Matters 2018 - American Society of Mining and Reclamation
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OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION
reclamation
matters Spring 2018
2018
Conference
and Program
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2 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018
855.894.1702
In this issue reclamation
matters
President's Message: is published by
Mined Land Reclamation in the Anthropocene .................................. 4 DEL Communications Inc.
www.delcommunications.com
Editor's Message: President
Income Opportunities on Reclaimed Mine Land ................................ 6 David Langstaff
Publisher
2018 ASMR Conference Program .................................................... 8 Jason Stefanik
managing Editor
2018 ASMR Conference Committee ............................................. 15 Lyndon McLean
lyndon@delcommunications.com
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Extra Activities at the 2018 ASMR Meeting in St. Louis .................. 16 Dayna Oulion
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Coal Mining in Illinois: SALES Representatives
Reclamation of the Land Surface, Soils and Drainage .................... 18 Cheryl Ezinicki
Ross James
2018 CLRA/Atlantic Reclamation Conference Production services
Call for Abstracts ........................................................................ 22 S.G. Bennett Marketing Services
ART DIRECTOR
Kathy Cable
Establishing Riparian Woody Vegetation for
Constructed Streams on Mined Lands LAYOUT
Using the Forestry Reclamation Approach ..................................... 23 Dave Bamburak
ADVERTISING ART
Mushroom Compost: What is it and How is it Used? ...................... 28 Dana Jensen
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Printed in CANADA | 03/2018
message
PRESIDENT's message
Mined Land
Reclamation in
the Anthropocene
By Kimery Vories, ASMR President
T
he Anthropocene Epoch − the our world to the atmosphere, the oceans, to humans and environment that can
unofficial interval of geologic vegetation, ecosystems, wildlife, and fresh result from the uncontrolled extraction
time making up the third water resources. process and pollutant by-products can be
worldwide division of the massive and long-lasting. The importance
The field of energy and environment is
Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago of protecting the environment from the
very much on the cutting edge of this
to the present) – is characterized as the new reality as most of the resources destructive aspects of human activity on
time in which the collective activities of involved require mining or other large- the environment has become an integral
human beings began to substantially alter scale surface disturbance. The benefits of component in the education at every
Earth’s surface, atmosphere, oceans, and mining can be found in almost everything school grade level and in the media. By
systems of nutrient cycling. On an almost that makes our civilization work and contrast, however, very few people have
daily basis, we are made aware of the have been an essential element since the any education on where the resources
increasing impacts of human activity on beginning (Genesis 2:11-12). The damage come from and how they are all put
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4 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018
together to make our civilization work. In values are protected for future use. In sites reveal a landscape that is almost
fact, people who are not directly involved the early days of the implementation indistinguishable from undisturbed land.
with mining and reclamation are generally of the Surface Mining Control and How future generations are going to
unaware of how extensively their lives Reclamation Act, however, the main handle meeting civilization’s energy needs
depend on products and services that actors could easily be mistaken for in the future with or without fossil fuels
could only be provided with resources that participants in a shotgun wedding. Over is a question that remains to be solved.
have been mined. time, the increasingly positive results of What has been clearly proven by the
During my lifetime, I have witnessed this complete integration of planning Surface Mining Control and Reclamation
the results of the most positive and for the protection of all aspects of the Act is that the complete integration
progressive program on the planet for mining and reclamation process can be of environmental protection into the
transforming the impacts of mineral seen in the annual reclamation awards total mining and reclamation process
extraction with a holistic ecosystem presented to the mining industry by the should be the goal both of society and
reconstruction process. This program Office of Surface Mining Reclamation all professionals involved in mined land
ensures that the site environmental and Enforcement. These reclaimed mine reclamation. ■
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RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 5
message message
editor's
Income Opportunities
on Reclaimed Mine Land
By Jeff Skousen
West Virginia University
I
n January 2018, we held a session entitled “Income reclaimed to pasture or forest land. Establishing agricultural
Opportunities on Reclaimed Mine Land” as part of the West enterprises on mined lands has recently gained attention because
Virginia Coal Symposium. I got the idea for this meeting last of the large acreages of flat or gently rolling reclaimed land that
fall because there were several groups of people who were is available. Flat land is highly desirable in Appalachia. The use
doing unique and valuable projects on reclaimed mine lands but of reclaimed land for agriculture has only been practiced on a
none of them knew about each other. So I decided that we should few sites and on relatively small acreages. But it is estimated that
have a meeting where we could share the ideas and opportunities as much as 25 percent of the reclaimed land in this region may
for generating income on reclaimed mine lands. This was the be suitable for agriculture crops such as livestock production,
preface to the meeting: vegetables, grains, and specialty crops. Specialty crops include
“Surface coal mines prior to 1950 in the eastern US coal region lavender, hemp, apples and other tree fruits, Christmas tree
were generally left with little to no reclamation. As government plantations, and horticultural crop production in greenhouses. A
regulations advanced, mine operators were required to backfill soil resource is necessary for quality and productivity of the crop
the area and plant grasses or trees. After the federal Surface grown.”
Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) was passed
The session consisted of 10 presentations on land uses ranging
in 1977, mine operators were required to conduct pre-mining
from a major Boy Scout National Campground to specialty
analyses of the site, prepare a mining plan, and designate a land
and high value crops on reclaimed lands. You can go to https://
use that could be achieved after mining. Reclamation on today’s
American surface coal mines is fully integrated with the mining wvmdtaskforce.com/income-opportunities-on-reclaimed-mine-
operation. A suitable and effective post-mining land use that lands/ to access the presentations.
is sustainable for future generations is crucial to the long-term I hope others are considering the valuable resource that these
success and profitability of the mining business and is vital to lands present to landowners. Our goal as land reclamationists is
economic benefits in the future. Accepted post-mining land uses to provide lands that have lasting value and sustainable conditions
in this region are 1) hay land and pasture, 2) agriculture, 3) biofuel for future benefits. During land reclamation, we should reflect
crops, 4) forestry, 5) wildlife habitat, and 6) industrial/urban on the end goal and the ultimate use of that land. Land is a
development. Successful establishment of these post-mining land permanent resource, and we should contemplate what the land
uses has been demonstrated throughout the region. Post-mining will be like in 20, 50, and 100 years from now. Will it provide
conditions should provide ecosystem services and produce lands services that will benefit society and the surrounding ecosystem?
capable of supporting societal needs in the future. Will you be proud of the work you did there 25 years after
Most of the mined land during the past three decades was reclamation? ■
6 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018
Income Opportunities
on Reclaimed Mine Lands
Stone Crusher Demonstration at Mine 22
to make mine soils for agriculture
Chestnut growth on reclaimed mine lands
Darrell Sears of WV National Guard holding apple at Arch Coal near Summersville, WV
seedling at Muddlety Site
Students enrolled in the Green Mining Model
Business Program at Lavender site
Sponsored by: Refresh Appalachia Agriculture Project at
Mine 22 is demonstrating livestock
production with 60 hogs, 200 chickens and
20 goats
2018 Conference Program
2018 Conference Program
CONFERENCE SITE
2018 Conference Program
The conference center and hotel is the RENAISSANCE St. Louis Airport Hotel at 9801 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO
63134. A block of rooms has been reserved at the rate of $139 per night including hotel parking. A special government
rate for government employees traveling on government per diem is available with appropriate ID at $129 per night.
CONFERENCE
The room block is under ASMR. Room reservations can also be10:00
SITE madea.m. - 4:00 p.m.......................NEC Meeting – Lindbergh AB
at www.asmr.us.
The conference center and hotel is the RENAISSANCE St. 6:30 p.m.– 9:00 p.m.......................Welcome Reception –
Louis Airport Hotel at 9801 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO Concourse BCD
The hotel phone number is (314) 429-1100.
63134. A block of rooms has been reserved at the rate of $139
Monday, June 4, 2018
per night including hotel parking. A special government rate
for government employees traveling on government per diem is TRANSPORTATION
6:30 a.m. – 9:00 a.m........................Breakfast – Concourse BCD
available with appropriate ID at $129 per night. The room block is 6:30 a.m. – 7:30 a.m........................Haulin’ ASMR - Meet in lobby
The conference
under ASMR. Room center/hotel
reservationsiscan
located
also besouth
made of
at Interstate 70 just across from the Lambert St. Louis International Air-
7:00 a.m.– 8:30 a.m........................Wild Women of Reclamation –
port. A hotelThe
www.asmr.us. shuttle
hotel is available
phone number from the airport
is (314) to the hotel. Hotel
429-1100. parking is included in the registration for those who
Lambert A
arrive by car.
TRANSPORTATION 7:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m........................Registration – Concourse Foyer
The conference center/hotel is located south of Interstate 70 just 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m........................Silent Auction – Lambert CD
across from the Lambert St. Louis International Airport. A hotel 9:00 a.m.– 9:30 a.m.........................Plenary Session - Concourse A
shuttle is available from the airport to the hotel. Hotel parking is
Kimery Vories – ASMR President –Welcome
included in the registration for those who arrive by car.
Robert Darmody – ASMR Executive Secretary –Welcome &
Announcements
Sunday, June 3, 2018 9:30 a.m.- 10:00 a.m. .....................Break - Exhibit Hall -
8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. ......................Registration - Concourse Foyer Concourse BCD
10:00 a.m.– 5:00 p.m.....................Exhibitor Setup – Concourse BCD 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 noon ................Keynote Speakers
Greg Conrad, Executive Director, Interstate Mining Compact
Restoring the native balance Commission: The State of the Regulatory Environment
from the States' Perspective
Dan Barkley, Illinois DNR, Office of Mines and Minerals:
Longwall Subsidence Mitigation of Farmland: Challenges
and Accomplishments Over 35 Years
Peabody Rep, Peabody Energy: Update and Current Trends in
Global Coal Mining
12:00 noon – 2:00 p.m. ..................ASMR Awards Luncheon -
ernstseed.com
Renaissance Ballroom
sales@ernstseed.com
800-873-3321 2:00 p.m.– 5:30 p.m.......................PM Cultural Tour 1 – Lewis
and Clark State Historic Site See website at: http://
campdubois.com - Meet in Lobby
8 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018
Monday, June 4, Technical Sessions
SUBSIDENCE FORESTRY EVALUATION SOILS
SESSION 1A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 1B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 1C - GATWICK AB
2:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Agricultural Longwall Hickory and Oak Growth Development of Soil
Subsidence Mitigation Over 10 Years in Response to Physicochemical Properties
Utilizing Subsurface Drainage Initial Fertilization. By Jennifer of Reclaimed Croplands in
Systems: Why Can't We Make Franklin and D.S. Buckley a Large Opencast Mining
It Better. By Gerry Spinner Area on the Loess Plateau. By
and Dan Barkley Yingui Cao
2:30 p.m. - 3:00 p.m. Overview of Insar Technology Survival, Growth, and Blight Soil Stockpile Seed Viability
For Areas Monitoring Incidence of Chestnuts on an is Affected by Depth and
Subsidence Over Undermined FRA-Reclaimed Coal Mine Current Surface Vegetation.
Areas. By Zach Agioutantis in Southwestern Virginia. By By Jennifer Buss, Student and
Sara Klopf Brad Pinno
3:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. Response of Petro Pipelines Soil Water Quality of Early Physical, Chemical and
to Longwall Subsidence. By Reforested Mine Site Twelve Biological Impacts of Using
Gennaro Marino Years after Reclamation. By Stockpiled vs Directly Placed
Amir Hass Reclamation Soils. By Brad
Pinno
3:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. BREAK - CONCOURSE BCD
SUBSIDENCE FORESTRY EVALUATION SOILS
SESSION 2A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 2B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 2C - GATWICK AB
4:00 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. An Assessment of Long- The Influence Effect of Alders (Alnus sp.)
wall Mining Subsidence on Herbaceous Vegetation on Technosols Development
Internationally Important on Ectomycorrhizal Root on Lignite Combustion
Floodplain Meadows: I. Plant Colonization and Nutrient Wastes Disposal. By Marcin
Communities and Their Uptake. By Jenise Bauman, M. Pietrzykowski
Response to Increase in Fergus, and J.A. Franklin
Wetness. By Paul Benyon and
Neal Humphries
4:30 p.m. -5:00 p.m. An Assessment of Long- Using Groundcover to A Pedologic View of
wall Mining Subsidence on Outcompete Tall Fescue Geomorphic Reclamation
Internationally Important (Festuca arundinacea) Without View in Wyoming. By Amanda
Floodplain Meadows: II. A Outcompeting Tree Seedlings Pennino, Student
Model for the Prediction and on a Legacy Mine Site. By
Quantification of Impact and Matt Aldrovandi, Student, and
Mitigation. By Neil Humphries J. Franklin
and Paul Benyon
5:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. Reliance, Wyoming Mine Technical Division (TD) Geocoding of American
Subsidence Mitigation Project. meeting - Society of Mining and
By Doug Beahm Reclamation Proceedings:
A New Tool and Patterns in
Reclamation Research. By Kari
Lagan, Student and Ashley
Rovder
Social Dinner 6:00 – 9:00 PM – Renaissance Ballroom: Living Legends features
“The Life and Times of a Career Reclamationist” by Vernon Pfannenstiel.
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 9
Tuesday, June 5, 2018
6:30 a.m. – 8:30 a.m............................Breakfast – Concourse BCD 7:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m............................Registration – Concourse Foyer
6:30 a.m. – 7:30 a.m............................Haulin’ ASMR - Meet in lobby 8:30 a.m. – 5:30 p.m............................Poster Session - Heathrow AB
8:00 a.m. –6:00 p.m.............................Silent Auction – Lambert CD
NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES POSTERS ABANDONED MINE LANDS
SESSION 3A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 3B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 3C - GATWICK AB
8:30 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. WebGIS Application Implementation of the
to Visualize Historical 2016 AML Pilot Program
Reclamation Research Sites in Pennsylvania: Successes,
Using a Modified QGIS2Web Challenges, and Lessons
Framework. By David Leifer, Learned. By Eric Cavazza
Student, and Ruopu Li
9:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m. Using Novel Geophysical Planning and Implementation
Techniques to Relate of the 2017 AML Pilot
Surface Coal Mining Fill Program in Pennsylvania. By
Characteristics to Effluent Eric Cavazza
Stream Water Quality. By
Kathryn Little, Student, and
Erich Hester
9:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. Surveyor in the Sky: Using Investigations of Acidic
Very High-resolution Drone- Discharges from the Historic
collected Data to Monitor Mining of the Davis and
Ecological Restoration. By Dekoven Coal Beds in
Grayson Koenemann, Student Southern Illinois. By Paul
Behum and A. Mick
10:00 A.M. - 10:30 A.M. BREAK - CONCOURSE BCD
MINE POOL STUDIES POSTERS ABANDONED MINE LANDS
SESSION 4A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 4B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 4C - GATWICK AB
10:30 a.m. - 11:00 a.m. Statistical Modeling of Developing diverse,
Mine Pool Formation in effective, and permanent
Underground Coal Mines plant communities on
of Ohio. By Lindsey Schafer, reclaimed surface coal mines:
Student, and N. Kruse Daniels establishing ecosystem
function in reconstructed
wildlands by Edward Vasquez
11:00 a.m. -11:30 p.m. Data Management for OSM Eucalypt Plantations for Mine
Mine Pool Project at Ohio Site Rehabilitation, Carbon
University: Lessons Learned. Sequestration and Wood
By Rebecca Steinberg, Student, Products in the Hunter Valley,
and N. Kruse Daniels Australia by Ashley Webb
11:30 a.m. -12:00 p.m. Modelling and parameter Reclamation in Smelter-
sensitivity of mine pool Impacted Landscapes in
formation in the Meigs Mine, Northern Regions - A
Ohio by Frederick Twumasi, Comparison of Canadian and
Student, and N. Kruse Daniels Russian Experiences by Peter
Beckett
10 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 201812:00 P.M. - 2:00 P.M. LUNCH - RENAISSANCE BALLROOM
2:00 – 5:30 PM Cultural Tour 2 – Jefferson National Memorial Gateway to the West
The Gateway Arch reflects St. Louis' role in the Westward Expansion of the United States during the nineteenth century. The park
is a memorial to Thomas Jefferson's role in opening the West, to the pioneers who helped shape its history, and to Dred Scott who
sued for his freedom in the Old Courthouse. See website at: (https://www.nps.gov/jeff/index.htm)- Meet in the Lobby
TAR CREEK, OK POSTERS RECLAMATION
SESSION 5A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 5B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 5C - GATWICK AB
2:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Metal Mass Retention in A Proactive Approach
Passive Treatment Systems at to Imperiled Species
the Tar Creek Superfund Site. Management: Monarch
By Robert Nairn Butterfly Habitat
Enhancement on Mined Lands
to Prevent Federal Listing. By
Kristi Dodson
2:30 p.m. - 3:00 p.m. Geospatial Distribution of Geomorphic Reclamation and
Trace Metals in Soils of a Landscape Heterogeneity:
Mining Impacted Agricultural Results of Vegetation Analysis
Watershed. By Amy Sikora, and Implications for Wildlife.
Student By Kurt Fleisher, Student
3:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. Metals Retention and Impacts of a Modified Forestry
Remobilization in a Small Reclamation Approach on
Mine Drainage Impacted Seedling Growth and Survival
Stream Colonized by Castor on Reclaimed Mines in the
canadensis (North American Western Gulf. by Cassie
Beaver). by Nick Shepard, Phillips, Student
Student
3:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. BREAK - CONCOURSE BCD
PASSIVE TREATMENT POSTERS FORESTRY RECLAMATION
SESSION 6A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 6B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 6C - GATWICK AB
4:00 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. Phytoremediation of Phytophthora cinnamomi
Stormwater by Aquatic is Capable of Colonizing
Macrophytes. By Michael Forestry Reclamation
Nattrass, Student Approach Sites. By Kenton
Sena, Student
4:30 p.m. -5:00 p.m. Measuring the Recovery of Aspen Sprouting Response to
Fish Communities in a First Above Ground Disturbance on
Order Stream to Tar Creek a Reclaimed Boreal Oil Sands
After Implementation of Two Site in Alberta, Canada. By
Passive Treatment Systems. By Stephanie Jean
Nick Shepard, Student
5:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. A Comparison of Methods Switchgrass and Giant
for Analyses of Soil Trace Miscanthus Biomass from
Metals in a Mining Impacted Reclaimed Mine Lands. By Jeff
Agricultural Watershed. By Skousen and Steffany Mellor
Amy Sikora, Student
Social Dinner: 6:00 – 8:00 PM Renaissance Ballroom: featuring the Muddy Horse Band
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 11WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6, TECHNICAL SESSIONS
6:30 a.m. – 7:30 a.m............................Haulin’ ASMR - Meet in lobby 7:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m............................Registration - Concourse Foyer
6:30 a.m. – 8:00 a.m............................Breakfast – Concourse BCD 8:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m...........................Silent Auction – Lambert CD
RECLAMATION
PASSIVE TREATMENT RECLAMATION
CONSTRUCTION
SESSION 7B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 7C - GATWICK AB
SESSION 7A - ORLY ROOM
8:00 a.m. - 8:30 a.m. Initial Evaluation of Ripper Passive System Rehabilitation Land Cover Monitoring
and Tillage Methods on of a High Flow Acidic Coal for Mining Reclamation
Reclaimed Heavy Mineral Mine Discharge. By Ryan Area Based Random Forest
Mine Soils. By Zenah Orndorff Mahony Classification from Remotely
Sensed Images. By Chen
Yuanpeng
8:30 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. Selection Criteria for Targeted Maintenance The Use of GPS Treatment
Sedimentation Ponds that Efforts to Ensure a Decade of Data and ArcGIS Tools to
may be Transitioned to Successful Passive Treatment. Evaluate Herbicide Treatment
Permanent Impoundments for By Robert Nairn Effectiveness on a Reclaimed
a Reclaimed Surface Mine in Coal Mine. By Wayne
the Southwest USA. By Kyle Erickson
Kutter
9:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m. Integrating Geochemical Manganese Oxide Production Why Does Cobalt Supply
Characterization and Field and Harvesting Using Metal Need to Move Out of Africa?
Procedures in Construction Removal Units. By Colin By Rahul Verma
to Mitigate Potentially Acid- Lennox
Generating Materials in
Northern Minnesota, USA. By
Mehgan Blair
9:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. BREAK - CONCOURSE BCD
RECLAMATION AND
WATER TREATMENT RECLAMATION
BOND COST
SESSION 8B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 8C - GATWICK AB
SESSION 8A - ORLY ROOM
10:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m. Case Study to Assess the Costs Peat Based Sorption Media The Deployment and Risks
of the Appalachian Regional – Passive Treatment of Trace Associated with Different
Reforestation Initiative's Metals Without a Stink. By Types and Combinations of
(ARRI) Forest Reclamation Paul Eger Earth Moving Equipment in
Approach. By Jacob Johnson the Restoration of Soil Profiles.
An Updating of the UK
Guidance. By Neil Humphries
10:30 a.m. - 11:00 a.m. Anticipating the True Costs of Dominant Trace Metal Hydrology-Based
Mine Closure Reclamation. By Removal Products in a Design of Geomorphic
Zachary Wappes Hard Rock Mine Discharge Evapotranspiration Covers for
Bioreactor. By Julie LaBar Reclamation of Mine Land. By
Z. Fred Zhang
12 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 201811:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. Reclamation Bond Selenium, Uranium, and Hydrologic Budgets and
Optimization Using 3d-dig Nitrate: Treatment of Conservative Ions: Potentially
Plus. By Jake Anderson Troublesome Contaminants Important Yet Neglected
in Mining Wastewaters – EBR Tools in the Evaluation of
Case Studies. By Ola Opara Passive Treatment System
Effectiveness. By Robert Nairn
11:30 P.M. - 1:00 P.M. STUDENT AWARDS AND SILENT AUCTION RESULTS - RENAISSANCE BALLROOM
1:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Cultural Tour 3 – Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site
Website: https://cahokiamounds.org Meet in Lobby
HYDROLOGY WATER TREATMENT RECLAMATION
SESSION 9A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 9B - HEATHROW AB SESSION 9C - GATWICK AB
1:00 p.m. - 1:30 p.m. Quantitative Evaluation The Use of Calcite What is the best time of
of Flow Loss Restoration Precipitation to Treat Zinc-, year to use prescribed fire to
Associated with Undermined Lead-, and Cadmium-bearing control invasive shrubs? A
Streams at the Bailey Mine in Mine Drainage at the Rex Case Study from the Upper
Southwestern Pennsylvania. Mine Site Coeur d’ Alene, Midwest. By Yari Johnson
By Michael Shema Idaho. By Kent Whiting
1:30 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. Innovation of Filling Retrofitting a Lime Doser Loblolly Pine Survival and
Reclamation with Multi- with Automatic Siphon and Growth on a Reclaimed
Layered Soil Profile. By Zhenqi MixWell System. By Tim Mineral Sands Mine in
Hu Danahy Southeastern Virginia. By Sara
Klopf
2:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Seasonal Trends in Water Lion Mining Borehole Project: Restoring Wyoming Big
Quality in a Treated Acid Drilling a Flowing Artesian Sagebrush to Annual Brome-
Mine Drainage Impaired Water Well into a Mine Pool. Invaded Landscapes with
Stream. By Natalie Kruse By Daniel Guy Seeding and Herbicides. By
Daniels Matthew Rinella
2:30 P.M. - 3:00 P.M. BREAK - CONCOURSE BCD
TD BUSINESS MEETINGS
WATERSHED APPROACHES SOIL TECHNOLOGY
SESSION 10B
SESSION 10A - ORLY ROOM SESSION 10C - GATWICK AB
- HEATHROW AB
3:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. A Suite of Options at Tar Sloping Sand Filtration Bed for
Creek. By Tim Kent, Craig Mineral Sand Plant Effluent
Kreman, and Summer King Clarification by Jim Gusek
3:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. Treatment Success in a TD Business Meetings Biotic Soil Technology for
Heavily Mined Watershed Cost Effective Mine Closure
in Ohio. By Natalie Kruse Cover Systems. By Mark
Daniels Theisen
4:00 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. TD Business Meetings
4:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. TD Business Meetings
5:00 PM – 7:00 PM NEC COMMITTEE MEETING – BOARD ROOM 4
6:00 PM -8:00 PM EARLY CAREER PROFESSIONALS EVENT–MEET IN LOBBY—DINNER ON YOUR OWN
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 13Thursday, June 7, 2018
Breakfast on Your Own
7:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m............................Professional Tour #1: Remediation of Underground Mine Subsidence on Farmland in Illinois.
Meet in Lobby at 7:30 a.m.
8:30 a.m. – 2:00 p.m............................Professional Tour #2: Prairie State Power Plant and Coal Mine, Meet in Lobby at 8:30 a.m.
Titles of Posters Presented on Tuesday, June 5, 2018
1. Individual Tree and Stand-Level proposed solutions by Justin Hugo, 14. Analysis of EPA Mandated Soil
Carbon and Nutrient Contents Student Amendments by Madison Peppers,
Across One Rotation of Loblolly Pine 7. Seasonal recovery of an Appalachian Student
Plantations on a Reclaimed Surface stream affected by acid mine drainage
Mine by Hannah Angel, Student 15. Continued Asessment of Acid Mine
and municipal wastewater by Justin Drainage Treatment Systems in the
2. Investigation Acidic Discharges at the Hugo, Student, and John Gaughan Greater Kumurana Valley, Bolivia by
Monahan Abandoned Mine Lands
8. Seeding Techniques to Promote Andrew Potopa, Student
Site, Kansas by Paul Behum
Woody Plant Establishment in the
3. Restoring an Oak Savanna in the 16. Use of Poultry Litter, Swine Mortality
Northern Great Plains by Gabe
Upper Mississippi Valley Zinc-Lead Johnson Compost, and FGD Gypsum on
District by Dan Brumm, Student and Reclaimed Mine Soil in Mississippi by
9. Restoration of the Soil Microbiome
Cody Zink, co-presenter John Read
Following Mine Land Reclamation by
4. Mine reclamation using bioenergy Jennifer Kane, Student 17. The Role of Algal Biomass Growth on
crops: An investigation into plant- Nutrient and Metal Interactions at the
10. Rehabilitation of the Reitz #1 Passive
microbe interactions of switchgrass Sediment-Water Interface by Zepei
Treatment System by Julie LaBar and
(Panicum virgatum) by Zachary Tang, Student
Grace Bailey, Student (presenter)
Freedman and Brianna Mayfield,
Student 11. Mummified and Partially Petrified 18. A Lab-Based System to Study
Wood from an Eocene Deposit in the Microbial Impacts on Passive
5. Correlating Surface Water Quality
Mississippi by David Lang Remediation Systems for AMD by
and Spectral Reflectance with small
Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS)- 12. China’s Mining Land Policies and Michelle Valkanas, Student
Collected Imagery by Brandon Reclamation Practices by Luo Ming 19. Quantifying Sulfide Removal Using
Holzbauer-Schweitzer, Student 13. Geomorphic Reclamation: A pioneer Solar Powered-Aeration in Passive
6. Stormwater management for a large method on the frontier of the Wild Treatment of Net Alkaline Mine
open-cast coal mine: A case study and West by Amanda Pennino, Student Waters by Taylor Wall, Student
Meeting Financial Sponsors/Exhibitors (to date)
Platinum Bronze (also Exhibiting) Break Sponsors
(opportunities still exist)
Rocky Mountain Bio Products
BKS Environmental Associates, Inc.
Forest Keeling Nursery
Breakfast Sponsors
BKS Environmental Associates, Inc.
(opportunities still exist)
Pacific Inter-Mountain Distribution Granite Seed Company
Granite Seed Co. (Monday and Tuesday)
Early Career Professional Event
Civil and Environmental Consultants
Exhibitors Only
BRS Engineering
Respec
Ernst Conservation Seeds
Truax Co. Inc.
Conference Mobile App Manager Trihydro Corporation
Trihydro Corporation BioMost, Inc.
14 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018ASMR 2018 Program Committee
Dan Barkley .................................................Illinois Office of Mines and Minerals
Amy Blyth ....................................................Trihydro Corporation
Dr. Robert Darmody ..................................ASMR Executive Secretary
See you Dr. Gwen Geidel .........................................University of South Carolina
Paul Griswold ..............................................Peabody Energy
in beautiful Chris Johnston ............................................Intermountain Labs
Brenda Schladweiler ..................................BKS Environmental Assoc., Inc.
Big Sky, Montana Dr. Stephen Schroeder ..............................Retired North Dakota PSC
Reclamation Division
in June
2019! Dean Spindler .............................................Illinois Office of Mines and Minerals
Dr. Pete Stahl ...............................................University of Wyoming
Thank you for your support Kimery Vories .............................................ASMR President, Event Chairperson
and attendance this year. Dustin Wasley .............................................GeoEngineers
Thursday, June 7, 2018
Professional Field Trips
Professional Field Trip 1 - Remediation
of Underground Mine Subsidence on
Farmland in Illinois. This field trip
will tour the surface areas over two
longwall mines in Central Illinois.
The first mine performed longwall
Monday, June 4, 2018 Social Dinner operations in 17 panels from 1994 until
2007. Much of the area is flat prime
Social Dinner 6:00 PM – 9:00 PM –
farmland and experienced substantial
Renaissance Ballroom
drainage problems. The panel subsidence
Living Legends features “The Life and troughs are readily evident in many the magnitude of longwall subsidence
Times of a Career Reclamationist” by areas. Successful drainage restoration and a good overview of the practices
Vernon Pfannenstiel. work through both surface waterways necessary to restore
and subsurface drainage tile will be
discussed and viewed. Lunch will be Thursday, June 7, 2018
at a restaurant in Litchfield Illinois on Professional Field Trips
Historic Route 66. The second mine was Professional Field Trip 2 - Prairie State
more recently initiated but has been Power Plant and Coal Mine – The Prairie
idled due to underground issues. Three State Energy Campus is setting a new
longwall panels were mined and subsided standard for clean coal production. The
at this facility prior to the idling in 2015. state-of-the-art energy campus uses
Maximum subsidence experienced in modern technology to produce cleaner,
Tuesday Night Social the two longwall areas range from about baseload electricity for their member
4.5 feet to 7 feet. For participants who communities. See website at: https://
Social Dinner: 6:00 PM – 8:00 PM - have not had the opportunity to see prairiestateenergycampus.com. Meet in
Renaissance Ballroom featuring the
subsidence from longwall mining, the Lobby at 8:30AM. Trip should last about
Muddy Horse Band.
tour will give an excellent perspective of 5 hours returning at 2 PM.
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 15message
Extra Activities at 2018 ASMR
Extra Activities at 2018
ASMR Meeting in St. Louis
Haulin’ ASMR Wild Women of Reclamation to keep in touch with each other
throughout the coming year. This is an easy
Where/When: 6:30 a.m., conference Where/When: 7:00-8:15 a.m., Tuesday
June 5th. All women involved in way to build up contacts, share ideas and
hotel lobby, Sunday through
reclamation are invited − just grab your receive counsel, and to learn about other
Thursday during the conference.
breakfast and a colleague and meet at the careers. It is always interesting to find out
Haulin’ ASMR is the low-key designated conference room. how well this has worked throughout the
running group that meets for year. We have now started a newsletter
Wild Women of Reclamation (WWR)
6:30 a.m. runs in the conference that will go out several times a year, or as
originated in Laramie in 2013 as an idea
hotel lobby. We usually run for often as we can get stories. The content is a
of Brenda Schladweiler. WWR was an
30-50 minutes (depends on the integral part of the agenda at the 2014 way to inform and to share. After the first
conference schedule). The pace national meeting of ASMR. Participants newsletter went out, we had many requests
is approximately 5-6 mph but is meet before the morning talks at a kickoff from women not yet members of ASMR
generally based on the ability of breakfast early in the conference. Every to be added to the circulation list. Please
the participants. Some people stay woman is welcome. Presentations in keep those stories coming!
with the group for part of the run the past have dealt with choosing your This will be the fifth annual WWR meeting
and then branch off to either go own path, mentoring, starting your own at ASMR. We will continue this tradition
faster, farther, or slow down. Last business, and juggling a research career
by meeting Tuesday morning at 7:00 a.m.
year in Morgantown, we had a with family and community obligations.
for breakfast. Please join us. We have two
The presentations had one theme in
running group, a walking group and incredibly inspirational women speakers
common: adaptability. Feedback from
a fast-paced training group. These on the agenda: Dr. Jennifer Franklin and
participants at the breakfast meeting and
morning activities are a wonderful Ms. Summer King.
after indicated that those participants
way to meet new people, get some just starting their careers appreciated the There is no membership − just grab your
exercise, and to explore the lovely honest feedback on “how it used to be” breakfast and come on over to the Wild
airport access roads and adjacent and, in many ways, “how it still is.” Women of Reclamation presentation area.
cemetery in St. Louis. Remember We look forward to seeing as many of you
To keep the fire going throughout the
to bring your running or walking year, we divide the group into “more as can make it.
shoes to ASMR in St. Louis in 2018! experienced” individuals ( i.e., greater Contacts:
Contact: than five years in your career) vs. “less
Michele Coleman
Michele Coleman: experienced” (i.e., less than five years). One
MColeman@nbpower.com
MColeman@nbpower.com person from each group is paired with one
from the other group. Those mentors and Cindy Adams
“mentorees” are then given the assignment cindya@sgm-inc.com ■
16 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 20188.5 x 5.5 SES color ad2 FINALPRINT.pdf 1 10/26/17 7:06 PM
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RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 17message
Coal Mining in Illinois
Coal Mining in Illinois:
Reclamation of the Land Surface,
Soils and Drainage
By Dean Spindler and Dan Barkley, Land Reclamation Division,
Illinois Department of Natural Resources
F
arming and coal mining are in southern Illinois. The state’s first soil conditions created from replacing
both billion-dollar industries reclamation law, effective in 1962, only soil. One practice that proved effective
in Illinois. Coal underlies about regulated surface mines. Spoil ridges were to restore productivity was reducing soil
two-thirds of the state’s 35 required to be struck off (Figure 3) and compaction. Figure 4 shows the DM2
million acres (Figure 1). Most of the area the reclaimed area had to be planted to deep tillage equipment used to remove
above the coal deposits are considered pasture or forest. Mine refuse was not soil compaction. A smaller version of the
either prime farmland soils or high regulated. Approximately 100,000 acres deep tillage equipment (Figure 5) has
capability soils. High-capability soils are had already been surface mined before replaced that shown in Figure 4 due to
routinely farmed but are classified one this law was passed. In 1968, a new law the conversion from scrapers to trucks
step below prime farmland based on soil was passed that included reclamation for soil replacement. Some of the soil
type and slope (Figure 2). of mine refuse at surface mines and reconstruction requirements introduced
performance standards for pasture and as part of the three Illinois laws were
Surface Mining forest reclamation. incorporated into the prime farmland
The first recorded commercial surface requirements under the federal 1977
Due to the significance of agriculture in
mining was in 1810 from coal outcrops Surface Mine Control and Reclamation
Illinois, a third law was passed in 1971
Act (SMCRA). Currently, restoration of
to recontour the surface mined land
prime and high-capability farmland at
Figure 1. Coal underlies about 65 percent to its approximate original topography
surface mines is a routine and well-known
of Illinois land area of 35 million acres. and replace four feet of subsoil to make
process with over 30,000 acres having
the land capable of growing crops. It is
met all the crop growth and productivity
notable that the rationale for this was
standards specified in regulations.
that the replaced subsoil would provide
sustainable cropland restoration. This Underground Mining
assumption proved false. In 1976, the
In Illinois, the surface facilities of an
law was amended to require the topsoil
underground mine were not regulated
and subsoil to be replaced to improve
for environmental protection and
soil quality for crop growth. Although
reclamation until the passage of SMCRA
an improvement, particularly for the
in 1977. Regulation of impacts from
seedbed, replacing four feet of topsoil and
underground mine subsidence did not
subsoil still did not guarantee restoring
go into effect until several years later in
crop productivity on reclaimed lands.
1983. Like most states, coal ownership
During the time covered by the three and subsidence rights in Illinois can be
laws (1962 to 1976), another 100,000 severed or separated from land surface
acres of Illinois were surface mined. ownership. Most of these subsurface and
During this period, research conducted subjacent support rights were severed
by universities, USDA-NRCS, state from the land surface estate and sold
regulatory agencies, and the coal many generations ago. Underground
industry identified problematic soil shaft mining began in the 1840s, while
parameters such as soil compaction room and pillar underground mining
and structure to cause the poor crop methods were established around 1910.
productivity. Cooperative research and Modern mechanized longwall mining
demonstration projects were conducted was first attempted in the 1960s and after
by these entities to remediate adverse several early failures is now the dominant
18 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018message
method of underground mining and
accounts for the largest coal tonnage
production in the state.
Illinois coal production was 65 million
tons in 1970 (50 percent by surface
and 50 percent by underground). In
1990, Illinois’ total coal tonnage was
approximately the same at 62 million
tons, but the predominant production Figure 3. Surface mining before passage of reclamation laws in Illinois often
method was changing to underground resulted in abandoned highwalls, pits of water, and undulating land surface due
(70 percent in 1990). A low of coal to ungraded, weathered spoil ridges.
tonnage was produced in 2003 at 31
BioMost, Inc.
million tons. However, coal production
has rebounded, and 56 million tons were
BioMost, Inc.
For nearly two decades,
mined in 2015 with 90 percent of the
has developed advanced passive mine drainage treatment
production by underground methods. For nearly two decades,
In recent times, technological advances technology to support the varying needs of government and
has developed advanced passive mine drainage treatment
have resulted in increased panel widths
from 800 feet to over 1,400 feet and daily
private organizations.
technology
For nearly two decades,
private has
organizations.
BioMost, Inc.
to support the varying needs of government and
developed advanced passive mine drainage treatment
panel advance rates have also increased
technology to support the varying needs of government and
significantly. Lengths of panels have
private organizations.
also grown dramatically from one mile
to six miles in some instances. In the
past decade, Illinois coal production
has slightly increased due to an increase
in longwall mining and productivity.
Figure 6 is a representation of a modern
longwall mine and continuous mining
sections.
Figure 2. Prime farmland covers about
68 percent of Illinois land area.
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RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 19Figure 4. Deep tillage equipment to reduce soil compaction on Illinois surface mines Figure 5. Smaller equipment was used to reduce
after 4 feet of topsoil was replaced. soil compaction for truck and shovel operations.
Mine Subsidence Approximately 900,000 acres of Illinois Subsidence may occur within five years
have been undermined, which includes after mining or more likely decades after
The first statewide analysis of the
about 200,000 acres of urban area. Of the the coal extraction took place. Typically,
impacts of subsidence were published room and pillar subsidence is smaller in
total undermined acreage, 240,000 acres
by the Illinois State Geological Survey extent and magnitude making impacts to
were after 1983, and that total includes
in 1916. This early report dealt with agricultural land relatively easy to repair.
43,000 acres by longwall mining.
small subsidence depressions from
Subsidence from room and pillar mining Planned subsidence from longwall
early underground mining on small
mining creates more challenging issues.
acreages. The first Illinois abandoned (unplanned) is uncommon from post
Historically, over 300 longwall panels
mine reclamation law dealing with 1983 underground mining, but it does
have extracted coal and subsided more
surface and underground mining was occur. Subsidence from room and pillar
than 50,000 acres of land in Illinois.
passed in 1975 and the first subsidence mining is very difficult to predict in terms Longwall subsidence has impacted
insurance program was initiated in 1979. of location and timing of occurrence. buildings, infrastructure of all kinds
(roads, pipelines, utilities), vast
acreages of farmland, and surface and
subsurface hydrology. As a given area is
progressively and sequentially longwall
mined from panel to panel, impacts to
surface topography on agricultural land
must be reconfigured to re-establish
drainage patterns. A much broader
regional approach to drainage restoration
over multiple panels must be considered
and implemented to effectively repair
subsided farmland. This can cause a
significant delay in drainage construction
work, and the permittee must be
responsible for the crop loss in the
interim.
Figure 6. Diagram depicting longwall mining
panels and continuous mining sections.
20 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MINING AND RECLAMATION s Spring 2018Figure 7. Typical subsidence profile and
trough development from land surface
overlying underground mines.
A typical subsidence profile or trough
is depicted in Figure 7. The subsidence
trough occurs over the extracted panel
and may be as deep as seven feet in
the center of the trough where coal
extraction heights reach 10 feet. The Figure 8. Aerial view of subsided
Figure 9. Aerial view of the same
land surfaces where underground
locations of the first modern longwall area in Figure 8 after reclamation
mining had occurred. The subsided
mines were originally confined to south had filled subsidence depressions
areas became locations for water
central Illinois where lower quality and restored drainage patterns.
collection.
soils and more rolling topography
existed. Drainage patterns were
primarily restored by land leveling and this year’s ASMR meeting in St. Louis. underground mines age. This will
constructing waterways and ditches in be further complicated when the
the rolling topography. While longwall mining subsidence
possesses its own unique challenges, the mining company is released from their
In more recent years, longwall mining subsidence patterns are predictable and reclamation bond liability after successful
has moved farther north into the surface facility and land reclamation. If
can be reclaimed soon after the mining
flatter, more productive soils. Drainage subsidence occurs after the company has
takes place. However, it is the room and
restoration for these areas now includes
pillar mine subsidence that can and will departed, who will take responsibility
installation of drain tiles. Several years
continue to occur in an unpredictable then? SMCRA clearly does not address
ago, two longwall mines extracting
coal from beneath prime farmland soil manner into the future as post SMCRA this long-term issue. ■
areas in this more northern area with a
history of only room and pillar mining
proved to be controversial. Figure 8 Leading the way…
shows the impact of longwall mining
on the surface where subsided land
For Precision
became ponds of water. The controversy
intensified because of substantial delays
Seed Placement
in implementing a regional drainage (763) 537-6639 • www.truaxcomp.com
restoration project and the closing
of sections of road which had been FLEX Drills and Trillion Broadcasters
impacted. Figure 9 shows the same area Both with Skid Steer Mounts
after reclaiming the subsidence areas and
restoring drainage patterns. Planting Widths
The first mine performed longwall
4' • 5.3' • 8'
operations in 17 panels from 1994 until
2007, and reclamation efforts continued
through 2010 over the last several
panels. The second mine was more
recently initiated and completed three
longwall panels before being idled due
to underground mining issues. Thus,
the controversy has subsided, no pun
intended, for now. The restored longwall
areas will be part of one of the tours for
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 21Call for Abstracts
43rd Canadian Land Reclamation Association
(CLRA/ACRSD) National Conference
In conjunction with the
2018 Atlantic Reclamation Conference (ARC2018)
October 15 – 18, 2018
Miramichi, New Brunswick
Organized by the Canadian Land Reclamation Association, Atlantic Chapter
and the New Brunswick Community College (NBCC), Miramichi Campus
“Planning for the Annual 100 Year Event”
Photo from cbc.ca
This is a call for abstracts to present at the 43rd CLRA/ACRSD National Conference and AGM held in
conjunction with the 2018 Atlantic Reclamation Conference (ARC2018) on October 15-18, 2018 at
New Brunswick Community College Miramichi Campus in Miramichi, New Brunswick. Abstracts are due
May 1, 2018. Submission details and additional conference information can be found on
www.atlanticclra.ca.Establishing Riparian Woody Vegetation
Establishing Riparian Woody
Vegetation for Constructed Streams
on Mined Lands Using the Forestry
Reclamation Approach
By C.E. Zipper, R.J. Krenz, S. E. Sweeten, C.T. Agouridis, C.D. Barton, P.N. Angel
C
onstruction and renovation of streams and riparian
corridors on mined lands have become common
activities in Appalachia. Surface mining for coal can
disturb ephemeral and intermittent streams, and may
disturb permanent streams in some cases. Under the Clean
Water Act, operations that fill or otherwise disturb streams must
perform compensatory mitigation.
Scientific studies have identified beneficial effects of woody
vegetation (trees and shrubs) in riparian areas of streams on
mined areas and elsewhere. This advisory describes the reasons
for establishing woody vegetation in constructed streams’
riparian areas, and describes proper methods for mine sites.
Riparian Trees and Shrubs
The riparian zone of a river or stream is the adjacent land,
including the stream’s banks, the overflow zone, and a
transitional zone. These areas may be vegetated in forests or
contain large boulders and coarse woody debris (Figure 1). The
size of the riparian zone may be narrow in steep mountain forests
or wide in flatter regions. The benefits of streamside trees and
shrubs in naturally forested regions are well known and have
been well documented for natural streams. Specifically, riparian
woody vegetation helps control erosion and mitigate stream
temperatures and flow, which sustains aquatic life within the
streams and the ecosystem functions they provide. Figure 1. Forested riparian zone along a mountain stream.
Riparian woody vegetation stabilizes streamside soils, protects
the stream channel, and enhances watershed processes that
support healthy stream life. Establishing riparian forest helps to
buffer excessive runoff, sedimentation, and pollutant movement Lisa Van Houten High Organic
Marketing Strategist Soil Amendment for
from watershed areas into streams. Forest vegetation aids water
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infiltration processes that support streamflow and helps to
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prevent extreme streamflow that can damage channel features Lisa@FullCircleMushroomCompost.com Hi-Tunnel Crops
(Booth et al. 2004; Price et al. 2006). Dense plantings of a diversity Turf/Hay Fields
of riparian trees foster those functions (Rowntree and Dollar Community Gardens
1999; Berendse et al. 2015). Row/Landscaping
Riparian trees and shrubs also support aquatic life and associated
stream functions. Streamside woody vegetation deposits leaves The Gold Standard
and woody debris into the stream. These organic materials of Compost
serve as energy sources for aquatic insects and other biota that
consume plant matter directly; these organisms, in turn, process
RECLAMATION MATTERS s Spring 2018 23You can also read
