  Anti-social behaviour can range from what is socially unacceptable through to acts that break the law.           Public space
                                                                                                                   All places publicly owned or of public use, accessible and enjoyable by all for free and without a profit motive.
  Experiences of crime/harassment                                                                                  UN-Habitat categorises public spaces into streets, open public spaces, and public facilities.
  To encounter/undergone a form of crime or harassment,
                                                                                                                   Sexual Harassment
  Gender equity                                                                                                    Sexual harassment is any unwelcome sexual advance, request for sexual favour, verbal or physical conduct or
  The process of being fair to both women and men. To ensure fairness, measures must be available to               gesture of a sexual nature, or any other behaviour of a sexual nature that might reasonably be expected or be
  compensate for historical and social disadvantages that prevent women and men from operating on a level          perceived to cause offence or humiliation to another.
  playing field. Gender equity strategies are used to eventually attain gender equality. Equity is the means and
  equality is the result.                                                                                          Social problems
                                                                                                                   A social problem is any condition or behavior that has negative consequences for large numbers of people and
  Harassment                                                                                                       that is generally recognized as a condition or behavior that needs to be addressed.
  Harassment is any improper and unwelcome conduct that might reasonably be expected or be perceived to
  cause offence or humiliation to another person. Harassment may take the form of words, gestures or actions
                                                                                                                   Urban Safety
  which tend to annoy, alarm, abuse, demean, intimidate, belittle, humiliate or embarrass another or which
                                                                                                                   Safety does not only mean lack of criminal behavior, fear or aggression. Safety points to the certainty of being
  create an intimidating, hostile or offensive environment.
                                                                                                                   respected as an individual at the physical, social and psychological levels. ‘Safety’ goes beyond the multiple
                                                                                                                   ways of crime and violence. In fact, safety is firstly a foundation for the deployment of human abilities,
  Infrastructural problems                                                                                         freedom, solidarity, multiculturalism and creativity. Safety does not only cover the individual’s life, but
  Issues related to the physical state of public spaces.                                                           embraces also society and the city. Safety is also a social value, since it is the foundation for the common good
                                                                                                                   of societies that allows a fair and equitable development for all its members. Safety is one of the pillars of good
  Mono-functional spaces                                                                                           governance and is the basis of freedom and equality for people’s full and equal
  Spaces that are limited to only one activity.
                                                                                                                   Walkability
  Multi-functional spaces                                                                                          Defines much more than just providing citizen with “the ability to walk”. Several characteristics result in
  Spaces that are used for different types of activities at different times of the day.                            optimal walkability such as physical access, places and proximity. Defining a walkable neighbourhood extends
                                                                                                                   beyond pedestrian concerns, as the ability to walk in a neighborhood indicates not only a type of mobility
                                                                                                                   and means of travel, but also a type of sociability between neighbors, which, together, likely affect the
  Perception of safety                                                                                             physical, mental, and health of people in the community.
  A generalized judgment about the chance of crime. Different times of day, and physical location may affect
  perception of safety.

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Commercial street in Nablus © Cornersoftheworld
                                                  1
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                  Background

                               • Global Framework
                               • UN-Habitat’s Public Space Programme
                               • UN-Habitat in Palestine
                               • HAYA Joint Programme

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GLOBAL FRAMEWORK ON
SAFETY, GENDER AND PUBLIC
SPACE

While cities are powerful engines of
                                                                     SDG 6                                                  SDG 7                                                   SDG 15                                         SDG 17
development and innovation, they are
also home to slums and many millions                                 Women and girls play a central role                    As primary energy managers in                           Women and girls play a central role            Women and girls play a central role
of vulnerable women and girls. Sexual                                in the provision, management and                       the households, women can play                          in the provision, management and               in the provision, management and
harassment and other forms of violence                               safeguarding of household water                        a powerful role in the successful                       safeguarding of household water                safeguarding of household water
against women and girls in public                                    and sanitation                                         transition to sustainable energy for all                and sanitation                                 and sanitation
spaces are present in cities as well rural
areas, and even in online spaces. As a
result, it is an impediment to the rights
of women and girls to the city, and to
enjoy the opportunities of urbanization.
The outcome is often gender exclusion
and the lack of participation of women
and girls in development.
With the 2030 Agenda, governments
will need to choose strategies and
interventions that have the greatest
impacts across a number of goals and          SDG 5                                                                                                                                     SDG 12
targets. The ‘safe cities’ idea for women     Gender equality is central to the
                                                                                                               SDG 11                                                                   Unsustainable production
includes their equal right to the city and    SDGs, and if it is not achieved, the                             Women have equal rights to the city,                                     and consumption patterns are
public places within it, which includes       implementation of all the goals will                             and their safety in public spaces is                                     gendered, with women suffering
their right to be mobile in the city at       be compromised                                                                                                                            disproportionately from resource
                                                                                                               crucial for sustainable urbanization:
any time of the day, as well as their right                                                                                                                                             scarcity and natural disasters resulting
to idle in public spaces without any
                                                                                                               Target 11.7                                                              from climate change
threats of harassment or sexual violence.
The global community agreed that                                                                                                                                                    Gender equality in the Agenda 2030 adopted from UN-Women © UN-Habitat
public space plays a key role in achieving
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
cities and human settlements. This
means that interventions in public space
can support achievement in several other
                                                           60%                                                                                                          2.2%                                90%
targets within the 2030 Agenda. The                        60% of all                Globally, one in five   96% of adolescent                  45% of girls            Just 2.2% of girls            In Port Moresby,              In London, 43% of
2030 Agenda together with the New                       urban residents               people have been       girls don’t feel safe            reported sexual           say they feel safe               over 90% of               young women have
Urban Agenda also recognizes gender                      in developing               a victim of violence           in Delhi                 harassment when           in public spaces in            women and girls               experienced some
equality and strategically supports                   countries have been                 and crime                                             using public                   Lima                  have experienced              form of harassment
women’s empowerment across all social                   victims of crime                                                                        transport in                                        some form of sexual              in the past year.
development goals.                                                                                                                                Kampala                                              violence when
Local level data is important to address                                                                                                                                                              accessing public
challenges and achieve inclusive public                                                                                                                                                                transportation.
spaces for women and girl’s in cities.
                                                         “We will support the provision of well-designed networks of safe, accessible, green and quality streets and other public spaces that are accessible to
Some of the statistics of the state of
                                                         all and free from crime and violence, including sexual harassment and gender-based violence, considering the human scale, and measures that allow
women and girl’s safety, conducted
by UN-Habitat, Women and Cities
                                                         for the best possible commercial use of street-level floors, fostering both formal and informal local markets and commerce, as well as not-for-profit
International and Plan International.                    community initiatives, bringing people into public spaces and promoting walkability and cycling with the goal of improving health and wellbeing.”
are represented in the graphic.                                                                                                                                                                                           New Urban Agenda: Para 100.

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WOMEN IN PALESTINE
In Palestine, women use public                active participation in the workforce,
spaces more frequently and for a              and in decision making can still be
greater variety of purposes than              detected, as only 21% of women who
men. This reflects the multiple roles         are in the employment age participated
and responsibilities they assume              in the workforce in Palestine in the
both inside and outside of the                year 2018 according to PCBS. The
home. The availability of safe public         situation is even worse for women with
spaces and public transport allows            disabilities as only 3% of women with
women to access essential services,           disabilities participated in the work
take advantage of employment                  force in 2019.
opportunities and participate in
cultural and recreational activities. It      As in other countries, sexual
not only improves the quality of life         harassment and other forms of violence
available to them but is an essential         against women and girls in Palestine
component in strengthening women’s            extends beyond the domestic sphere to
civic engagement through access to            also impact women’s access to public
institutional and political spaces.           spaces, such as parks, streets, public
                                              transport, workplaces and schools.
According to the PCBS 2020 statistics,        In terms of violence in public spaces,
11% of Palestinian households are             the preliminary results of the national
women headed households. Despite              survey of violence in the Palestinian
the empowerment of women in certain           society in2019, recorded that 5% of
areas as demonstrated through the             young females and 3% of married
PCBS report 2020 , women’s right in           women have experienced violence in
other sectors are still violated, including   shopping places (inside markets or
them being subjects to violence               shopping stores). Moreover, 4% of
inside or outside the household and           women aged (18-64 years old) and
inside public spaces. Statistics show a       12% of young females (12-17 years
noticeable decrease in early marriage         old) have experienced violence in the
rate and illiteracy among Palestinian         streets.
women, nevertheless, a gap in women’s

                                                                                        Old City Nablus © Flickr District 47

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                                                                                           CITY-WIDE PUBLIC SPACE INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT
UN-Habitat’s Global
Public Space Programme                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       • Kabul
                                                                                                                                                                                                               United Arab Emirates
                                                                                                           CITY-WIDE PUBLIC SPACE INVENTORY     AND ASSESSMENT
                                                                                                                                        Palestine
                                                                                                                                                         • Sharjah

                                                                                                                                                                              • Khan Younis, Gaza Strip
                                                                                                                                                                              • Bethlehem Cluster, West Bank
                                                                                                                                                                              • Jenin, West Bank
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Mongolia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               • Ulaan Batar
                                               spaces enhance community cohesion                                                                                              • Jericho, West Bank
Launched in 2011 and currently active                                                                                                                                         • Nablus, West Bank
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !

in around 40 countries, UN-Habitat’s           and promote health, happiness                                                                                                                                                                            Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Kabul                  China
Global Public Space Programme                  and well-being for all citizens. The                                                                                                                                            !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              !!                                                 • Jianghan, Wuhan
aims to improve the quality of public          Programme helps cities become                                                                                                                                                           United Arab Emirates            !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 • Wuchang, Wuhan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       • Sharjah
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           !

spaces worldwide. Despite a recent             more sustainable by providing policy                                                                            Dominican Republic                    Palestine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !
                                                                                                                                                           !   • Santo Domingo                                                              Ethiopia
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Khan Younis, Gaza Strip                 • Addis Ababa
tendency to overlook and undervalue            advice, capacity building, knowledge                                                                                                               • Bethlehem Cluster, West  !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ! Bank
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Bangladesh
                                                                                                                                                       !                                                                                    • Hawassa                                          • Dhaka         Mongolia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            !!
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            !
them, public spaces are again being            sharing and support for public space                                           Ecuador
                                                                                                                                                   !
                                                                                                                                                               Colombia                           • Jenin,!West Bank        !               • Adama                                                            • Ulaan Batar
                                                                                                                                                               • Valledupar                       • Jericho, West Bank!!                    • Bahir Dar
recognised by cities as a key element          regeneration and improvement. More                                               • Ibarra       !
                                                                                                                                              !!
                                                                                                                                                               • Monteria
                                                                                                                                                                                            Cameroon
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Nablus, West Bank !!!                   • Mekele
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    !

                                                                                                                               • Cuenca
                                                                                                                                               !
                                                                                                                                                                                             • Bamenda
of inclusion and sustainability. UN-           concretely, it maps public spaces and                                             • Quito
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Dir Dawa
                                                                                                                                                                                               Uganda                                       Kenya!                                                             China
Habitat adopts a definition of public          works with cities to develop city-wide                                       • Portoviejo
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Koboko                                    • Nairobi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         !     • Jianghan, Wuhan
                                               public space strategies and urban                                                                                                                   • Arua                                   • Kisumu                                                           • Wuchang, Wuhan
spaces as sites that are accessible and                                                                                                                                               Dominican• Nebbi
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Republic
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           !

enjoyable by all without a profit motive       development frameworks. Good                                                                                                   !       • Santo Domingo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      !                     Tanzania                   Ethiopia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          !                 • Mwanza                   • Addis Ababa
                                                                                                                                                                       Uruguay                                                                                                                                 Bangladesh
and take on various spatial forms,             policies and practices are shared                                                                               !
                                                                                                                                                                       •!Montevideo
                                                                                                                                                                          !                                                                                  !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       • Hawassa                               • Dhaka
                                                                                                            Scale of the Public Space                                                 Colombia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              !!
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              !        • Adama
including parks, streets, sidewalks,           through its global network of around                         Assessments                            Ecuador                            • Valledupar               South Africa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     !                 • Bahir Dar
                                                                                                                                                    • Ibarra          !                                             Cameroon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 • Johannesburg
                                               100 partner organizations.                                                                                            !!                                                                                   !
markets and playgrounds. Good public                                                                              City level                       • Cuenca
                                                                                                                                                                      !               • Monteria                     • Bamenda
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 • Durban
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ! !           • Mekele
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       • Dir Dawa
                                                                                                                  District level                     • Quito
                                                                                                                                                • Portoviejo                                                          Uganda                                           Kenya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Koboko                                         • Nairobi
                                                                                                                  Neighbourhood level                                                                                    • Arua                                        • Kisumu
                                                                                                                  Country present                                                                                       • Nebbi                  !                     Tanzania
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     !                 • Mwanza
                                                                                                                                                                                      !
                                                                                                                                                                                              Uruguay
                                                                                                                                                                                              • Montevideo
                                                                                                                               Scale of the Public Space
                                                                                                                               Assessments                                                                                               South Africa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         • Johannesburg
                                                                                                                                      City level                                                                                         • Durban
                                                                                                                                      District level
                                                                                                                                      Neighbourhood level
                                                                                                                                      Country present

The public space assessment                             Civil society partners                                 Public space upgrading                                                     Technology                                                                               Policies
UN-Habitat provides guidance to local                   UN-Habitat brings together a broad global              UN-Habitat selects each year, a number of                                  In recent years, the role of digital technologies                                        UN-Habitat supports national governments
governments in developing city-wide strategies          network of partners working on the issue of            public spaces upgrading projects through an                                has become increasingly important. UN-Habitat                                            in mainstreaming public space in NUP as
that provide the foundation for taking a                public space, and has agreements and ongoing           annual call for expression of interest. The spaces                         recognizes the role of ICT and the opportunities                                         well as local governments in developing their
strategic action-oriented approach to public            activities with various organizations. These           are geographically distributed all over the world,                         that it can offer for citizens, particularly children                                    own public space frameworks, policies and
space development and management and can                partners are brought together annually at either       but with a main focus on countries in the global                           and youth, to take part in decision making                                               implementation strategies. The intention is to
help local governments map the current state            the World Urban Forum and/or the Future of             south. The upgrading of the public spaces is                               and governance process. The Programme uses                                               influence cities to recognize the importance
of public spaces and set goals to improve them.         Places Conference.                                     done in a participatory manner engaging the                                technologies such as Kobo Toolbox for mapping                                            of localized city-wide public space policies, to
This work can be translated into annual public                                                                 community and the users in the process.                                    spaces and the Minecraft video game as a                                                 deepen the understanding of local governments’
space action plans which provide more detailed                                                                                                                                            participatory tool for upgrading public spaces.                                          role and responsibilities in public space
information on proposed projects as well as                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        development, and to increase the percentage
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   of public space in a city as well as safety. This
monitoring framework. The strategy also supports
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   is considered as a guiding strategy for local
local govenrments in allocating of resources in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   governments in which public space is a central
the management and maintenance of the spaces
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   axis.
that exist and invest in creating new public space,
especially for more marginalized communities.

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PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

UN-Habitat’s Public Space Programme Process and Tools                                                                                                    HOW WE WORK                               CITY-WIDE PUBLIC
                                                                                                                                                         UN-Habitat has developed an               SPACE ASSESSMENT
                                                                                 • Minecraft for community                                               integrated approach to public space       The city-wide public space assessment
                                                                                   participation                                                         that covers cities, neighbourhoods and    is a digital tool that uses a structured
                                                                                 • Place analysis tool                                                   individual sites and applies a targeted   questionnaire that can be modified
                                                                                 • Design Charrattes                                                     approach to each scale. The iterative     to fit any context as well as assess the
                                                                                 • SDG indicators 11.7 and                                               approach includes normative and           priorities for any city. It utilises the
                                                                                   11.3                                                                  operational tools, methodologies and      free open source app called Kobo
                                                                                                                                                         practices to support governments and      Collect. It is a fast and effective tool
                                                                                                                                                         other organizations to make public        for data collection as it minimises
                                                                                                                       • Guide to city wide public       spaces more safe, inclusive, accessible   enumeration errors and is a holistic
                                                                                                                         space strategy                  and green. The tools include city-wide    tool for data collection process from
                                                                                                                       • Compendium of inspiring         and site-specific assessments, design
                             • Guide to city wide public                                                                 practices on city wide public
                                                                                                                                                                                                   data collection, to analysis and design.
                                                                                                                                                         principles, strategies and policies,      This assessment helps in identifying
                               space strategy                                                                            space strategy
                             • Plan assessment tool                                                                                                      digital participation and action          needs or substantive areas to address
                             • Compendium of inspiring                                                                                                   planning and monitoring.                  in the city, but also how the process
                               practices on city wide public                                                                                                                                       can align with other, already ongoing
                               space strategy                                                                                                                                                      or planned processes. The objective of
                                                                                                                                                                                                   this alignment is to identify areas of
                                                                                                                                                                                                   possible synergies and the identification
                                                                                                                                                                                                   of institutions, organizations, agencies
                                                                                                                                                                                                   and other municipal departments as
                                                                                                                                                                                                   potential stakeholders or collaborating
                Scaling up                                                                                                                                                                         partners. In addition to identifying
                                                                                                                                                                                                   key strategies, steering documents,
            •   SDG indicators 11.7 and 11.3
            •   Capacity building and training
                                                                                                                                                                                                   potential partners, etc., the key issues
            •   National guidance                                                                                                                                                                  of the existing strategic plan (if any)
            •   Policy tools                                                                                                                                                                       should be mapped and analysed. This
            •   Institutional support                                                                                                                                                              tool helps to answer the question
            •   Resource mobilization                                                                                 • 5 principles for sustainable                                               “where are we?” in the realm of public
                                                                                                                        neighbourhood planning                                                     space.
                                                                                                                      • Global public space toolkit
                                                                                                                      • Planned city extension tool                                                The baseline research will produce
                                                                                                                                                                                                   recommendations on public space
                                                                                                                                                                                                   interventions in the city. This is not
                                                                                                                                                                                                   limited to types of intervention, but
                                                                                                                                                                                                   also includes areas that should be
                                                    • Public space assessment         • Global public space toolkit
                                                                                                                                                                                                   prioritized in developing new public
                                                      tool                            • Public space and NUP
                                                    • City profiles                   • Guide to city wide public
                                                                                                                                                                                                   spaces.
                                                    • Plan assessment tool              space strategy
                                                    • International guidelines        • Urban planning for city
                                                      on urban and territorial          leaders
                                                      planning

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Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

UN-Habitat IN PALESTINE

Palestinian cities lack safe and inclusive   Meeting, relaxing and taking a break
public spaces. The complex geopolitical      in clean green spaces that are open to
context and the fragmentation of             all, is a basic need for all. Yet, in some
the territory, in addition to the lack       parts of the world this fundamental
of proper planning and investment            need cannot be taken for granted.
in public spaces, have impacted              This is true in Gaza, which has been
negatively the quality of the built          affected to its very core by years of
environment. The severe shortage of          war. Ten years of blockades and several
public spaces, parks, playgrounds, as        cycles of violence have had a serious
well as other public infrastructure and      effect on the Gaza Strip, which still
services led to the deterioration of the     bears the material and human scars
quality of daily life for the Palestinian    of the hostilities of summer 2014
communities in the West Bank and             and the regular attacks that followed.
Gaza Strip, particularly for children        Thousands of houses, schools,
and women. Many children resort to           universities and mosques were damaged
play in the streets, making the lack of      in these bombings. But even though
playgrounds actually life threatening.       post-conflict reconstruction is now
Against this backdrop, The Special           underway, women and young people
Human Settlements Programme                  are scarcely involved in urban planning,
for the Palestinian People has, since        particularly in integrating the issue of
2014, started supporting the local           safety in public places.
communities in East Jerusalem, Area
                                             By involving marginalized
C and in the Gaza Strip to develop
                                             communities in a marginalized
safe and inclusive public spaces to
                                             region, these public space projects
improve the urban environment and
                                             were able to promote women and
the living conditions of the Palestinian
                                             youth positions in the society while
people, provide higher levels of safety
                                             creating community spaces and aiming
and well-being inside the Palestinian
                                             to reduce gender-based violence.
neighborhoods, and to strengthen
                                             The collaboration during the design
social cohesion, cultural interaction
                                             process and the employment of female
and citizenship.
                                             architects helped advance this mission
UN-Habitat has utilized different            even further, resulting in more safe
tools and methodologies to design and        opportunities for all in the Gaza
implement public spaces in Palestine,        Strip. The participants believed that
including participatory planning and         their experience in the design and
community engagement, support                implementation processes was unique
community led initiatives, and using         and special. It represented their ideas
innovative technologies to promote           and visions and enhanced their sense of
youth leadership.                            ownership. They felt as this community
                                             garden belongs to all of them so that
                                             they have to look after it, maintain it,
                                             and keep it clean and well organized.

                                                                                          Al-Shaimaa Community Garden, Gaza Strip © UN-Habitat

   Page   12
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

Public Spaces Projects Implemented by The Special Human Settlements Programme for the Palestinian People

Intervention                   Description                                                                                                                          Location                 Implementing Partners                    Donor                     Year   No of Beneficiaries

Sur Baher Community            This project supported a community led initiative to design a children playground in Sur Baher. The local community including the    East Jerusalem           Bimkom- Planners for Planning Rights,    Government of Kingdom of 2015    21,500
                               youth      in cooperation with Sur Baher community Center played a major role in the design and implementation of the                                         Local Community Center of Sur Baher      Belgium
Garden
                               playground. This initiative was implemented as part of the “Scaling up and Deepening of Planning Support to Palestinian
                               Communities in East Jerusalem” project, which aimed to facilitate an immediate improvement of living conditions for Palestinian
                               communities in East Jerusalem.
Wadi AI Joz Community          This project aimed at creating a safe and inclusive community garden in Wadi Al Joz neighborhoods in East Jerusalem and has East Jerusalem                    Bimkom - Planners for Planning Rights, Block by Block Foundation   2017   17,000
                               utilized the computer game MineCraft as a tool to engage the youth in the design process. This project was implemented as part of                             Al Enaya Community Center, Green
Garden                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Global Public Space Pro-
                               the “UN Habitat Global Public Space Programme”.                                                                                                               Mosques Youth Group
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    gramme
Ras Al-Amoud Playground        Under UN-HABITAT “Supporting the Palestinians Right to Development in East Jerusalem’’ Project, the project aimed to support         East Jerusalem           Bimkom - Planners for Planning Rights, Spanish Agency for          2019   14,500
                               and implement tangible interventions that enhance the quality of the living environment for the residents, especially for women                               Local women group                      International Development
                               and girls. The project contributed to support a Palestinian women group initiative in Ras IlAmud neighborhood. The playground                                                                        Cooperation
                               was designed, based on a participatory approach where women were engaged in focus design group sessions. In these sessions,
                               the women explained how public spaces should respond to their and their children’s essential needs. The project succeeded in
                               co-designing with the women group a new playground in Ras Il Amud that states and emphasis that women should be engaged
                               more and consulted in the decision making of their built environment.

Al-Shoka Community Garden      Al Shoka, Al-Zawayda and Al Shaima community gardens were developed as part of the “Utilizing Digital Tools to Promote Human         Al-shoka city/Gaza       UN Women, Palestinian Housing Coun-      Government of Kingdom of 2017    16,000
                               Rights and Create Inclusive Public Spaces in Gaza Strip” project. The main aim of the project was to promote youth leadership        Strip                    cil, Aisha Association for Woman and     Belgium
                               and participation, and to develop the skills and knowledge of the youth to make informed decisions about their lives and their                                Child Protections and Gateway
Al-Shaimaa Community Garden    built environment. The participants utilized the computer game MineCraft to design their community gardens. The three projects       Beit Lahia city/         UN Women, Palestinian Housing Coun-      Government of Kingdom of 2017    100,000
                               have successfully created safe and inclusive public spaces in Al-shoka, Al-Zawayda and Beit Lahia cities in Gaza Strip, and helped   Gaza Strip               cil, Aisha Association for Woman and     Belgium
                               improving the urban environment and the living conditions of residents, in particular children and youth.                                                     Child Protections and Gateway
Al-Zawayda Community Gardens                                                                                                                                        Al-Zawayda         city/ UN Women, Palestinian Housing Coun-      Government of Kingdom of 2018    23,000
                                                                                                                                                                    Gaza Strip               cil, Aisha Association for Woman and     Belgium
                                                                                                                                                                                             Child Protections and Gateway
Ti’innik Placemaking Project   This project worked on creating a public space located between the two schools in Ti’innik’s. The main aim of the project was to cre- Area C                  Ministry of Local Government, Ti’innek   European Union            2018   1,300
                               ate a space that is accessible, particularly for the school’s students, and for the wider community in general serving as a playground                        Village Council, Al-l-Hamdeye Compa-
                               and a comfort and relaxing area. The project was implemented under the “Fostering Tenure Security and Resilience of Palestinian                               ny for General Contracts
                               Communities through Spatial-Economic Planning Interventions in Area C”.

Wadi Al Nis                    The interventions are located at the center of the village, connecting the four main nodes; the village council building, the medical Area C                  Ministry of Local Government, Wadi Al    European Union            2018   1,000
                               clinic, the main mosque and the main school. The project has formed and improved the the network and connections focusing on                                  Nis Village council, UN-Habitat
                               safe pedestrian movement throughout the site. Speed pumps and roundabouts were constructed to facilitate the movement of
                               cars and calms down the traffic. The sidewalks contain benches, as relaxing points shaded by trees. The project was implemented
                               under the “Fostering Tenure Security and Resilience of Palestinian Communities through Spatial-Economic Planning Interventions
                               in Area C”.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Page 13
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

Intervention        Description                                                                                                                        Location   Implementing Partners                     Donor                      Year      No of Beneficiaries

Al Walaja           Developing the main entrance of Al Walajah Village by making it safe and comfortable for pedestrian movement. The main bus stop Area C        Ministry of Local Government, Al Walaja   European Union             2018      2,670
                    area was rehabilitated, tiled and shaded with trees. The intervention and detailed designs were designed to inexpensive, focusing             Village council, UN-Habitat
                    on using local skills and materials and well related to the local context. The project was implemented under the “Fostering Tenure
                    Security and Resilience of Palestinian Communities through Spatial-Economic Planning Interventions in Area C”.
At Tuwani           The intervention, the design and its details were developed in collaboration process with the community and based on their needs, Area C      Ministry of Local Government, At Tuwani   United Nations             2019      330
                    and financially inexpensive. The designs also focus on local resources and skills to get the best results with the lowest costs and           Village council, UN-Habitat
                    ensure its maintenance in the present and the future. The public space in this intervention is a recreational area and playing yard
                    for the children and people of At Tuwani village. The project was implemented under the “Fostering Tenure Security and Resilience
                    of Palestinian Communities through Spatial-Economic Planning Interventions in Area C”.
Al Aqaba            The intervention, the design and its details were developed in collaboration process with the community and based on their needs, Area C      Ministry of Local Government, Al Aqaba    European Union             2019      350
                    and financially inexpensive. The designs also focus on local resources and skills to get the best results with the lowest costs and           Village council, UN-Habitat
                    ensure its maintenance in the present and the future. The public space in this intervention is a playing yard for the Kindergarten
                    of Al Aqaba village. The project was implemented under the “Fostering Tenure Security and Resilience of Palestinian Communities
                    through Spatial-Economic Planning Interventions in Area C”.
Bruqin              The intervention is the yard located between the two schoold, the village councile and the soccer field. The space will be used as Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Bruqin      Secours Islamique France   2018      4,050
                    a sitting area, with a playing and recreational yard, for students and families. In addition to being used by the local community for         Village council, UN-Habitat
                    different occasions and activities. The project was implemented under the “Creating friendly public spaces for children in Hares
                    and Bruqin”
Haris               The intervention is in the space connecting the school, the village council, and the mosque, to improve the village center and     Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Haris       Secours Islamique France   2018      4,140
                    create a suitable and safe space for students and families. The local community mainly focused on the elements that support their             Village council, UN-Habitat
                    needs (sitting chairs, pergolas, ….). The project was implemented under the “Creating friendly public spaces for children in Hares
                    and Bruqin”
Ras Al Wad          The project aimed to physically improve the condition by enhancing the quality of life through creating a public space, improve    Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Ras Al      European Union             2015      900
                    pedestrian’s safety around the school and mosque in the main village spine, while also promoting participation by residents to                Wad Village council, UN-Habitat
                    encourage and raise awareness of the importance of maintaining their own communities. The project was implemented under
                    “Spatial Planning Support Programme for Palestinian Communities in Area C, West Bank”.
Abdullah Al Yunis   The project aimed to physically improve the condition by creating pedestrian paths and creating a public place for people to sit   Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Abdullah    European Union             2015      170
                    and enjoy, while also promoting participation by residents to encourage and raise awareness of the importance of maintaining                  Al Yunis Village council, UN-Habitat
                    their own communities. The project was implemented under “Spatial Planning Support Programme for Palestinian Communities
                    in Area C, West Bank”
Imneizel            The project aimed to physically improve the condition by creating the small playground for children in the park, enhancing the     Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Imneizel    European Union             2015      280
                    playground of the school and surroundings, improvement of access, while also promoting participation by residents to encourage                Village council, UN-Habitat
                    and raise awareness of the importance of maintaining their own communities. Furthermore, the project aimed to bring together
                    the community through encouraging citizens to participate in community development issues and gain knowledge on the sense
                    of participation and ownership over their local area. The project was implemented under “Spatial Planning Support Programme
                    for Palestinian Communities in Area C, West Bank”
Izbet Tabib         The project aimed to physically improve the condition by creating the improvement of access to school and improvement of           Area C     Ministry of Local Government, Izbet       European Union             2015      260
                    streetscape in main village spine. Also promoting participation by residents to encourage and raise awareness of the importance               Tabib Village council, UN-Habitat
                    of maintaining their own communities. The project was implemented under “Spatial Planning Support Programme for Palestinian
                    Communities in Area C, West Bank”

   Page     14
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

                                                                                                                                                                                        HAYA JOINT PROGRAMME
                                                                                                                                                                                                Eliminating Violence Against Women in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

The HAYA Joint Programme:                  United Nations Office on Drugs and           harmful practices and attitudes that         protect women’s and girls’ rights with   UN-Habitat is working on increasing        women’s safety in public spaces; C)
Eliminating Violence Against Women         Crime (UNODC), in partnership with           perpetuate and validate violence against     regards to VAW. Under outcome (1),       the knowledge and capacity of local        Capacity building for municipalities
in the West Bank and Gaza Strip is         the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and          women and girls within targeted              there is a special focus on building     authorities and municipalities to          on how to design safe and inclusive
funded by the Government of Canada         the Ministry of Social Development as        households and communities; (2)              an enabling policy environment to        undertake comprehensive local              public spaces; D) Development and
and jointly implemented by the United      well as other ministries and civil society   Increased access by women and girls          combat violence against women and        interventions for prevention and           regeneration of five safe and inclusive
Nations Entity for Gender Equality         organizations. The overall objective of      of gender- responsive EVAW services          increase the knowledge and capacity      response on EVAW, through achieving        public spaces; E) Development of
and the Empowerment of Women               building just and secure communities         (economic, medical, psychosocial,            to undertake comprehensive local         set of results: A) Safety Audits that      gender responsive public space policy
(UN Women), the United Nations             for women and girls in the West              security, shelter) free of discrimination;   interventions for prevention and         assess women’s safety in five cities       and safe and inclusive public space
Population Fund (UNFPA), the               Bank and Gaza Strip will be achieved         (3) Strengthened institutional capacity      response on EVAW by local authorities    (four cities in West Bank and one          design methodology; F) Curriculum
United Nations Human Settlements           through progress against three main          to develop and implement legal and           and municipalities.                      city in Gaza Strip); B) Awareness          development jointly with the local
Programme (UN–Habitat), and the            outcomes focusing on: (1) Decreased          policy frameworks that promote and                                                    and advocacy campaign to promote           universities on how to design safe and
                                                                                                                                     Through the HAYA Joint Programme,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         inclusive public spaces.

DEVELOPING SAFE AND INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES FOR ALL THROUGH
Safety audits assessing women’s safety
 in Khan Younis, Jericho, Nablus, Jenin,                                                                                                                                        Development of gender responsive
  and the Bethlehem cluster including                                                   Capacity building for municipalities on                                                   public space policy and design
Beit Jala, Beit Sa hour, and Al Doha and                                                how to design safe and inclusive public                                                 methodology for safe and inclusive
                Bethlehem                                                                               spaces                                                                             public spaces

                                             Awareness and advocacy campaigns                                                         Development and regeneration of five                                                  Joint curriculum development with
                                             to promote women’s safety in public                                                       safe and inclusive public spaces in                                                local universities on designing safe and
                                                          spaces                                                                        targeted Palestinian communities                                                           inclusive public spaces

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Page 15
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

Woman in busy market in Jenin © Cornersoftheworld
                                                    2
   Page   16
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

                  INTRODUCTION

                                 • About Nablus Governorate
                                 • State of public spaces
                                 • Scope and focus
                                 • Objectives and methodology

                                                                Page 17
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

LOCATION OF Nablus
Governorate

                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Tubas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Al Fandaqumiya
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Bizzariya
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Imrin                                                          P                                                         P
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Mas'udiya
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      P                                                                                                                 P                                     P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           P
                                                                                                                                                           J e nin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Sabastiya

                                                                                                                                                                                                           DD
                                        Lebanon                                                                                                                                                                                                                  P         Ijnisinya                                                                        Talluza
                                                                                                                                                                                                                DD                                                                P                                                                             P
                                                  Syrian Arab                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Al Badhan
                                                                                                                            T ulka rm                                     T ubas
                                                  Republic                                                                                                                                                                                                       P An Naqura                                                                                                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sahel Deir                                                                                                            Asira ash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   P                                                                                                        Shamaliya                                                                                     Al 'Aqrabaniya
                                                                                                                                                                                                      haraf ('Arab                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                                                                        De'is)                                Deir P                                                                                P                                                                                                         An Nassariya
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   Mediterranean Sea                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Beit Iba                                                                                                                                                   Tall al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Zawata                                                                                                                                                                   Hasan
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                                                                                                                                   S alfit                                                                                                                                     Beit                      Ein Beit                                                                                                                                                            Shibli

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         D
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                                   West Bank                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              el Mai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 P                                                                                                                         Hamlan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                P
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kafr                                                            Al Juneid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Camp        Nablus                            Askar            Azmut

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           J                            Camp                      Deir
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             Gaza Strip                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Balata                                                                                                                             P

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     P                 Sarra                                                                                                                            Salim                                                                                                             Farsheh
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Humsa -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Iraq           Village
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        P                                                                                                                                                 Basaliya
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                                                  Jordan                                                                                                                                                   55                                                                 P                                                                                                                                             Dajan
                          Israel                                                                                                                           J e rus alem                                                                                                                                                                         Kafr     Rujeib                                                                                                                                       Humsa -
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Beit                                              Ja'waneh                                       Furush
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Asira al Madama
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     P                P                                                                         Furik                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Beit Dajan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Qibliya                                                                                                                  P
                                                                                                                                                           B ethle he m                                                                                                         P
     Egypt

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Awarta                                                                                              Khirbet
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                                                                          Gaza                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  P                                                                             P
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                                   Saudi Arabia                                                                                                                                                                                                      Zeita                                                                                          P
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Palestine showing West Bank © UN-Habitat
                               K ha n Younis
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                                                                                              Nablus governorate © UN-Habitat                                                                                                            P

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                                                                                                                                                                                                  Nablus governorate major settlements © UN-Habitat

   Page       18
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

Urbanization in THE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tubas
west bank
                                                                                                                       P                            Al Fandaqumiya
                                                                                                                                                 Dhahr
                                                                                                                                                     P              P                                                                                                                                                  J
Urbanization in Palestine is                  Post 2007, and the economic                                            Bizzariya
                                                                                                                           P
characterized by a rapidly growing            development plan and the institution                                                                   Burqa                                                                                                                                P

pace, as the total urban population           building programme presented by                                                                            P                    Beit
                                                                                                                                                                             Imrin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yasid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            P                                                         P
is estimated by 75% and the urban             the Palestinian government at that                      Ramin
                                                                                                                                                                              P
                                                                                                                                                                               Nisf                                                                                                           P                                 Tammun
                                                                                                              P                   Al
population growth rate stands at              time, and the escalating attention by                                            Mas'udiya
                                                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                              Jubeil
                                                                                                                                                                                    P                                                                                                                 P                                     P
3.2%, almost double the one of the            international aid agencies, Palestinian                                                                    Sabastiya

                                                                                                         DD
                                                                                                                                                               P         Ijnisinya                                                                        Talluza
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              P
global growth rate (1.7%). Since
                                                                                                                                                                                P
                                              cities in the West Bank witnessed
                                                                                                              DD

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Al Badhan
the establishment of the Palestinian          significant growth in economic and                                                                               P An Naqura                                                                                                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Asira ash
Authority (PA), and the emergence             construction sectors. Nevertheless, this
                                                                                                     Sahel Deir
                                                                                                     haraf ('Arab
                                                                                                                  P                                                                                                       Shamaliya                                                                                     Al 'Aqrabaniya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                            Deir P                                                                                P
of jurisdictional land classifications        exerted more pressure on Palestinian
                                                                                                       De'is)
                                                                                                                                           Sharaf                                                                                                                                                                       Khirbet         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            An Nassariya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                P       Beit
according to the Oslo Accords (1993-          cities, as the construction boom was
                                                                                                                                                             Beit Iba
                                                                                                                                                                              Zawata                                                                                                                                    Tall al                        Hasan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     #

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      D
                                                                                                                                                                P                                                                                                                                                                                             P

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     D D DD
                                                                                                                                                 Qusin                              P                                                                                                                                    Ghar                                               Ein
1995), urbanization has been heavily                                                                                                                 P                                                                                                                                                                                          P
                                              not matched by proper planning and                                                                                             Beit                      Ein Beit                                                                                                                                                            Shibli

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       D
                                                                                                                                                                            Wazan                                                                                                                                                       Shihda wa                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                                        el Mai
constrained by geopolitics, which limits      infrastructure to accommodate the                      Kafr                                                           Al Juneid
                                                                                                                                                                              P                         Camp
                                                                                                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Nablus                            Askar            Azmut
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Hamlan

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                D
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P
the urban expansion of Palestinian            rapidly growing cities.                                 ddum
                                                                                                                                                                        P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         J                            Camp                      Deir
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Abu

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                D
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             al Hatab                                                                                                                   Humsa
                                                                                                     P                                                                                                                                                             P              P                                                                                                 Kbash

                                                                                                                   E
population within the West Bank                                                                                                    Jit                                                                                                            Balata                                                                                                                             P                    - Al

                                                                                                                     E
                                                                                                                                   P                 Sarra                                                                                                                            Salim                                                                                                             Farsheh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Samaritan               Camp                                    P                                                                                                         P
within Areas A and B according to                                                                                                                        P
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Iraq           Village                    P                                                                                                                                                 Humsa -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Basaliya
Oslo Accords which comprises only             Post 2007, and the economic
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      P
                                                                                                                                                                            Tell                            Burin                                                                                                          Beit                                                                         P

                                                                                                         B
                                                                                                         ?
                                                                                                                                                                                                            P
                                                                                                         55                                                                 P                                                                 Kafr                                                                        Dajan                                                                     Humsa -
39% of the total area of West Bank .          development plan and the institution                                 Immatin                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Qalil
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Rujeib
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              P                                                                 P                                                                   Al Jufeh
                                                                                                                        Far'ata                                                                                                                 P                                                                                                                                                           P
This has led to imbalanced distribution       building programme presented by            P
                                                                                                 q                   P         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Burin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Beit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ja'waneh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Furush
                                                                                                                                                                                                   P                                                                                          Furik                                                 P
of the urban population, creating             the Palestinian government at that                                                                                         Asira al Madama
                                                                                                                                                                         Qibliya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Beit Dajan

highly dense urban centers and                time, and the escalating attention by                                                                                           P

decreasing population densities as we         international aid agencies, Palestinian                                                                                                                                                               Awarta                                                                                              Khirbet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      P
move away from main Palestinian cities        cities in the West Bank witnessed                                                                                                             Urif
                                                                                                                                                                                            P                                             Odala
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yanun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P

in the West Bank. The imbalanced              significant growth in economic and                                                                                                                         Einabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Huwwara              P                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P
urban growth is coupled with poor             construction sectors. Nevertheless, this                                                                                                                          P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Beita
planning solutions and unsatisfactory
                                                                                                                                                   Zeita                                                                                          P
                                              exerted more pressure on Palestinian                                                               Jamma'in                                                                                                                                                                           P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                     P                  Jamma'in
infrastructural networks, imposing            cities, as the construction boom was                                                                                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Osarin                        Aqraba
                                                                                                 P
pressure on the land and the                  not matched by proper planning and                                                                                                                                              P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Za'tara
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P                               P                                                       Lifjim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P

environment, as well as comprising the        infrastructure to accommodate the                                                        P

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          D
                                                                                                                                                                    D

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Alttawel

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              D
                                                                                                                     P

                                                                                                                                                                                                         E
overall livability of urban life, including   rapidly growing cities.                                P                                                          P
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Yasuf
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yatma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and Tall al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Khashaba
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P                                                                                                                                 8
the quality of open public spaces in                                                                                                                                                                    P                                                                                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                        Iskaka                                                      Qabalan                       Jurish
                                                                                                                                                                                            P                                                             P                           P
Palestinian cities.                                                                          P                                                                                          !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Majdal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Qusra                    Bani
                                                                                                                           P                                                                                            As Sawiya                             Talfit                              P                   Fadil
                                                                                                                                             Salfit                                                                           P                                   P                                                     P
                                                                                                                                                      J                                            Al Lubban
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ash
                                                                                                 P                                                                                                 Sharqiya                                                       Qaryut       Jalud
                                                                                                                         ha                                                                                  P                                                      P Khirbet P
                                                                                                                     P                     Khirbet                                                                                                                       Sarra
                                                                                                                                                                        Ammuriya                                                                                              P
                                                                                                                                            Qeis                              P                                                                                                                                         Dumarab al
                                                                                                                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          PKa'abneh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Khirbet al               P
                                                                                         P                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Marajim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   P
                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                        5                                                                                                                 Ein ar

                                                                                                                     Built-up area
                                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          s'ayya                          Built-up areas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    #    inRashash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Nablus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    governorate © UN-Habitat

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Page 19
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

Urban Governance In
the west bank
Urban planning and development             level. Whereas at the regional levels,
in Palestine are governed by a multi-      there are eleven governorates across
layered system of administrative           the West Bank that represent the
and organizational structures. In          national government, without being
terms of organizational setup, the         a distinct level by itself. At the local
Ministry of Local Government               level, municipal and village councils
(MoLG) is considered the main              are mandated to govern planning and
body mandated to monitor policy            development issues on the scale of
making and coordinating urban              individual communities, and managing
planning interventions implemented         the implementation of planning and
in Palestinian cities, supported by line   building regulations, including the
ministries and with the Municipal          management of open public spaces.
Lending and Development Fund
(MDLF), which is considered the            In terms of the legal framework, the
executive body responsible for the         main laws that govern the work of the
implementation of urban improvement        LGUs are:
projects and infrastructure                •   The Law for Local Authorities no.
interventions within Palestinian Local         (1) for the year 1997 describing
Government Units (LGUs). Finally,              the rules of the law in forty
there is the Association of Palestinian        articles focusing on the main
Local Authorities that represents the          responsibilities of the MoLG, the
LGUs and supports their interest.              tasks of local authorities and the
However, the association has not been          duties they have to undertake.
active for the past few years due to
                                           •   The Planning and Building
political reasons.
                                               Law no. (79) for the year 1966
Administratively, the Palestinian              (Jordanian Planning Law) that
Government, represented by the                 continue to be applicable in the
different line ministries, is in charge        West Bank, especially Area C.
of issuing main policies and setting
                                           •   The Law of Expropriation no. (2)
the annual budgets at the national
                                               for the year 1953.

                                                                                      Aerial view of Nablus city © Flickr Audun Bakke Andersen

    Page   20
PUBLIC SPACE ASSESSMENT

Land and housing in                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Land ownership IN THE
                                                                                              P
the West Bank                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         WEST BANK
                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                                                     P                                                                                   P                                                           Tubas
                                                                                                                                        P                                                            P
                                                    P                                                                                                                Al Fandaqumiya
                                                                                                                                                                  Dhahr

In the West Bank, opportunities
                                                                                                                                                                      P              P                                                                                                                                                    J                                                                                           Land management in Palestine still
                                                        P                                             P

to adequate housing are limited,                                          P
                                                                                                                                      Bizzariya
                                                                                                                                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      a lagging behind sector, with various
                                                                                                  P
particularly in Area C and occupied                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                      Burqa
                                                                                                                                                                          P                                                                                  Yasid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      laws and by-laws inherited from
                                                                                                                                                                                               Beit
East Jerusalem. The high demand on                                                        P                                                                                                   Imrin
                                                                                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               P                                                         P                                                                                                            different eras that ruled over the
housing, especially in urban centers, P                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               planning sector in Palestine, (namely,
                                            P
                                                                  P                                                    Ramin                                                                    Nisf                                                                                                             P                                 Tammun
                                                                                                                               P                   Al
                                                                                                                                                                                               Jubeil
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P                                     P
coupled with the lack of proper                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       the Ottoman Period, British Mandate
                                                                                                                                                Mas'udiya                                            P
                                        P                                                                                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                          Sabastiya

                                                                                                                          DD
planning and regulation solutions, in                                 P                                                        DD
                                                                                                                                                                                P         Ijnisinya
                                                                                                                                                                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Talluza
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 P                                                                                                                                                    Period, Jordanian Administration
addition to high geopolitical constrains,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Al Badhan                                                                                                                            Period, Israeli Military Occupation and
                                                                                                                                                                                P An Naqura                                                                                                              P
and an outdated land management                                                               P           P           Sahel Deir
                                                                                                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Asira ash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Shamaliya                                                                                     Al 'Aqrabaniya                                                                             the Palestinian National Authority).
tools have all contributed to the                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Among which, Ottoman Land
                                                                                                                      haraf ('Arab                                                                                                                                                                                                                     P
                                                                                                                        De'is)                               Deir P                                                                                  P                                                                                                         An Nassariya
                                                             P                                                                                              Sharaf
emergence of random unregulated                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Laws have extensively affected land
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Khirbet         P       P       Beit
                                                                                                                                                                              Beit Iba                                                                                                                                                     Tall al
                                                                                                                                                                                               Zawata                                                                                                                                                                     Hasan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        #

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         D
                                                              P                                                                                                                  P                                                                                                                                                                                               P

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        D D DD
developments that are characterized by                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                regulations in Palestine. However,
                                                                                                                                                                  Qusin                              P                                                                                                                                      Ghar                                               Ein
                                                                                                                                                                      P                                                                                                                                                                                            P
                                                                                                                                                                                              Beit                        Ein Beit                                                                                                                                                            Shibli

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          D
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Shihda wa
highly dense residential areas within                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 important to note that land laws in
                                                                                  P                                                                                                          Wazan                                                                                                                                                                                              P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           el Mai
                                                                                                                                                                                               P                                  P                                                                                                                         Hamlan
                                                                                                                                                                                     Al Juneid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Camp        Nablus                            Askar            Azmut
the urban centers within Areas A and P                                                                                Kafr
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Palestine were manipulated by the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   D
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            P
                                                                  P                                                    ddum
                                                                                                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            J                            Camp                      Deir
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Abu

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   D
                                                                          P                                                                                                                                                                                                                     al Hatab                                                                                                                   Humsa
B, and particularly in occupied East
                                                                                                                      P                                                                                                                                                               P              P                                                                                                 Kbash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Israeli military orders and used as tools
                                                                                                                                    E

                                                                                                                                                    Jit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      - Al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Balata                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                      E

                                                                                                                                                    P                 Sarra                                                                                                                              Salim                                                                                                             Farsheh
Jerusalem.. Palestinians are forced to                                                                                                                                    P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Iraq
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Samaritan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Village
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Camp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Humsa -    to restrict Palestinian development
develop within a very limited, confined                                                           P                                                                                          Tell                              Burin                     P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Beit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Basaliya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           P          and confiscate their lands, burdening
                                                                                                          P
                                                                                                                          B
                                                                                                                          ?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                          55                                                                 P                                                                                                                                               Dajan
space due to the limited availability of                P P                                                                         Immatin                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Kafr
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Qalil
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Rujeib
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 P                                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Humsa -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Al Jufeh       the land management tools with more
                                                                                                                                         Far'ata                                                                                                                   P                                                                                                                                                           P
land, where this scarcity of land creates                                                                     P
                                                                                                                  q                   P         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Burin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Beit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Ja'waneh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Furush
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      challenges. Land titling in urbanized
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    P                                                                                                                                                  P
expensive housing options that do not                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                          Asira al Madama
                                                                                                                                                                                          Qibliya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P                                                                         Furik
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Beit Dajan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      areas of the West Bank is a slow process
                                                                                                          P
respond properly to the demand and                       P
                                                                                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      initiated by the Water and Land
capabilities of Palestinian families.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Awarta                                                                                              Khirbet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Settlement Agency, which operates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P                                                               Yanun
Studies have indicated that 61 percent
                                                P

                                                                                                  P
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Urif
                                                                                                                                                                                                             P                                               Odala
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P                                                        under the Land Authority.
of Palestinian families will need new P                                                                                                                                                                                     Einabus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Huwwara
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 P                                                                             P

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   P
housing units in the next decade                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Beita
                                                                                                                                                                    Zeita                                                                                            P
to replace old deteriorated units, in                                                                                                                             Jamma'in
                                                                                                                                                                      P                  Jamma'in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P

addition to the housing units needed                          P                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                               P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Osarin                        Aqraba
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Lifjim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P                               P
for natural growth.                       P
                                                                                      P                                                                                                                                                          P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Za'tara                                                                                                                           P

                                                                                                                                                        P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             D

                                                                                                                                                                                     D

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Alttawel
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 D

                                                                                                                                      P
The housing typology in Palestine is
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E

                                                                                                                                                                                 P                                                                                                                                                       and Tall al
                                                                      P                                               P                                                                                                   Yasuf
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Yatma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Khashaba
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P
characterized by either single, free-           P                                                                                                                                                        Iskaka
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           P                                           Qabalan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Jurish
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               P                                               8

                                                                                  P                                                                                                                          P
standing houses (ranging in height                                                                         PP                                                                                            !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Majdal
from one to three stories, usually    P                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Talfit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Qusra                    Bani
                                                                                                                                            P                                                                                              As Sawiya                                                                 P                   Fadil
occupied by one family) or multi-                                                                                                                             Salfit                                                                             P                                   P                                                     P

story apartment buildings occupied byP                                P
                                                                                                           P
                                                                                                                                                                       J                                            Al Lubban
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ash

                                                                                                          Oslo Interim
                                                                                      P                           P                                                                                                 Sharqiya
several families. Housing typologies                                                                               P
                                                                                                                     ha                                                                                                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Qaryut
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       P Khirbet P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jalud
                                                                                                                                                            Khirbet                                                                                                                         Sarra
vary between Palestinian cities and                                       P
                                                                                                          Agreement                                          Qeis
                                                                                                                                                                  P
                                                                                                                                                                                         Ammuriya
                                                                                                                                                                                               P                                                                                                 P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Dumarab al
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             PKa'abneh
depend on their densities, topography,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Khirbet al               P

growth rates, and socio-economic
                                                                                                           P                   Area A                                                                                                                                                                                              Marajim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      P
                                                                                                                                                P
                                                                                                      P
situation. Typologies are generally                                                   P
                                                                                                                               Area B                         P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           5                                                                                                                Ein ar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             s'ayya                                              #         Rashash
governed by the local master plans and                                                                                                                                                                                                                   P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P                                                                        P

                                                                                                                               Area C
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     e.

land use regulations                                                                                                                                                                                                P

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Nablus © UN-Habitat

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Page 21
Towards safety for women & girls in public spaces

State of public space

IMPACT OF PLANNING
AND DEVELOPMENT
REGULATIONS ON THE
PUBLIC SPACE
The urbanization and growth patterns
in the west Bank have negatively
affected the development of good
quality public spaces. Planning
regulations and bylaws in Palestine
were incapable of facilitating the
provision of open public spaces, and
mainly focused on the development of
the built up areas. Hence open public
spaces were treated negatively and were
not integrated in master plans and their
by-laws. Furthermore, no policies are
currently mainstreamed within the
Palestinian spatial planning system
that guide the planning, designing,
constructing, and managing the open
public spaces in cities and towns.

                                              Aerial view of Nablus © Flickr Audun Bakke Andersen

   Page   22
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