3rd ASIA PACIFIC QUALITY NETWORK GLOBAL SUMMIT 2018
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3rd ASIA PACIFIC QUALITY
NETWORK GLOBAL SUMMIT 2018
Quality Assurance for Higher Education 4.0 – Issues and Challenges
Prof. Intan Ahmad
Act. DIRECTOR GENERAL OF LEARNING AND STUDENT AFFAIRS
MINISTRY OF RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HIGHER EDUCATION
Bali, 28 August 2018
1
LEARN The illiterate of the 21st century will not be
those who cannot read and write, but those
RELEARN who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn.
UNLEARN (Alvin Toffler, Author and Futurist)
2
INDONESIA HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM
Mission: Improve access, relevancy, and quality of higher education
to produce qualified human resource
• HEIs Disparity in quality:
- Faculty : 285,599 (13,6% PhDs) 4,614 HEIs / 27,305 Study Programs
- Students : ~6.9 Million (Vocational/
Polytechnics 15%) Autonomou
- GER (2017): 33.37% s State Univ, Community
- Accreditation of study programs: 11 Academy, College, 18
A: 12.2%, B: 41%, C: 22.2% with a few 1,053
excellent ones (Study program with
International Accreditation, e.g.: ABET, University,
AACSB, JABEE, etc.) 3,261
• Research: Universities and Non Ministry
Government Institutions as the Indonesia
Higher education and research system Polytechnic,
(majority of publications produced by 271
Universities).
Source: FORLAP DIKTI, 24 July 2018
3
OPORTUNITY
AND CHALLENGE “
Indonesia to be world's th 4 Higher Education becomes the key
elements to facilitate economic
largest economy by 2050 (PwC,
2017) growth and development.
7th world's largest 4th world’s
>261 Million by 2030 largest by 2050
POPULATION ECONOMY ECONOMY
Demographic bonus McKinsey Global PricewaterhouseCoopers,
Institute, 2012 2017
Source: The World in 2050, Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC)
https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/economy/the-world-in-2050.html
4MoRTHE Priority Programs
Strategic Objectives 2015-2019
Improvement of HEIs Quality • International:
World Class University, International Accreditation
• National:
Institution (Univ) Accreditation, Study Program Accreditation,
% Graduate Professional Competencies Test
Improvement on relevancy • Graduate and Job Market
• Applied Research (Innovation) and the needs of society
• Entrepreneurs
Improvement on access to HEIs • Increasing access and equity (incl. affirmative) in higher education
• HEIs Gross Enrollment Rate
Improvement on competitiveness • Number of HEIs Top 300 in World Rankings & Top 100 Asia
• GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS INDEX
Improvement on Governance • Good HEIs Governance
5FACTS – TODAY (Globally)
Industry 4.0
Disruptive Technology
► Social challenges are mainly the immense risk of job
losses due to the automation of large segments of
operations in many industries as part of Industry 4.0. and
cybercrime due to increased connectivity, and (Morar,
2018)
► Social skills are important for a wide range of jobs. (The
Economist, 2017)
► Indonesia need to improve the quality of human
resources through the appropriate use of technology.
Image:
http://cloudfx.com/
(Parray, ILO, 2017)
6GLOBAL/AEC CHALLENGES
ASEAN Economic Community & Industrial Revolution 4.0
Indonesian Higher Education
System able to face the
challenges of globalization
(BPS, 2017)
and the knowledge-based (WEF, 2017)
economy. 36/137 ~6.3%
INDONESIA INDONESIA
Graduate Unemployment
Global Competitiveness Index (2018)
Image Credit: http://www.gobackgrounds.com/ 7According to the World Bank:
Top Issues in Higher Education in Many Countries
http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/tertiaryeducation
Quality Assurance/Government
Employability of Graduates
Financing
Diversification of Tertiary Education Emphasis on TVET
Equity and Access, and Innovation
8What priorities will be emphasized in higher education in
the next 5 years?* (Marmolejo, World Bank, 2017)
Bridging gap between education and employment 76.9%
Funding models for TE 69.2%
Improving quality assurance 69.2%
Improving governance 69.2%
Role of the private sector in TE 61.5%
Equity and access to TE 53.8%
Developing capacity of TEIs in science and innovation 53.8%
Innovation in educational delivery models used by TEIs 46.2%
Articulation between different types of TEIs and with
38.5%
Secondary Education
Non-university post secondary sector 38.5%
Fostering internationalization 38.5%
Greater focus on TEIs versus governments 38.5%
*Multiple responses
Diversification in institutional mission of TEIs 15.4%
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%
9Questioning about Quality and Quality Education: should be
Relevance of Higher Education able to prepare/ provide skills
needed to get a job
Curiosity, creativity, grit, digital awareness, contextual
thinking and humility (Selingo, 2016)
72 % of
Educators Top 10 Skill Priorities Identified by Employers:
1. Positive Work Habits
2. Communication
Source: McKinsey Center for Government (2012), 3. Technical
Education to Employment: Designing a System that Works
42 % of (survey on 8,000 universities and industry in 25 4. Writing
Employers countries).
5. English
6. Mathematics
Hypothesis: the labor market is demanding a 7. Problem Solving
combination of skills different to the ones that 8. Reading
are being provided by the educational system. 9. Computer
10. Team Work
10Point to ponder about quality
of education in
Industrial Revolution 4.0
Google, one of the most difficult companies
in the world for a university graduate to get
a job (Laszlo Bock @google)
• Up to 2010 it required: SAT, GRE/GMAT Scores,
Transcript, and other academic credentials
one dimension of a person, only limited to 2-3
years after college.
• Google developed a new method to assess: how
candidates able to solve problems in real life.
Image: desktopbackground.org 11The Challenges: Relevance of education & job need to be adjusted with the
HR DEVELOPMENT rapid development of science and technology, but still,
should emphasize on the aspect of humanity.
in Indonesia
(WEF, 2017) (U.S. Department of
65% of Future Jobs Not Yet Been Invented Labor, 2017)
36th/
137 countries PricewaterhouseCoopers (2017) research: 38% of jobs in the US, 30%
in the UK, 35% in Germany, and 21% in Japan will be replaced by
Singapore [3]
INDONESIA Malaysia [23]
robots/ automation by 2030.
COMPETITIVENESS Thailand [32]
JOB &
(BPS, Feb 2018) EMPLOYER
6.3% / 789,113
INDUSTRY 4.0
ERA EDUCATION Disconnect between
BACHELOR’S education and
UNEMPLOYMENT employment: to get
a job: have acquired
set of skills
12Quality HE needs to incorporate Preparing competitive graduates
New Literacies – Facing IR4.0
1. Data Literacy
New orientation of curriculum New literacies: The ability to read, to analyze, to use
(the existing ones was designed to information (Big Data) in the digital
face the previous IR), incl. world.
Liberal/Gen.Ed
2. Technology Literacy
The old literacies (reading, writing The ability to understand mechanical
(system) work, to use the application
and math), have to be
of technology like (Coding, Artificial
strengthened as well as by adding Intelligence, & Engineering Principles,
the new literacies, if we would like (Aoun, MIT, 2017) biotechnology).
to produce qualified human who
can thrive in digital era. 3. Human Literacy
Humanities, Communication,
+ Lifelong learning Creativity, entrepreneurial,
cultural agility.
(the key to remain relevance
and competitive: any degree
is not enough)
13Issues & Challenges:
MoRTHE Strategy in Enhancing QA for HE 4.0
Efforts
Issues Challenges
Best Practices Next Steps
Education 4.0 • Compatibility to crossborder QA • Learning Grant in the National Roadmad for Education
Readiness framework of Education 4.0 4.0
Learning • New learning approach to deal • Grant for General Education Holistic Education/Meta-
Orientation with complexity, diversity, and (incld. New Literacies) knowledge
change IR 4.0 era
• The emergence of lifelong
learning
Integration of • The rapid growth of ICT • IQA online Integration of National System
Information System • QA as driver for collaboration • PIN and SIVIL
Teaching • The rise of MOOC, blended • Sinta (national publication • Flexible Teaching Delivery
Process/Lecturer learning, flipped learning, open index) System (open source,
Competency education • SPADA (Indonesian MOOCs) multiplatform, multimedia,
• Quality Assurance Standard for self-paced)
non‐traditional modes of learning • SPADA – Cyber University
14MoRTHE Strategy: Building Trust QA for HE 4.0
• Improve positive impacts to enhance QUALITY of LIFE for humanity
through Holistic Education adapted to the development of IR 4.0
Outcome-based Education • Provide an adaptable and satisfied SOLUTIONS (Human Resource and
Research Products) contextually to the current and future need of society
(Stakeholders) adapted to the development of IR 4.0
• Provide standards and procedures of assessment effectively and
efficiently to assure the comparable quality of HE.
Reliable QA Process/ Assessment
• Maintain trustworthy of QA process/ assessment through professional,
objectivity and independency of assessors.
Continuous Improvement of QA • Improve QA system continuously to assure and follow the quality
System development of HEIs in facing the challenge and need of education 4.0
Competitiveness of Comparable • Evaluate and increase comparable standards of National QA to be
Standards (Regional and recognized and accredited regionally and internationally
International) • Minimize gap and increase equal quality of HEIs nationally
15Thank You
http://belmawa.ristekdikti.go.id/
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