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TheJournal
Magazine of the
Chartered Institute
of Journalists
Spring 2019
Serving professional journalism since 1912
Government launches plan
to defend media freedom
F
oreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt has real impact for journalists
announced a new campaign by and the free societies who
the British Government “to defend depend on their work. She
free media around the world.” Speaking will use her expertise to
at the G7 summit in France on April 5, chair a panel comprising
the Foreign Secretary, together with his the world’s best legal
Special Envoy on Media Freedom, the minds to develop and
international lawyer Amal Clooney, said a promote legal mechanisms
high-level panel of legal experts was being to prevent and reverse
formed “to counter draconian laws that media abuses.”
hinder journalists from going about their Clooney said: “I welcome
work.” the UK Government’s
The Foreign Secretary explained: focus on this issue at a time
“Violence against journalists has reached when journalists are being
alarming levels globally and we cannot killed and imprisoned at
turn a blind eye. The media has a crucial record levels all over the
role to play in holding the powerful to world and I look forward
account. There is no escaping the fact that to working on new legal initiatives conference on media freedom, co-hosted
draconian and outdated laws around the that can help to ensure a more effective in the UK by the British and Canadian
world are being used to restrict the ability international response. The global governments. This will bring together
of the media to report the truth.” campaign on media freedom aims to shine leaders from around the world to seek
He added that Amal Clooney’s leading a spotlight on media abuses and reverse consensus behind the measures that can
work on human rights meant she was the trend of violence against journalists.” be taken to improve the protection of
“ideally placed to ensure this campaign has In July, there will be a major international journalists.
Institute for this to be highlighted as the industry
struggles to deal with more than 240 title
closures since 2005.”
not impact impartiality and has a focus on
providing long-term solutions.”
welcomes Consideration for tax breaks and grants
are “extremely welcome”, said Leighton,
as is the review’s recommendation that
Growing criticism
Facebook’s pledge of millions to
help train local journalists comes amid
Cairncross
online news aggregators should be held growing criticism of the company’s
more accountable for the news links failure to deal with fake news on its
they highlight and share. However, any platform, and might be seen as a cynical
Review
initiatives designed to support the industry ploy to deflect that criticism. An over-
through this unprecedented period should reliance on this support would be a
be focused on the long-term, he said, to concern when you cannot guarantee a
make sure there is “a viable future for commitment beyond the current political
T he conclusions of the recent Cairncross
review into sustainable journalism are
a welcome step in the right direction, says
the local newspaper industry as well as
quality journalism”.
Janice Shillum Bhend, President of the
storm Facebook is experiencing.
“More support for training local
journalists is vital,” says Shillum Bhend,
the Chartered Institute of Journalists. CIoJ, reiterated the Institute’s support “but with the loss of so many local
“Dame Frances Cairncross has hit the right for the conclusions of the review: newspapers over the last decade, we
note by highlighting the need to underpin “The findings from the Cairncross must ensure there are jobs available after
local journalism, while attempting to deal review are encouraging, and we call training. It is also crucial that any tax
with the damage that online advertising on the government to implement breaks, or regulation on social media
drain is having in the market place,” said recommendations as quickly as practical. news controls do not bring into question
Paul Leighton, Chairman of the Institute’s Care should be taken to make sure that the independence of the industry, or free
Broadcasting Division. “It is essential any support offered to the industry does speech.”
Andy Smith
Editor Editor’s Comment
O
n January 31 this year, a court in legacy, and I think she’d be proud of what
Washington DC issued a judgment we achieved today.”
concerning the killing in Syria, The Syrian government is not, of course,
seven years ago, of award-winning Sunday alone in deliberately targeting journalists
Times journalist Marie Colvin. This in order to intimidate news-gatherers and
resulted from a civil lawsuit brought by to suppress criticism and dissent. Directing
Colvin’s family. The court declared Bashar military and paramilitary attacks against
al-Assad’s regime liable for Colvin’s members of the press is one method, often
death and ordered the Syrians to pay under cover of conflict, as in Colvin’s
$300m (£228m) in punitive damages. It case. But other regimes across the Middle
concluded that Colvin had been targeted East routinely arrest, torture and execute
Assistant Editor: Stuart Millson
by the regime specifically because of her Western journalists on trumped-up charges.
Production Editor: Dominic Cooper profession, “for the purpose of silencing Some readers of this Journal may recall the
those reporting on the growing opposition name of Farzad Bazoft, an Iranian-born
movement in the country.” The judgment British journalist, and a member of our
In this issue: made clear that “the murder of journalists Institute of Journalists, who worked as a
acting in their professional capacity could freelance reporter for The Observer. While
From the President’s Desk 3 have a chilling effect on reporting such reporting from Iraq in 1989, investigating a
Breakthrough on FOI rights 4-5 events worldwide.” mysterious explosion at a weapons factory,
Colvin, together with Rémi Ochlik, a he was arrested by the Iraqi authorities
Democracy at risk in 2019 6 French photojournalist, had been killed and held prisoner at Abu Ghraib, where
in February 2012 in a rocket attack on the he was repeatedly beaten by the guards.
Why we need France! 7
media centre in the rebel-held Syrian city There followed a secret trial in which he
Journalism training courses 8-9 of Homs. Having crossed into Syria on the was accused of spying for Israel. Observer
back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian editor Donald Trelford said at the time:
Sizeism and the media 10
government’s attempts to prevent foreign “Farzad Bazoft is not a spy. He is a reporter
Copyright infringement 11 journalists from entering the country to who went to do a story. He said in advance
cover the civil war, Colvin stationed herself the story he was going to do. He told the
ALCS reaches 100,000 members 11
in the western Baba Amr district of the city Baghdad government where he wanted to
Award for crime writer 13 of Homs, and made her last broadcast on go. This is not the action of a spy, this is the
the evening of February 21, appearing on action of a reporter.”
China through the looking glass 14
the BBC, Channel 4, CNN and ITN News Bazoft was convicted of spying and was
Is grammar out of fashion? 15 via satellite phone, describing in detail the sentenced to death. Despite international
shelling and sniper attacks against civilians appeals for clemency, he was refused
Charles Curry MBE - A tribute 16
by Syrian forces. She said the bombardment permission to appeal his conviction.
of Homs was the worst conflict she had Farzad Bazoft was executed on March 15,
The views contained in The Journal are those of the ever experienced. 1990. In 2003, The Observer tracked down
Editor and contributors and do not necessarily reflect the An American citizen but based in Kadem Askar, the colonel in the Iraqi
views or policy of the Chartered Institute of Journalists. London, Marie Colvin had worked for the intelligence service who conducted the
All rights reserved. © CIoJ 2019 Sunday Times since 1985, and had reported initial interrogation of Bazoft. He admitted
from numerous conflict zones around the he knew Bazoft was innocent but claimed
world including Chechnya, Kosovo, Sierra he was powerless to obstruct Saddam
TheJournal
Leone, Zimbabwe and Libya. She lost the Hussein’s orders to have him convicted and
sight in her left eye due to a blast by a Sri executed. Saddam’s ordering of Bazoft’s
Lankan Army rocket-propelled grenade execution is confirmed in transcripts of
(RPG) while crossing from a Tamil Tigers- taped meetings seized during the US
controlled area to a government-controlled invasion of Iraq.
ISSN 1361-7656 area, and after that she always wore an We should remember Marie Colvin, CIoJ
eyepatch. In East Timor, she was credited member Farzad Bazoft and all the other
with saving the lives of 1,500 women and journalists who have been murdered over
News or views intended for publication
children from a compound besieged by the years by despotic regimes such as
should be sent to:
Indonesian-backed forces. Refusing to Syria’s Bashar al-Assad and Iraq’s Saddam
The Chartered Institute of Journalists abandon them, she stayed with a United Hussein. They were honourable members
2 Dock Offices, Surrey Quays Road, Nations force, continuing to report for the of our profession and they died trying
London SE16 2XU Sunday Times. The besieged families were to bring us the news. We honour their
E-mail: memberservices@cioj.org evacuated after four days. sacrifice.
Tel: +44 (0)20 7252 1187 Speaking to the media after the Andy Smith
Washington court ruling, Colvin’s sister
Web: www.cioj.org
Cathleen said: “My heart goes out to the
Twitter: @CIoJournalist families of the many thousands of victims
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ of the Syrian conflict. It is my greatest
pages/Chartered-Institute-of- hope that the court’s ruling will lead to
Journalists/108017897514 other criminal prosecutions and serve as a
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/ deterrent against future attacks on the press
groups/Chartered-Institute- and on civilians. Marie dedicated her life to
Journalists-63500 fighting for justice on behalf of the victims
of war and ensuring that their stories were
Marie Colvin – deliberately targeted by the Assad
heard. This case is an extension of her regime in Syria in 2012.
Printed by Cool grey display & print Ltd
Tel: +44 (0) 1444 474646
2
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
From the President’s Desk
Hacks versus ‘hobbyists’
I
must admit I was rather taken aback It is possible to find a magazine about
by the Editor’s column in the last issue anything you are interested in, and to learn
of The Journal. If I had known such a great deal about your chosen subject,
snobbery existed in the Institute during the whether it’s science, sewing, sailing or
1980s, I might never have joined! anything and everything in between.
It was Bill Tadd who introduced me to And these magazines still sell, unlike the
the Institute. President in the early ’80s, I glossies and the women’s weeklies which
had known Bill from when we were both are in sad and possibly terminal decline,
writing for Choice Magazine, a specialist due to lack of investment and publishing
publication for the over 50s, which could corporations who believe they can keep
itself perhaps have qualified as a ‘hobbyist’ recycling content.
publication.
I became a member in defiance of the Typing pools – I don’t ever want to hear that magazine
political pushiness of the NUJ which I had They force creative people like journalists journalists aren’t the equal of their
joined of necessity when first going into to work in what amounts to ‘typing pools’ newspaper opposites. Some years ago,
magazines in the 1960s, at a time when where they have no loyalty to, or much I wrote and taught a pioneering post-
anything print-related was a closed shop. knowledge of, the title they are writing graduate programme for the NCTJ and
You joined NATSOPA and then switched for, and editors are expected to edit up to the PTC (Periodical Training Council) that
to the NUJ when you became a writer. All four rival weekly titles at once. How can encompassed the learning of many more
a bit ‘Catch 22’, as you weren’t allowed such cost-cutting practices ever result in skills than newspaper courses offered.
to be a journalist without becoming a a product with a ‘heart’ that people will It included law, news writing, sub-editing
member of the NUJ, but you had to work actually want to buy? and shorthand, of course, but also feature
as a writer before being allowed to join, so As a well-known editor once said to me, writing, photography and magazine design
timing was crucial, but the transition was “Magazines are special, like a wonderful and layout, because magazine journalists
possible. And, at the time, the Institute had box of chocolates, a real treat; you can’t need that vital extra sense of the visual
a specialist Magazine Division. read an iPad in the bath.” Many of my to ensure the words and pictures work
Today, I would say to those who in the beloved magazines are now but a shadow together on the page. They are also of course
1980s were snobbish deriders of ‘hobbyists’ of their former selves, I still believe they expert at predicting the ‘zeitgeist’, the next
that it is the specialist magazines that are will rise again but, in any case, the B2B big thing – which I sincerely hope I am
actually continuing to be profitable in these (Business-to-Business) and specialist titles accurately foretelling here for the Magazine
difficult publishing times. Magazines work will inevitably continue to flourish. Industry and all those who work in it.
because they target their audiences so Now that I am President of the Chartered Janice Shillum Bhend
precisely. Institute of Journalists – and proud of it
Officers of the Institute:
Janice Shillum Bhend,
Success for reporter scheme
President
Michael Hardware,
T he BBC and regional publishers have
hailed the success of their Local
Democracy Reporter scheme a year on from
The journalists are funded by the BBC as
part of its latest Charter commitment but are
employed by regional news organisations.
Honorary Treasurer
its launch. At present 144 Local Democracy Reporters
Tim Crook, Under the £8m a year scheme, the BBC have been allocated to 59 news organisations
Vice-President pays for reporters employed by local in England, Scotland and Wales, and the
publishers to cover the work of local initiative will be extended to Northern
Mark Croucher, councils and other public bodies. In its first Ireland shortly.
Immediate Past President year, the initiative has produced 54,000
Tim Crook, public interest stories which were used on Public service
Chairman, PPB the BBC and across a range of local media These organisations range from a radio
news outlets. The stories include: station to online media companies and
Institute officers are ex-officio members
• A £24m health centre in Trafford, established regional newspaper groups.
of Council
Manchester that will never be Local Democracy Reporters cover top-tier
used and will cost £7m to turn into local authorities and other public service
Your Council members are: offices. organisations.
Norman Bartlett, Ken Brookes, • A council in Leicestershire that To be awarded the Local Democracy
Vivienne DuBourdieu, Michael had to hand back £900,000 paid to Reporter contracts, the successful news
Evans, Andy Smith them by housing developers as the organisations had to pass stringent criteria
money had gone unspent for too which included financial standing and a
Your PPB members are:
long. strong track record of relevant journalism
Tim Crook, Chairman
Norman Bartlett, Adela Earlington, • A series of “near misses” from in the area they were applying to cover.
Andrew Kelly, Paul Leighton, Stuart falling building materials at schools Stories written by the democracy reporters
Littleford, Alistair Riddell, Prof. in Edinburgh – including three at a are shared with more than 800 media
Kemal Yildirim school where a pupil was killed by organisations that have signed up to be part
a collapsing wall. of the Local News Partnerships scheme.
3
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
Breakthrough on journalism FOI rights
at Strasbourg
T
owards the end of 2016 the
European Court of Human Rights
at Grand Chamber level made a
ruling on Freedom of Information which
should liberate the role of journalists and
researchers investigating the past.
The case was called Magyar Helsinki
Bizottság v. Hungary. A human rights NGO
was seeking important state information in
the public interest. The Court decided that
not only were they fully entitled to it, but
for the first time in Strasbourg legal history
European Court of Human Rights. (Image: Council of Europe Credits)
the most senior human rights court asserted
that it is a standing right under Article 10
freedom of expression. Exemption academic researchers are not in a position
This is a game-changer in Freedom of The UK Supreme Court in 2014 sustained to risk having to pay all the legal costs of
Information law. It should change the the absolute exemption but suggested government lawyers by going to the High
situation for investigative journalists that he and the newspaper could make Court for judicial review and losing.
and historical researchers in Britain. The a Common Law request to the Charity I have been finding obfuscation, blocking
United Kingdom Government had been Commissioners and if turned down again and delay with every twist and turn of the
an intervener and actually opposed the pursue a judicial review remedy. They did several journalistic and research FOI cases
application to establish this standing right that and got most of the documents they I am currently running as part of the CIoJ
even though it had nothing to do with the wanted but did not go to judicial review for campaign.
case in Hungary. All of its arguments were the documents still withheld.
defeated and rejected. They hoped they were going to win at the Espionage
It should have opened the door for European Court of Human rights on the The 2016 Grand Chamber European
journalists and academic researchers Article 10 issue, but in December last year Court of Human Rights ruling would have
fighting so hard to find out the hidden their case was ruled inadmissible. They been the trump card to support my FOI
secrets in the story of the United Kingdom. had not exhausted all the domestic legal battle with the Foreign Office and MI6 to
Sadly, although it is now 16 months later, remedies open to them. release files on Alexander ‘Alec’ Wilson,
the Chartered Institute of Journalists’ the espionage novelist and bigamist at the
campaign for justice in FOI continues to be This unfortunate strategy has left so many centre of the BBC television drama series
frustrated. journalists and researchers well and truly Mrs Wilson.
Why? FOI campaigners and mainstream beached when trying to overcome absolute My 2018 book The Secret Lives of a
news organisations had been putting “neither confirm nor deny” exemptions Secret Agent explores the battle to access
all their bets on a European Court of in the FOI Act; particularly in relation to information on Wilson. After getting
Human Rights case fought for by Times information held by security bodies. blocked at Information Tribunal First tier
investigative editor Dominic Kennedy. All that public bodies categorised as level, I have been asking my local MP James
He had been seeking to challenge a block security bodies, or other government Cartlidge to put in formal requests to the
by absolute exemption in the FOI Act of departments dealing with security body Foreign Office and Home Office. There
2000 on documents held by the Charity information, have to do now is tell FOI have been two unsuccessful FCO reviews.
Commission in relation to their enquiry applicants, judicially review us if you are The Home Office encouraged me to ask
into a fund to provide medical help to Iraqi not happy with our decision. Of course, the Security Service to release Alexander
children. freelance journalists, small publishers and Wilson information for historical purposes.
This I have done and who knows what will
happen in the future. I have three other
security body absolute exemption cases
currently going through the FOI system.
The Information tribunal system has
‘stayed’ my appeal for access to Special
Branch files on Goldsmiths College staff and
students prior to 1989 pending a decision
in a wholly unrelated FOI exemption case
concerning Kingston council.
Justice denied
The Information Commissioner’s Office
The Secret turned down my appeal for Security Service
Lives of a Secret files on Goldsmiths staff and students
Agent: Second prior to 1989 on the basis the Home Office
Edition by Tim does not have them and did not have
Crook. (Image: responsibility for the Security Service
Kultura Press)
before it was established as a statutory body
4
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
answerable to Parliament in 1989. Justice
delayed, of course, is justice denied.
An absolute exemption on accessing state
information is a direct contradiction of any
legislation that calls itself “Freedom of
Information”. The Institute campaign on
this issue has always been clear and correct.
Article 10 freedom of expression gives
professional journalists and researchers a
standing right to state information.
The question of whether it should be
released must be properly adjudicated in
a public interest balancing exercise in the
courts. That remedy as a right of access
should, according to the UN Human Rights
Committee, be “easy, prompt, effective and
practical”.
We wait patiently for the day the UK
judiciary are prepared to do their duty
according to law and recognise this. Ruth Wilson and Iain Glen starring in Mrs Wilson, based on Tim Crook’s research. (Image: BBC Media Centre)
Tim Crook
INSTITUTE NEWS Radio cuts condemned
Search for new office under way T he Chartered Institute of Journalists
has condemned a decision by the
UK’s largest commercial radio company
T he Council of the Chartered Institute
of Journalists has set up a small sub-
committee to begin the search for our new
would depend on the property, and any
investment would be based on no more
than an equal share investment.
to cut dozens of local radio morning
programmes. The Institute warns that
the resulting loss of jobs and local and
head office. Viewings have already taken place in St regional identity in radio programming
The criteria for the search has been set; the Albans, Bishop Stortford and Highams is as damaging as local and regional
property should be freehold and have good Park, East London. Each property had its newspaper closures.
transport links. Other desirable aspects own relative merits, however, it was felt that Global Radio plans to replace
would be the potential for development, each was not quite right for the Institute’s more than 40 local breakfast shows
in terms of the creation of extra space that need and no final decision has been made. with three nationally produced
might be sub-let to bring an extra revenue The committee has considered a number and presented programmes on the
stream. of other elements that may impact both Capital, Smooth and Heart networks.
Towards the end of last year, the trustees the search and the purchase of a new Paul Leighton, chairman of the
and committee of the Orphan Fund agreed, property, such as Brexit and the effect of Institute’s broadcasting division,
in principle, to a joint investment in the any downturn would have on the property blames the rationalisation on Ofcom
new property with the Institute. This market. which last year gave the green light
for local programming cuts during
Update on charity merger daytime scheduling from seven hours
to only three hours. It also ended
W heels have been set in motion to merge
the Institute’s Benevolent, Orphan and
Pension charities into one entity, following
process for trustees and separation of the
functions of the managing committee and
the trustees. Both of these measures are
the requirement for local stations
to produce their own breakfast
programme. “Ofcom’s hands-off
the agreement of members at the Institute’s considered best practice by the Charity and deregulatory policy might be
AGM last year. Commission. good for Global Radio’s profits,”
The merged fund would have the same In the current set up there is no end-of-term says Leighton, “but it’s not good for
remit as the existing, separate, funds so date for trustees, which effectively means broadcast journalism and the role of
members can be assured that the same level that, once elected, trustees stay in office in radio in local democracy.”
of support will be available to them, and perpetuity. In the new fund, trustees would The Institute is unhappy that Ofcom
their dependants, should the need arise. serve a three-year term and then come up no longer places an obligation on
The benefits of the merged fund will be for re-election. The Institute would remain local commercial radio to operate
efficiencies of administration, and a simpler a permanent trustee in its corporate capacity. properly-staffed newsrooms in the
application process for members who need At a meeting earlier this year, Council towns, cities and communities of
support. Instead of potentially completing agreed that the first trustees would be their broadcasting catchment areas.
three separate forms when help is needed, selected from the existing trustees of the “The local breakfast programme is the
one form will cover the whole process. current funds. Those trustees have agreed to peak-time of radio listening and for
Under the proposed new arrangement, serve on the new fund and members will get that to become some kind of Trojan
Trustees will have greater flexibility to meet the chance to elect three at the AGM. horse so that Global can compete
the needs of beneficiaries. All the documents relating to the new with BBC national radio networks is
One issue which concerns the Charities ‘Welfare Fund’ are being finalised and will a very disappointing development,”
Commission is that of governance. The be sent to the Charity Commission in the Leighton explains. “Slashing local
merger will allow the newly formed coming weeks. If the Commission gives the content utterly betrays the prime
‘Welfare Fund’ to incorporate some vital best green light to the merger then it is hoped motive behind Parliament’s original
practice amendments into its constitution. that the newly-formed fund will be in place vote to approve the creation of
Two aspects of this will be a rolling election by the end of the year. independent local radio.”
5
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
Democracy at risk in 2019
T
he Council of Europe has published the past year. Turkey, which remains the Institute (of which the Chartered Institute
its annual report on media freedom, world’s biggest jailer of journalists, and of Journalists was a co-founder), Reporters
Democracy at Risk: Threats and Russia, where state actions and policies Without Borders, Index on Censorship and
Attacks against Media Freedom in Europe, continue to severely restrict the space for the Rory Peck Trust.
revealing that press freedom is now at its free expression, are major causes of concern To download a copy of the report, go to:
most fragile since the Cold War. for the Council of Europe. www.coe.int/en/web/media-freedom
According to the report, “Journalists
increasingly face obstruction, hostility and Oligarchs This year marks the 70th
violence as they investigate and report on However, the countries which have seen anniversary of the Council of
behalf of the public. Urgent actions backed the sharpest increase in the number of media Europe. Based in Strasbourg,
by a determined show of political will by alerts are Italy and Hungary. In the latter,
the organisation was formed in
Council of Europe member states are now there is a very high concentration of media
1949 “to uphold human rights,
required to improve the dire conditions in the hands of pro-government oligarchs.
democracy and the rule of law
for media freedom and to provide reliable But the report also assesses disturbing new
in Europe”. It currently has 47
protections for journalists in law and trends, including impunity for journalists’
practice.” murders, attacks on freelance journalists,
member states, including the
The report provides a clear but worrying and efforts to undermine the independence United Kingdom and all the
picture of the worsening environment for of public service media, including in nations of the European Union. It
journalism across Europe, including no countries once considered safe harbours for is often confused with the EU but
fewer than 140 serious violations of press such media. is a distinct organisation. Unlike
freedom in 32 Council of Europe member The Council of Europe is calling on the EU, the Council of Europe
states during 2018. “Legal protections have member states to urgently take “all cannot make binding laws, but it
been progressively weakened and denied”, measures necessary to create a favourable does have the power to enforce
says the report. “The space for the press environment for free and independent international agreements reached
to hold government authorities and the media and to end the many acts of violence, by European states on various
powerful to account has been diminished.” harassment and intimidation which topics. The best known body of the
In addition to providing an overview of the journalists face as a daily reality in some Council of Europe is the European
urgent threats to media freedom identified member states.” Court of Human Rights, which
in 2018, the report takes an in-depth look The report has been produced by the enforces the European Convention
at particular issues or country contexts Council of Europe in partnership with on Human Rights. Further
that individual partner organisations have 12 international media organisations information: www.coe.int
identified as especially salient during including the International News Safety
Women freelancers triumph
T he Rory Peck Awards celebrate the
work of freelancers in news and current
affairs across the world. Among the 2018
their violent ideology. Judges said:
“The filmmakers put themselves in an
extraordinary situation which challenged
they can stay safe and continue to report in
an increasingly hostile world.”
The Rory Peck Awards are dedicated to
award-winners were American freelancer both the subject and them. They got under the work of freelancers working behind
Roopa Gogineni and Norwegian-British the skin of these characters in a way that no- the camera in news and current affairs
filmmaker Deeyah Khan, while the Martin one else has.” worldwide. Established in 1995 in memory
Adler Prize was given posthumously to The Martin Adler Prize was awarded of freelance cameraman Rory Peck who was
Maltese investigative journalist Daphne posthumously to Daphne Caruana Galizia, killed in Moscow in 1993, the awards have
Caruana Galizia. a freelance investigative journalist who, become a prestigious event in the news and
The award for news features went to at just 53 years old, was killed by a car media calendar, attracting entries from many
Roopa Gogineni for “The Rebel Puppeteers bomb near her home in Malta in 2017. of the world’s most talented journalists,
of Sudan”, her unique film about the This special prize was created to honour a videojournalists and filmmakers. Website:
creator of a satirical puppet show sharing local freelancer who has made a significant www.rorypeckawards.org
news of the ongoing conflict in Sudan’s contribution to newsgathering, either
Nuba Mountains. Broadcast by The New through a single story or body of work,
York Times, Roopa’s film was praised by but who is largely unrecognised by the
judges as “a wonderfully original piece … international news media. Daphne is the
She allowed the story to be told through first posthumous recipient of the Prize,
the protagonists. It takes a really great which was collected by her son Matthew.
journalist to be able to pull that off.” Clothilde Redfern, director of the Rory
The award for current affairs was won Peck Trust, said, “As our 2018 winners
by Deeyah Khan and Darin Prindle for and finalists have shown, freelancers play
“White Right: Meeting the Enemy” (Fuuse a crucial role in global news gathering,
Films for ITV Exposure). Their film sees accessing stories that can’t be reached and
Muslim filmmaker Deeyah sit face-to-face informing our lives through their powerful,
with neo-nazis, racists and proponents eye-witness journalism. The Rory Peck
of the American ‘alt-right’ to get behind Trust exists to support freelancers so that
6
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
Time to rein in online campaigns, says ERS
T
he Electoral Reform Society has necessitate a comprehensive review of separate reporting for social media
welcomed the report of Parliament’s campaign law. spend, and digital reporting of spend/
Digital, Culture, Media & Sport “Online political campaigning has the donations.
Committee inquiry into “fake news and potential to increase citizens’ participation 3. The creation of a single online database
disinformation” but has warned that unless in our political processes, but our rules and of political adverts, which would be
the report is followed up by urgent action laws need to be sufficiently robust to protect publicly available and easily searchable,
“the integrity of our political system” is our democracy from the threats it also would similarly increase transparency
itself in jeopardy. poses. This issue goes beyond Facebook and allow voters to identify who has
ERS director of policy and research Dr and Twitter. Rather than waiting for tech produced a piece of content.
Jess Garland described the findings of the giants to self-regulate, Ministers must take 4. Giving the regulators greater
Parliamentary report as “a wake-up call responsibility and act on the clear warnings. enforcement powers, strengthening
for the government to update Britain’s If they don’t, there is a real risk that future the fines or sanctions so they can act
broken campaign rules,” adding that “the elections could be undermined by foreign as a meaningful deterrent against
challenges facing our democracy are bigger interference and dodgy donations. The time wrongdoing. The ICO’s powers were
than Brexit or one election: this is about the to act is now.” increased considerably in the past year,
integrity of our political system.” The ERS report ‘Reining in the Wild West’ showing what can be achieved if there
She said: “The DCMS report echoes many had brought together regulators, academics is political will.
of the calls we made in our report ‘Reining and campaigners for the first time to 5. Parties and the government must
in the Wild West: Campaign rules for the demand comprehensive campaign reform properly engage in efforts to establish
21st Century’, including giving regulators and included six key recommendations: a statutory code of practice for political
greater enforcement powers and increasing 1. In the short term, extending the imprint parties and campaigners without delay.
transparency online. Since the DCMS requirement – where materials must 6. It is time for a comprehensive review
committee’s interim report last year, the show who produced them and on and overhaul of our electoral law,
government has responded with only a whose behalf they had been produced which needs to be updated and future-
limited consultation on imprints. While – to online political advertising. proofed for the digital age.
political ad transparency must be enshrined 2. Improving how campaigners report For further information, go to: www.
in law, these issues cut much deeper and funding and spending, including electoral-reform.org.uk
Why we need France!
M ONOCLE climbs mountains, boards
naval ships, and spends time in
workshops, ateliers and bakeries to remind
new. Why the French turn on
their leaders.
• How to seize an opportunity:
readers why France is one of the world’s the Franco-Syrian refugee on
most visited countries, an economic the scaffolding company that
powerhouse and, possibly, the last hope for made his construction company
global liberalism. Just published, the France a household name.
Special of the global affairs and lifestyle
magazine shines a light on the economic, • Why the Americans are eyeing
cultural, sporting, culinary, and design up Lyon for the future of TV.
contributions of Brand France, giving • Interview: Franco-Moroccan
airtime to those who keep the country author Leila Slimani on
ticking over, despite the turbulent politics freedom, middle-class violence
of the day. and her new role promoting
Tyler Brûlé, MONOCLE’s Editor in Chief Francophone affairs.
and Chairman, said: “We decided to press • Macron & Trump: America’s
play on the France Special while wandering on-off love affair
along the aisles of the Yvon Lambert
bookshop in Paris, in late autumn, just after • Paris versus London. Is Brexit more than 84,000 copies of each issue.
the gilets jaunes had been out in full force. Britain on a losing streak? Tyler Brûlé is widely considered to be one
We didn’t want to ignore what ’s going on – • Media’s new fixers and thinkers of the most influential media innovators
but shine a line on what is working so well of his generation. He is the youngest-ever
in France, and why the rest of the world • Talking about a revolution? recipient of the British Society of Magazine
needs this unique European soft power.” On 200+ pages, the global Editors Lifetime Achievement Award
affairs and lifestyle magazine
Highlights from the France Special and has been named Ad Age’s editor of
celebrates the nation as a last
include: the year, an unprecedented award for an
hope for global liberalism
• Why the Navy still suits the international editor. Brûlé moved from
French – MONOCLE visits Launched in 2007, MONOCLE is a Canada to the UK to pursue his career,
Toulon, the first port of call to premium media brand offering high-quality working as a reporter for the BBC before
see the nation’s fleet mustering journalism across its magazine, web and turning his hand to print journalism,
for a world-leading military broadcast divisions. Led by editor in chief writing for publications including The
role. Tyler Brûlé, it is a leading edit on global Independent, The Sunday Times and Vanity
affairs, business, culture and design, selling Fair. He launched MONOCLE in 2007.
• The gilets jaune are nothing
7
The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
Where to train in present-day
journalism
By Professor Tim Crook
Vice-President, CIoJ
P
art One: The Centre for Journalism in
Chatham at the University of Kent.
Many of our members are entitled
to ask if we would have any reason to
encourage our children to enter journalism
today. And, if we did, how should they be
educated, trained and made ready for a
tough economic and to some extent hostile
political environment?
The Cairncross Review reported an
industry in significant decline. Since 2007
Kent University’s Centre for Journalism offering undergraduate and postgraduate teaching in
it is estimated that the number of frontline
journalism since 2007. (Image: Kent University)
journalists employed by professional news
publishers in the UK has fallen from 23,000
to 17,000. resolutely banish from their heads all The Guardian, Sky News and ITV News.
Provision of public interest news at the nonsense about becoming celebrated.” The undergraduate degree is accredited
local and regional level is most threatened: Humility, education without end, by the National Council for the Training of
“Collapsing revenue hasn’t just led to cut- studying Queen Anne every day and Journalists (NCTJ) and consistently rated as
backs; it has cut a swathe through the local perhaps going on to study Arthur Reade’s among the best for students passing their
press […] falling revenues have helped to book on tea-drinking hardly constitutes an exams. In the Complete University Guide
drive 321 closures in the local press over the assured programme of journalism training. for 2018, the Centre was ranked as first for
last ten years.” In chapter 22, on the perils of journalism, graduate employability.
If we go back to 1885, it was possible to aspirant journalists are warned: “The Professor Luckhurst emphasises the
find advice on this question from Literary possession of a robust body is one of the diversity of his students and their ability to
Success: A Guide to Practical Journalism by essential conditions of success in journalism achieve notable success. Lydia Hamilton,
A. Arthur Reade, also author of Study and […] for a reporter needs the strength of a who graduated in 2015, is the youngest
Stimulants and Tea and Tea-Drinking. horse and the endurance of a camel in order editor in ITV News. Jasmin Sahota, who
In his first chapter, Reade asked the to discharge his duties satisfactorily.” graduated in 2016, is social media editor
editors. Mr Wemyss Reid, editor of the The Centre for Journalism at the University of the Financial Times. Kishan Koria, who
Leeds Mercury, said: “As for education, the of Kent began in 2007, when the profession graduated from their MA in Multimedia
more of it the better.” He added, “A reporter of journalism seemed to be in a better place. Journalism in 2017, is Robert Peston’s
should be well read in contemporary It may not be the case that its students need producer at ITN.
history and English Literature.” the strength of a horse and the endurance
of a camel, but those who sign up for its Advantages
Eccentric degrees receive an intensely vocational and The students at the centre have
The advice offered by other editors was professional programme of education. considerable advantages in accessing the
rather more eccentric – even for those close tie-up in professional placements with
days. W.H Mudford, editor of the London Unfashionable the Kent Messenger Group. Paid internships
Evening Standard, seemed to think that any The centre is based in Kent University’s are also provided with the KMTV television
aspiring journalist should devote at least a Medway campus, formerly the barracks news service which is based at the centre.
couple of hours each day to goinstudying of Chatham dockyard, hardly one of This provides a powerful and successful
the leading writers on the reign of Queen the most glamorous higher educational symbiotic partnership between a university
Anne (1702-07). environments. But journalists are expected and professional regional broadcast
Charles T. Condon, a successful journalist to work and thrive in towns, cities and journalism.
of New York City advised: “My advice to areas of the country that are not dreaming The underlining philosophy of the
my young friends intending journalism is to spires and fashionable centres of style and centre’s teaching is that the best way for
razzmatazz. people to learn journalism is “to go out
The Director of the Centre is former and be a journalist […] Talk to real people
editor of The Scotsman, Scotland’s national about real stories. And publish them in
quality newspaper, and a former output real newspapers, magazines, television and
editor of BBC Radio 4’s Today Programme, radio programmes and websites.”
Professor Tim Luckhurst. In the 12 years he The centre is also trying to bridge the
has been director he has guided generations practice of professional journalism with
of students into employment at all levels of academic research. A recent grant of
the industry. £25,000 from Wireless Group/News UK
Destinations include: Archant and funded the project: “Assessing the delivery
Newsquest newspapers, BBC News, CNN, of BBC Radio Five Live’s public service
Daily Mail, The Financial Times, Ghana commitments.” This received widespread
Broadcasting Corporation, Mail Online, coverage and debate in the trade and
8The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
KMTV News
studio operation
with students from
the Centre for
Journalism. (Image: KMTV control room.
KMTV) (Image: KMTV)
national media and was submitted to
Ofcom. The Centre’s support from
Professor Luckhurst says: “We are industry in the form of
operating in a very tough competitive bursaries and scholarships
environment. The world’s need for diligent, all helps. So does the fact
accurate, factual reporting has never that Sky News now employs
been more urgent. But, at the same time, ten journalists educated at
journalists have rarely been more obviously the centre and also sponsors an annual Bob This is the first in a series of articles by
threatened and persecuted.” Friend Memorial Lecture. Tim Crook on journalism training.
More information for students can be found on the Institute’s website - www.cioj.org
REVIEW
Talking Pictures TV
T he journalist breed – by its very nature
– is customarily glued to its news and
current affairs channels and programmes:
your modern screen suddenly becomes an
old-fashioned cinema... Quintessentially
1950s jaunty announcement music
before ending up for the grand finale to
your evening with The Admirable Crichton
… or more of Kenneth More in Genevieve.
the hard glare of the studio lights on plays, and archive scenes are played of So many names from the past flick before
Cabinet members and their Shadows; the picturegoers of the era excitedly taking your eyes on Talking Pictures: John Gregson
latest parliamentary vote (following the their places in seats and queues – and even in Gideon’s Way, with guest appearances
previous week’s parliamentary vote) on buying ice-creams. The message – “Now by Anton Rodgers; Jack Warner and John
the EU Withdrawal deal; the whole ebb, showing” – appears, and you settle down Slater in the old pre-Eastenders East
flow – and even, momentum – of politics. for your favourite old film or programme, End; or the young Joan Collins, ice-cold
But occasionally, the scribes and not to mention the item that brings back a Sylvia Syms and Deborah Kerr – radiant
sentinels of the CIoJ may wish to escape flood of memories from long ago. and unchanging in The Life and Death
the portcullis, and head to that part of the Does anyone remember the Thames of Colonel Blimp. Then there is Michael
TV ether known as Talking Pictures – the Television ‘ident’ of the 1970s, or the Gough, a fine character actor – he played
freeview channel (yes, fellow journalist newscaster, Gordon Honeycombe? Or (among many other roles) the modern
– free!) which specialises in quality what about Leo McKern as the Fleet Street artist in the Hammer classic, Dr. Terror’s
entertainment from the 1930s, ’40s, ’50s veteran in The Day the Earth Caught Fire, House of Horrors, who gets his revenge on
and ’60s – not forgetting a golden era of perspiring even more in his Daily Express art critic Christopher Lee? Gough appeared
British TV, the 1970s. The 1980s is also office as the planet slowly changes course again recently in an Edgar Wallace Mystery
occasionally represented – does anyone toward the sun (the fiery solar giant ball, Theatre play, as an MP who enjoyed the
remember the excellent series Hannay in rather than the paper) following a 1960s’ good life but made many speeches about
which Robert Powell’s character pits his atomic test? Africa and equality, before falling prey to
wits against the fiendish Prussian spy (you a blackmail plot. Entitled Game for Three
know the actor – the chap who went on to Grand finale Losers (1965), the hour-long story was
be a snarling presence in Albert Square, And then you find – again from the hugely compelling. In fact, I was sorry
although without the Prussian accent). I treasure-chest of the 1960s – The Edgar when Game for Three Losers ended. But it
digress... Wallace Mystery Theatre, or Thirty Minute did remind me that my duty as a journalist
Talking Pictures TV presents itself in the Theatre, or Michael Caine and Omar Sharif finally called: I had to get back to the BBC
manner of a cinema screening. When you in a plague-devastated Europe of the Parliament channel, for the latest from the
take your place in your favourite armchair, Thirty Years’ War (The Last Valley, 1971), House of Commons.
Stuart Millson
9The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
A BIG ISSUE
I’m against sizeism — are you?
A
recent email to the Institute We featured no lecturing, no blame, no illustrations from talented artists. We
containing a report from the diets and plenty of role models and positive had a section for young women called ‘&
World Obesity Federation caught images to empower women and as it turned Alternatively’ showing edgy fashion never
my attention because it highlights size out men too, to counteract prejudice and before seen on girls larger than a size six or
prejudice, specifically in the media — be comfortable in their own skins. One of eight.
something I have spoken and campaigned our strap lines was “Style is an attitude, We took risks and challenged perceptions
about many times during my career as a not a size.” We encouraged our readers to — we were probably way too far ahead of
magazine journalist. stop putting their lives on hold until that the times. Some PRs were shocked, it takes
To explain, I wrote a column about fashion mythical time in the future when they may a while for the professional fashion eye
for larger women every week for some 26 or may not have lost weight and start living to re-adjust to larger bodies in front of a
years for Woman’s Weekly magazine and in the here and now. camera after years of seeing androgynous,
from that grew my own national, glossy We did some ground-breaking fashion almost anorexic models. The fashion
magazine, which I published and edited shoots, showing for instance, large women company Red Or Dead refused to lend
between 1993 and 1998. I called it YES! in swimsuits, shot under water in Egypt by a shoes for our shoots, cosmetic and fashion
because that is the most positive word in young photographer who is now extremely accessory companies declined to advertise
the English language. successful and featured some challenging because our well-endowed readers did not
present the right image for their precious
products. Even Dawn French’s clothes
Here is an excerpt from the World Obesity Federation report: company 1647 insisted on picture approval
Obesity is a global issue. Since 1975, it has stigmatise weight, raise awareness through before publication.
nearly tripled worldwide, with more than social media, or choose positive unbiased
650 million people now living with obesity. images from our extensive online image Dark corners
No country is currently on track to meet the bankwww.imagebank.worldobesity.org After all large women aren’t really
target to halt the rise in obesity in all ages It is our hope that this report provides the interested in fashion, make-up, handbags,
and this is in large part due to its complexity evidence to inspire people to act and speak jewellery and the like, are they? They prefer
and many interlinking causes, from genetics out against weight stigma in the media, to sit in dark corners wearing wrinkled
to dysfunctional food systems, to social while encouraging writers, journalists, dressing gowns and eating doughnuts. That
deprivation. editors to create accurate and fair reports of is the image the mainstream press liked
Here at the World Obesity Federation obesity. The signal of success will be when to promote then (I had some huge spats
we are starting our weight stigma journey, weight bias is no longer seen as an acceptable in print with A.A. Gill, for instance, who,
encouraging people all over the world to form of discrimination and society can get on though a terrific writer, was always very
take steps to end weight stigma, and there with the job of working together to tackle the scathing about big women) and it depresses
are many ways to help us. People and fundamental causes of obesity. me that 20 years on from the demise of YES!
institutions can get involved by speaking up Johanna Ralston after unfair competition forced us to close
and calling out individuals and groups that Chief Executive of the World Obesity Federation (long story) that attitude is still so prevalent
IMAGES that the World Obesity Federation feels it is
✓ Media should use positive images which accurately support their stories without necessary to put out a request to journalists
exacerbating misconceptions about people with obesity to be mindful of the images and language
✓ Pictures of people with obesity should include their whole body, rather than specific they use when writing about size issues.
body parts with the head removed I have always believed that sizeism is the
✓ Images that perpetuate stereotypes, such as people with obesity being sedentary, last great permissible prejudice because
looking sad or isolated from other people, should be avoided if we are large it is seen as our own fault.
✓ Picture agencies and other suppliers of images should review the images they We are obviously lazy, greedy, stupid and
provide on obesity to ensure they do not exacerbate weight stigma probably poor and could easily lose weight
✓ Editors can download and use images fromwww.imagebank.worldobesity.org by exercising and using some self-control
These have been carefully selected to avoid reinforcing negative stereotypes about obesity. — if only it was that simple.
LANGUAGE Psychological disorders, diseases and
✓ Use people first language life experiences all factor in to this highly
✓ Review style guides and adopt positive language about obesity and people with complex issue, for instance, many YES!
obesity readers, we discovered, had been abused as
✓ Avoid the use of language that is derogatory or pejorative children or young women — their bodies
✓ Use plain language to illustrate that obesity is a health condition putting on weight as a kind of protective
✓ Ensure reporting addresses the wider causes of obesity where relevant to the story
self-defence. But the biggest contributing
and avoid the use of language that implies individual blame
factor of all are the genes we inherit and
TAKE ACTION the effect they have on the way our bodies
We all have a role to play to end weight stigma. Please take action: process the food we eat.
✓ Highlight good and bad practice in the media when you see examples of
The World Obesity Federation report
stigmatising language or images using the hashtag #endweightstigma or message
acknowledges all of this and repeats many
us @endweightstigma
✓ You can use a template letter provided by World Obesity at www.imagebank.
of the things we were saying through the
worldobesity.org pages of YES! all those years ago. Those
✓ Ensure images used in presentations and reports are not stigmatising. Visit www. headless bodies with wobbly abdomens
imagebank.worldobesity.org for a selection of free to download images available for that feature in most TV news stories about
use. obesity, the depressed, lonely large figure
More information about how to help combat weight stigma can be found on the World Obesity
Continued on page 11
website www.worldobesity.org and Image Bank website www.imagebank.worldobesity.org
10The Journal - Spring 2019 edition
Exhaustion of
Continued from page 10
eating unsuitable food while slumped
on a sofa, the incendiary words about
rights in ebooks
obesity plagues and impending
health crises used in newspapers, all
contribute towards ostracising large
people from mainstream society in a
vicious, self-perpetuating circle.
A
Being overweight/fat/obese whatever
horrible word is currently in use, is a fter reading that not-very-sexy legislation, nor did it draw attention to the
social disability that limits people’s heading, you’re probably already ‘making available’ right.
lives, they suffer from an illness just as lost. But stay with me for a while, Nonetheless, the case has been sitting
surely as those with anorexia or bulimia especially if you have ever written a book, around at the CJEU for about a year and
yet receive little help, many insults or even considered writing one. That no definitive decision has yet been handed
and much prejudice. Until we begin general ignorance applied to many astute down, so all this is mere interpretation. In
to value people, especially women, for members of the British Copyright Council. the meantime, ‘legal opinions’ proliferate.
who they are and what they can do, In fact it warranted a special presentation at I have no time or space to mention here
rather than how they look, nothing will the March meeting of the full BCC. the perhaps more astonishing US case of
ever change. There’s a big difference between a hard the 12,000 and counting (as yet anonymous)
But journalists and picture editors copy of a book and its intangible or virtual US public libraries who, encouraged and
can do something to help kill off this electronic equivalent. Buy a book and you abetted by Amazon, are making thousands
last unjust and thoughtless prejudice have something solid in your hands. You’ve of e-books available free of charge to
by ensuring the words and images paid a publisher, wholesaler or retailer for anyone, which they say is legal providing
they use when reporting on size issues it, and part of that payment goes to the each library buys a few licences and does
are sympathetic and accentuate the author, illustrator or designer in recognition not ‘sub-licence’ more than that number of
positive instead of re-enforcing the of their creativity and copyright. That copy licences at any one time. They claim that
negative. After all, no-one would think is yours to read, display, lend or use as a this is analogous to the long-established
of denigrating disabled or transgender door-stopper, as you wish. Crucially, if distribution of printed books, but every
people these days. someone else wants a copy of that book and purchaser (or ‘sub-licensor’) of a digital
I feel sure that members of the can’t or won’t deprive you of yours, they ebook receives a brand-new, perfect copy,
Chartered Institute of Journalists will need to buy another copy. whilst the print version wears out and, by
understand how important this issue What you can’t do with the book you convention, is generally replaced after 30 or
is. I have just one other thought to bought is to make a digital or printed copy 40 loans.
offer, the word obesity itself is ugly and then sell, loan or hire out that copy. But why is all this happening? My theory,
and loaded with negative connotations, That infringes not only copyright but also unsupported by any other BCC member,
perhaps the Federation might even a complementary but less often mentioned is that someone has spotted a gap in the
consider a new name to reflect their right, the ‘making available’ right. This is market, to be used in making them the next
entirely justifiable concerns… especially applicable to copies accessed by billionaire or adding more billions to the
Janice Shillum Bhend download, like ebooks, where every copy is megazillions of an existing worldbeater.
absolutely identical with the master. According to my idea, the cases I’ve
These statements seem pretty obvious mentioned above are mere distractions
and uncontroversial to me and to virtually from the coming book-based equivalent of
SOCIAL MEDIA every expert in copyright and related rights. Spotify and the like, whereby you borrow
However, none of this prevented case a digital copy of virtually any book in
Follow us, and re-post C-263/18 of the District Court of the Hague existence (in or out of print or copyright)
our messages on social (the Tom Kabinet case) being referred to free of charge for as long as you like, but
the European Union’s Court of Justice. receive with it a targeted and ever-changing
media. The Institute has The claim being tested is whether a digital array of personalised advertising. If you
a Facebook, Twitter and copy is a (tangible) ‘object’ and whether decide to go into this yourself, just send
LinkedIn presence which first sale of that object exhausts the right my one per cent of turnover to the new
to control resale of the object. Regrettably, company I’m setting up in the Cayman
will keep you up-to-date the reference apparently did not mention Islands.
with our news. that digital copies are specifically excluded Ken Brookes
from the ‘object’ definition in all relevant CIoJ Copyright Representative
ALCS reaches 100,000-member milestone
B y the end of 2018, membership of the
Artists’ Licensing & Collecting Society
(ALCS) had passed the 100,000 mark. ALCS
highly efficient organisation working hard
for writers, passionate about protecting
and promoting their rights, ALCS has
all kinds of writers in over 100 countries.
In the last five years, the organisation’s
membership base has increased by 28%
now represents more than 100,000 authors grown enormously from its beginnings – from 78,000 to 100,000 members. In this
from all creative backgrounds including as a tiny operation set up in 1977 by the time ASLCS has paid out over £145 million
writers of books, magazine articles, radio Writers Action Group, an initially small to its members in the cause of paying
scripts and audiovisual scripts. band of writers – including ALCS’s writers the royalties they are owed for their
The objective of reaching 100,000 Honorary President, Maureen Duffy – who work. Many members of the Chartered
members was set out in the Society’s volunteered their time to campaign for Institute of Journalists are also members
three-year strategic plan for 2016-19, authors’ rights. of ALCS – if you have not joined, please
and was therefore achieved ahead of Since its formation four decades ago, go to www.alcs.co.uk to sign up. Lifetime
the target deadline. A professional and ALCS has paid out around £500 million to membership costs just £36.
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