Starting a Renovation Wave - Putting Real Impact First June 2020 - PLGBC
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Starting a
Renovation Wave
Putting Real Impact First
June 2020
This project has received funding from the European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant
agreement No 840926
Putting Real Impact First
Contents
Introduction: Why impact matters so much to the Renovation Wave 5
Key recommendations 6
1. The Wave will be local: examples of impactful local initiatives 8
Warmth and Wellbeing Project, Dublin 10
Il Tuo Condominio Green, Trento 12
Carbon performance contracting and the ‘Total Concept’ 14
2. The Wave will be driven by leaders and scale by regulating laggards 16
The BUILD UPON2 UK Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards 18
Project
Dutch Voluntary Agreements and Minimum EPC Labels 20
We are in a state of climate emergency. The EU Horizon 2020 funded BUILD UPON2
We must act now to reach net zero carbon project will empower cities across Europe 3. The Wave needs systemic yet simple approaches to tracking impact 22
by 2050 - and cities can lead the way. to join forces with national governments
To get there, cities must unlock the huge and industry to decarbonise their existing
Helsinki Climate Watch and ‘Energy Renaissance’ 24
potential of their buildings - and building building stock by 2050. BUILD UPON2 will BUILD UPON2 Renovation Strategy Impact Framework 26
renovation in particular. strengthen the local effectiveness and
implementation of the national building 4. The Wave needs to convene people through platforms
Deep building renovation has far-reaching renovation strategies required by the
benefits for society as increasing indoor EU Energy Performance of Buildings that multiply impact and learning 30
comfort and air quality avoids illnesses and Directive (EPBD).
premature deaths associated with living in BUILD UPON2, Ireland 32
cold and damp homes. This in turn reduces www.worldgbc.org/build-upon
Programma Aardgasvrije Wijken: Gas Free Districts Programme 34
pressure on healthcare and social services.
Work with us! 36
BUILD UPON2’s
Pilot Cities
Contact Information
Web www.worldgbc.org
Twitter @WorldGBC_Europe #BUILDUPON
Email office@worldgbc.org
europe@worldgbc.org
2 3
Putting Real Impact First
“Achieving real impact
and fast must be at the Introduction
heart of all our efforts Why impact matters so much to
in the green recovery. the Renovation Wave
Cities and Green Building Successfully scaling renovation rates takes a concerted, coordinated effort from a host of different
Councils are innovating in actors: from policy makers, financiers and property agents to energy companies and consultants,
product suppliers and local installers. And nothing can be achieved without the support and action of
BUILD UPON 2 to establish building owners and occupants.
impact frameworks to
Years of European research, investment and action to tackle the aging building stock have shown that
there is no one-size-fits-all approach. But how can we know which solutions are most successful and
1 accelerate and educate.”
in which contexts? Only by tracking their impact.
During the initial years of the BUILD UPON project, Europe’s Green Building Councils convened
Cristina Gamboa, thousands of stakeholders and identified hundreds of programmes tackling the renovation challenge in
all sorts of ways. But one feature stood out across the board: almost all of these programmes lacked
CEO, World Green Building Council
robust, long-term impact data. Without this, we are flying blind. We are hoping to identify and scale the
next good idea, waiting passively for a wave to ride with no idea whether the conditions are right.
Creating a central focus on monitoring the real impacts of renovation
initiatives, learning what is working, and learning fast what is not working
“Impact assessment
and why - must be at the heart of the Renovation Wave. It is clear the capacity
of all actors needs to be built here - both individually and collectively.
should be a central
1
BUILD UPON2 goes to the very heart of this issue by building a renovation strategy impact framework to
part of each and every finally plug this gap and building the capacity of local actors to focus on real impact and learning. The
impact framework is a tool to navigate the complex landscape of programmes and projects and to help
renovation effort, policy makers at city, national and European level to really see what works and what does not. That tool
is being co-created by hundreds of stakeholders from all parts of the renovation system across Europe,
otherwise how on earth convened by Green Building Councils, and piloted by cities.
do we know how we are But the climate crisis demands we start the Renovation Wave now. And the economic fall-out from
the COVID-19 pandemic makes that call all the more urgent as we look to the construction sector as a
doing or even where to powerhouse to help us build a green recovery.
turn for best practice?”-
There have been several excellent reports in recent months with recommendations on how to deliver
the Renovation Wave. With this report, the Build Upon2 project aims to contribute further to the debate
by identifying renovation initiatives that have effectively demonstrated their impact, or that are turning
Jan Rosenow, Director, European Programmes their attention to tracking impact in more sophisticated ways. Replicating these best practices now
at Regulatory Assistance Project (RAP) - will ensure that we can learn as we go. Only then will our efforts result in a wave that builds and swells
right across Europe, providing environmental, economic and social benefits for decades to come.
BUILD UPON 2 Advisory Board Member
Track impact - learn fast - build back better!
4 5
Putting Real Impact First
Key recommendations
RECOMMENDATION RECOMMENDATION RECOMMENDATION RECOMMENDATION
ONE TWO THREE FOUR
The Wave will be local. The Wave will be driven The Wave needs systemic The Wave needs to
It must be built on best by leaders and scale by yet simple approaches to convene people through
practice examples of regulating laggards tracking impact platforms that multiply
local initiatives that can impact and learning
evidence their impact and
ability to scale over time
A successful renovation initiative Mandatory minimum energy Renovation of existing buildings Convening local platforms that
should have demonstrable impact performance requirements is one of the most complex social, bring together the building
on the social, environmental, and have the potential to drive economic, and environmental and construction sector, local
economic issues that matter to up building standards when challenges Europe faces. authorities and the unusual
us all. Impacts like emissions implemented effectively and with Systemic thinking is key to enable suspects - banks, lawyers,
reductions, employment and clear timelines. Case studies cities and local authorities to community groups and others -
health must be quantified across suggest that their impact could adopt impact metrics that are is key to solving the barriers to
the region in a consistent manner. be increased by leveraging new both meaningful and simple to renovation.
or existing voluntary initiatives track.
In this way, policymakers at Platforms require innovative
and pledges on minimum
local, national and EU level will Impact indicators should aid governance models to ensure they
performance.
be empowered to replicate and fast learning and adaptation, are inclusive and gain consensus
scale investments in these best Building a critical mass of support highlight the interactions between on the basis of local community
practices that really make a through voluntary commitments different renovation initiatives and needs. There should be clear
difference. This will help create by sub-sectors of industry to help identify the approach most communication channels to
a better built environment at the achieve minimum performance suitable for a given location. national and regional platforms
local level and ensure that these standards by a set deadline could See Section Three to reinforce effective learning
initiatives are truly delivering on prepare the market for mandatory and policy making at all levels to
the priorities of the EU Green minimum requirements that can overcome barriers to renovation.
Deal. See Section One be ratcheted up over time. See Section Four
See Section Two
6 7
Putting Real Impact First
Section
Renovations happen in a given place, at a given time. They are,
by definition, local; involving local people and local businesses.
To reach scale, the Renovation Wave must be firmly rooted in
this local context and build on the best practices that already
one
exist in countless local initiatives across Europe. Best practice
must not just be based on ‘things that seem like good ideas’,
but we must invest further in those initiatives which are able to
evidence the positive impacts they are having.
Every local context is different and flexibility and adaptability
The Wave will build on are key, but nevertheless, there are common themes and
impactful local initiatives lessons that can be learned from looking at local programmes
that are already showing real impact.
8 9
Putting Real Impact First
Warmth and
The Warmth and Wellbeing Scheme is a pilot adapt existing modelling methods to assess the
scheme aimed at improving the living conditions impact of home energy efficiency measures on
of vulnerable people living with chronic respiratory outcomes that arise over longer time scales than
Wellbeing Scheme,
conditions. It aims to validate, in an Irish context, the planned evaluation.
the strong international evidence that making
homes warmer and more energy efficient can have It will also seek to assess how the interventions
contribute to reduction in inequalities in outcomes
Dublin
a positive impact on the health and wellbeing of
people living with chronic respiratory conditions. with regard to age, gender and socio-economic
status. Researchers will derive an inventory of the
It is a joint policy initiative between the Department health- and environment-related costs and benefits
of Communications, Climate Action and of home energy efficiency interventions as inputs
Environment and the Department of Health and is for subsequent cost-benefit analyses.
being delivered by a team comprised of officials
from the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
(SEAI) and Health Service Executive (HSE). An
Stakeholder Perspective
Where is it? Dublin, Ireland independent analysis validating and objectively
measuring the health and wellbeing impacts is Mr and Mrs Smyth, participants in the
being carried out by the London School of Hygiene scheme, have already seen an improvement
Who is it for? Lower income households where there is a person living with a and Tropical Medicine, in collaboration with the
in their living environment. Rooms are no
chronic respiratory condition Health Service Executive.
longer damp with condensation, the house
The scheme is open to people aged 55 and over retains more heat leading to reduced fuel
Impacts • Over €23 million has now been invested in upgrading over or aged 12 and under who are living with chronic bills, and replacement of windows and
1,200 homes in the pilot area. respiratory conditions in households that are in doors has led to an increased sense of
• Initial review of the energy impacts of the scheme has receipt of certain welfare payments. The scheme personal security.
shown that the average Building Energy Rating of works on a referral basis and an approved surveyor
participating homes improved from a D2 to a C1-C2. identifies which upgrades are most suitable for Mr Smyth who suffers from Chronic
• estimated annual emissions per home have reduced by an the home. Improvements include attic and wall Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD),
average of 2tCO2/year insulation, boiler replacement and window and doors and is on daily medications with frequent
• Participants noted improvement to their respiratory symptoms replacement where necessary. Appropriate ventilation hospital admissions, has stated that early
is also provided in line with retrofitting standards.
signs indicate the symptoms of his COPD
Dates 2016 onwards In addition to the climate impacts reported appear less severe than previous years
above, initial reports have indicated that the
upgrades are delivering benefits to the health
Key lessons
and wellbeing of participants and if the research
The mother of a 10 year child who suffers
• By embarking on joint policy initiatives governments can achieve desired outcomes across multiple confirms this empirically then it will be used
policy areas, in this case health and climate. from asthma that requires treatment with
to inform future Government decisions about
• Collaboration is key. This programme is a collaboration between the Department of Communications, approaches to retrofitting.
two inhalers twice daily, and averaged two
Climate Action and Environment, the Department of Health, Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland chest infections per year, has expressed
and the national Health Service Executive. The London School of Hygiene and Tropical delight and satisfaction with the impact of
• Personal experience is a powerful marketing tool - despite a healthcare provider referral process, it Medicine has been commissioned to assess the the scheme.
was not until participants heard from the positive experiences of others that they were inclined to take impact of the scheme. The impact indicators being
up the scheme. tracked include changes in hospitalisation rates, Since works have been carried out in the
• Data protection needs to be carefully addressed so it does not become a barrier to capturing and medication usage, general wellbeing and mental home, the child, who had previously had
quantifying benefits. health, social and school absenteeism and overall difficulties playing sports, has shown an
improvements in quality of life. improvement in their respiratory illness.
The child is now able to train and compete
The research will analyse these changes using
questionnaire and other data gathered from the on a soccer team 3 times a week and in
households and, where possible, by analysing competitive matches.
routine data relating to health service contacts.
The analysis will also examine the potential to
10 11
Putting Real Impact First
Il Tuo
Multi-family dwellings and Importantly, these incentives are
apartment blocks represent a combined with technical support. “Over time, the
specific set of challenges for The Province has convened a programme has
Condominio Green
renovation. So the Autonomous cross-sector group of stakeholders matured. At the start,
Province of Trento set out to boost with a management board only around 10% of
the renovation rates with a scheme appointed to provide oversight. The enquiries resulted in
combining technical support with group includes SME associations, successful applications
economic incentives. technicians, apartment managers, but now almost two
and banks involved in the thirds of assessments
Key barriers that the Province renovation process. are resulting in energy
wanted to overcome included: renovations. We’re also
This collaboration is a key element seeing increased depth
• The difficulty of decision of the initiative in supporting the of renovations catalysed
making - especially where large renovation of private buildings by by the programme. To
investments are concerned - providing a common approach, begin with almost
due to different expectations of tools and materials. The Provincial all funding was for
landlords and tenants and people Board has identified that building improvements to the
with different backgrounds living managers are a critical stakeholder heating system, and only
in the same building. in the process and so created around 20% also tackled
tailored products to support the building envelope. In
• Willingness of building
them such as draft contracts and 2019 the percentages
managers to engage - due
procedural guidance for decision reversed with almost
to increased responsibilities
making by apartment block tenant 80% of projects
and workload that may not be
and owners’ groups. involving insulation or
matched by an adequate return
a combination of fabric
in terms of wage, satisfaction Supplementary training materials
Where is it? Province of Trento, Italy and visibility.
and system upgrades.”
were also developed, aimed at
developing professional expertise Sara Verones
• Challenging relationships Planning and European
Who is it for? Owners and tenants of multi-family apartment blocks among all actors along the value
with the other professionals Projects, Autonomous
chain. This was financed through
involved in the building Province of Trento
an EU co-funded programme.
Impacts • Over 1500 tCO2 saved as of April 2019. renovation chain, like
• €5 million public funding, leveraging €30 million of private technicians and firms that To date, over 200 apartment blocks “Actions undertaken
finance invested in renovations. can increase the duration of have started a renovation project locally, in close
intervention and investment under the scheme. The Province
• (€21 million of which is disbursed through mortgages). cooperation with other
costs. aims to push for deeper renovations actors in the energy
through expanding and improving renovation value
Dates 2016 to present The scheme offers financial
the type of interventions financed. chain, are repaying the
incentives to support with the
They also plan to mobilise those efforts of the provincial
costs of interventions. These
professionals who have been trained administration. With
Key lessons can be combined with other
to act as ambassadors that can
national incentives and include about €4 million of
• Combine financial incentives with technical support for maximum impact. promote the programme to building
reimbursement of: investments in the form
• Tackle systemic barriers collaboratively by convening diverse stakeholders across the renovation managers and occupants. of public support, to
value chain. • 90% of design and date €24 million worth
Plans are developing to improve
• Programmes take time to mature and the impact they can deliver will increase as they do. assistance cost; of renovation has been
impact tracking by integrating or
• Impact tracking could be improved by creating links between different data sets that are managed by undertaken and €16
linking data sets such as energy
different government agencies. • 90% of interest payments on million in loans have
performance certificates and
loans or mortgages to cover been granted."
energy consumption data. But
capital costs of renovations
achieving this will require another Mario Tonina1
• 90% of interest payments on barrier to be overcome; the different Vice President & Councilor
commercial loans taken by data sets are owned and managed for the Environment & Urban
by different government agencies. Planning, Autonomous
installers and SMEs carrying
Province of Trento
out renovation works
12 Energy Efficient Mortgages Initiative Press Release, 4 October 2019
1
13
Putting Real Impact First
Carbon performance
contracting and the
‘Total Concept’ “We found that when
you talk about energy
efficiency, you are
communicating with
the the facility manager,
who has limited
strategic decision power.
Where is it? Scandinavia
Rate of return of different energy improvement measures planned by But when you talk about
Ramboll for the Lyngby Port Total Concept pilot project carbon savings, you
Who is it for? Commercial buildings and portfolios have the attention of
top management in a
company. Carbon is a
Impacts • Pilot building renovations have achieved internal rate of return The Total Concept initiative2 , has approach to tackle these barriers strategic issue for senior
between 4% and 8%. developed and tested a method to renovation in the commercial executives.”
• Delivered energy results as low as 90 kWh/m2/yr for all users. and a financial tool for improving sector. They are pioneering a Nikolaj Haaning
energy performance in existing carbon performance guarantee. Head of Commissioning,
non-residential buildings. By taking Energy performance contracting Indoor Climate and
Dates 2014 - present a holistic approach to the asset, is relatively common in certain Sustainability,
multiple energy improvement sectors. But Ramboll have found Ramboll Denmark
Key lessons measures can be packaged that carbon emissions have
together. Measures with shorter become a much higher priority “We need methods
• Carbon emissions are a much higher corporate priority than energy.
paybacks are used to support the for companies, making a carbon that guarantee that
• Predicted rates of return may not be enough to trigger investment - a performance guarantee can help economic feasibility of those with performance guarantee a more investments in energy
clients overcome reluctance to bear risk. saving measures provide
longer paybacks. Total Concept compelling offer.
• A holistic approach to the building means measures with long pay-backs can be packaged with thus enables a deeper level of the intended energy
shorter pay-back interventions to make them economically viable. energy renovation to be achieved. Ramboll use the BMS to gather and CO2 reductions.
daily performance data on the Smart use of our energy
Engineering consultancy, Ramboll, energy consumption, equipment reduces operational
led one of the pilot renovations in status and environmental costs and helps reduce
Lyngby Port, Denmark. The figure conditions within the building. the CO2 footprint for our
above shows each of the measures They interrogate this data to enable buildings.”
(1-8) proposed for the project. proactive, data-driven operation Bjarne Dalgaard
The measures are ranked with the and maintenance, which in turn Technical consultant
respect to payback time or rate of makes the carbon performance
Bygningsstyrelson
return. With the graph it is possible guarantee possible to achieve.
to visually evaluate the combined (Ramboll client)
payback time when an extra In addition to removing risk,
measure is added. Ramboll has partnered with Enerfin
to be able to provide clients with a
After finding that clients are still tailored financing offer. Enerfin, in
reluctant to take on the investment turn, are able to aggregate projects
and risk of a major renovation, into larger portfolios to make them
Ramboll have since developed the more attractive to large investors.
14 2
Total Concept was a project funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme 15
Putting Real Impact First
Mandatory minimum energy performance requirements have
the potential to significantly drive up building performance
and examples in the Netherlands and UK have been
Section
heralded as leading examples of Government action on poor
performing existing buildings. Due to their relatively recent
introduction, official statistics on impact are not available.
two
So for this report, WorldGBC Europe conducted interviews
with a series of stakeholders working across the commercial
and residential sectors - banks, municipalities and property
agents - who have been affected by the legislation.
The actions they have taken in response to the legislation
The Wave will be driven allow us to gauge how it is affecting the market. This
provides valuable insights into the strengths and
by leaders and scale by weaknesses of the legislation and to draw out lessons for
regulating laggards other policy makers considering similar approaches. This
section tells the story of the impact of approaches in the UK
and Netherlands.
16 17Putting Real Impact First
UK Minimum Energy
The obligation to comply with MEES lies with
landlords and applies at the point the lease is
signed. A range of exemptions are available (for
Efficiency Standards
example for historic buildings or temporary leases)
and the maximum amount a landlord is obliged to
pay to upgrade their property is limited by a 7-year
payback threshold or a £3,500 limit for domestic
property. An overview of all the details of the policy
can be found in Filling the policy gap: Minimum
Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES): one year on:
A Progress Report “Of the several
Where is it? England and Wales thousand properties
(Scotland and Northern Ireland have devolved powers) In the property sector, MEES is seen as having and transactions that
been instrumental in raising awareness of energy we’ve been involved
performance at a senior leadership level. The in, we’ve only lodged
Who is it for? Private landlords of commercial and domestic property degree of engagement with government about two exemptions,
the regulations is also seen as having been which is because
relatively high. either we were
Impacts • Renting out F or G EPC-rated properties is now illegal. able to improve the
• No official impact data yet available. The relatively long lead-in that was built into rating by accurately
the MEES timetable meant that proactive modelling the
market actors had time to plan and prepare. property and/or by
Dates Phased enforcement from 2018 (see timeline below)
Moreover, recent government consultation on “ESG has brought our clients carrying
the future of the policy have apparently already MEES sharply into out cost-effective
Key lessons prompted action amongst the most pro-active focus for our clients. improvements to
in the sector who are now preparing for tighter There is now an secure a compliant
• Providing a phased introduction allows market actors time to prepare and may improve compliance.
regulations, despite these only being proposed impetus to achieve rating . However,
• The compliance instrument (here the EPC) has a major impact on effectiveness and poor assessment with the continue to
tools will undermine the effectiveness of the legislation. for introduction in 2030. and extend beyond
compliance in order let provisions kicking
• With low enforcement, the main driver of compliance is corporate ESG performance, hence the However, enforcement is seen as a major in for non-domestic
to de-risk assets and
interplay with market ratings or league tables is an important consideration. property in 2023
weakness. It is thought that some 15-20% of portfolios. There are
properties are not compliant with the thresholds however deficiencies and if the minimum
and a significant minority would likely qualify for with the metric that standard tightens to
an exemption from the need to comply. Yet when is used to measure a B in 2030, then I
UK MEES legislation requires privately rented commercial and residential properties to have an expect it will become
CBRE checked the data for London in early 2020, energy efficiency
E-rated energy performance certificate (EPC) or higher. This was announced in 2015 and had a more challenging to
they found only 15 exemptions had been logged of buildings. It is
phased introduction from 2018 onwards, as shown in the timeline below: meet the standard
in the capital. They concluded that there could be our opinion within
tens of thousands of properties where no action CBRE that in order and therefore,
has been taken by the owner and no enforcement. to achieve our net expect there to
A 2019 study by the Estates Gazette3 found there zero ambitions be an increase
had been no prosecutions for non-compliance an operational in the number of
within the first 12 months of MEES applying to energy component exemptions. The
future trajectory of
2015 2017 2018 2020 2023 residential properties. is essential in the
MEES is very much
MEES regulations.
There are also criticisms of the calculation tool This will encourage on our clients’ radar
used to generate EPCs. For example, lighting design for with the acceptance
upgrades and heating system controls can have performance rather that the minimum
a more significant influence on the EPC result than compliance.” standard is likely to
MEES Additional MEES enters into MEES extended MEES extended
legislation guidance issued force for new to existing private to existing private than fabric upgrades. This fact, coupled with the move to a B within
announced for landlords leases residential leases commercial leases
Chris Peirce the next 10 years.”
relatively low threshold of E-rating means MEES
Associate Director
may be failing to achieve the crucial ‘fabric first’ - Environmental Mat Lown
approach to building renovations. Consultancy, CBRE Partner, TFT
18 3
Estates Gazette, 2019, MEES one year on 19Putting Real Impact First
Dutch Voluntary
The Netherlands is one of the few countries to three banks have said they will no longer finance
have introduced minimum average energy properties rated D or below. Market offerings such
performance standards for existing buildings. as ING’s ‘5 Step Plan’ offer significant owner
Agreements and
A voluntary agreement (the “Energie Akkoord”) is incentives, such as 100% financing for energy
in place between all social housing providers and upgrades, interest discounts, subsidy advice and
the government, to bring their rental housing up to a free EPC labels when you jump to a C, B or A.
class B Energy Label by 2021. Additionally, from 2023
Minimum Energy
offices will be required by law to have a minimum C There is now a high level of cooperation between
level Energy Label. The Dutch Government has also the government and market actors around what the
set out its further intention that by 2030 all office evolving offices standards should look like on the path
Performance
buildings will have achieved an A label. to the Netherland’s 2030 national target of 49%.
Whilst only anecdotal impact data for the offices
sector is available due to the scheme date, the
Standards
social housing sector has invested in significant
impact tracking and learning for some years.
Each social housing provider is establishing
a roadmap towards a CO2-neutral stock by
2050, and housing corporations are working to
accelerate measures across the sector such as
working with cities to develop regional energy
“Monitoring, learning
strategies. Aedes, the Dutch social housing sector
Where is it? Netherlands and evaluation can
association, monitors energy improvements
be costly, but we
alongside other performance metrics across the
social housing stock through its Shaere Database
use the data to get
Who is it for? Social housing, Offices over 100m2 the social housing
. Data is collected against the progress of each
individual housing provider, and average Energy organisations
Impacts • Social housing average Energy Index score gone from 1.86 in Index Scores are aggregated and tracked in the together to learn from “If we are going to
2015 to 1.57 in 2019. Target B Energy Label is a score of 1.4. database. CO2 performance data for the sector one another - and this wait for legislation
lags a couple of years behind due to availability, never gets old! It’s it will be more
• Major Dutch banks have stopped financing poor performing
but this is also tracked. Having the voluntary hugely valuable to for laggards than
commercial properties.
agreements in place and systematic sector accelerating progress early adopters.
• Estimated less than half of Dutch offices comply with
wide knowledge sharing has been key to quickly across the sector. We Quality and value
2023 C label targets, but leaders like ING have reached
solving the knowledge gap of how to reach target are outsourcing a correlates directly
+80% portfolio compliance. performance levels. lot of the monitoring with high levels of
work to expert sustainability, so
Actors in the Dutch offices sector also tell a companies, and our
Dates Voluntary agreements with social housing sector in place since story of the market leading the way, with policy
from our own policy
2012. Offices legislation since 2018. benchmark data now and risk perspective
then increasing the number of office owners
goes beyond aspects we see it is lower
moving towards energy renovation. It is clear
like operating costs risk for us to finance
there must be a positive market pull and market
Key lessons and energy use, to these buildings.”
incentives towards minimum standards to enable
• Voluntary agreements across sub-sectors (offices, social housing) are paving the way for minimum include the happiness
minimum standards policy. A ‘pull’ by major Dutch Hein Wagdam
energy performance standards. and wellbeing of
banks such as ABN AMRO, ING and Rabobank Director Sustainable and
played a pivotal role shaping the new offices tenants.”
• Regulations are closely co-designed with industry. Dutch banks played a pivotal role in encouraging Innovative Real Estate
office owners to renovate (the carrot) alongside the new regulations (the stick). legislation. Because banks included this in their Christiane Hogeweg Products, ING Real
• Dutch social housing sector association Aedes enables monitoring, evaluation and learning policies, clients were already used to this sort Aedes Estate Finance
on implementation of minimum energy performance agreements. This centralises cost and of requirement ahead of the legislation, and all
knowhow effectively. 800.000
624.820 Predicted improvements in energy labels from 2021 to 2024
600.000
488.670 516.180 Public data on energy labels across the social
400.000 housing sector from Aedes’s Shaere Database
200.000 162.500 172.060
94.030 85.060
39.180 29.740 14.120
0
A++ A+ A B C D E F G | 2021
2024
20 21Putting Real Impact First
To overcome Europe’s renovation challenge, we need robust
impact metrics that are meaningful and easy to track.
Section
Without this data we have no way to identify which actions
are most effective.
By collecting impact data in a consistent manner we can
quickly identify and scale those initiatives that are generating
three
the most desirable climate, health and economic outcomes.
Impact indicators should aid fast learning and adaptation,
highlight the interactions between different renovation
initiatives and help identify the approach most suitable for a
given location.
The Wave needs systemic BUILD UPON2 addresses this issue by building a renovation
yet simple approaches to strategy impact framework that serves as a tool to navigate
tracking impact the complex landscape of programmes and projects and
to help policy makers at city, national and European level to
really see what works and what does not.
22 23Putting Real Impact First
Helsinki Climate Helsinki has one of the world’s most ambitious climate policies: for the city
Watch and ‘Energy
to be carbon neutral by 2035 . It also has one of the most sophisticated
understandings of how the 147 initiatives in its 2035 city action plan inter-
relate, with a detailed systems map guiding its interventions.
Renaissance’
From this Helsinki has developed Helsinki Climate Watch , a unique
tool for monitoring the effectiveness of these initiatives - with a system of
progress indicators that provide transparency for citizens on the progress of
individual initiatives and the whole action plan. The indicators are grouped
into three levels. Firstly ‘functional’ indicators, directly linked to progress of
specific initiatives. Secondly, ‘tactical’ indicators looking at how effective
Where is it? Helsinki, Finland initiatives are in the context of sectoral initiatives (like buildings). Thirdly,
‘strategic’ indicators to understand how an initiative connects to the big
emissions picture and its overall effectiveness in driving emissions down.
Who is it for? Entire city
56% of the city’s emissions are generated by heating, and a 30% cut of
district heating consumption in the next 15 years is needed to achieve the
Impacts • Initiative starting in 2020/21 so no impact data. city’s 2035 targets, so building energy efficiency is key. Most buildings in
• Research into root causes of inertia for energy renovation. Helsinki are owned by limited companies that residents hold shares in, and
• Set up of city funded expert engineering advice service for block deep energy renovations rarely happen when these are being modernised by
renovations, with simple progress indicators. the ‘boards’ of private owners.
• Establishment of Helsinki Climate Watch as system of impact
indicators to track overall city decarbonisation progress. Research identified the key barriers as an insufficient level of knowledge
within these boards, and whilst lots of information on energy renovation is
available, it comes from multiple sources and isn’t trusted.
Dates Forthcoming
To solve this the city’s ‘Energy Renaissance’ programme aims to help
“We don’t want to
renovate 500 apartments each year by offering them ‘engineering power’:
Key lessons paying for qualified engineers to knock on doors when renovations are
renovate home by
• Tackle real root causes not assumed barriers to renovation. planned, undertake thorough energy assessments, suggest appropriate
home: we need a
measures, then ask the right questions and evaluate renovation offers from mass movement
• Establish a systemic understanding of how city decarbonisation initiatives impact one another. if we are going to
the private sector. The goal is to ensure a smooth process for property
• Establish simple impact indicators that enable fast learning, problem identification, and responsive make our climate
owners, and eventually harness the power of the private sector to provide a
redesign of renovation initiatives. targets. Our main
more integrated ‘one-stop-shop’ style renovation service. City planning is also
• Even three simple indicators per initiative, when scaled across a city-wide system of +100 initiatives being engaged to identify multiple concurrent projects to achieve efficiencies task is to fail fast -
can become impossible to track. Simple impact frameworks are needed. of scale, and identify where profits from boards developing new buildings on learn - adapt and try
their land could be reinvested in renovating their existing buildings. again. We are using
Climate Watch to
Measures Functional meter Tactical Meter Tactical Meter Strategic measure The Energy Renaissance programme has simple progress tracking indicators enable this learning.
Energy efficiency Average Specific heat Specific heat Greenhouse gas aimed at identifying and fixing problems: It is ideal to have
in renovations improvement consumption of consumption of emissions from
in E-numbers city owned district buildings district heating our three levels of
of renovated heating properties 36.48 kWh/m 2 1361.60 kt (CO 2e.) / A 1. Number of apartment buildings contacted. This measures whether impact indicator for
buildings 137.04 kWh/m 2 2017 2017 the city engineers are doing their job. The preliminary target is 100 all initiatives, but
27.10% 2017
contacted buildings per person per year. whilst there is a need
2018
for more systemic
2. Number of apartment buildings starting to plan for energy renovations. If thinking and impact
Functional meter Tactical Meter Tactical Meter
a city engineer has contacted 100 apartments and only 2 have started to tracking at city level,
Percentage of District heat District heat
plan for an energy renovation, the communication process is ineffective there is also a limit
renovation projects consumption consumption of
achieveing at least of city-owned building stock and needs redesign. If 50 have started, it’s working effectively.
to what is feasible.”
25% improvement properties 6700.20 GWh/a
in Chapter E 1033.45 GWh/a 2018 3. Energy efficiency increase: Changes to E-values or percentage energy Kaisa-Reeta
37.50% 2017
2019
use improvements are tracked. So if engineers have contacted 100 Koskinen
buildings - 50 have started renovating - but E-values are only going down Director, Carbon
marginally, then the planning process needs to be redesigned to enable Neutral Helsinki
Example of Helsinki’s different levels of impact indicators
deeper savings.
24 25Putting Real Impact First
BUILD UPON 2
renovation strategy
impact framework
Where is it? Pan-European: 8 pilot cities (Budaörs - Hungary, Dublin - Ireland,
Eskişehir - Turkey, Leeds - UK, Padova - Italy, Valladolid - Spain,
Velika Gorica - Croatia, and Wroclaw - Poland).
Across Europe, 8 cities are working with their local Green Building Council, national government and
industry to develop and pilot a ‘multi-level renovation impact framework’.
Who is it for? Cities looking to track impacts of renovation strategy/initiatives
This framework will serve as a tool to build the capacity of local actors to focus on real impact and
learning, enabling cities to track and monitor holistically the impact of energy renovation on key issues
Impacts • Tracks impacts across 3 core areas such as emissions reductions, employment and improved health.
• Environment: emissions reduction, energy efficiency
improvements, annual renovation rate and increased By capturing data at a local level, the framework will link renovation to policy and decision making
renewable energy. processes at a national level, driving greater investment in city regeneration programmes.
• Social: - energy poverty, indoor air quality, thermal comfort
The framework is composed of ‘core’ and non core indicators. Core indicators must be used by all
and citizen engagement.
municipalities and/or central governments using the framework and non-core indicators may be used on a
• Economic: Investment in renovation and jobs created.
voluntary basis. All these indicators are linked to economic, social and environmental priorities at national
• Allows cities to identify best practice, and to make a better
and EU level.
business case for energy renovation.
• Inform energy renovation policy making. In the future, the framework will be used as a blueprint for the implementation of the Energy Performance
of Buildings Directive (EPBD), and by cities signed up to the Covenant of Mayors in their efforts to tackle
the decarbonisation of their building stock, as well as for governments worldwide looking for guidance in
Dates Forthcoming - Framework to be piloted by 8 European cities
their national building strategies
(July - December 2020) and to be launched in 2021.
Key lessons
• Lack of data and lack of resources to collect data is an issue for all cities involved in the project. Need
to develop simple and transparent methodology to support cities in that process.
• Start small with simple, meaningful and easy to use indicators. The Framework can be further
developed at a later stage.
• Involve various departments in the process to support cross-departmental cooperation and achieve
better results.
26 27Putting Real Impact First
BUILD UPON 2
renovation strategy
impact framework
GOAL NATIONAL MUNICIPAL
CATEGORY Unit of Measure
Contribute to EU Targets Progress Indicators Progress Indicators
Reduction in direct annual CO2 emissions from renovation > Ton CO2/ year (total building stock)
Greenhouse gas emission reduction: 50% by 2030 compared Reduction in direct annual CO2 emissions from renovation
Environmental compared to the municipality's baseline year as per CoM > Breakdown by building type from total number (%)
with 1990 level and carbon neutrality by 2050 compared to 1990 levels
reporting
Final energy consumption reduction from renovation Final energy consumption reduction from renovation kWh/m²/year
Improvement of Net Space Heating & Cooling Demand due Improvement of Net Space Heating & Cooling Demand due > kWh/m²/yr (total building stock)
to energy renovation to energy renovation >kWh/m²/yr (for each building type)
Total annual energy renovation rate %
At least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency by 2030 - > Of which light renovation % based on dwellings
Environmental Annual energy renovation rate %
relative to the 2007 modelling projections for 2030. > of which medium renovation % based on sq. m² renovated - Non-domestic buildings
> of which deep renovation
% of renovated buildings reaching nZEB standard annually % of renovated buildings reaching nZEB standard annually % renovated buildings
% of the total floor area of buildings owned and occupied by % of the total floor area of buildings owned and occupied by
% of total m² net floor area
central government retrofitted each year the municipality retrofitted each year
Total additional energy produced from renewable resources Total additional energy produced from renewable resources
Environmental At least 32% share of renewable energy by 2030 kWh/year
on site or nearby as a result of renovation on site or nearby as a result of renovation
Social Reduction of energy poverty % of households having arrears on utility bills % of households having arrears on utility bills % of households
# households living in renovated dwellings with
# households
commissioned ventilation system
Actions to improve indoor air quality post renovation works
# non-residential renovated buildings with a commissioned
# buildings
ventilation system
# households living in renovated dwellings where
calculations demonstrate that post renovation condition will # households
Provide safe buildings to people - Indoor Air Quality and satisfy heating requirements
Social
Thermal Comfort # households living in renovated dwellings where actions
# households
Actions to improve average thermal comfort post renovation have been taken to minimise summer overheating risk
works # non-residential renovated buildings where calculations
demonstrate that post renovation condition will satisfy # non-residential buildings
heating requirements
# non-residential renovated buildings where actions have
# non-residential buildings
been taken to minimise summer overheating risk
Empowering citizens - Ensuring citizens are at the centre of # private households retrofitting their homes / year # private households retrofitting their homes / year # private households
Social
the transition # sq. m² commercial buildings retrofitted annually # sq. m² commercial buildings retrofitted annually # buildings
> Total annual investment in energy renovation > Total annual investment in energy renovation
Economic Increasing investment in energy renovation > Total annual public investment in energy renovation > Total annual public investment in energy renovation €
> Total annual private investment in energy renovation > Total annual private investment in energy renovation
# companies involved in energy renovation # companies involved in energy renovation # companies
# graduates from 3rd level courses and technical training # graduates from 3rd level courses and technical training
# graduates
courses with focus on energy renovation courses with focus on energy renovation
At least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency by 2030 -
Economic # building professionals and construction workers taking
relative to the 2007 modelling projections for 2030. # building professionals and construction workers taking
part in energy renovation upskilling
part in energy renovation upskilling # building professionals and construction workers
> of which #Public sector staff upskilling in energy
> of which # Municipality staff upskilling in energy renovation
renovation
28 29Putting Real Impact First
Section Under the Green Deal, the EU has highlighted the role of
four
renovation platforms in bringing together the buildings and
construction sector, architects and engineers and local
authorities to address the barriers to renovation.
Stakeholder platforms enable representatives from diverse
organisations and interest groups to come together to discuss
The Wave needs to shared challenges, opportunities, policy actions and advocacy
convene people through strategies. These platforms have a key role to play in helping
platforms that multiply drive scale in complex systems transitions.
impact and learning
30 31Putting Real Impact First
BUILD UPON, Ireland
During the first phase of the BUILD UPON project, a uniquely diverse community of nearly 2,000
organisations were brought together at over 100 events across Europe, to co-create the national building
renovation strategies required by EU law.
As part of this, the Irish Green Building Council brought together a community of close to 200
organisations at 14 connected events to co-design Ireland’s national renovation strategy. The core series
of events aimed to convene stakeholders at national level for policy formulation, city level to create local
solution networks, and European level to engage with other markets and share solutions.
Final Workshop:
Residential
Implementing
Commercial Buildings Sector Public Buildings Ireland's
Building Sector Workshop (Rural Workshop National
Workshop Areas) Dublin
Cloughjordan
Renovation
Dublin
Dublin
Where is it? Across Ireland
Residential European Declaration in European
Buildings Sector Workshop - 1 10 points for a Workshop - 2
Workshop (Urban Madrid, Spain better national Brussels, Belgium
Who is it for? All stakeholders involved in the renovation challenge Areas) renovation
Dublin strategy...
Cork
Impacts • 200 stakeholders actively involved in the participatory process.
• 135 stakeholders fully endorsed outcomes/recommendations, The stakeholder platform was established by the Irish GBC and co-led by a series of ‘Change Leaders’ ,
many of which went on to be adopted by government policy. each representing one of the diverse stakeholder groups identified in BUILD UPON’s Irish stakeholder map .
• 8 new collaborative cross-sector initiatives have spun out of the
The events were structured around cutting edge participatory techniques for co-creating solutions, and as
stakeholder platform.
they progressed the impact of these techniques was tracked.
Engaging a diverse group of stakeholders in the process facilitated a sense of community and provided
Dates 2015-17 originally (continuing in different form)
stakeholders with ownership of the problem. This and acknowledgement of progress made as a group,
galvanised the community and created a sense of momentum to find impactful solutions to shared challenges.
Key lessons
• By moving away from traditional consultation and focusing on community, stakeholders feel a sense
of ownership and more motivated to find solutions.
• Working in partnership with governments builds trust and a shared sense of purpose
• Stakeholder engagement is a continuous process, and they must be involved not only in design but in
implementation.
32 33Putting Real Impact First
Programma
Aardgasvrije Wijken: The Programma Aardgasvrije Wijken (PAW) is an K
nowledge development and expertise building
Gas Free Districts
intergovernmental programme that brings together through for example master classes and
national ministries and local authorities to support Communities of Practice.
communities to achieve the Netherlands 2050
S ignaling bottlenecks and addressing them
Programme
commitment to become ‘natural gas free’.
where possible.
The initiative aims to foster learning around how a
district approach to the natural-gas free transition Based on the practical experiences of the pilots to
can be structured and scaled up, through a series date, the PAW programme identifies key principles
of local, municipality-led pilots. The municipalities for participation which can be applied more widely
receive, on average, €4 million to cover the to similar stakeholder platforms, these include:
investment gap for unprofitable parts of the
• Policy choices - to secure adequate national
programme.
and municipal support it is key to identify
The municipality coordinates the pilot project, existing policy initiatives that the platform and
but always works closely together with local programme can support
Where is it? Netherlands stakeholders including residents, energy suppliers,
• Internal (municipal) organisation - success
network operators and housing corporations.
requires a different, less siloed, way of working
Local residents are engaged both through formal
across national and municipal government
Who is it for? Municipalities piloting district approaches to renovation and energy structures such as residents’ associations and
departments
transition programmes to eliminate natural gas heating through informal social connections. Most of this is
done through in person meetings and events.
• Working together democratically - the
Impacts • 27 pilot programmes launched in districts across the democratic quality of processes contributes to
The PAW programme is structured thematically
Netherlands legitimacy, but also to the support of policy and
and each theme has a manager who, for example
• Target of 100 pilots launched by 2028 results.
commissions research, organises meetings and
• 27,000 stakeholders convened in an online knowledge and events as well as providing an online forum for
• Stakeholder mapping - large scale transitions
learning platform conversations about bottlenecks, questions or
like this require long-lasting, well-functioning
• Lessons learned are influencing hundred of other municipalities, solutions. The programme has built an online
collaborations between all stakeholders;
shaping national policy making and informing other European community that now boasts 27,000 users.
from municipalities, to network operators, to
initiatives and platforms residents’ groups or energy cooperatives, to
The PAW programme also has a Knowledge
heat suppliers. It is critical to map and invest
and Learning Platform (KLP). In this knowledge
Dates 2018 - present time in relationships between all these actors.
programme, the experience and lessons of the
different pilot projects are shared with all Dutch
municipalities. The KLP has three goals:
Key lessons
• Collaborate at every level - convening stakeholders at national, municipal and local level around R
aising awareness among all municipalities
common objectives creates the strongest synergies about their role in the natural-gas free transition
• Map the stakeholders - at local level, it is critical to map and work with a range of representative of the built environment and the district-oriented
groups and entities[FA1] approach.
• Developing a diligent, successful district approach, that incorporates the interests of residents and
building owners, takes time: allow for that time and stimulate learning processes.
Image credit: Kick Smeets
34 4
https://www.aardgasvrijewijken.nl/handreikingparticipatie/default.aspx 35Work with us!
As 2020 is the start of the decade of climate action, we are inviting all cities, states, regions and
companies to work with us on solutions in the building sector.
The BUILD UPON² project is welcoming cities to join our work on renovation strategies, and
would love to hear more about impactful renovation initiatives you are running in your city -
which we can put on the European stage.
The pilot cities we are working with are: Velika Gorica, Croatia - Budaörs, Hungary - Dublin,
Ireland - Padova, Italy - Wroclaw, Poland - Valladolid, Spain - Eskişehir, Turkey - Leeds, UK
We are calling on leaders across the public and private sector to join the Net Zero Carbon
Buildings Commitment ahead of COP26 - to really make Europe’s renovation wave a reality.
Read more about the project and get in touch with the team via the links and details below.
Email europe@worldgbc.org
Web www.worldgbc.org/build-upon
Twitter @WorldGBC_Europe #BUILDUPON
Disclaimer: The sole responsibility for the content of this material lies with the authors. It does not necessarily represent the
views of the European Union, and neither EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use of this material.You can also read
