The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals (APSP)
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
WARNING: There is no substitute for constant, competent adult
supervision in the spa or hot tub environment. Lives depend on you!
The Association of Pool &
Spa Professionals (APSP)
is the world’s largest international trade
association representing the swimming
pool, spa, hot tub, and recreational water
industries with a mission to enhance
the business success of members. The
over 5,300 member companies of the
APSP include manufacturers, distributors,
The Sensible Way to Enjoy
manufacturers’ agents, designers, builders,
Your Spa or Hot Tub
installers, retailers, and service professionals.
APSP members adhere to a code of
business ethics and share a commitment The safety information
to public health and safety in the use in this booklet has
been reviewed by the
of pools, spas, and hot tubs. For more U.S. Consumer Product
information visit www.TheAPSP.org. Safety Commission
2111 Eisenhower Avenue
Alexandria VA 22314 An Essential Safety Guide—Mandatory Reading
703.838.0083
www.TheAPSP.org
Preface
Table of Contents
This booklet has been prepared by The Sensible Way to Enjoy Your Spa Good Reasons for Thinking
The Association of Pool & Spa Pro- or Hot Tub Safety First 2
fessionals (APSP) to inform you about
general safe use, operation, and Congratulations on being a spa or
Drowning Prevention Tips 3
maintenance of your spa or hot tub. hot tub owner. Your spa or hot tub
can give you, your family, and guests
It represents the current knowledge many years of fun and relaxation. Guidelines for Using
of the industry but is not intended Spas and Hot Tubs 6
This booklet contains important
“By carefully reading this
to cover all aspects of spa and hot
booklet, you may save the • Supervision 6
tub design, operation, installation, safety information you should know
and maintenance. Refer to specific about operating and maintaining life of a child or prevent • Soaking Safety 7
manufacturers’ instructions for your spa or hot tub. It will help
you understand some of the causes
serious harm to yourself, • Exercise 9
more details on product installation,
use, maintenance, and safety and of possible spa or hot tub-related family members, or friends. • Entertaining 9
keep them along with this booklet accidents and how to prevent them. It is your responsibility
for ready use and reference. Be It is your responsibility to be sure
that you, your family, and guests
to learn and understand Overall Safe Operation
sure to pass them along to future
safety principles and rules. and Maintenance of
owners or renters. use the spa or hot tub sensibly.
Your Spa or Hot Tub 11
To ensure safety, every
Spas and hot tubs are intended to In addition to this booklet, it is • Equipment In and Around
important to read and keep all
spa and hot tub owner the Spa or Hot Tub 11
provide many hours of enjoyment.
Just as with any product, you and of the operating instructions, must read this booklet.”
• Portable Spas—
only you can determine if your spa owner’s manuals, and warranties
Special Considerations 16
or hot tub is used sensibly. The key for your spa or hot tub and its
to safe use of a product is a sensible equipment. Clearly understand • Chemicals 17
and informed consumer. the specifics of safe operation and
• Electrical Maintenance 19
proper maintenance, which these
publications provide. Keep these • Recommended Use
materials on file for your own of Professionals 19
reference, review them seasonally,
• One More Warning on Drowning:
and pass them along to future
Children Aren’t Waterproof 20
owners or renters.
• For More Information 21
©2006 The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals
1
Good Reasons for Thinking Safety First Drowning Prevention Tips
Informed consumers are concerned If the drain cover is missing, Drowning prevention information layers of protection to complement
about safety because serious injuries broken, not securely fastened, or is not for “someone else.” It is for the requirement for constant, com-
and even death can result from does not comply with the latest you. Because only by increased petent adult supervision of young
unsafe use of spas and hot tubs edition of ASME/ANSI A112.19.8M, awareness and effort can we reduce children around aquatic environments.
and associated products. Here are shut down the spa or hot tub until such tragedies. Drowning is one Remember, these layers of protection
some examples: the drain cover is replaced. Consult of the leading causes of accidental may only delay and may not prevent
a spa or hot tub professional. death for American infants and a toddler from entering the spa or
ä DROWNING – According to the children five and under. hot tub area. Supervision is the only
U.S. Consumer Product Safety ä BURNS/FIRES – Chemicals needed way to prevent an accident.
Commission (CPSC) at least for clean, sanitized water are Organizations such as the American
240 children under 5 years old potentially harmful when stored Red Cross, the National Drowning Children are naturally attracted
drown in pools, spas, and hot or used improperly. If mixed Prevention Foundation, Think to swimming pools and associated
tubs. Most of the cases involve with other chemicals or elements, First, The Association of Pool & Spa pool toys. To prevent drownings
residential pools. Drowning explosions and fire can occur. Professionals, the Centers for Disease and other serious injuries, you
remains the second leading cause Control and Prevention (CDC), must keep children away from spas,
of injury-related death among ä ELECTRICAL SHOCK/ELECTRO- the YMCA of the United States, the hot tubs, and all bodies of water
children ages 1 to 14 in all bodies CUTION – Water is an excellent National Rehabilitation Hospital, in the absence of adult supervision.
of water nationwide. conductor of electricity. Electrical and the National Swimming Pool Following are some safety tips that
shock or electrocution can occur Foundation, recognize that constant, can help save young lives. For more
ä ELEVATED BODY TEMPERATURE – in a spa or hot tub if live electrical competent adult supervision is the information, request the brochures
Soaking for too long at higher current (including current from primary element in an integrated titled “Children Aren’t Waterproof ”
water temperatures can elevate a telephone) comes into contact approach to drowning prevention. and “Layers of Protection” from
body temperature and the with the water. The Association of Pool & Spa
temperature of internal organs While supervision is the key to Professionals, 2111 Eisenhower Avenue,
beyond safe limits. Pregnant ä CUTS, CONTUSIONS, AND ABRA- accomplishing the objective of Alexandria, VA 22314, 703.838.0083,
women, infants, and children SIONS – These injuries can occur reducing the number of submersion memberservices@TheAPSP.org.
are especially sensitive to high in the spa or hot tub environment incidents, it is well known that, Consumer copies are available free
temperatures, as are many people as a result of horseplay, improper at times, children may do the at 1- 800-323-3996.
with certain medical conditions use of equipment or failure to unexpected, catching their supervi-
such as diabetes, heart conditions, follow manufacturers’ instructions sors off guard. Because being caught
and those taking certain pres- or warnings. Serious trauma or off guard does occur and there
cription medicines. disabling injuries also may occur. may be a lapse in supervision, “Spas and hot tubs are fun—but
The Association of Pool & Spa
ä ENTRAPMENT – Suction from non-
along with the fun comes serious
You can help ensure that your family Professionals (APSP) has developed
complying outlet/cover grates and and guests are not victims of any of a Model Barrier Code, which has responsibility. Be sure that good
drains can cause entrapment of these unfortunate accidents. been approved by the American times are safe times. Establish
hair or body parts and drowning. National Standards Institute (ANSI)
rules and enforce them.”
as ANSI/IAF -8 2005 Model Barrier
Code for Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs.
This Model Barrier Code establishes
2 3
• Never leave a child alone or out • Floating toys attract youngsters. • If you use a spa or hot tub cover ä IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
of your eyesight in or near the Remove toys from the spa or hot as a safety cover, it must comply
spa or hot tub—not even for tub when not in use. Your child with ASTM F1346-96 Standard 1. Dial the local emergency
a second. THERE IS ABSOLUTELY can easily fall into the spa or hot Performance Specifications for Safety telephone numbers (9-1-1, or
NO SUBSTITUTE FOR CONSTANT, tub while trying to retrieve one. Covers and Labeling Requirements the appropriate 10-digit number
COMPETENT ADULT SUPERVISION. for All Covers for Swimming Pools, for Emergency Medical Service
(See Supervision section.) • Keep toys, particularly baby walkers, Spas, and Hot Tubs. Also, carefully (EMS), Fire, or Police). It is
tricycles, or wheel toys, away from read the manufacturer’s directions advisable to install a telephone
• Never leave children with caretakers inground spas or hot tubs. A child for safe use. Always completely (or use a cordless telephone)
or supervisors unless they are playing with these could accidentally remove the cover before using your in the spa or hot tub area.
capable and responsible in the spa fall into the water. spa or hot tub. Be sure to test
or hot tub environment. Appoint the temperature of the water after 2. Give your:
a “designated child watcher.” • Do not rely on plastic inner tubes, removing the cover to prevent A. Name,
inflatable arm bands, or other flota- scalding. A cover on a spa or hot B. Location, and
• If you must leave the spa or hot tion devices to prevent accidents. tub can greatly increase the C. Telephone number you
tub area, even for one minute, temperature of the water. Drain any are calling from.
take your child with you. One lapse • When the spa or hot tub is not in standing water from the surface
in supervision can spell tragedy. use, the owner is responsible for of your spa or hot tub cover (e.g., 3. Tell what happened and how
safeguarding it. by using a water pump). Even a many people need help.
• Remove vegetation and other small amount of water may be
obstacles to ensure a clear view of • Make certain that all doors and sufficient for an infant or small 4. Don’t hang up the phone
the spa or hot tub. Be aware of gates leading from the house to child to drown. Be especially alert until after the emergency
bubbles; they may hinder visibility. the spa or hot tub area are kept for potential drowning accidents professional does.
shut and locked/latched whenever if you use any lightweight, floating
• Do not allow anyone of any age soaking cannot be supervised. spa or hot tub covers (e.g., solar Adults in the family should be trained
to soak without a “watcher” nearby. or insulating covers). These in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Examples of good safety behavior • Make sure any locks or latches are not safety covers and no one (CPR). CPR is the combination
by adults are important to educat- are above the reach of toddlers should walk or crawl on them. of rescue breathing and artificial
ing and safeguarding children. to protect against unauthorized circulation for victims of respiratory
entry and use. • To avoid hair and body suction or cardiac arrest as a result of
• Never consider children water-safe entrapment, never use a spa or drowning, heart attack, or other
despite their swimming skills, • A fence, wall, safety cover, or natural hot tub if any of the cover/grates causes. CPR training is available
previous instruction, or experience. barrier shall completely enclose outlets are non-complying, missing, through the local chapters of the
Many professionals warn that your spa or hot tub to keep children broken, or not securely fastened. American Red Cross or the American
these lessons may provide a false and unauthorized guests out. If The suction outlet cover/grate Heart Association. Adults should
sense of security to a child’s family access gates are used, they should must comply with ASME/ANSI also know how to administer mouth-
and not actually prepare a child have a self-latching or self-closing A112.19.8M, Suction Fittings for to-mouth resuscitation and other
for surviving a true emergency. mechanism. Swimming and Wading Pools, Spas, lifesaving techniques.
Hot Tubs, and Whirlpool Bathtub
• Do not place objects (e.g., chairs Appliances. Consult a spa or hot
or tables) near the spa or hot tub tub professional. PREVENTING AN EMERGENCY IS THE
fence that could allow a youngster BEST PREPARATION: Never leave
to climb over. • Do not permit playful screaming a child alone in or near a pool, spa,
for help (false alarms) that might hot tub, or any other body of water!
mask a real emergency.
4 5Guidelines for Using Spas and Hot Tubs Soaking Safety
“Don’t soak for longer than
Soaking in your spa or hot tub is
15 minutes in 104° F water. relaxing, warm, and wonderful.
In lower temperatures The hot water soothes your body
Take special precautions with young Supervision (e.g., 98.6° F “normal” body and rejuvenates your spirits. But
children who use spas or hot tubs. that same hot water holds some
Spas and hot tubs are deep enough Supervision is a key element in getting
temperature), most people can potential dangers.
for children to drown in a matter of maximum, safe enjoyment from safely soak for longer periods.”
minutes! Such accidents are usually your spa or hot tub. One individual • Persons with heart disease, diabetes,
silent and often without any signs must assume primary responsibility high or low blood pressure, or any
of distress at the surface. Bubbles for supervising the spa or hot tub. serious illness as well as pregnant
may obscure visibility. Also, children Appoint a “designated child watcher.” women and persons with any doubt
These rules should be clearly com-
may become ill from overheating. The supervisor must study the con- about sensitivity to higher tempera-
municated to and understood by
tents of this booklet as well as any tures, should not enter a spa or hot
all persons, young and old, who use
As a spa or hot tub owner, you may instructions from the spa or hot tub without prior consultation with
your spa or hot tub. Most importantly,
be legally liable for the safety of tub manufacturer and be thoroughly their doctor.
consistently enforce these rules.
all persons who use your facility. familiar with all facets of the safe
Never leave the spa or hot tub
You have the ultimate responsibility. operation and maintenance of the • Before entering, look at the water
unsupervised. When supervision
Be sure your insurance policy is spa or hot tub. He or she will take in your spa or hot tub. If there
is not available, even for a moment,
updated to include ownership of responsibility for communicating is cloudiness or foaming, or if a
close the spa or hot tub.
your spa or hot tub. safety information to all persons “locker room” or strong chlorine
who enter the spa or hot tub area. smell is present, the water needs
It makes sense to pay special attention
However, facing ownership responsi- It is a good idea to designate a treatment. Soaking in such water
to educating children about safety
bilities does not mean taking the back-up for times when the primary greatly increases your chances of
precautions. Teach your children
fun out of using your spa or hot supervisor is unavailable. getting a skin rash (pseudomonas).
about equipment maintenance and
tub. If you know about proper safety Be sure to maintain the water
proper upkeep of the spa or hot tub.
practices and use good judgment, The supervisor or “designated child properly. Ask your spa or hot tub
As they get older, your children will
you will find that the benefits of watcher” is responsible for enforcing professional for guidance.
learn from your example that they
a spa or hot tub can far outweigh “house rules” for your spa or hot tub.
must respect the spa or hot tub and
the risks. Here are some guidelines Draw up these rules from information • People with skin, ear, genital, or
surrounding area and act responsibly.
for using your spa or hot tub. in this booklet and other safety and other body infections, open sores,
maintenance information provided or wounds should not use the
It also makes sense for the supervisor
by the manufacturer or dealer. These spa or hot tub because of the
and other responsible family members
rules should cover such things as possibility of spreading infection.
to be trained in artificial respiration
the length of time allowed for a soak,
and/or cardiopulmonary resuscitation
consumption of alcoholic beverages, • Shower with soap and water before
(CPR). Instruction is available from
maintenance, use of electrical appli- and after using the spa or hot tub.
local community organizations such
ances, and the handling of chemicals. Showering before use washes away
as the American Red Cross.
Establish rules immediately. Write many of the common skin bacteria
them in simple language and post and removes lotions, deodorants,
them where they are easy to see— creams, etc. Perspiration and lotions
near the spa or hot tub. Use the safety will reduce the effectiveness of the
information in this booklet to help disinfectant and lessen the ability
develop your safety rules. of the filter to work efficiently.
6 7• High water temperatures can • As with alcohol, the combined use • Never allow children to use the spa Entertaining
elevate your body temperature and of certain prescribed medicines or hot tub unsupervised. Children
the temperature of internal organs and hot water soaking can be enjoy playing in water and may Your spa or hot tub can be the focal
beyond safe limits. (It’s almost like dangerous. Never use a spa or hot not understand the risks involved point for happy entertaining. Plan
having a fever.) It is recommended tub while using or after using in overexposure. Discretion is ahead to prevent accidents and
that maximum water temperature narcotics or other drugs that may advised in allowing children to use injuries to make your entertaining
never exceed 104° F (40° C). cause sleepiness or drowsiness spas and hot tubs at all, since their truly enjoyable.
or raise or lower blood pressure. young bodies may not adjust well
• Soaking too long makes some people With any drug or medication, to the high temperatures. If in • Your family and guests are likely to
nauseated, dizzy, lightheaded, or consult with your doctor about doubt, check with your doctor for be intrigued by your new spa or hot
faint. Don’t soak for more than potentially harmful effects from specific recommendations for your tub. Before they go in—and espe-
15 minutes at one sitting in 104° F combined use of the drug and children given their age or other cially if it is their first time in a hot
(40° C) water. If you wish to soak hot water soaking. Never use medical considerations. water facility—explain the safety
for a longer period of time in high a spa or hot tub if you are under precautions. Point out how to enter
temperatures, leave the spa or hot the influence of drugs. • If children will be using your spa it and where the seats are located.
tub after 15 minutes, and then cool or hot tub, explain to them that they
down and return for another brief • It is best not to soak immediately cannot under any circumstances • Food and drink play an important
stay. In lower temperatures (e.g., after eating a heavy meal. dive or jump into it. While a spa part in your entertaining. Establish
98.6° F—normal body temperature), or hot tub may seem deep and an area away from the spa or hot
most people can comfortably and • Keep an accurate thermometer large to a child, it is not designed tub for refreshments to prevent
safely soak for longer periods at one in the spa or hot tub at all times for jumping, diving, or underwater accidental slips or falls caused by
sitting. If you have any questions to monitor the water temperature. swimming. Serious injury can spills near the spa or tub or on the
about what’s right for you and your Be sure you check the water result if any of these are attempted. deck and to prevent debris from
family, consult with your doctor. temperature before entering and falling into the water.
while in the spa or hot tub.
• Never use the spa or hot tub when Exercise • More likely than not, your guests
you are alone. • Do not try to adjust or touch will be barefooted while near the spa
equipment such as pumps, heaters, Your spa or hot tub is an excellent or hot tub. Use only unbreakable
• Never use a spa or hot tub while using or electrical appliances while you place to relax your cares away. It dishes, beverage containers, and
or after using alcohol. Alcohol acts are in the spa or hot tub, or while is also good for “warming up” with utensils. Never use glass anywhere
to expand your blood vessels and standing in water, unless designed simple flexibility exercises. These near the spa or hot tub. Broken
increase your body temperature, as such and recommended by exercises are easier in water because glass is invisible in water and
much like soaking in hot water does. the manufacturer. water effectively lessens the pull extremely difficult to get out of
Alcohol in your bloodstream and of gravity on your body. Be aware the support system.
soaking at the same time creates • Enter the spa or hot tub slowly of the weakening effect of hot water
a combined effect that can be and cautiously. Be careful of your and don’t overdo it. If you wish • Keep electrical appliances a signifi-
damaging. The body temperature footing and allow your body to exercise in your spa or hot tub, cant distance from the spa or hot
may accelerate to dangerous levels to gradually get used to the water lower the temperature to 80° F. tub. Don’t use extension cords.
quickly. The alcohol may cause nau- temperature. Leave slowly as well, Use a ground fault circuit interrupter
sea, dizziness, or lightheadedness. because your leg muscles may Before beginning any exercise pro- (GFCI) on any appliance that must
The ultimate danger of combined be sufficiently relaxed to make gram, consult your physician. Use be near the spa or hot tub. Where
alcohol consumption and hot water you a bit unsteady and you may good judgment in monitoring your possible, use battery-operated
soaking is drowning due to loss of become lightheaded. own exercise and supervising others appliances around the spa or hot
consciousness, heart attack, or injury who exercise in your spa or hot tub. tub. Electrocution from appliances
due to passing out and falling. and telephones in contact with
water is a real danger.
8 9• If you use your spa or hot tub at
night, provide adequate lighting
• You have the bottom-line responsi-
bility in entertaining. Use good
Overall Safe Operation and Maintenance
around the facility. judgment to help protect yourself, of Your Spa or Hot Tub
your family, and guests. If you are
• Alcohol consumption and spa and unsure of any person’s condition
hot tub activities do not mix. or abilities, prohibit them Keeping your spa or hot tub in top ä COVERS (SOLAR AND
Alcohol acts as a depressant. It can from using your spa or hot tub. operating form is very important INSULATING ONLY)
“slow you down” because it affects Remember, you are in charge to help ensure the safety of those who • Spa covers are a real benefit
the part of the brain that exercises of your facility. use it and to protect your investment. to you in terms of saving energy
restraint and control. Alcohol can Carefully read, understand, and follow and keeping debris out of the
instill false courage or “bravado,” the operating and maintenance spa. For safe installation, use,
leading people to try things they One More Word on Drinking instructions supplied by the spa and maintenance of these covers,
normally would not. Therefore, or hot tub manufacturer and the carefully read and follow the
persons who have been drinking Many people believe they have to manufacturers of associated products directions of the manufacturer.
alcohol should not be allowed drink a lot to be affected by alcohol. (e.g., chemicals). This booklet is These are not safety covers. They
in the spa or hot tub and should Studies show this just isn’t true. not intended to replace information do not prevent drowning or entry
be carefully supervised in the The alcohol in just one or two beers supplied by manufacturers. A good into the spa or hot tub. Avoid
surrounding area. can affect your judgment, even general rule is to visually inspect your the possibility of someone being
though you don’t feel or appear spa or hot tub area and equipment trapped under the spa cover by
• Prescription and over-the-counter to be “drunk.’’ Even a small amount regularly. If anything looks broken, completely removing the cover
medicines sometimes cause of alcohol can slow your reflexes. worn, corroded, frayed, or not right, before use. Safety spa covers must
drowsiness or have other side effects. This is especially true if you contact your spa or hot tub profes- be in compliance with ASTM
If you are taking prescription are tired or on medication such sional for advice and repairs. A F1346-96 Standard Performance
medicine, check with your doctor as cold or allergy remedies or simple repair or replacement may Specifications for Safety Covers
before using the spa or hot tub. prescription drugs. prevent an injury or save a life. It and Labeling Requirements for
also may prevent more serious or All Covers for Swimming Pools,
• Never allow anyone who has been expensive equipment problems. Spas, and Hot Tubs. For more
drinking alcohol or using drugs information, see Drowning
to go into the spa or hot tub. Prevention Tips.
There is a great possibility that Equipment In and Around
the person could drown or be the Spa or Hot Tub • Be sure to test the temperature
seriously injured. “Entertaining can be both fun of the water right after removing
There are many products that you the cover. A cover on a spa or
• Do not allow running on the deck
and safe with a little planning hot tub can greatly increase the
will buy to complement your spa
or area around the spa or hot tub, and good judgment. Use only or hot tub. Be aware of all precau- temperature of the water.
as injuries may occur from slips unbreakable dishes, beverage tions related to the installation,
and falls. use, and maintenance of these • Forbid children from playing on
containers, and utensils. top of the spa or hot tub cover.
products. Follow the manufacturers’
• If your spa or hot tub is outdoors, And never allow anyone to instructions for use.
stay out of it during lightning soak if under the influence • Most spa and hot tub covers
or rainstorms, because of the aren’t designed to support the
possibility of electrocution from
of alcohol or drugs.” weight of a child. Be especially
the lightning hitting the water. alert if you use a lightweight,
floating cover.
10 11ä DECKS unauthorized entry and use. (The ä HANDRAILS, STEPS, AND LADDERS protected against by ground
• A deck or patio around your spa inside latch should be above the • Handrails, steps, and ladders fault circuit interrupters
or hot tub can add real beauty reach of toddlers or young children.) must be securely mounted. (GFCIs), which are designed
and enjoyment. Be sure your Check with your state and local Routinely inspect them to ensure to protect against the hazards
deck or patio has a slip resistant government to learn their specific that they are firmly in place. of electrical shock.
surface with adequate drainage. legal requirements concerning bar- Check for broken treads, sharp
Overall, slips and falls constitute riers and other layers of protection edges, and loose bolts and nuts. • If you are installing your own
the greatest number of accidents around spas or hot tubs. If none Keep handrails, steps, and ladders spa or hot tub, it is your respon-
involving water facilities. Keep exist, contact the APSP for the unobstructed for use. Don’t sibility to make certain that all
the deck or patio clean and clear ANSI approved Model Barrier Code use them for hanging towels or work performed complies with
of all debris. Check periodically (ANSI/IAF-8 2005 Model Barrier other items. the National Electrical Code
for any signs of wear and Code for Residential Swimming and all other applicable codes
tear, which may make these Pools, Spas, and Hot Tubs) and the • If your spa or hot tub has a and regulations.
surfaces hazardous. APSP brochure “Layers of Protec- removable ladder for entry,
tion.” You cannot be too cautious. remember to remove it when the
• Insist that there be no running, If your spa or hot tub is indoors, lock facility is not to be used or when ä FITTINGS, GRATES, AND DRAIN
pushing, or roughhousing near the door to the room or have a cover no supervision is available. COVERS
the spa or hot tub. that locks to keep out children and • Your spa or hot tub’s inlet and
other unauthorized users. outlet fittings, grates and skim-
ä ELECTRICAL OUTLETS mer, and main drain covers
Layers of Protection • Alarms similar to burglar alarms • To safely use electricity in and must be designed to prevent
may be placed on the doors to alert around your spa or hot tub, you entrapment. They must comply
• Spas and hot tubs are attractive to caretakers of unauthorized entry to must have equipment expressly with the latest edition of
children, and children must be kept the spa or hot tub area. All fences designed for this purpose. ASME/ANSI A112.19.8M. They
away from them in the absence of can be climbed by children given Consult with a licensed electrician also should be kept in good
adequate adult supervision. Layers sufficient time. Do not assume that for help in correctly equipping repair and should be secured
of protection, such as a fence, wall, or your spa or hot tub is safe from your spa or hot tub area for in such a manner that they
natural barrier of sufficient height, entry because you have a fence. A electricity. Ask the licensed elec- can’t be removed without the
can help keep out children under the fence may lull you into a false sense trician to be aware of any local use of tools.
age of five and other unauthorized of security. Only competent, con- electrical codes that apply in
users. All gates or doors giving stant adult supervision can prevent your area. Ensure that your spa
access to the spa or hot tub should drowning accidents. All layers of or hot tub and its equipment
have a self-closing and self-latching protection must be kept in good are designed and installed to
“Keep grates and drain covers
mechanism that protects against working order at all times. conform to the National Electrical
Code for spas/hot tubs and in good repair and secured in
related equipment. Electrical place. Alert your family and
work is not for do-it-yourselfers
guests to stay away from these
or other amateurs. Contract
“Layers of protection such as a fence, wall, or natural barrier around with a licensed electrician devices, as the suction from
your outdoor spa or hot tub can help keep out children under the to make sure that all of your drain outlets is strong enough
outside electrical lines (not just
age of five and all other unauthorized users. If your spa or hot tub to cause entrapment of hair
those for the spa or hot tub and
is indoors, lock the door to the room or have a locking safety cover its equipment and accessories, or body parts, which can
in place when the facility is not in use.” but also for other appliances cause drowning.”
used outside as well) are all
13
12• Tell children, particularly, that off the internal pressure. When ä HEATERS
these devices are not toys. Instruct you restart your filter after main- • Heaters should be installed
WARNING all users not to stick their fingers, tenance or when you are turning according to the manufacturer’s
DROWNING HAZARD toes, or body into them. Entrap-
ment and drowning can occur.
on your equipment to put your
spa or hot tub in operation,
instructions and should be in
accordance with state or local
always bleed off the air in your government regulations or fire
• Anyone with long hair should be filter tank, and even then, stand codes. Heaters can be dangerous-
cautioned not to get their hair back. Serious bodily injury can ly hot to the touch. Do not place
near a spa or hot tub outlet. The occur if the top of the filter or drape any flammable material
suction can cause hair or body separates from the bottom with (e.g., a towel or tee shirt) on top
Avoid Evisceration
entrapment and drowning. Keep sudden force because of some of or near a heater.
long hair away from the suction problem or error on your part.
fitting drain cover/grate. If you Always securely clamp the top • If you wish to use a propane
have long hair, pin it up or wear and bottom of a two-piece filter heater, consult local regulations
a bathing cap. A drain without in accordance with the manufac- for the safe use, hook-up, and
a cover/grate can have a pull of turer’s specifications. Serious storage of propane products.
approximately 700 lbs.—enough bodily injury can result if the These regulations may be under
to hold an adult under water! top of a two-piece filter is blown the control of local fire or muni-
Avoid Drain Covers
Never allow a child to play in a off by air pressure that is allowed cipal departments, county build-
way that could permit the child’s to accumulate in the tank. ing codes, etc. Learn of your local
hair to come near the drain cover. If you are at all unsure of how regulations and follow them.
to proceed, call your spa or hot
• Never play or swim near drains tub professional. • With propane or natural gas
or suction fittings. Your body heaters, when lighting or relighting
or hair may be trapped causing • Carefully follow the manufacturer’s the pilot or turning the heater on
permanent injury or drowning. instructions for maintaining, or off, refer to the manufacturer’s
Avoid Body Entrapment
servicing, or repairing a filter or instructions on the name and
• Never enter the pool or spa if a separation tank. Regularly inspect rating plate. This plate is attached
suction fitting or the drain cover this equipment while it is turned to the heater inside the control
is loose, broken, or missing. off, with the idea of replacing compartment. Following these
worn or damaged parts. Never instructions will prevent injuries.
• Immediately notify the pool/spa inspect filtration equipment Gas is explosive and flammable.
owner or operator if you find without being sure that the
the drain cover loose, broken, internal pressure has been bled • IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTE: Fossil
Avoid Finger Entrapment
or missing. off through the manual valve fuel appliances, like spa heaters,
provided for that purpose. Refer produce poisonous carbon
to manufacturer’s instructions. monoxide gas as a byproduct
ä FILTER SYSTEMS of combustion. Proper venting
• Most filter systems can maintain • Filtration equipment requires of exhaust gases and the correct
internal pressure even when shut care in handling as well as sizing of gas meters, gas supply
off. Never perform work on your regular maintenance and piping, make-up air intakes, etc.
filter equipment without turning replacement parts to function are critical installation consider-
Avoid Hair Entanglement the entire system off and bleeding properly and efficiently. ations in preventing potential
carbon monoxide gas poisoning
or loss of life.
14 15ä MAINTENANCE OF WATER • At least one responsible person • Have a licensed electrician verify ä STORAGE
• Keep the spa or hot tub clean should be trained in artificial res- that all portable spa equipment • Chemical reagents for test kits
and clear of debris. Keep the piration and/or cardiopulmonary is wired through a GFCI, and test should be replaced each year.
water clean so that you can see resuscitation (CPR). Such training the GFCI regularly to ensure proper
the bottom when entering (or is available from local organiza- operation in case of electrical • Keep the original lids on all
before turning on the water jets). tions such as the American malfunction. chemical containers and make
Red Cross. sure the lids are tightly closed
• Use an EPA-registered sanitizer • Do not use extension cords. when not in use.
and follow the use directions
on the label to protect against Portable Spas • Do not use plug receptacles that • Do not stack different chemicals
the spread of infection. Do not (Cord Connected)— could be exposed to weather or on top of one another.
assume that because the water moisture.
Special Considerations
is clear it has been properly • Store your spa or hot tub chemi-
sanitized. Periodically check the cals in a clean, cool, dry, well-
In addition to all of the guidelines
sanitizer levels to ensure they
for spas and hot tubs, there are Chemicals ventilated area, preferably off the
are maintained according to the floor, to prevent contamination
some special conditions for portable
label directions. The chemicals needed for your spa from other materials. Never
spas, which plug into existing
or hot tub help make it clean, safe, store chemicals near the spa or
electrical outlets.
• Keep the spa or hot tub filled and more attractive to use. But, hot tub heater. Always keep
to its proper level. Periodically remember that these chemicals them away from chemicals and
• Have a licensed electrician verify
check the water levels. are potentially dangerous and may equipment used for garden and
that the amperage capacity of the
present some hazards if not used lawn maintenance. Keep acids
circuit into which the portable spa
• Change the water on a schedule properly. Carefully follow the manu- away from other chemicals.
is connected, exceeds the amperage
recommended by your spa or facturer’s instructions for the use
rating of the spa equipment. Most
hot tub professional. and storage of chemicals. In general, • Keep liquid chemicals away from
portable spas require a 20-amp
here are some tips for chemical dry chemicals. Physically separate
ä FIRST AID
circuit with no other appliances
use and storage: different forms of chemicals.
operating from the same circuit
• Have a complete first aid kit near Chemicals that are labeled as
as the spa.
the facility and make sure that • Before using chemicals, read the “oxidizers” should be kept apart
someone knows how to use the labels and directions carefully. from other chemicals.
• Do not assume that the wall outlet
contents properly. Post a list Follow label use instructions.
for the portable spa is properly
of emergency telephone numbers • Do not store your spa or hot tub
grounded. Have a licensed electri-
by the phone nearest the spa • Keep all chemicals out of the reach chemicals where other flammable
cian check for the quality of the
or hot tub (or keep a cordless of children. items may mix with them. For
ground in the circuit. When used
phone nearby). This list should example, a mixture of these
in accordance with the ground
contain the names and telephone chemicals and fertilizer can
fault circuit interrupter (GFCI),
numbers of the closest physician, cause a fire or explosion.
this ground provides the only safety
ambulance service, hospital
measure in the event of electrical “Don’t guess with chemicals.
and police, fire, or rescue unit. • Wash your hands thoroughly
malfunction of the spa equipment
It is a good idea to include your
or connecting cord. Before using, read the labels after using chemicals.
home address on this list. In an and follow directions carefully.
emergency, it’s not uncommon
for someone to panic and forget Be sure to store them properly.”
his or her own address.
16 17ä USAGE • Test the water in your spa or hot
• Never mix two chemicals together. tub with a reliable test kit on
“Working with electricity is usually a job best left to the experts.
Use a clean scoop for each chem- a schedule recommended by your
ical, and never combine material spa or hot tub professional. Don’t take chances.”
from “old” and “new” containers. Add the necessary chemicals
according to the test results and
• Always add chemicals to water. the manufacturer’s instructions.
Never add water to chemicals. In the hot water environments
of spas and hot tubs, disinfec- Electrical Maintenance • Do not let water accumulate on the
• Always add the chemicals directly tants may rapidly break up floor or deck areas where electrical
to the spa or hot tub water, and spread out, requiring more Working with electricity is a job best switches are located.
either in a suitable feeder, frequent water testing. (The left to the experts. Here are some
distributed across the surface higher temperatures deplete the general safety rules and precautions • Do not stand in water while
of the water, or diluted and chemicals faster.) Follow your for electrical maintenance: operating electrical components.
poured into the water. Follow manufacturer’s instructions
label use instructions. in this regard. Also, the more • Before working with any electrical
people who use the facility, the equipment, make sure the Recommended Use
• When preparing water solutions more frequently you should electricity is turned off at the of Professionals
for feeder application, pour the test the water. circuit breaker or fuse box.
chemical slowly into the appro- For your protection, only spa or hot
priate amount of water, stirring • Do not inhale dust or fumes • Make sure that the electrical tub professionals, licensed electri-
constantly to provide mixing from any chemicals. If necessary, outlets near the spa or hot tub are cians, builders, carpenters or other
and dilutions. use proper protective devices protected by ground fault circuit appropriate experts should perform
for breathing, handling, and interrupters (GFCIs). GFCIs are the following services:
• Never add chemicals to the spa eye protection. Promptly wash designed to prevent electrical
or hot tub water while people off any residues that get on shock. They are a kind of “fail safe” • Selection, installation, and servicing
are using the facility. your skin. device that can shut off electrical of electrical equipment, heaters,
current in fractions of seconds. filters, and separation tanks; covers
• Carefully clean up any spilled • Never reuse old chemical Ask a licensed electrician for (including solar); solar systems;
chemicals with large amounts containers. more details. plumbing and related devices.
of water, to dilute and wash
away the chemicals. Check with • If you have any questions • If you have any frayed cords, loose • Building of walls, fences, and
local authorities before sending regarding safe handling, storage, connections, sparking or arcing, turn other barriers as layers of
disinfectants and pH adjustment or use of spa or hot tub chemi- off the power at the circuit breaker protection to children and other
chemicals to the sewer as waste. cals, contact the manufacturers. and call a licensed electrician. unauthorized users.
The phone number and website
•Wash out empty chemical con- of the chemical manufacturing • Have a licensed electrician inspect • Annual inspection of all spa and
tainers before disposal to elimi- company is usually on the label and test all equipment prior to initial hot tub equipment and accessories.
nate danger of fire, explosion, of the product. operation and before each season.
or poisoning.
• Never replace bulbs for underwater
lights yourself. Get an expert to do
this for you.
18 19One More Warning The American Academy of Pediatrics For More Information
on Drowning: Children recommends:
Aren’t Waterproof 1. If parents wish to enroll infants The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals (APSP) offers many publications
in a water adjustment and swim- and materials to help you enjoy your spa or hot tub. They also offer informative
The popularity of swimming
ming program, it should be on a materials on inground and aboveground pools.
instruction for preschoolers has
one-to-one basis with the parent
increased dramatically over the
or a responsible adult. Total CONTACT: MORE SAFETY INFORMATION:
last few years. “Water adjustment”
submersion should be prohibited. The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals Consumer Page of APSP Website:
or “water proofing” classes have
Organized group swimming 2111 Eisenhower Avenue www.TheAPSP.org
attempted to create acceptance
instruction is not recommended Alexandria, VA 22314 OR
of water by young children, provide
for children under three years 703.838.0083 APSP Consumer Hotline:
young children with “survival”
of age. Fax 703-549-0493 1-800-323-3996
types of reactions to remain afloat
memberservices@TheAPSP.org
after accidental entrance into
2. Instruction should be carried out www.TheAPSP.org
water, develop coordination, and
by trained instructors in properly
provide exercise. Many professionals,
maintained pools.
however, warn that these lessons
may provide a false sense of security
to a child’s family and not actually
3. Infants with known medical Notice to Parents and Spa/Hot Tub Owners
problems should receive
prepare a child for surviving a
clearance from their physicians. It is your responsibility to enforce the rules of safety. A good exercise would
true emergency.
be to have each of your children and the other spa/hot tub users who reside
4. Efforts to reduce the number of with you read this booklet and sign in one of the spaces indicated below. This
drownings among children should will help you enforce the rules since you can always refer back to their promise
concentrate on two methods of reflected by their signature.
proven effectiveness:
A. The assurance of constant, We the undersigned have read this safety booklet. We understand what it says
competent adult supervision and we promise to follow the rules of safety and to use our common sense.
for children or non-swimmers
in swimming areas.
B. The use of personal flotation
devices for all non-swimmers
close to bodies of water or
in boats.
5. People who own pools or spas
should be properly trained in
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR).
PARENTS: The life and health of you and your children as well as your friends and
neighbors are important. Please practice safety and supervise your spa or hot tub.
20You can also read
