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Canadian Marijuana
lndustry Snapshot

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Canadian Marijuana lndustry Snapshot - MJBizDaily.com - Marijuana Business Daily
Canadian Marijuana Industry
Snapshot: 17 Charts
Welcome to the first edition of the Canadian Marijuana Industry & Market Snapshot Report,
produced by the research team at Marijuana Business Daily.

In many ways, Canada’s marijuana industry is setting the standard for the rest of the world.

The country’s decision to legalize medical marijuana at the federal level created a thriving and
competitive market filled with large, sophisticated players that are expanding internationally
at a rapid clip. And now Canada is poised to become the first G7 nation to legalize recreational
cannabis.

The swift pace at which Canada’s marijuana sector is advancing has drawn the attention of
investors, entrepreneurs and policymakers from the United States and abroad, many of whom may
be unfamiliar with the unique dynamics of these burgeoning new industries.

In this report, you’ll find 17 key charts designed to provide a snapshot of Canada’s marijuana
industry and its potential going forward.

These charts provide a glimpse into:

      •      How Canada’s medical market and the companies operating within it have
             progressed over time.
      •      Business opportunities in the country’s soon-to-be established rec market.
      •      The current size of the medical cannabis market and estimates for the future.
      •      Differences in the Canadian versus U.S. marijuana markets.

The majority of data in this report comes from Canadian governmental entities – primarily Health
Canada and the Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer. Because marijuana is legal at the
federal level and many cannabis businesses in the country are publicly traded, the amount and
quality of data about Canada’s marijuana industry are much higher than in the United States.

The writing of Matt Lamers, a Toronto-based reporter at Marijuana Business Daily who covers the
Canadian marijuana industry exclusively, also deserves recognition – as his work provided the basis
for much of the analysis in this report.

If you have any suggestions or want to provide feedback, please contact me at elim@mjbizdaily.com.

                                          Best regards,

                                          Eli McVey
                                          Marijuana Business Daily Analyst

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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

Current Situation
Canada effectively legalized medical marijuana in 2001, though the original bill was replaced by
the Marijuana for Medical Purposes Regulations (MMPR) in 2014. This new legislation authorized
the production of MMJ through federally licensed producers, which supply medical cannabis to
patients throughout the country via a mail-order system. As of early November, 69 production
licenses have been issued throughout Canada.
Chart 1.01: Number Of MMJ Production Licenses By Province

                                              Number Of MMJ Produc�on Licenses By Province

                                                             Saskatchewan
                                                                   3

                      British Columbia          Alberta                                                                                     Newfoundland and
                              16                   4                           Manitoba                                                         Labrador
                                                                                                                                                   0
                                                                                  2
                                                                                                                   Quebec
                                                                                                                     2

                                                                                              Ontario
                                                                                                39
                                                                                                                                          Prince Edward Island
                                                                                                                  New Brunswick                    1
                                                                                                                        2
                                                                                                                                      Nova Scotia
                                                                                                                                          0

       Source: Health Canada
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Not all of Canada’s licensed producers are permitted to sell MMJ, however. After a producer is
approved to begin cultivating marijuana, the company must pass a series of tests and inspections
before any product can be shipped to patients. On average, it has taken 12 to 18 months for
producers to receive licenses to sell.

Thousands of businesses have submitted applications to produce MMJ in Canada, the vast majority
of which have been refused, withdrawn or were incomplete. As of early November, over 400
companies were waiting for Health Canada (the country’s health department) to review their
applications, though just a small percentage are likely to move forward in the process.
Chart 1.02: Marijuana Production Licenses By Type

                                                 Marijuana Produc�on Licenses By Type

                                                                        Sale Only       Cultivation & Sale
                                                                            4                   34
                                                                                                        Cultivation Only
                                                                                                               31

                           Sale Only
                               4

                      Cultivation & Sale
                              34
                                                                     Pending Applications
                                                                             428

  Source: Health Canada
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

In the United States – where marijuana is illegal in the eyes of the federal government – each
state operates its own cannabis industry. In Canada, however, medical marijuana is legal at the
federal level, and the government has left production in the hands of a relatively small number of
companies.

Canada also requires each MMJ producer to be vertically integrated, meaning the company grows
its own cannabis, manufactures its own extracts and handles all aspects of sales in-house. Some
medical marijuana markets in the United States also mandate vertical integration, but most states
license businesses across the entire supply chain.

Though dispensaries are currently illegal in Canada, they do exist. Most operate in major cities such
as Toronto and Vancouver, where officials have not prioritized enforcement of the law unless there
are complaints.
Chart 1.03: Number Of Plant-Touching Marijuana Businesses In Canada Compared To The United States

                                   Number Of Plant-Touching Marijuana Businesses
                                     In Canada Compared To The United States
    Country     Business Type
                Medical Dispensaries/Rec
                                                                                                                                                 3,300 - 4,300
                Stores (estimated)

    United      Wholesale Cultivators
                                                                                                                              2,500 - 3,500
    States      (estimated)

                Infused Product
                                                                                                  1,600 - 2,000
                Manufacturers (estimated)

                Licensed Producers                         60
    Canada
                Illegal Dispensaries
                                                                350
                (estimated)

                                                       0        500        1,000      1,500       2,000       2,500      3,000       3,500       4,000      4,500
                                                                                               Number Of Businesses

 Note: Estimated number of businesses operating in the United States includes both medical and recreational companies as of April 2017. Figures
 regarding licensed Canadian businesses were gathered in early November 2017. Estimates for the number of illegal dispensaries in Canada were
 released in April 2016.
 Source: Marijuana Business Daily Factbook 2017, Health Canada, Canadian Association of Medical Cannabis Dispensaries
 Copyright 2017 Marijuana Business Daily, a division of Anne Holland Ventures Inc. All rights reserved.

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Marijuana Business Daily

The number of MMJ patients in Canada has boomed over the last several quarters, corresponding
with the rise of large, federally licensed marijuana producers in the country. Some observers
believe that patients are taking advantage of the liberal list of qualifying MMJ conditions to legally
acquire cannabis for recreational purposes. Others, however, attribute the rise in patients to
increased awareness of the potential medicinal uses of marijuana among both the general public
and physicians. In reality, it’s likely a mix of both factors.
Chart 1.04: Total Number Of Registered MMJ Patients In Canada

                                    Total Number Of Registered MMJ Patients In Canada
                                            Patients                                          % Change From Previous Quarter

            250K                                                                                                                                        60%

                                                                                                                                              201,398
            200K                                                                                                                                        50%

                                                                                                                                                              % Change From Previous Quarter
                                                                                                                                    167,754
                                                                                                                                                        40%
            150K
 Patients

                                                                                                                         129,876
                                                                                                                                                        30%
                                                                                                               98,460
            100K
                                                                                                     75,166                                             20%
                                                                                          53,649
            50K                                                                 39,668
                                                                     30,537                                                                             10%
                                                          23,930
                                     15,545     18,512
                   7,914   12,409
             0K                                                                                                                                         0%
                   Q2        Q3        Q4         Q1         Q2        Q3         Q4        Q1         Q2        Q3         Q4         Q1          Q2
                            2014                                  2015                                    2016                              2017
  Source: Health Canada
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

The increase in patients has fueled a sharp rise in sales. The medical market is expected to
generate approximately $250 million by the end of 2017, representing a 65% increase over 2016
MMJ sales. While the total dollar value of the market is impressive, the rapid growth is driving
enthusiasm among Canadian MMJ businesses and investors.
Chart 1.05: Estimated Retail Value Of Canadian Medical Marijuana Market

                                 Estimated Retail Value Of Canadian Medical Marijuana Market

                      $300M

                                                                                                                                                   $250M
                      $250M

                      $200M
    Estimated Value

                      $150M                                                                                     $139M

                      $100M

                                                                             $46M
                      $50M
                                         $12M
                       $0M
                                          2014                                2015                                2016                                2017
 Note: 2017 sales estimates are projections based on MMJ patient growth in the first two quarters of 2017. All values in USD.
 Source: Marijuana Business Daily
 Copyright 2017 Marijuana Business Daily, a division of Anne Holland Ventures Inc. All rights reserved.

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In July 2015, Canadian MMJ producers were given the green light to begin producing marijuana
extracts, which are sold to patients in the form of cannabis oil. Much like in the United States,
extracts have gained traction in Canada’s medical market. Patients treating severe and chronic
conditions typically need larger, easily ingestible doses of THC to provide symptom relief – which
has helped fuel overall sales growth.

Chart 1.06: Amount Of Dried Marijuana & Oil Sold To Patients

                                       Amount Of Dried Marijuana & Oil Sold To Patients
                                               Amount Dried MJ Sold (kg)                              Amount Oil Sold (kg)
                    14K

                    12K

                    10K
                                                                                                                                                              5,896
   Kilograms Sold

                                                                                                                                                   5,836
                    8K

                                                                                                                                       5,134
                    6K
                                                                                                                            4,773
                    4K
                                                                                                               4,037
                                                                                                                                                   5,673      6,194
                    2K                                                                              3,082                              4,109
                                596       789                               1,873       2,481                               2,420
                          408                        979        1,371                                          1,500
                    0K
                          Q2     Q3       Q4          Q1          Q2          Q3          Q4          Q1          Q2          Q3          Q4           Q1          Q2
                                2014                                   2015                                            2016                                 2017
  Source: Health Canada
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

Since cannabis oil was introduced to the market in the first quarter of 2016, the rate of sales
growth has outpaced that of dried marijuana in every quarter. Cannabis oil now accounts for about
half of all marijuana sales in the country, where it appears to have stabilized.
Chart 1.07: Percentage Of MMJ Sales From Dried Marijuana

                                                      Percentage Of MMJ Sales From Dried Marijuana

                                   100%     100%        100%       100%        100%        100%       100%
                            100%

                                                                                                                   84%
                            80%
                                                                                                                               73%
    % Sales From Dried MJ

                                                                                                                                          66%

                            60%                                                                                                                       56%
                                                                                                                                                                  51%        49%

                            40%

                            20%

                             0%
                                    Q2        Q3         Q4          Q1          Q2          Q3          Q4         Q1          Q2          Q3          Q4         Q1          Q2
                                            2014                                      2015                                           2016                               2017
 Source: Health Canada
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A limited number of MMJ producers in Canada, combined with rising patient counts and growing
MMJ sales, have enabled the country’s licensed marijuana companies to grow much larger than
their U.S. counterparts. Due to the federally illegal nature of marijuana in the United States, the
country’s largest publicly traded businesses focused specifically on the marijuana industry – Terra
Tech and Kush Bottles – do not actually touch the plant. Providing goods to cannabis companies
that do touch the plant allows Terra Tech and Kush Bottles to trade in OTC markets, though their
overall value is limited relative to public marijuana companies in Canada.
Chart 1.08: Sampling Of Publically Traded Marijuana Company Market Caps: Canada Compared To The United
States

                         Sampling Of Publically Traded Marijuana Company Market Caps:
                                    Canada Compared To The United States
                                                       Canadian MJ Companies                      U.S. MJ Companies

  Canopy Growth Corporation                                                                                                                    $1,776,000,000

  Aurora Cannabis                                                                              $856,000,000

  Terra Tech                                             $118,000,000

  Kush Bottles                                          $108,300,000

                                                  $0M                  $500M                    $1,000M                   $1,500M                      $2,000M
  Note: All values in USD, current as of 10/26/17.
  Source: Yahoo Finance
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

Because MMJ is legal at the federal level in Canada, marijuana producers are allowed to export
cannabis products and establish large operations in other countries that have also legalized
marijuana. Cannabis businesses in the United States, however, operate regardless of the federal
government and are not even permitted to ship product across state lines.

That’s given Canadian MMJ producers a major opportunity to establish a presence in emerging
international markets, and several companies have taken significant steps to do so.
Chart 1.09: Sampling Of Canadian Marijuana Company International Activity

  Sampling Of Canadian Marijuana Company International Activity

                                                                  Toronto-based Cronos Group took its first step overseas
                                                                  through its wholly owned subsidiary Peace Naturals
                                                                  Project by exporting medical marijuana to Germany in
                                                                  October 2016.

                                                                  Saskatoon-based CanniMed marked its first shipment of
                                                                  commercial cannabis oil to Australia with the sale of
                                                                  3,600 milliliters of oil to Health House International, a
                                                                  medical cannabis wholesaler in Perth.

                                                                  British Columbia-based Tilray plans to spend $20 million
                                                                  to build a medical marijuana production facility in
                                                                  Portugal to serve the European Union. The new facility
                                                                  is slated to begin operation in 2018 and is expected to
                                                                  ultimately produce 55,116 pounds of MMJ by 2020.

                                                                  Burlington, Ontario-based Maricann Group established
                                                                  a subsidiary in Germany called Maricann GmbH and
                                                                  raised $42 million to further expand production there.

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Exports of MMJ from Canada were nonexistent just a couple of years ago but now represent a
considerable growth opportunity for licensed producers. Based on year-to-date totals, Canadian
MMJ producers are on pace to export approximately 255 kilograms (562 pounds) of dried
marijuana and cannabis oil in 2017, which would represent a 75% increase over 2016.
Chart 1.10: Canadian Marijuana Exports: 2015 – 2017 YTD

                                                                  Canadian Marijuana Exports:
                                                                       2015 - 2017 YTD
                                                     2015           Cannabis Oil        2016
                                                                                          Dried Cannabis                                    2017
                                         120

                                                                             100.8
   Marijuana Exported From Canada (kg)

                                         100                                                                                   94.7

                                         80

                                         60

                                                                                                     44.8                                              45.5
                                         40

                                         20

                                          0    0.0          0.0

                                                     2015                               2016                                               2017
  Source: Health Canada                                                                                                             through 7/20/17
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

Preparing For Recreational Sales
In April 2017, Canada’s government introduced legislation in the House of Commons to legalize
recreational marijuana, proposing that existing licensed medical cannabis producers get first crack
at business licenses and setting July 1, 2018, as the target date for legalization.

Canada is leaving it up to each province to determine key regulations that will have a major effect
on cannabis businesses, including where marijuana can be purchased and consumed, how it is
taxed and who can sell it. As of early November, only New Brunswick and Ontario have officially
unveiled models for how recreational marijuana will be sold, though several provinces have
released draft regulations – offering a glance at the direction policymakers in each province are
heading.
Chart 1.11: Preliminary Status Of Recreational Marijuana Regulations By Province

                            Preliminary Status Of Recreational Marijuana Regulations By Province

                                                          Alberta                                                                    Quebec
                                            Retail Structure: May allow private retailers                                Retail Structure: Government-run
                                            Legal Age of Consumption: 18                                                 Legal Age of Consumption: 18
               British Columbia                                                        Manitoba
       Retail Structure: May allow private retailers                                                                                            Newfoundland & Labrador
                                                                         Retail Structure: May allow private retailers
       Legal Age of Consumption: TBD                                                                                                           Retail Structure: TBD
                                                                         Legal Age of Consumption: TBD
                                                                                                                                               Legal Age of Consumption: TBD

                                                          Saskatchewan
                                                   Retail Structure: TBD
                                                   Legal Age of Consumption: TBD
                                                                                  Ontario
                                                                      Retail Structure: Government-run
                                                                      Legal Age of Consumption: 19                                             Prince Edward Island
                                                                                                       New Brunswick                     Retail Structure: Likely government-run
                                                                                                  Retail Structure: Government-run       Legal Age of Consumption: TBD
                                                                                                  Legal Age of Consumption: 19
                                                                                                                            Nova Scotia
                                                                                                                     Retail Structure: TBD
                                                                                                                     Legal Age of Consumption: TBD
      Source: Marijuana Business Daily
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How big will the rec market be?

Canada’s Parliamentary Budget Office estimates the number of cannabis users aged 15 or older in
the country at 3.6 million to 7 million by 2021, with a midpoint estimate of 5.2 million. While these
figures include both recreational and medical users – and it’s unlikely that any Canadian province
will allow customers younger than 18 to purchase adult-use cannabis – the ranges provide a
general idea of the potential size of the consumer base several years after rec sales begin.

Note that cannabis users can differ considerably in their consumption habits, which will ultimately
affect the market and business opportunities.
Chart 1.12: Estimated Number Of Cannabis Users In Canada In 2021: Breakdown By Frequency Of Use

                                Estimated Number Of Cannabis Users In Canada In 2021:
                                           Breakdown By Frequency Of Use

                                                                                         One To Three
 Percentage Of                                 Less Than Once A Month                       Times                 At Least Once A Week                 Daily
 Users                                                   36%                               A Month                         26%                         14%
                                                                                             17%

                          Once Per Year
                            0.06%     0.1             0.2          0.3           0.4          0.5          0.6           0.7          0.8          0.9         1.0

 Percentage Of                       At Least Once A Week                                                        Daily
 Consumption                                  26%                                                                72%

                    One To Three
                   Times A Month
                         2%
  Source: Canada's Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

The retail value of Canada’s rec market is hard to pin down, as the rules and regulations
governing the new industry have yet to be finalized. However, a rough approximation of potential
domestic sales can be formed using the number of estimated cannabis users in the country and
their corresponding consumption rates provided in the previous chart along with a series of
assumptions regarding the development of Canada’s rec market:

                 •        The number of cannabis users aged 18 or older in the country by 2021 will be
                          between 3.4 million and 6.7 million.
                 •        Recreational cannabis will be sold initially for $8 per gram. Based on pricing trends
                          in Colorado’s rec market, this will fall to $6.25 by 2021.
                 •        Assuming Canada’s black-market prices fall at a similar rate as legal marijuana
                          prices, approximately 80% of all marijuana consumption will take place in the legal
                          market.
                 •        95% of all legal marijuana users will purchase from the recreational market.

Set to be the first major country to legalize the sale of recreational marijuana, Canada will likely
draw a significant number of international tourists looking to partake legally. But purchasing
marijuana in another country may prove more onerous than simply crossing into another state with
adult-use sales, making it difficult to predict how much an impact this will have on the size of the
market. However, even conservative estimates suggest tourist spending on recreational marijuana
will be in the hundreds of millions of dollars.
Chart 1.13: Estimated Sales Of Recreational Marijuana In Canada To Domestic Users In 2021

                        Estimated Sales Of Recreational Marijuana In Canada To Domestic Users In 2021

                        $5.0B
                                                                                                                                                     $4.5B

                        $4.0B

                                                                                                   $3.3B
  Estimated Rec Sales

                        $3.0B

                                                 $2.3B

                        $2.0B

                        $1.0B

                        $0.0B
                                         Low-End Estimate                                   Middle Estimate                                  High-End Estimate
 Note: All values in USD.
 Source: Marijuana Business Daily
 Copyright 2017 Marijuana Business Daily, a division of Anne Holland Ventures Inc. All rights reserved.

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But with rec sales slated to begin in summer 2018, Canadian marijuana producers likely won’t be
prepared to meet initial demand. Since MMJ sales began, the addressable market for licensed
producers has been limited strictly to registered patients – an extremely small number relative
to the amount of potential rec customers in the country. Assuming rec sales begin on time, at
least in some areas, Canada’s rec market is expected to experience a supply shortage until more
production capacity comes online.
Chart 1.14: Canadian Marijuana Production & Estimated Future Demand

                            Canadian Marijuana Production & Estimated Future Demand

                                 Estimated Current
                                  Licensed Annual
                                Marijuana Production

                                                                         Estimated Cannabis Consumption In 2018
                                        90,000 kg
                                                                                       655,000 kg

  Source: Canada's Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

In anticipation of a supply shortage, licensed producers continue to bolster their inventories ahead
of adult-use sales. The growth in the amount of dried marijuana and cannabis oil in producers’
inventories from the January-March period in 2017 to the April-June period was the largest
quarter-over-quarter increase in more than two years.
Chart 1.15: Amount Of Marijuana In Licensed Producers’ Inventories At End Of Month

                                              Amount Of Marijuana In Licensed Producers' Inventories At End Of Month
                                                                                  Cannabis Oil (kg)                      Dried Marijuana (kg)
                                        35K

                                        30K
  Kilograms In Producers' Inventories

                                        25K

                                        20K                                                                                                                                              25,077

                                        15K                                                                                                                                  18,140
                                                                                                                                                                  18,087

                                        10K                                                                                                           13,246
                                                                                                                                          11,788
                                                                                                                              10,695
                                        5K                                                                         9,729
                                                                                                       7,312                                                                              6,713
                                              1,134                            4,667       5,445                                                                              5,198
                                                                    2,994                                                                              3,330       3,724
                                        0K              2,021                                                                              2,038
                                               Q2        Q3          Q4          Q1          Q2          Q3         Q4          Q1          Q2          Q3          Q4          Q1          Q2
                                                       2014                                       2015                                           2016                                2017
 Source: Health Canada
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Regulators have also taken notice, revamping and streamlining the application process and
dedicating more resources to licensing additional processors ahead of rec legalization.
Chart 1.16: Number Of Marijuana Producer Licenses Issued By Quarter

                                            Number Of Marijuana Producer Licenses Issued By Quarter

                                  14
                                                   13
                                                                                                                                                            12
                                  12
   New Producer Licenses Issued

                                  10
                                                                                                                                                       9

                                  8

                                  6

                                               4                                                                                            4
                                  4
                                                                                                          3        3
                                       2                2                2                                                 2        2
                                  2
                                                               1    1                    1        1
                                  0
                                       Q3   Q4     Q1   Q2     Q3   Q4   Q1     Q2       Q3      Q4       Q1      Q2       Q3      Q4      Q1          Q2   Q3
                                        2013                2014                   2015                                2016                       2017
  Source: Health Canada
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Canadian Marijuana Industry Snapshot: 17 Charts

But despite the short-term volatility expected in the rec market, investors are largely bullish on
the future for the country’s entire marijuana industry. The funding windfall comes as Canadian
cannabis companies are preparing to boost supply in response to the planned start of recreational
sales next summer, the nation’s booming medical marijuana market and overseas demand for their
products.
Chart 1.17: Investments In Canadian Marijuana Companies

                                     Investments In Canadian Marijuana Companies

  1st Half 2016           $43M

  1st Half 2017                                                                                                                                        $770M

                                                                           Total Capital Raised (USD)
 Source: Viridian Capital Advisors
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