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October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10
www.awwmag.com
Saudi Arabia’s Water Sector Sees New
Demands, Developments & Opportunities
14
Grey Water Treatment:
Remedy against Water Shortage
in Qatar?
21 Water Testing & Analysis
Equipment: Stand the Test of Time
46 Iraq: Mosul Dam Breach a
Disaster in Waiting
Arab Water World October 2016
Serving the Water, Wastewater, Desalination & Energy Sectors in MENA - Since 1977 www.awwmag.com
October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10
Introduction DEPARTMENTS
Issue Content & CPH Team..............................01 Corporate Happenings...................................57
Opening Letter & HCC....................................02 Industry Literature...........................................61
MENA Water Digest.......................................04 Products & Services.......................................64
Projects & Developments...............................68
10
Water TREATMENT
Filtration
Using Deep Bed Anthracite to Provide Production Events
Efficiency in Gravity Filtration Systems..............07 Events Preview..............................................76
Events Review................................................80
Wastewater Treatment
Grey Water Treatment SERVICES
Grey Water Treatment:
Coming Events..............................................82
16
Remedy against Water Shortage in Qatar?.......14
Buyers’ Guide................................................83
DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY
Electrodialysis Reversal
Operating Flexibility & Economics INFO
Re-shape Electrodialysis Reversal...................18 Advertisers’ Index..........................................84
General Information........................................85
Closing Letter.................................................86
FEATURE
Sampling & Analyzing Equipment
18
Water Testing & Analysis Equipment:
Stand the Test of Time.....................................21 CPH Team
Email domain is @cphworldmedia.com)(
INDUSTRY SPOTLIGHTS Founders
• Mr. Fathi Chatila • Mrs. Mona Chatila (1944 - 2006)
Irrigation Technology
Smart Irrigation Market Worth Management
USD1,504.6 Million by 2022............................26 • President & Publisher Fathi Chatila / f.chatila@
• General Manager Mohamad Rabih Chatila /
Oily Water Separators mr.chatila@
24
Enhance the Efficiency of Oil/Water Separators • Administrative Manager Abdul Rahman Hallak /
with Oil Skimmers...........................................30 ar.hallak@
• Administrative Officer Ali Zaraket / a.zaraket@
Submersible Pumps
Submersible Pump Market Growth: Content & Research
In Sync with Rising • Editor-in-Chief Fathi Chatila / f.chatila@
Urbanization & Industrialization......................34
• Content Editor & Researcher Dana Hani /
d.hani@
• Fatima Saab / f.saab@
COUNTRY / REGIONAL REPORTS
Circulation & Marketing
29
Germany
Germany: Struggling to Become a • Circulation & Marketing Manager
Jad L. Aboulhosn / j.aboulhosn@
Water Powerhouse.........................................39
Information Technology
Iraq
• IT Operation & Support Officers
Iraq: Mosul Dam Breach a • Mazen Bou Diab / m.boudiab@ • Mostafa Mohtadi
Disaster in Waiting...........................................46 / m.mohtadi@
Saudi Arabia Accounting & Finance
Saudi Arabia’s Water Sector Sees New • Accountant Hala Nizam / h.nizam@
Demands, Developments & Opportunities.......48 Mail & Services
40 Scandinavia • Mail & Service Manager Abdul Rahman Hallak /
ar.hallak@
Bottled Water vs. Tap Water:
• Mail & Service Officer Ali Zaraket / a.zaraket@
Remains under Debate...................................53
Published by CPH World Media s.a.r.l. - Beirut, Lebanon Helping Advance MENA & Beyond! Since 1977
لبنان، بريوت- .م.م.ميديا ش تصدر عن يس يب أتش ورلد 1977 نساعد بتطوير الرشق األوسط وشامل أفريقيا وأبعد! منذ www.cphworldmedia.com
02 Opening Letter الرسالة اإلفتتاحية
جدَّ ة و الرياض تقودان
Jeddah & Riyadh Lead in
Reusing Wastewater
مجال إعادة إستخدام
مياه رصف الصحي
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region’s wastewater and reuse تفيض سوق مياه،)Bluefield Research( "وف ًقا لتقرير صادر عن رشكة "بلوفيلد لألبحاث
market is scaling with companies positioning to capitalize on more than الرصف الصحي وإعادة استخدام املياه يف دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي بالرشكات التي
USD40 billion of government investment slated for new treatment and مليار دوالر أمرييك من اإلستثامرات الحكومية املخصصة٤٠ تستعد لإلستفادة من أكرث من
collection systems, according to Bluefield Research. Oman, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi (UAE) have set targets that will increase
اململكة العربية، قطر، ووضعت كل من عامن.لنظم املعالجة الجديدة ونظم التجميع
reuse capacity by 91 percent to 8.8 million m3/d. As a matter of fact, وأبو ظبي (اإلمارات العربية املتحدة) أهدا ًفا من شأنها أن تزيد قدرة إعادة،السعودية
Jeddah and Riyadh lead the region in water quality for its efforts in ووفقاً ملؤرش. مليون مرت مكعب يف اليوم٨٫٨ أي، يف املئة٩١ استخدام املياه بنسبة تصل إىل
reusing wastewater, according to Arcadis' Sustainable Cities Water تقود جدة والرياض املنطقة،)Arcadis( "مياه املدن املستدامة الصادر عن رشكة "أركاديس
Index. The index, conducted by Arcadis in partnership with the Centre ويكشف.يف مجال نوعية املياه وذلك لبذلهام جهودًا يف إعادة إستخدام مياه الرصف الصحي
for Economics and Business Research (CEBR), explores water
sustainability of 50 cities across the world based on its robust (resiliency),
،مؤرش البحث الذي أجرته رشكة "أركاديس" بالرشاكة مع مركز البحوث االقتصادية واالعامل
effective (efficiency) and healthy (quality) water environment. ) مدينة يف جميع أنحاء العامل نسبة لقوة (مرونة) وفاعلية (الكفاءة٥٠ استدامة املياه يف
The report finds that cities in Saudi Arabia need greater investment when it
.وصحة (نوعية) البيئة املائية
comes to their ability to withstand storm water and drinking water shortages,
ويشري التقرير إىل َّأن املدن يف اململكة العربية السعودية بحاجة إىل إستثامر أكرب عندما يتعلق
with climate adaptation and resiliency being the most pressing issue for city
leaders. Sameer Daoud, Global Business leader - Water at Arcadis Middle إذ تعدُّ قضية التكيف مع تغري.األمر بقدرتها عىل تحمل نقص مياه األمطار ومياه الرشب
East, commented: "Water demand is rising, aquifers are being depleted وقال (سمري.املناخ والقدرة عىل مواجهته من القضايا األكرث إلحاحاً بالنسبة لقادة املدينة
and the threat of extreme weather is increasingly real, meaning that cities َّ : الرائد العاملي يف مجال األعامل للمياه يف رشكة "أركاديس" الرشق األوسط،)داوود
"أن ارتفاع
in the region can be stressed without enough water." Looking forward, كل ذلك، وتزايد تهديد الطقس املتطرف للمنطقة، ونضوب املياه الجوفية،الطلب عىل املياه
Saudi Arabia is aggressively targeting 100 percent reclamation (reuse) of
wastewater from cities with 5,000 inhabitants or greater by 2025, according
ووفقاً لجامعة امللك عبد الله."يؤدي إىل احتامل أن تضغط مسألة قلة املياه مدن املنطقة
to King Abdullah University for Science & Technology (KAUST).
ً
يف املئة من مياه الرصف١٠٠ مستقبل إىل إعادة إستخدام تهدف السعودية،للعلوم والتقنية
.٢٠٢٥ نسمة أو أكرث بحلول عام٥٠٠٠ الصحي يف املدن التي تضم
The October 2016 issue of Arab Water World (AWW) magazine covers
a number of interesting projects and topics. On page 07, the article sheds من مجلة عامل املياه العريب مواضيع مختلفة ومثرية2016 أكتوبر/ ُيغطي عدد ترشين األول
light on the process of using deep bed anthracite to provide production
efficiency in gravity filtration systems. The article on page 14 tackles Qatar’s
الضوء عىل عملية استخدام طبقات الفحم الصلب العميقة07 ف ُيس ّلط مقال الصفحة.لالهتامم
grey water treatment market. Moreover, the article on page 18 highlights إىل سوق14 ويتطرق مقال الصفحة.لتأمني فعالية نظم الرتشيح التي تعمل بفعل الجاذبية
how electrodialysis technology is making its mark in the industrial water فري ّكز عىل كيفية محاولة تقنية18 أ َّما مقال الصفحة.معالجة املياه متوسطة التلوث يف قطر
recovery market. Furthermore, the article on page 26 focuses on the بينام يركز مقال الصفحة،الفصل الغشايئ الكهربايئ ترك بصمتها يف انتعاش سوق قطاع املياه
global water testing and analysis market, which is set to reach USD4.87 مليار دوالر أمرييك4.87 ومن املقدر أن تبلغ، عىل سوق اختبار املياه العاملية وتحليلها26
billion by 2020. This issue is also abounded with a number of technical
articles, country reports as well as news about latest innovations and كام يزخر هذا العدد مبقاالت تقنية وتقارير حول البلدان باإلضافة إىل آخر.2020 بحلول العام
market trends. Your comments and remarks are appreciated; so do not فال ترتدّدوا، آراءكم وتعليقاتكم ته ّمنا.األخبار حول أحدث ابتكارات سوق اإلنشاءات واتجاهاتها
hesitate to contact us through our email content@cphworldmedia.com content@cphworldmedia.com بالتواصل معنا عرب الربيد اإللكرتوين
Fathi Chatila فتحي شاتيال
Editor-in-Chief رئيس التحرير
Honorary Content Consultants (HCC)
• Dr. Bakenaz A. Zeydan - Head of Water Engineering Department, • Dr. Walid Saleh - Int’l Network on water, Environmental & Health
Tanta University, Egypt (INWEH), The United Nations University, Jordan
• Dr. Eng. Darwish Ibrahim Yousef - Prof. of Yousef Office for • Dr. Yousef Al. Rumikhani - Assistant Professor - King Abdul Aziz City
Science & Engineering, Syria for Science & Technology (KACST), Saudi Arabia
• Dr. Jalal Halwani - The Lebanese University, Lebanon • Prof. Adel Sharif - University of Surrey, UK
• Eng. Mohamad Amin Saad - President Masar Technologies, USA • Dr. Ing. Aiman Eid Al-Rawajfeh - Tafila Technical University Dep.
Chemical Engineering - Jordan
• Dr. Mritunjay Chaubey - Pentair Water, India
• Dr. Sajid Mahmood (Azeemi) - Assistant Professor in Water Resources
• Euro Ing. Prof. Nidal Hilal - Director of The Centre for Clean Water
Management, COE in Water Resources Engineering, Lahore, Pakistan
Technologies, Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre,
School of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. • Dr. Adil AL Tamimi - Associate Professor of civil enginering and Director of
the institute of Materials Systems “IMS” School of Engineering,
• Dr. Riyad Abou Maizar - Associated Consultants Engineers (ACE), Bahrain
American University of Sharjah UAE
04 MENA Water Digest
Jordan (liquidity & credit growth) and capital
markets (debt & equity). Oil & gas, power
Solar energy has a significant role in not
only decarbonizing energy generation but
& water sector projects accounted for 74 also in catering for the rapidly increasing
percent of projects completed (by value) demand for new capacity to fuel
between 2012 and 2015. As far the new industrialization, economic development
National Water Strategy projects are concerned almost 50 percent and municipal serves improvement in
2016-2025 of the projects signed in 2015 belong to the Morocco but also to provide energy
oil and gas sector. The Kuwait Authority access to large parts of the underserved
According to the Ministry of Water and of Partnership Projects (KAPP), is continent of Africa, policy makers,
Irrigation, this strategy defines the steps expected to award PPP projects worth technology providers, investors, owners
to ensure a sustainable future for the USD6.6 billion in 2016 and as of Q1 2016, and operators need to work together to
water sector in Jordan; it uses the distinct there are 22 ongoing projects from real create the appropriate legal, infrastructural
opportunity to reinforce and strengthen estate and power and water sectors. The and regulatory environment to reduce risk
integrated water resources planning and Al Zour IWPP is the largest ongoing PPP and encourage investment with a long
management that is aligned with the SDGs, project in Kuwait. term mindset.”
revising the scope, context and relevance
of the strategy for the sustainable future
of water resource management in the
coming decades. The Strategy aims to
create new momentum for the sector to
be better prepared; do business differently
and more efficiently; add value to national
development in conjunction with other
national socioeconomic sustainability
initiatives; engage in institutional reform
for greater efficiency and effectiveness;
and improve inter-sectoral linkages to
generate greater synergy and impact on
the health and economic well-being of
all Jordanians. The strategy key areas: (i)
Integrated Water Resources Management;
(ii) water, sewage and sanitation services;
(iii) water for irrigation, energy and other
uses; (iv) institutional reform; and (v) sector
information management and monitoring.
Kuwait Morocco Oman
KAPP Expected to Award ACWA Power Confirms its Add Energy Wins
Projects Worth Billions Commitment to Morocco New Contract
Marmore MENA Intelligence, a As part of its investment in Morocco as Add Energy, the international energy
subsidiary of Kuwait Financial Centre a developer of solar power plants Noor consultancy provider, has been
(Markaz), recently released a research I, Noor II and Noor III, ACWA Power awarded a contract with a leading
report highlighting the projects landscape confirmed once more its commitment to upstream gas operator in Oman.
across sectors in Kuwait. As of Q1 2016, the Moroccan solar plan by supporting The contract has secured jobs at
there are 420 ongoing projects in Kuwait, the 2nd edition of Photovoltaica, the largest the company's Aberdeen office and
19 projects valued at USD112.2 billion international exhibition in Africa dedicated enabled sustainability of its Oman
placed on hold and another 20 projects to the development of solar energy. office and in country partnership. The
valued at USD22.1 billion shelved. Some Contributing to the energy revolution, scope of work will see Add Energy
of the key areas that were expected to Paddy Padmanathan, President & CEO provide the plant with equipment
be positively impacted are the banking of ACWA Power recognized that: “While specific maintenance strategies
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10
ّ
ملخص املياه يف الرشق األوسط وشامل أفريقيا 05
and procedures, which will enable our client in the coming months. This dams. Plans are under way to boost the
maintenance execution and planning to contract signifies that while cost cutting country’s rainwater resources and raise
be optimized. The project will be carried continues, operators still need to invest the number of dams nationwide from
out with an aim of reducing equipment in initiatives that are driven towards 34 to 44 by 2020. Among the latest
downtime, by mitigating failures due to efficiency and streamlining operations." projects to come on-line is that of Oued
Ettin in the northern province of Bizerte.
Estimated at USD28.8 million, the new
dam will serve to irrigate up to 700
hectares of agricultural land in Bizerte
and Manouba. Tunisia is also planning
to increase the number of hill dams from
230 to 275, that of catchment lakes from
894 to 950 and the number of wells from
5400 to 6000, all by 2020. Initiatives to
enhance irrigation techniques have also
been rolled out recently.
UAE
UAE Cities Lead the Way
on Sustainability Agenda
Dubai and Abu Dhabi have emerged as
the two most sustainable cities in the
Middle East region, according to the 2016
Sustainable Cities Index from Arcadis.
The overall index is informed through
an analysis of 32 different indicators
and is also broken down into three sub-
indices across each pillar. Dubai ranked
first out of the eight Middle East cities
covered in this year's report and 52nd
overall. The city scored exceptionally
well on the profit indicators finishing in
Tunisia fourth place globally, well ahead of other
major business hubs like New York, Paris
and Tokyo. It also performed well from
Fertile Ground a social perspective although fared less
well on the environmental side, finishing
Remains Strong 7th in the region and 96th globally. The
picture in Abu Dhabi was equally positive
In the face of climate change and with the city finishing second overall in
irregular rainfall, improving water access the region and 58th globally. It scores
is one of the main priorities for Tunisia’s very well on economic sustainability too
maintenance which is inadequate or agriculture sector, according to Oxford but faces similar challenges around its
without full coverage. Peter Adam, Add Business Group. The sector absorbs 76 environmental performance. Ben Khan,
Energy managing director, commented: percent of the country’s water resources, Client Development Director, Arcadis
"Having completed previous contracts which are estimated at 4.8 billion cubic Middle East said: "It's no surprise to see
in the region, the Middle East has meters a year. Surface water accounts Dubai and Abu Dhabi perform so well as
always been a focus for Add Energy and for 2.7 billion cubic meters a year, 87 both cities have well-planned strategies
we look forward to working closely with percent of which is secured through around how they want to develop.”
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريب
Water Treatment
Filtration
07 Using Deep Bed Anthracite to Provide Production
Efficiency in Gravity Filtration Systems
10 Point-of-Entry Water Treatment Systems Market Forecasts
10 Effluent Treatment System for R&R Ice Cream
11 Liqtech to Supply Filtration System for Chinese Bioethanol Plant
12 Luminor Presents Rack-Mounted UV/Filtration System
12 MEMBRANE Provides Complete Filtration Packages
Wastewater Treatment
Grey Water Treatment
14 Grey Water Treatment:
Remedy against Water Shortage in Qatar?
16 Black & Veatch Wins HKIA Expansion Project
16 An Innovative Solution to a Known Dilemma
Desalination Technology
Electrodialysis Reversal
18 Operating Flexibility & Economics
Re-shape Electrodialysis Reversal
الرتشيح
ُمعالجة املياه 07
Using Deep Bed Anthracite to Provide Production
Efficiency in Gravity Filtration Systems
O
perators of wastewater and water plants that require rehabilitation or expansion to either meet new, more stringent
regulations or to increase capacity often do not have the budget for large scale or otherwise expensive improvements.
In these cases a lower cost yet effective solution may be found in increasing filtration process efficiencies with deep
bed anthracite. Granular media filtration is a fundamental process polishing technology used to achieve acceptable water
quality. Anthracite is an accepted filter media for standard dual media applications for potable water (usually 18 inches (in) [450
millimeters (mm)] of 0.95-1.05 mm Effective Size [ES] over 12 in [300 mm] of 0.45-0.55 mm ES silica sand).
However, in recent studies designers Figure 1: Effect of media sizes on filter run length in the pilot study at Sioux Falls, SD
using anthracite depths up to 60 in
have successfully extended run time
and increased solids storage. Designers
have also used deep bed, large grain,
mono-media anthracite in low turbidity
scenarios where filters directly process
source water with minimal chemical
addition and flocculation before the
filters. Advances in underdrain backwash
systems have provided a low profile
media support with improved backwash
functionality resulting in better deep
bed anthracite cleaning. Most drinking
water Biologically Active Filters (BAF) are
engineered for the removal of a specific The collapse-pulse approach is used in material. The physical requirements of
constituent (such as nitrate, MIB and dual media and mono-media anthracite. anthracite are described in the AWWA
Geosmin, or specified micropollutants), The sub-fluidized wash approach is B100 Standard for Granular Filter Material.
or for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) normally used in deep bed media systems. These characteristics of anthracite
reduction. In contrast, chlorine was used Amirthirajah et al. (1990) has shown that a minimize the formation of particle “fines”
as a biological disinfectant to prevent backwash in the collapse-pulse process and media losses during backwash.
indigenous biology present in the source is the most efficient cleaning method Deep bed anthracite has also been used
water from flourishing in the media. for dual media and granular activated in filtration of wastewater effluent.
carbon. A collapse-pulse condition
Gravity media filtration results from a combination of air and Advantages of deep bed
backwash comparisons water with a particle size and density that
anthracite filtration
The effectiveness of a backwash allows the air to compress and expand Single media layers or dual media layers
operation is measured by the resulting as it passes through the bed. Achieving
with sand and anthracite are generally
cleanliness of the media and applied in drinking water treatment
the costs of power and water “The effectiveness of a to meet regulatory requirements
required for the operation. In for turbidity and particle removal.
gravity granular filters, there is a backwash operation is measured by Deep bed anthracite filtration has
point where either the flow cannot the resulting cleanliness of the media been shown to result in greater filter
be maintained due to headloss, run length than either scenario for
or solids are driven through the and the costs of power and water both drinking water and municipal
filter. To restore the driving force, required for the operation” wastewater applications, while
an upward flow of either water meeting regulatory requirements.
alone, or a combination of air and water, this collapse-pulse condition will result in U.S. Environmental Protection
is used to scour and fluidize the media the optimum filter media wash for dual Agency (E.P.A.) requires finished
to remove accumulated particles and media and for mono-media anthracite, water turbidity measuring less than 0.3
excessive biology. and should be considered in the design nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
of the backwash system. Southern Nevada Water System (SNWS)
Two backwash technologies using air has mandated the reduction of particles
scour combined with water wash are Backwashing anthracite in deep bed (> 2.5 micrometer (µm)) to less than 20#/
collapse-pulse and sub-fluidized wash. applications requires a high quality filter mL (Roefer et al. 1995).
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريب
08 Water Treatment Filtration
In Alberta, particles (> 2 µm) from Figure 3: Effect of media sizes on the removal of TSS in the pilot study at Sioux Falls, SD
individual filters should not exceed 50#/
mL (Suthaker et al. 2007). In municipal
wastewater treatment, media filters
are usually applied after secondary
biological treatment reducing total
suspended solids (TSS) to less than 5
milligram per liter (mg/L) for discharge
compliance or reuse. Similar to drinking
water cases, either a single layer of
media or dual media with sand and
anthracite are generally applied.
Example: Sioux Falls, SD Water
Reclamation Plant
A pilot study conducted at Sioux Falls greater solids capture capabilities of at less than 5 mg/L with effective media
Water Reclamation Plant, Sioux Falls, larger media sizes as compared to the sizes of 1.56 mm and 2.01 mm (Figure 3).
South Dakota used three effective sizes typical dual media configuration (usually This study suggests that by using coarse
of coarse anthracite media: 1.56 media deep bed anthracite, filter
mm, 2.01 mm, and 2.64 mm, “… using deep bed anthracite can throughput can be increased
with a media depth of 5 feet without the need to increase the
(Schmit et al. 2012). Results enable more flow with existing filter numbers of filters.
showed that filter run length was arrangements thereby obviating the
significantly greater than a dual Summary
media configuration of 18’ (450 need to add more filters” Through the years, various
mm) of 0.95-1.05 mm Effective types of media have been used
Size (ES) anthracite over 12” (300 mm) of 0.05 pound per square foot (lb/ft2) per including anthracite over sand to improve
0.45-0.55 mm ES silica sand. Improved foot of the headloss [Figures 1 and 2]). particulate removal and filter run times.
performance was also achieved by the Meanwhile, effluent TSS was maintained Research and full scale application of deep
bed anthracite with and without a sand
Figure 2: Effect of media sizes on the solids capture capability layer has shown that run times, loading
rates, and particulate removal can be
increased even further over conventional
dual and mono-media filter beds. Some
of the loading rate increases have been
up to 60 percent more than standard
configurations. This suggests that using
deep bed anthracite can enable more flow
with existing filter arrangements thereby
obviating the need to add more filters.
Tom Getting, PE, BCEE
Principal Engineer-Filtration
Leopold, a xylem brand
E-mail: Tom.Getting@Xyleminc.com
Web: www.xylem.com
وتحتاج هذه المحطات عادة إلى إعادة تأهيل.ال يمتلك القائمون على تشغيل محطات مياه الصرف الصحي والمياه ميزانية إلجراء تحسينات واسعة ومكلفة
يتوفر الحل في زيادة فعالية عملية الترشيح من خالل طبقات، وفي هذه الحاالت.أو توسيع إما للتقيد بالقواعد التنظيمية الجديدة والصارمة أو لزيادة قدرتها
يعتبر الفحم الصلب من. ويعدُّ مرشح الوسائط الحُ بَيبي من التكنولوجيا األساسية لعملية الصقل وتستخدم إلنتاج نوعية مقبولة من المياه.الفحم الصلب العميقة
ملم من الحجم الفعلي450 إنش أو18 مرشحات الوسائط التي تتماشى واستخدامات الوسائط المزدوجة النموذجية للحصول على مياه للشرب (وتكون بالعادة
نجح المصممون الذين يستخدمون الفحم، وفي الدراسات الحديثة.) ملم0.55-0.45 ملم) من الحجم الفعلي لرمل السيليكا300( من12 ملم على1.05 -0.95
ووسائط، وحبوب كبيرة الحجم، واستخدم المصممون أيضً ا طبقات عميقة. في تمديد وقت التشغيل وزيادة تخزين المواد الصلبة60 الصلب على أعماق تصل إلى
الفحم الصلب األحادية في سيناريوهات التكدر المنخفض حيث تعالج المرشحات مصادرالمياه مباشرة من خالل إضافة كمية بسيطة من المواد الكيميائية ومزجها
. ويتم قياس فعالية عملية المُ ستخلص الراجع من خالل النظافة الناتجة عن الوسائط وتكاليف الكهرباء والمياه الالزمة للعملية.أمام المرشحات
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10الرتشيح
ُمعالجة املياه 09
ترشين األول (أكتوبر) / 201٦مج ّلد - 3٩عدد ١٠ عامل املياه العريب10 Water Treatment Filtration
Point-of-Entry Water Treatment Systems
Market Forecasts
A new report by Allied Market Research
titled, "World Point-of-Entry Water
Treatment Systems Market" projects that
the world point-of-entry water treatment
systems market is likely to generate
revenue of USD6.6 billion by 2022, from contaminated water is growing and is expected to maintain its leading
growing at a CAGR of 8.9 percent from globally. These factors collectively drive the position on account of growing population
2016 to 2022. Asia-Pacific is expected to point-of-entry water treatment systems and urbanization. However, the industrial
maintain its leading position through 2022 market. However, the high equipment and sector is anticipated to grow at the
owing to technological developments operation cost restricts demand of these highest CAGR, on account of stringent
and rising awareness, backed by the systems, thereby hampering the market regulations regarding water quality for
increasing disposable income. Water growth. Water softeners lead the market industries such as food & beverage and
softening technology is anticipated to on account of the widespread usage pharmaceutical. Asia-Pacific currently
maintain its dominance throughout the primarily among the residential customers. occupies the majority of market share.
analysis period, followed by filtration Water filtration is the next prominent Improving economic conditions in China
methods. The demand of clean drinking technology due to heavy demand from and India facilitate the growth in demand
water is on a continuous rise worldwide, the industrial sector. The food & beverage for water treatment systems in these
due to enormous growth in population. and semiconductor and electronics countries. The LAMEA region is expected
The changes in lifestyle in recent years industries constitute a sizable demand to grow with a notable CAGR during the
have resulted in increased consumption for water filters. In 2015, the residential forecast period, on account of improving
of clean potable water. In addition, sector occupied a major share of the lifestyle and increasing health awareness
awareness regarding health issues arising market among the application areas, among the populace.
Effluent Treatment System for R&R Ice Cream
R&R Ice Cream has completed a four capability at the site by more than 20 (UF) and double pass Reverse Osmosis
year, USD33 million investment program percent and meant that the capacity of (RO) separating technology. The 2.5
at its Leeming Bar factory in North Axium’s on-site effluent treatment plant fold expansion scope of supply also
Yorkshire which includes an on-site effluent had to be increased from 600,000 liters incorporated fully automated additional
treatment system, designed, built and to 1.5 million liters per day. The effluent processes designed, installed and
commissioned by filtration specialists, treatment plant was expanded with very commissioned by Axium Process to
Axium Process. The investment program little disruption to R&R’s daily production further enhance the quality and condition
helped R&R to increase its production and uses primarily both Ultrafiltration of the raw effluent entering the membrane
system; removable sump debris
catcher, aeration and mixing of large
effluent holding tanks, triplex liquid solid
separator pre-filtration, vertical shell
and tube pasteurizers system (powered
using excess heat from an onsite CHP
plant), temperature controlled air cooling
system and a pH adjustment tank were
all new additions to the plant and located
on the same size foot print as the old
plant. The superior quality conditioned
raw effluent is now passed through the
four UF skids, with the UF permeate
passed through a pair of double stage,
double pass RO’s to recycle 90 percent
of the effluent received to clean water for
The effluent treatment plant
reuse back in the factory.
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10الرتشيح
ُمعالجة املياه 11
Liqtech to Supply Filtration System for Chinese
Bioethanol Plant
LiqTech International, Inc. is pleased
to announce that the Company has
entered into a Letter of Intent (LOI)
to supply a USD1.8 million filtration
system for a 100,000 tons per year
bioethanol plant to be located in
Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. The Letter
of intent is subject to execution of
definitive documents and financing of treatment systems in China to date. We CEO, remarked, “We are very pleased
the project from a Chinese Investment are excited to work with Heilongjiang to place this order with LiqTech. We
bank. The filtration system is based on ZhongDan JianJe BioEnergy Co. have searched the market for a filtration
the Company´s ceramic membranes Ltd. in developing this project. There technology suitable for our water, which
and its newly developed Reverse is a great demand for water treatment contains high amounts of particles. The
Osmosis systems. Sune Mathiesen, systems in China and we are currently bioethanol plant is scheduled to be in
LiqTech CEO, remarked, “We recently working on several other opportunities operation in 2017 and when completed
announced a Letter of Intent to establish for drinking water treatment, heavy metal it will be the largest bioethanol
a diesel particulate joint venture factory removal and industrial applications. production facility in the world. We have
in China. We have invested significant We are encouraged by this recent been very impressed with LiqTech´s
resources in China over the past 12 development and we will continue engineering team, commercial staff and
months and we are very pleased to be our efforts for further progress in management and we are working closely
able to announce this Letter of Intent for China.” Torben A. Bonde, Heilongjiang with them in the development of this and
what will be our largest order for water ZhongDan JianJe BioEnergy Co. Ltd. future projects.”
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريب12 Water Treatment Filtration
Luminor Presents Rack-Mounted
UV/Filtration System
Luminor Environmental’s new Rack
Mount System combines utility with
reliability. Pairing Luminor’s state of
the art UV system with a single or
double filter housing makes installs a
breeze. Simply plumb in both an inlet
and outlet, insert the lamp and quartz
sleeve, plug in the system and enjoy
safe, better tasting drinking water.
Luminor’s UV systems come in a range
of sizes and are suited for numerous
applications backed with an industry
The rack-mounted system
leading warranty, certifications, and
support team. In addition, Luminor
can offer customers the ability to seconds. The company’s proprietary taste, sediment and odor. All systems
custom program each controller with lamp base ensures clients receive the come with an easy drain port and the
their company branding and contact lucrative replacement lamp sale. The ability to add a sensor even after the
information generating repeat sales rack mount systems come in sizes 8 install of an unmonitored system. The
and customer loyalty. Programming to 15gpm and are perfect for most Rack Mount system truly embodies
can be done in the field or at the residential applications and still offers Luminor’s mission to provide a high
shop by simply plugging in a dealer all the features and functionality of the quality user friendly product customers
programing module and waiting 30 standard systems while addressing won’t soon forget.
MEMBRANE Provides Complete
Filtration Packages
MEMBRANE is a worldwide specialist in Industries served range from oil & gas, to pressure filters or cartridge filters for several
designing, manufacturing, commissioning pharmaceutical, power, electronic, and types of applications ranging from particle
high-end fluid treatment packages. military. MEMBRANE’s vision is creating separation to RO pretreatment. Small
The company operates offshore and value and delivering benefits to customers medium, and large flow rates are routinely
onshore with its own qualified engineers. as the primary way to help them focus managed. Several types of media (for
All design and manufacturing is proudly on their goals. MEMBRANE Filtration dual- and multi-media filters) are available
Made in Italy, at the Milano’s headquarter. Packages are ASME VIII (upon request) to choose among, as well as hundreds of
different cartridges and materials for the
cartridge filtration. Cartridges can even
be disposable, reusable, backwashable,
or self-cleaning. The complete chemical
dosing package necessary to the
process is optionally supplied with the
filters. The complete skid, painted to
any kind of environment specifications
include valves, piping, pumps, blowers,
and come pretested at the company’s
factory. The whole process is PLC
controlled, with an exclusive software.
Flow rates ranging from 10 m3/h to 2000
m3/h are achieved. The fine filtration units
are designed according to ASME, ANSI,
MEMBRANE Sand Filters
UNI standards whichever applicable.
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10الرتشيح
ُمعالجة املياه 13
ترشين األول (أكتوبر) / 201٦مج ّلد - 3٩عدد ١٠ عامل املياه العريب14 WasteWater Treatment Grey Water Treatment
Grey Water Treatment:
Remedy against Water Shortage in Qatar?
Q
atar, along its rapid development as part of 2030 Vision, faces a fundamental problem of scarce water resources.
Groundwater supplies are limited and overexploited. Booming civilization, new roads being built across the country,
50 new hotels just in 2 years, more than 15 newly emerging shopping malls and thousands of labor workers arriving
every month – this has all led to the country having the highest water consumption per capita in the world: >500 L/day/person,
according to the Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI). To meet local demands, the State of Qatar is
99 percent dependent on desalinated seawater, an energy intensive and expensive source. Since neither groundwater sup-
plies, nor a few days of rain per year are even close to bringing any reserves, the Public Works Authority ‘Ashgal’ has been
actively promoting alternative sources of water supply. The direction is toward helping the booming civilization to become
self-sufficient in some aspects. Let’s find out how and who will benefit the most.
Is ecology just for the rich? rising commodity prices, being a result of five years, these figures are expected to
In 2008, a Four Star Hotel in Bad increased maintenance costs of sewers double their capacity thanks to further
Windsheim, Germany, connected all 20 and treatment plants in a shrinking society. new developments: a sewage treatment
rooms to a grey water cycle. The low plant in Al Thakhira, an expansion of a
polluted resource from wash basins and Reality in Qatar plant in the Industrial Area and a project
showers was collected separately and Qatar is facing quite adverse conditions in southern Doha. Along with that,
treated to obtain a hygienic supply for toilet than the case study from Germany. With ‘Ashgal’ does not allow the society to stay
flushing. The plan for the future was to re- substantial water shortage in the period passive observing the aggressive vision
use the so-called white water (high quality of rapid development, the cost of buying of the Gulf’s development. Apart from
service water) for the first stages relying strictly on governmental
of washing in dish washers “A recently opened Doha North institutions to provide substantial
and washing machines as well.
Bearing in mind the scale of just
Sewage Treatment Plant is targeted to water supply, why not share the
responsibility and leave some of
20 rooms, the investment into a serve a population of 900,000 citizens” it for developers who also benefit
new alternative sanitation system from Qatar’s rapid growth?
could seem a lavish choice. Climate desalinated water is not the only concern.
change causing water shortages, rapid A recently opened Doha North Sewage New source of water supply
urbanization or population growth could Treatment Plant is targeted to serve a With depleting groundwater reserves, costly
be explicable reasons, yet still convincing population of 900,000 citizens, treating desalination and scarce rainwater, The Gulf
just for the forward thinking ones. In 245,000m³ of wastewater on a daily countries are left to look for alternative
Germany, back in 2008 the reason was basis. According to ‘Ashgal’, over the next sources of water supply. Parallel to sewage
treatment done by public authorities, there
is another resource which can be efficiently
used to its full potential – grey water. It is
generated in households or office buildings –
in water basins, lavatory flush and showers,
excluding toilet (black water) and kitchen
(contains biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD) matter, fat and grease). Once treated
from solids, hair, organic contaminants,
oils, bacteria like e-coli and measurable
levels of BOD and COD (chemical oxygen
demand), it can be reused for flushing
toilets or irrigation. This results in a 30
percent reduction to potable water use for
the development. A drawback to grey water
treatment is definitely the need to collect it
in a separate drainage pipework. Basins,
showers and baths are the primary input
for pipework installation. Nevertheless, the
same network could also collect grey water
Grey water recycling system proposal by Watermaster's supplier, Aquaco Water Recycling UK
from washing machines, laundries, kitchen
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10معالجة املياه الرمادية
ُمعالجة مياه الرصف 15
sinks, dishwashers and AC installation. The ©
Aquaco Water Recycling UK
top goal is to separate black water from
entering the grey water system. In order to
start the treatment process of grey water
and make it economically profitable, the
quantity collected has to be sufficient and,
most importantly, regular like in housing
developments. The amount of grey water
collected should be observed. If stored for
more than 24 hours, it starts to create bad
odors. Therefore, it is worthy to plan the
amount of grey water which can be re-used
indoors for human use, as well as outside
Visualization of a packaged grey water system suited for residential buildings
for irrigation. Another condition before
starting to plan the investment is an effective
treatment system plant. It is absolutely consists of a Collection Tank which transfers
untreated grey water to the MBR chamber
necessary as using contaminated grey grey water immediately to the Aeration Tank
which is aerated by a diffuser attached to
water can be hazardous to health, even for for agitation and to keep the wastewater
the bottom of the membrane housing. Air
irrigation. Limitations are substantial in all from getting septic. Aerated grey water is
is continuously supplied, going through
cases, notwithstanding the water quality for dosed with coagulants for efficient settling
self-cleaning membranes of a pore size
toilet flushing. Modern treatment systems of particles. A built-in dosing system caters
of 0.2 microns. This helps to remove any
are able to satisfy these parameters. for required capacity of dosing pump and
trapped particles or a build-up of bio-mass.
tank. Excess grey water (if any) overflows
Treated grey water is supplied through the
Packaged grey water to the sewage system. It is transferred
membranes to a clearwater tank with a
treatment system into the filtration tank for membrane filter
suction pump. When the clearwater tank
Watermaster, experts in water related and filtrate box treatment. Treated grey
reaches an adequate volume, a float switch
solutions for over 35 years in the Middle East water is collected and transferred to the
activates an effluent pump which directs
and Africa (MEA) region, suggest a treated grey water to a concrete
Packaged Grey Water Treatment “Grey water treatment is a novatory treated grey water storage tank.
System (GTS). Completely safe, Grey water treatment is a novatory
equipped with Bio-Membrane filter, approach to water reuse in the regions approach to water reuse in the
it ensures complete separation where water is a scarce commodity” regions where water is a scarce
of the biomass from treated grey commodity. Modern treatment
water, freeing it from solids and bacteria concrete storage tank via a twin pump unit, systems are an investment, however, they
or germs with a blocking rate of 98-99 one duty and one standby. The treatment bring substantial savings in the long run
percent. The recycling process also entails system is connected to a main control and are sustainable, helping to preserve
biological treatment whilst the ultrafiltration unit, completely programmed and pre- national and environmental resources for
is performed by Membrane Bio-Reactor assembled. Grey water is then directed future generations.
(MBR). To begin, due to water quality to an inlet tank, which has an overflow to
concerns from bacterial growth, collection a sump pit and sewer network, to cater Souheil Nasrallah
systems are designed and constructed for high-flow periods during the day. The Deputy General Manager
Watermaster
in such a way so grey water reaches the GTS system activates a pump within the E-mail: snasrallah@watermasterqatar.com
treatment process as soon as possible. GTS inlet tank on-demand. It transfers the Web: www.watermaster.me
إنَّ إمدادات المياه الجوفية محدودة.2030 تواجه قطر مشكلة أساسية في شح مصادر المياه في ظلِّ التطور السريع الذي تخبره في إطار رؤية قطر الوطنية
فندق جديد50 وبناء، وتعبيد طرق جديدة في جميع أنحاء البالد، أدَّى اإلنفتاح الحضاري، ووفقًا لمعهد قطر لبحوث البيئة والطاقة.وتتعرَّض لالستغالل المفرط
جميعها عوامل أدَّت إلى تسجيل البالد أعلى، ووفود اآلالف من العمال كل شهر إلى البالد، مركز جديد للتسوق15 باإلضافة إلى إنشاء أكثر من،في سنتين فقط
، في المئة على تحلية مياه البحر لتلبية الطلب المحلي99 تعتمد دولة قطر بنسبة. ليتر في اليوم للشخص الواحد500 :معدل استهالك للمياه للفرد في العالم
تعمل، وال بضعة أيام من األمطار سنويًا أن تؤمِّن إحطياطً ا للمياه، وبما أنّه ال يمكن إلمدادات المياه الجوفية.ولكنَّه يُعتبر مصدرًا كثيف االستهالك للطاقة ومكلفًا
. وتتجه نحو مساعدة االزدهار الحضاري على االكتفاء الذاتي في بعض الجوانب.هيئة األشغال العامة "أشغال" على تعزيز أنشطة المصادر البديلة إلمدادات المياه
. متر مكعب من مياه الصرف الصحي يوميًا245.000 وتعالج، مواطن900.000 فقد تمَّ مؤخرًا افتتاح محطة معالجة الصرف الصحي في شمال الدوحة لخدمة
إنشاء محطة لمعالجة مياه:ووفقًا لـ "أشغال" من المتوقَّع أن تتضاعف هذه األرقام في السنوات الخمس المقبلة بفضل إجراء المزيد من التطورات الجديدة مثل
. وووضع مشروع في جنوب الدوحة، وتوسيع محطَّ ة في المنطقة الصناعية،الصرف الصحي في مدينة الذخيرة
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريب16 WasteWater Treatment Grey Water Treatment
Black & Veatch Wins HKIA Expansion Project
Black & Veatch has won a water
management role in the expansion
of Hong Kong International Airport
(HKIA) that incorporates business
sustainability best practices. The
Black & Veatch team will design
the hydraulic and water treatment
systems for the new Three-runway
System (3RS) to be completed by
2024. The HKIA expansion will meet
future air traffic growth and maintain
its competitiveness as an international costs. The sewerage system will be Compact technologies will be used to
aviation hub while improving the protected against severe corrosive limit the footprint required for sewage
facilities’ operational resilience. attacks given its coastal location and treatment without sacrificing treatment
Black & Veatch’s design will save potentially septic environment through efficiency. Seawater will also be
on future costs, reduce demand for a composite of physical, chemical used as an alternative source to cool
potable water supply and increase and biological solutions. An advanced water for air conditioning and flushing
the lifespan of the infrastructure. grey water system will first collect then purposes, further reducing demand
The design will also incorporate recycle grey water along with other for potable water. A smart drinking
smart network systems and asset treated water for reuse. The treated water supply system will provide real-
management principles that will grey water will be reused for irrigation. time monitoring, automatic supply
enable short and long term decision This will reduce demand for potable control, intelligent data analysis and
making that optimizes water resources water for irrigation and reduce the a decision-making tool to take cost-
as well as operational and capital loading to the sewerage system. effective actions.
An Innovative Solution to a Known Dilemma
As water resources become more treatment method of multimedia filter, high quality recovered grey water for
scarce, grey water recovery also become carbon filter and ultrafiltration has individual and small scale applications,
a vital need. To meet this need in the been a popular method for grey water Rielli engineers developed a concept
course of time, engineers developed and recovery. However, regardless of the of simple yet innovative solutions.
applied several techniques. Especially in order these methods are applied, they Targeting the organic load in the grey
the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) all present problems such as blockage water, which is the main cause for
region and in single family homes and odor in the recovered water. In the odor and blocking problems, the new
and apartment buildings combined, challenge of providing odor-free and Rielli grey water treatment plants first
biologically degrade all the dissolved
and suspended organics in grey water.
Followed by an ultrafiltration process
or using the MBR process integrated
to the biologic phase, treated grey
water reaches the specs of high quality
irrigation water. Biologic treatment and
MBR processes can easily be applied
for relatively large scale applications
like hotels. Moreover, the outstanding
part of the new Rielli plants is the
possibility to apply them in small scale
applications such as single-family
homes and houses or apartments. With
their compact design, the new plants
can pass through doors and be placed
Rielli grey water treatment plant
in basements or garages.
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10معالجة املياه الرمادية
ُمعالجة مياه الرصف 17
ترشين األول (أكتوبر) / 201٦مج ّلد - 3٩عدد ١٠ عامل املياه العريب18 Desalination Technology Electrodialysis Reversal
Operating Flexibility & Economics
Re-shape Electrodialysis Reversal
H
istorically, on the basis of capital cost and power consumption, electrodialysis (ED) technology has taken second place
to reverse osmosis (RO) as a non-thermal desalination method for seawater. However, by taking a new direction, current
ED(R) design is not only challenging this position but also making its mark in industrial water recovery from RO systems.
Precursors to the next EDR reducing energy consumption and (b), Environment and Water Industry
Evoqua’s electrodialysis was initially a relative fall in the costs of automated Programme Office. In 2008, new energy
conceived as a low-energy alternative valve technology, control systems and saving capabilities were developed in
to thermal techniques for desalting ED module construction. It was vital, in the laboratory, which then led to Evoqua
seawater. It has since found a practical redesigning EDR equipment, to retain winning the government’s ‘Singapore
role in brackish water desalination, the existing features of the process Challenge’. The race was then for the
enabling industry authorities to utilize and its intrinsic advantages over RO: company’s US and Singapore R&D
an otherwise untapped resource. In low operating pressure; noiseless facilities to develop a commercial version
the 1970s, reverse osmosis found operation; no vibration; output tenability; of the process. By 2011 a 50m3/day
suitability in large-scale desalination operational flexibility; chlorine tolerance; pilot system showed that the new EDR
plants, once commonly operated with and no exotic materials required for desalination process could use half the
thermal techniques, which can make piping, valves, pumping, etc. The energy of an equivalent RO plant. It
use of waste heat from sites was also shown to be tunable
such as power plants and to required output salinities,
refineries. RO subsequently “ED, originally introduced in the 1950s, or total dissolved solids (TDS)
flourished in locations without competed with RO in brackish water and to be quiet in operation,
a large source of ‘free’ heat. working at low pressure. The
ED, originally introduced in the
desalting applications” heart of this next-generation
1950s, competed with RO in EDR module, named NEXEDTM,
brackish water desalting applications. problem was how to bridge the gap is an innovative membrane with a
With the advent of polarity reversal, EDR to create an economic advantage. For unique design. The membrane is
became more competitive with RO due Evoqua Water Technologies, advances superior to earlier ED technology in its
to reduced pretreatment requirements made in the development of Ionpure electrical resistance, ion permselectivity
(lessening the need for acid and continuous electrodeionization (CEDI) (charge selectivity), and water transport
antiscalant treatments). modules provided a platform to improve allowance. The modular, cross-flow
on existing EDR. Three key tasks were cell construction addresses an earlier
New approach for changing times identified: to introduce a new membrane, limitation of ED, which is the incomplete
In the past decade, two converging a new module construction and a low utilization of membrane surface area.
market trends prompted a review energy process design. In NEXEDTM, the membrane performs
and remodeling of EDR, as a serious ionic filtration across approximately 85
competitor to RO desalination. These EDR breakthrough percent of the total area – an increase
were (a), a rising requirement to The project that ultimately established a of up to 25 percent on existing devices.
conserve and recycle water, both in new EDR generation was a technology
potable and industrial applications, while endeavor funded by the Singapore A cost-driven design uses highly
automated, modular cell construction
and molded components. Coupled with
the higher membrane performance and
utilization, the result is reduced costs
on all fronts: system, energy, lifecycle
and footprint. Low-energy, low-pressure
membranes and tunable dissolved solids
(TDS) removal capability reduce energy
expenditures and also minimize system
maintenance. By adjusting input power, the
module can manipulate output quality to
meet changing application requirements,
or to provide consistent water quality with
Nexed EDR Module
variable feed water parameters.
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10الفصل الغشايئ الكهربايئ العكيس
تقنية تحلية املياه 19
RO reject recovery application optimized to reduce water consumption not a problem for new generation EDR.
Although, through exhaustive testing, and reduce disposal costs. Typically, A single module treats up to 12 m3/h
the new generation of EDR design RO systems only recover between 50 (53 gpm) RO reject, while removing
is proven to deliver cost-effective percent and 75 percent of water. The over 50 percent of total ionized solids.
desalination, the operational flexibility remainder is discharged as wastewater. This enables up to 97 percent overall
of the design also permits system water recovery and in
other applications, including “Typically, RO systems only comparison to a second RO
RO reject recovery. Industries
that require high-purity water recover between 50 percent and 75 stage, EDR is less susceptible
to problems of silica scaling.
such as semiconductor, percent of water”
pharmaceutical, food and
beverage processing and power While this could be fed directly into Charles P Buzzell
commonly use RO systems. They a second RO unit, the likelihood of Business Development Manager
Evoqua Water Technologies
produce waste brackish reject streams scaling or fouling the second RO E-mail: charles.buzzell@evoqua.com
with high salt concentrations that can be without pretreatment is high. This is Web: www.evoqua.com
وذلك، احتلَّت تقنية الفصل الغشائي الكهربائي المركز الثاني خلف تقنية التناضح العكسي باعتبارها وسيلة من وسائل تحلية المياه غير الحرارية،تاريخيًا
ال يشكِّل التصميم الحالي للفصل الغشائي الكهربائي العكسي تحديًا لهذا، َّإل أنَّه مع اتخاذه منحى جديدًا.من جهة التكاليف الرأسمالية واستهالك الطاقة
) فيEvoqua( " لقد اع ُتبِر الفصل الغشائي الكهربائي "إيفوكا. بل يترك بصمة في انتعاش قطاع المياه تختلف عن نظم التناضح العكسي،المركز وحسب
. وقد وجد منذ ذلك الحين دورًا له في عملية تحلية المياه.البداية كبديلٍ مو ِّف ٍر للطاقة يختلف عن التقنيات الحرارية المستخدمة في تحلية مياه البحر
لقد تناسب اعتماد التناضح العكسي في السبعينات في محطات تحلية المياه ذات.األمر الذي أتاح لهيئات الصناعة من استخدام مورد آخر لم يستغله أحد
وهي عادة كانت تعمل بالتقنيات الحرارية والتي بدورها كانت تستفيد من الحرارة الناتجة عن مواقع مثل محطات توليد الكهرباء ومصافي،النطاق الواسع
وتمَّ إدخال تقنية الفصل الغشائي الكهربائي في." وازدهرت تقنية التناضح العكسي في ما بعد في مواقع تفتقر إلى مصدر كبير للحرارة "المجانية.النفط
أصبح الفصل الغشائي الكهربائي العكسي أكثر، ومع ظهور القطبية العكسية. وتنافست مع تقنية التناضح العكسي في استخدامها لتحلية المياه.الخمسينات
.قدرة على التنافس والتناضح العكسي نتيجة النخفاض متطلبات المعالجة المسبقة
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريب20 Feature Sampling & Analyzing Equipment
Feature
Sampling & Analyzing Equipment
21 Water Testing & Analysis Equipment:
Stand the Test of Time
24 Analyzer Monitors Hazardous Chromium VI in Drinking Water
24 SEAL Launches New Range of Digestion Blocks
Arab Water World (AWW) October 2016 / Vol. XXXIX Issue 10معدّات أخذ العينات وتحليلها
موضوع خاص 21
Water Testing & Analysis Equipment:
Stand the Test of Time
C
lean water constitutes an essential part of life and well-being. Consequently, water testing is a vital part of the equation
as millions of quality tests are executed daily to ensure safety of water supply. With increasing population growth, natural
calamities like droughts and earthquakes, and breaking of epidemic diseases bring environmental water testing and
its management to the forefront, according to a recent Mordor Intelligence report. As a matter of fact, IndustryARC reveals
that the water testing and analysis market is set to reach USD4.87 billion by 2020 at a high CAGR. Moreover, in a highly
competitive environment, manufacturers are exerting all their effort on providing advanced water quality testing equipment with
smart connectivity options.
Assessing water quality is vital
Contaminated water can be the source
of large outbreaks of disease. Some
common water borne diseases are E.
coli, Legionella and Pseudomonas.
As defined by WHO, consumption
of any impurities suspended or
dissolved beyond capacity may
lead to serious health issues and in
extreme circumstance may prove fatal.
Therefore, monitoring water quality
with the right equipment is crucial. In
2013, the global E. coli testing market
was estimated at USD1.2 billion and
by 2022, the market is projected
to be worth USD2.1 billion, reports
Transparency Market Research
(TMR). As for Europe, the E. coli testing
market was valued at USD41.28 million through the next five years. Industrial
Malnutrition and scarcity of nutrients in
in 2013 and is estimated to reach USD wastewater/effluent is polluted by emerging countries of Middle East and
67.90 million by 2022. organic, inorganic, and biological Africa and Asia Pacific has raised serious
contaminants. The wastewater/effluent concerns because the demand of water
Environmental water testing has to be tested and treated before quality monitoring in these regions has
Water quality monitoring equipment disposing it in the environment. With the
risen significantly. PMR’s report reveals that
market can be segmented on the basis growing industrial activity, generation
the raising concern over the health in urban
of product type; portable, handheld and of wastewater/effluent is projected toregions has also boosted the water quality
bench-top. For environmental monitoring equipment market. Not
end users, analysts state only limited to general use, water
that the most commonly “The market for environmental testing quality monitoring equipment
used product type is portable for wastewater/effluents is also also finds its extensive use in
equipment where analysis is estimated to have the largest market chemical and pharmaceutical
mostly performed on field. The manufacturing. Properties such
American market is, as stated share through the next five years” as turbidity, alkalinity, basicity and
by Mordor Intelligence’s report, presence of other chemical in
the single largest market for testing of increase, which is projected to drive its waters is of prime importance to industries
environmental water apart from Europe testing service market, adds the report. to get desired chemical or product failure
and Rest of the World. Along these of which can be disastrous. Laboratories
lines, the environmental testing market Monitoring devices: studying aquatic life employ significant use
was led by the wastewater/effluent In high demand of water quality monitoring equipment,
segment in 2015, according to another The rising consumption of water for adds the report. The demand for water
new report by Markets and Markets. industrial or for domestic purposes quality monitoring equipment is anticipated
The market for environmental testing for has instigated a high demand of water to increase multifold owing to extensive
wastewater/effluents is also estimated quality monitoring devices, according to need in various industries and for general
to have the largest market share Persistence Market Research (PMR). purpose use.
١٠ عدد- 3٩ مج ّلد/ 201٦ )ترشين األول (أكتوبر عامل املياه العريبYou can also read
