Multi-sector Household Survey - Kapoeta Counties - March 2021 Ochola James - ReliefWeb
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Multi-sector Household Survey -
Kapoeta Counties
March 2021
Ochola James © AVSI, 2020 - all rights reserved
Background and Rationale The survey was conducted on December 2020 in three counties of greater Kapoeta (Kapoeta North Kapoeta South and Kapoeta East) with the purposely to; - Get household information on major sectors of human development of • Health and Wash, Livelihood, Education and protection - To get household needs and have informed intervention strategies
Methodology
12 payam were randomly selected 2 in Kapoeta East, 5 in Kapoeta South and 5 for
Kapoeta North. 540 households were surveyed. Certain Payam of Kapoeta east and
north were excluded from the random selection due to logistical reasons.
The survey questionnaires focus mainly on:
• Livelihood, Food security, Health-hygiene promotion, Education, Wash,
Agriculture, Livestock, Market, Household asset, Migration, Association, Conflict
and protection.
• ECW1 (multi indicator pastoral education) survey
Two-stage cluster sampling:
• 1st stage - selection of villages (based on probability proportional to population
size (PPS) and stratification).
• 2nd stage - selection of households (based on “improved random-walk” method)
Meeting with local authorities and community leaders representing all 3 counties was
conducted in order to get the population size of all the payam and bomasGeographic Location of greater Kapoeta Region • Greater Kapoeta comprises of 3 counties (Kapoeta north, Kapoeta South and Kapoeta East) • The communities are purely pastoral they mainly rear cattle, sheep/goat in hundreds. • The main settlement are in Riwoto, Narus and Kapoeta town.
Main Findings • 10% of the population are severely hit by hunger while 60% are in moderate hunger. This is because household Food reserve get exhausted by July, August, September, October and worst in December. This attributed to low production due small cultivation (1 ha of private land). Consequently reduced accessibility to meal a day to 1 time for adult and 2 times for children especially in Kapoeta north. • Increasing challenge in water accessibility to over 41% of households, the existing boreholes are said to have broken down. The distance to boreholes is 30- 1 hour walk and the time spent to fetch water is 10-30 minutes. • Greater need to support education system in greater Kapoeta, the survey result shows that 94% of population are not educated and 83% cannot read or write. This means the trend is likely to continue unless major intervention is put in place in term of upgrade of schools (P.1 to P.8), strengthening SMC and PTA bodies, school feeding program etc.
• Agriculture is the main source of survival to 62% of people in greater Kapoeta • Largely, women are more engaged in livelihood/income of the family than men. Almost all livelihood activities are done by women, except hunting, fishing or gathering of natural product and Livestock rearing/defence. • 53% of households in greater Kapoeta need support in education systems • 6% of children are likely not to be enrolled in school as a coping strategy • 62% of households do not know where to refer GBV cases • 18% of households have a “poor” Food Consumption Score (FCS) while 25% have a “borderline” FCS.
• The worst months of hunger are July, August, September and October. • Mortality rate in children under five stand at more than 3% leading in Kapoeta east and south. • The survey confirms 42% of mothers have to walk more than 1 hour for pre and post natal care worst in Kapoeta East • Knowledge on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) is very low in greater Kapoeta. • Only 17% of mothers practice exclusive breastfeeding (0-5.9 months) • 53% of mothers don’t initiate early breastfeeding • Infant and young children are introduced to solid, semi-solid or soft food below 6 months. The report shows only 27% introduce after 6- 8.9 months
• 41% of households agree that boreholes are not functioning/broken down and most water points don’t have water committee • In greater Kapoeta, 88% households do not have toilet, they use bush for defecation with no particular rules, the greater percentage is in Kapoeta North. • 87% of households reported GBV threat directed to women/girls in greater Kapoeta • The reason children 10-15 years are not attending school is early pregnancy/ marriage, • 79% of the households cultivate less than 1 Ha of private land • The mostly grown crops in private and common land includes - Sorghum long variety most preferred, maize, simsim and sorghum short variety
• 85% of farmers practice traditional system of farming, they never received any training in crop or vegetable production. • 67% have no access to credit not even local saving groups/association • The main problems related to livestock farming in greater Kapoeta is pest and diseases as well as lack of veterinary services • There is a lot of gap in technical and vocational education and training in greater Kapoeta, little has been done in the area of Adult education, income generation/entrepreneurship trainings. • 21% cases of sexual assault and rape is recorded among the problems facing households in Kapoeta north out of 18% total cases in greater Kapoeta.
Livelihood
Main source of living
• 62% of households in greater Kapoeta, their main source of survival
is agriculture being more practised by 70% of households in Kapoeta
north
• The major crop grown are; sorghum and maize
sources of living Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Production of basic/staple crops (sorghum, maize,
70% 53% 68% 62%
etc)
Sale of firewood or charcoal 13% 10% 6% 10%
Sale of alcoholic beverages 2% 13% 11% 9%
Livestock and Sale of livestock 7% 12% 5% 8%
Other 3% 3% 2% 3%
Sale of animal products (milk etc) 5% 0% 2% 2%
Skilled or salaried labour 0% 4% 0% 1%
Other petty trading/small business (tea seller,
0% 3% 1% 1%
kiosk, sales of handicraft etc)
Production of cash crops or other products
0% 0% 3% 1%
(vegetables, groundnuts, etc)Livelihood
• However, 90% of total production is for self consumption
• 6% of the gains is exchanged with other products and 5% is sold to
get cash.
• Interestingly, because of production in small scale, 62% of the cash is
used to buy food and other basic items. Whereas Kapoeta North,
100% is used to buy food.
• 33% is spent on other things for the family member
Kapoe Kapo
Kapoet COUNT
Use of cash (% of HHs) ta eta
a North Y
South East
To buy food and other
basic items (for 100% 45% 60% 62%
instance soap)
s as well other things for family members (grinding
0% of
45%grains,
40%school33%
fees)
gs for the family as well as instruments for 0%
your livelihood
9% activity
0% 5%Livelihood
• Livelihood level in greater Kapoeta worsen in 2020 compared to
previous years. The causes point to loss of crop/harvest 40%, Kapoeta
north is more affected 53%.
• 30% is due to inflation/low prices and high prices in the market
• 16% loss of livestock
• 5% due to drought
Changes in livelihood level over last Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
year and causes of worsening North South East
Yes, it has IMPROVED 17% 7% 2% 9%
it stayed THE SAME 38% 38% 41% 39%
No, it has WORSENED 45% 55% 56% 52%
Loss of crops/harvest 53% 35% 34% 40%
Due to inflation/high prices 7% 37% 43% 30%
Loss of livestock 26% 13% 9% 16%
Drought 7% 5% 3% 5%Livelihood
Adult contribution to livelihood/income of the family
• Largely, women are more engaged in livelihood/income of the family than
men. Almost all livelihood activities are done by women, except hunting,
fishing or gathering of natural product and Livestock rearing/defence.
Men contribution women contribution Main Occupation for Adults
Livelihood activities % Livelihood activities %
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Caring family members/Family duties 80% Caring family members/Family duties 91%
Cultivation individually 32% Cultivation individually 68% Caring family members/Family duties
Hunting, Fishing or Gathering of natural products 35% Hunting, Fishing or Gathering vegetables/fruits/other Cultivation individually
23%
natural products Hunting, Fishing or Gathering of…
Livestock rearing or defense 65%
Livestock rearing and defense 4%
Production of local alcohol 9% Livestock rearing or defense
Production of local alcohol 54% Production of local alcohol
Casual Labour (work for different people in
6%
different days) Casual Labour (help different people in different days) 6% Casual Labour (work for different…
Cultivation in group or in association with other
farmers
13% Cultivation in group or in association with other farmers 28% Cultivation in group or in association…
Producing or selling firewood/charcoal/bamboo 8% Producing or selling firewood/charcoal/bamboo 49% Producing or selling…
Petty trading (tea seller, kiosk, sales of handicraft)
5%
Petty trading (tea seller, kiosk, sales of handicraft) or other
5% Petty trading (tea seller, kiosk, sales of…
or small business (tailor) small business (tailor, etc.)
Gathering or selling of items for construction (stone, poles, Gathering or selling of items for…
Gathering or selling of items for construction 26%
6% etc) House boy/House girl
(stone, poles, etc)
House boy/House girl 1% House boy/House girl 11% Other
Other 1% Other 1%
Adult Males Adult FemalesLivelihood
Adolescent contribution to livelihood/income of the family
• 70% of adolescent contribute majorly in caring for family members/family
adult
• 39% contribute to cultivation (scaring birds)
• 37% of boys greatly contribute to livestock rearing and defence.
Livelihood activities %
Cultivation 39%
Caring family members/Family duties 70%
Hunting, Fishing or Gathering vegetables/fruits/etc 35%
Livestock rearing or defense 37%
House boy/House girl 28%
Production of local alcohol 23%
Producing or selling firewood/charcoal/bamboo 29%
Gathering or selling of stone/cutting grass/poles and16%
wood
Casual Labour (help different people in different days)4%
Petty trading (tea seller, kiosk, sales of handicraft) or 6%
other small business (tailor, etc.)
They do not contribute 2%
Other 1%• Children 6-11 years old contribute heavily in caring for younger
children in the family
Livelihood activities %
Caring for younger children 81%
Washing dishes/cleaning the house/washing clothes50%
Getting water for the house 50%
Cooking or preparing ingredients (grinding ingredients)
39%
They do not contribute 9%
Caring for elderly/sick 34%
Control the fields against birds 35%
Other activities 2%
Digging and cultivating 17%
Hunting 16%
• The survey result shows that 52% of these activities takes most of the
of the day while 24% takes entire day for children 6-11 years.
Activity's time Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Less than two hours 4% 1% 1% 2%
Less than half a day 22% 28% 13% 22%
Most of the day 51% 52% 52% 52%
The entire day 22% 19% 33% 24%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%Problem resilience • The household has slow copy strategy to crisis, only 32% households adapted coping strategy and poor stress strategy throughout the counties. • 54% reported no need to adapt coping strategy.
Household problems in past 3 months % of HHs by problem over the last 3 months
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
• The problems were ranked Human sickness
Food too expensive/high food prices
60%
69%
57%
68%
64%
63%
60%
67%
according to household Floods 10% 11% 10% 11%
concerned Livestock diseases
Weeds/pest
67%
45%
45%
26%
59%
36%
56%
35%
- 67% of respondents raised Insecurity/violence 18% 17% 16% 17%
concern of food too Death of Livestock
Other
44%
0%
28%
0%
34%
1%
35%
0%
expensive/ high food Loss of income / employment 5% 10% 6% 7%
prices Death of household member
Delay of rains/ late start / dry spell
7%
9%
11%
13%
14%
14%
10%
12%
- Human sickness Looting / theft/ loss of assets 1% 1% 3% 2%
contribute to 60% of Returnees/IDPs living with household
Social Event (Ceremonies, weddings, funerals)
0%
2%
0%
3%
0%
3%
0%
3%
household problems Lack of free access/movement 12% 11% 18% 13%
Cattle Raid 11% 17% 10% 13%
- Livestock sickness is 56%
thus 35% of livestock
death
• Kapoeta North leads in all
the household problems
raised, though all the
three faces the same
problems.Household coping strategies
• Consumption of
Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs engaged in coping strategies Kapoeta East
North South
STRESS Went to friends to eat 6% 6% 6%
seeds held for STRESS Sold Household assets
STRESS Borrowed money for food
6%
14%
0%
7%
3%
5%
cultivation posing STRESS Spent savings or sold more animals
CRISIS Sold productive assets
15%
2%
4%
0%
4%
0%
risk to lack of seed CRISIS Reduced essential non-food items
CRISIS Consumed seeds held for cultivation
2%
20%
2%
12%
0%
13%
fir cultivation in CRISIS Withdrew children from school 3% 4% 3%
2021
• Withdrawal of
children from
school hence
reduction in
enrolment rate
• Sale of livestock as % of HHs
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East
COUNTY
selling livestock as coping strategy 16% 5% 4% 9%
coping strategy already sold animals available 10% 10% 2% 8%Exhausted Coping strategies
• 6% of children are % of HHs already exahusted their livelihood coping stategies
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
likely not to be STRESS ALREADY no friends to go to eat 8.63% 7% 2% 6%
enrolled in school STRESS ALREADY no more household assets to sell
STRESS ALREADY none from whom to borrowed money for food 4.32%
1% 2%
3%
1%
3%
2%
3%
• 5% have no more
STRESS ALREADY no more savings or animals to sell 10% 7% 1% 7%
CRISIS ALREADY no productive assets to sell 4% 3% 0% 3%
seed to consume CRISIS ALREADY Already reduced essential non-food items
CRISIS ALREADY no seeds to consume
1.62%
8.63%
3%
4%
1%
1%
2%
5%
CRISIS ALREADY no children enrolled in school 4.90% 7% 5% 6%Distance to social services
• The distance between schools is at least 30 minutes to one
hour walk.
• 10 to 30 minutes walk to near by water source
• 30 to one hour walk to closest health facility with qualified
obstetrician
• It takes 2-4 hours walk to closest market
Access to services Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
(Less than 30 minutes away by foot - one way) North South East
School 33% 32% 61% 40%
Health facility with 'qualified' obstetrician 27% 25% 21% 25%
Water source 32% 43% 41% 39%
Market 8% 17% 21% 15%Food Security
• The overall food security situation in greater Kapoeta is in worrying
state
- 60% of total households reached are in moderate hunger while 10%
are in severe hunger.
- Access to meal per day is once for adult and 2 times a day for children
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
HHs by Food Access COUNTY
North South East
# of meals - Adults 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7
number of meals – U5 Children
2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3
(not breastfeeding)
HHS- Little to no hunger 29% 32% 30% 30%
HHS- Moderate hunger 60% 59% 61% 60%
HHS - Severe hunger 11% 9% 9% 10%•18% of households have a “poor” Food Consumption Score
(FCS) while 25% have a “borderline” FCS.
•Kapoeta North is the most food insecure communities
followed by Kapoeta East 18% Kapoeta South 16%.
•57% of the household consume varied and nutritious diet
% of HHs by Food Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
Consumption Score North South East
acceptable 58% 58% 53% 57%
borderline 22% 26% 29% 25%
poor 21% 16% 18% 18%
Mean of FCS 27.5 27.5 29.2 28.0
Standard Dev 22.7 23.7 23.0 23.2• The post harvest months have adequate food, these are; January, February,
march.
• The worst months are July, August, September, October and December.
• Kapoeta north is the county that suffers most during the months of
inadequate/no food
• Kapoeta South receive little production but moderately affected during the
months of no food.
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs by type of cultivaiton COUNTY
North South East
Ja nua ry 67% 59% 70% 65%
Februa ry 64% 55% 66% 61%
Ma rch 59% 57% 55% 57%
Apri l 27% 46% 44% 39%
Ma y 20% 38% 29% 29%
June 20% 29% 25% 24%
Jul y 13% 23% 18% 18%
Augus t 11% 20% 18% 16%
September 13% 25% 26% 21%
October 16% 26% 26% 22%
November 22% 34% 35% 30%
December 14% 15% 18% 15%HEALTH AND WASH
• Mortality rate in children under five stand at more than 3% leading in
Kapoeta east and south.
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Mortality Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
CDR (deaths/10,000 people/day) 0.9 2.1 2.4 1.8
CDR of children < 5
1.5 4.9 4.9 3.6
(deaths/10,000 people/day)
% of sons and daughters who died
7% 6% 5% 6%
per household lifetime• 41% of deliveries assisted Pre and Post Natal care (based on
mothers of U3 years children)
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta East COUNTY
by qualified health % who visited any doctor before
71% 70% 60% 68%
workers delivery
% who was visited in a health
• 59% of total delivery facility
54% 50% 47% 50%
conducted outside health % who was visited in a health
facility in the first trimester of 36% 41% 30% 37%
facility pregnancy
% assisted by qualified health
- 30% assisted by family workers during delivery
34% 48% 37% 41%
member/friends % visited in the days/weeks after
0% 0% 0% 0%
delivery
- 14% self assisted > more than 1 hour to closest
health clinic with qualified 37% 36% 58% 42%
- 15% assisted by traditional obstetrician
birth attendant Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
- The survey confirms 42% Assisted during the DELIVERY North South East
of mothers have to walk Family members/friends 33% 31% 26% 30%
more than 1 hour for pre Health professional in the Hospital/health center/unit 34% 48% 37% 41%
and post natal care worst Nobody 11% 12% 21% 14%
in Kapoeta East Traditional birth attendant
COUNTY
21%
100%
10%
100%
16%
100%
15%
100%• The reasons why antenatal care was sought only after the first trimester of pregnancy are; - 33% of mothers not aware of pregnancy - 40% said no doctor around - 28% have other reasons
IYCF
• Knowledge on infant and young
child feeding (IYCF) is very low in
greater Kapoeta. Infant and Young Child Feeding Incidence
• Only 17% of mothers practice
Early initiation of breastfeeding (0-23.9 months) 35%
Early initiation of breastfeeding (0-23.9 months)
exclusive breastfeeding (0-5.9 among women who delivered in health centers 28%
Exclusive breastfeeding (0-5.9 months) 17%
months) Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods (6-8.9
• 53% of mothers don’t initiate early months)
Continued complimentary breastfeeding between
27%
breastfeeding 12-15 months 63%
• Infant and young children are
introduced to solid, semi-solid or
soft food below 6 months. The
report shows only 27% introduce
after 6-8.9 monthsVaccination
• Kapoeta south is better of in term of children vaccination and in
consistent with birth registration
• Kapoeta north the number of children that completes vaccination
keeps on reducing.
• Kapoeta North case is different, birth registration is less to number of
children who receives vaccination. This is because 73% of deliveries
are assisted outside health facility/not registered (see data on assisted delivery).
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
Vaccinations (U3 babies) COUNTY
North South East
% with birth registration 51% 55% 47% 52%
% with any vaccination 51% 56% 42% 51%
% with BCG vaccination for
48% 58% 55% 54%
tuberculosis
% with tetanus vaccination 44% 56% 53% 51%
% vaccinated against measles 37% 48% 45% 44%
% vaccinated against
29% 52% 43% 42%
pneumonia• Fever/Malaria is the Morbidity (U3 years babies)
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
North South East
COUNTY
common causes of Illness in the last 2 weeks
Diarrhoea
31%
20%
27%
5%
23%
14%
27%
13%
sicknesses to 48% of Fever/Malaria 36% 55% 59% 48%
Other 7% 2% 0% 3%
households % who sought medical advice 94% 81% 70% 83%
% who visited PHC 52% 58% 57% 55%
• 42% seeks care from
community health where/whom seek care Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta Kapoeta
South East
COUNTY
worker Community health worker 48% 38% 36% 42%
Primary Health Care Center 21% 23% 14% 20%
Primary Heath Care Unit 31% 35% 43% 35%
Traditional healer 0% 4% 7% 3%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%HYGIENE
• The average number of jerrican of water consumed by household per
day is 5
water consumption Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
North South East
Average of How many jerrycans of water do you and the
people in your house consume per day? 3 7 5 5
• 51% of the jerrican/containers has no tap
Use of container tap Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
North South East
Almost none of the container has a tap 52% 47% 53% 51%
Most of them 23% 26% 22% 24%
Only few of them 10% 7% 14% 10%
Some of them 11% 18% 11% 14%
(blank) 4% 2% 0% 2%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%• 78% of water is consumed without treatment
Do you treament/ purifying of Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
DRINKING water North South East
No 83% 73% 78% 78%
Yes 16% 25% 21% 21%
(blank) 1% 1% 1% 1%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
• The rate at which water is treated is very low 21% majorly through the use
of chlorine 7%, boiling 5% and leaving under sun 6%.
mea ns of dri nki ng wa ter trea tment Ka poeta Ka poeta Ka poeta COUNTY
North South Ea s t
Boi l i ng 5% 5% 5% 5%
Chl ori ne 3% 10% 9% 7%
Fi l tra ti on / Stra i n i t throgh a cl oth 2% 2% 3% 2%
Wa ter fi l ter (cera mi c/s a nd/etc.) 0% 1% 0% 0%
(bl a nk) 84% 75% 79% 79%
Lea ve under the s un 6% 7% 5% 6%
Other mea ns 1% 0% 0% 0%• The use of surface water (river) is very common both in dry and wet season
in Kapoeta East, Kapoeta South and Kapoeta north.
• However, the use of boreholes as source of water is mostly by households
within the towns and very high during dry season.
• whereas during wet season the use of boreholes water reduces and
increases households use of open water sources like Dug well, river, rain
water, ponds, and others.
Source duri ng DRY SEASON Ka poeta Ka poeta Ka poeta COUNTY Source during WET SEASON Ka poeta Ka poeta Ka poeta COUNTY
North South Ea s t North South Ea s t
Pi ped wa ter 1% 1% 3% 2% Piped wa ter 2% 4% 2% 3%
Borehol e 83% 71% 64% 73% Borehole 69% 59% 57% 62%
Dug Wel l 24% 23% 21% 22% Dug Well 17% 10% 11% 13%
Spri ng 2% 2% 1% 2% Spring 2% 4% 5% 4%
Ra i nwa ter col l ecti on 12% 12% 7% 11% Ra inwa ter collection 26% 18% 16% 20%
Surfa ce wa ter (ri ver) 24% 33% 35% 30% Surfa ce wa ter (river) 39% 51% 46% 46%
Surfa ce wa ter (pond) 7% 5% 9% 7% Surfa ce wa ter (pond) 7% 7% 10% 8%
Other 1% 0% 1% 1% Other 1% 0% 0% 0%• There are problems related to use (Kapoeta North), availability (Kapoeta
North, East) and control (Kapoeta South) of water.
• 68% of these problems related to water use are not addressed by anybody.
problem related to the existing water source Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
North South East
No, there are no particular problem 57% 62% 66% 61%
Yes , conflict related to water us e 10% 6% 3% 7%
Yes , other types of problems 2% 0% 1% 1%
Yes , problems related to water availability 20% 14% 16% 17%
Yes , s omebody control acces s to water
s ources and prevent us from us ing it 7% 11% 8% 9%
(blank) 4% 7% 5% 6%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
problems commonly addressed by someone Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
North South East
No 51% 75% 84% 68%
Yes 49% 25% 16% 32%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%• There are few water points close to households, 59% of households don’t have
borehole close.
• 41% of households agree that boreholes are not functioning/broken down
• Most water points don’t have water committee
• 30% of households said women are not involved in water committee though 45%
know women involvement.
borehole closeness to hoseholds Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY water management committee or water user Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
North South East committee North South East COUNTY
No 55% 62% 61% 59% No 50% 55% 55% 53%
Yes 45% 38% 39% 41% Yes 50% 45% 45% 47%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100% COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
pres ence of women in the water as s ociations North South Eas t COUNTY
Yes there are women in the water as s ociation 38% 53% 43% 45%
No there are not women in the water as s ociation 37% 28% 23% 30%
I do not know 26% 19% 34% 25%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%• The common roles of water committee is to;
- Guide people on the hygiene
- Regulate use of water at water point
- Collect payment
• 96% of households have trust on community water committee
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta trust on the Community Water Management Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
Roles of Water Management Committee North South East COUNTY Committee North South East COUNTY
Collect payment 13% 8% 11% 11%
No 3% 2% 8% 4%
Guide people on hygiene 59% 59% 60% 59%
Regulate use of water at water point 26% 34% 27% 29%
Yes 97% 98% 92% 96%
There is no CWMC 1% 0% 2% 1% COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%• 0% of households surveyed received training on safe drinking water
• Only 17% of households have knowledge on the use of toilets
Hygi ene pra ctices Ka poeta Ka poeta Ka poeta COUNTY
North South Ea s t
% who wa s tra i ned on Hygi ene a nd Chol era prevention 49% 52% 45% 49%
% s weep thei r compound da i l y 48% 54% 56% 53%
- a mong thos e who recei ved Hygi ene tra i ni ngs 49% 60% 62% 57%
% who us es s oa p 67% 73% 72% 71%
- a mong thos e who recei ved Hygi ene tra i ni ngs 72% 83% 83% 79%
% of peopl e who wa s hes thei r ha nds regul a rl y 91% 93% 89% 91%
- a mong thos e who recei ved Hygi ene tra i ni ngs 99% 96% 94% 97%
% who wa s h thei r ha nds a t l ea s t twi ce 90% 92% 86% 90%
- a mong thos e who recei ved Hygi ene tra i ni ngs 95% 96% 95% 96%
% who us e toi l ets 3% 16% 19% 12%
- a mong thos e who recei ved Hygi ene tra i ni ngs 5% 21% 26% 17%• In greater Kapoeta, 88% households do not have toilet, they use bush
for defecation with no particular rules, the greater percentage is in
Kapoeta North.
types of toilet used Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
North South East
Bush/None 97% 84% 81% 88%
Public toilet 2% 5% 3% 4%
Private needs some repair/risky state 0% 3% 6% 3%
Private, but shared by more than one HH 1% 8% 9% 6%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%PROTECTION
• Child protection and GBV is a major concern in greater Kapoeta. The most vulnerable
group of people are
- Children. Children from other families, orphans are more vulnerable.
- Women/girls. Widows or women without financial support from any man.
- Elder people who need assistance and cannot get
- Disable persons who need assistance.
• The most county with protection concern for children, elderly and disabled persons is
Kapoeta East
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs by social vulnerability condition COUNTY
North South East
Child(ren) from other families, without mother or father 57% 59% 65% 60%
Elderly who need assistance and/or cannot work 22% 19% 24% 22%
Disable* person(s) who need assistance 10% 11% 13% 11%
Widow or woman without the financial support of any
9% 13% 5% 10%
male• These social vulnerability Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
conditions leads to children % of HHs with family members with mental condition
North South East
COUNTY
withdrawal or consistently With several children withdrawn or consistently sad 23% 22% 19% 22%
sad and felt troubled that Felt so troubled that sought help more than once in the
15% 22% 20% 19%
sought for help. last year
• Increase abuses of children
6-17 years majorly
- Repeated physical abuses % of HHs who repor abuse on children 6 to 17 years over Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
mostly in Kapoeta East the last year
Using abusive words/language
North
23%
South
18%
East
18% 20%
- Sexual abuse (rape, Repeated physical abuse 32% 41% 44% 39%
defilement, and forceful Stigmatized/discriminated due to gender, illness or
disability
7% 11% 10% 9%
sex) more cases in Kapoeta Sexually abused, defiled, raped, forced into sex 26% 29% 26% 27%
South Family separation (run away, chased)/neglected 10% 12% 12% 11%
- Use of abusive words/ Withheld a meal to punish
Child involved in drugs, drinking alcohol, or otherwise
19%
4%
16%
8%
17%
7%
17%
6%
language more in Kapoeta Involved in child labor with a component of exchange of
north money
5% 7% 8% 6%
- Withheld a meal to punish• Greater percentage of these
abuses are not report/ % of HHs by referral paths in case of child abuse or Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
referred to community violence North South East
leaders or police, seek Do nothing, talk to neighbors or the offender 88% 85% 95% 89%
medical or counselling Report it to community leaders 8% 8% 5% 7%
attention.
Report it to police 4% 7% 1% 4%
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
The category of children in % of HHs with vulnerable children
North South East
COUNTY
vulnerability bracket includes; There are no voulnerable children 45% 39% 49% 44%
- Children far from their Orphans 23% 29% 21% 25%
parents Children far from their parents 26% 32% 31% 30%
- Orphans Children forcibly separated from their family members 7% 7% 7% 7%
- Child head of households Children head of household 7% 14% 5% 9%
Children victims of sexual or other severe abuses 0% 5% 9% 4%
- Children forcefully separated Children formerly involved in criminal/war activities 1% 5% 2% 3%
from their family member Special children 4% 3% 1% 3%
- Children victims of sexual or Working Children 3% 0% 1% 1%
other forms of abuses• The most common form Reasons for child vulnerability
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East
COUNTY
of children vulnerability Death of parents
Conflicts
42%
14%
51%
16%
53%
11%
48%
14%
according to their ranks Divorce 10% 14% 11% 12%
are; Need to move of location 16% 17% 18% 17%
Kidnapping 1% 0% 2% 1%
- Death of parents Ignorance 30% 29% 32% 30%
Customs 6% 2% 2% 3%
common in Kapoeta East
and South
- Ignorance/neglect
- Movement to new
location
- Conflict
- Divorce• 87% of households reported GBV threat directed to women/girls in greater Kapoeta.
• High on the agenda are;
- Forced marriages
- Rape
- Physical assault/ beating
- Sexual assault
- Emotion abuse
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs reporting threats to women (and types) COUNTY
North South East
Presence of specific threats to women and girls 88% 86% 87% 87%
Domestic violence 23% 18% 22% 21%
Physical assault / beating 50% 55% 56% 54%
Forced marriage 83% 76% 80% 80%
Rape 63% 59% 55% 59%
Denied resources /opportunities / services 14% 18% 24% 18%
Sexual exploitation 20% 20% 22% 20%
Sexual assault 44% 49% 39% 44%
Psychological / emotional abuse 17% 24% 27% 23%- She burn the food
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs by problem over the last 3 months COUNTY
North South East
If he is too drunk 68% 75% 76% 73%
if she does not respect him 31% 37% 35% 35%
if she argues with him 50% 65% 58% 58%
If she neglects the children 56% 71% 60% 63%
If she goes out without telling him 38% 47% 41% 42%
If she refused to have sex with him 32% 34% 30% 32%
if she burns the food 56% 52% 57% 55%
In no cases is the husband justified in hitting or beating
4% 15% 11% 10%
his wife• Household knowledge on referral mechanism for GBV is limited. 62%
of respondents do not know where to refer GBV cases
Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
Aware of referral mechanism for GBV 32% 41% 37% 37%EDUCATION
• The level of education of
the household surveyed is
despicably, 94% of the
respondents did not receive
education of any level
• 2% reach some years of
higher primary school (P5 to
P7)
• This is one of the indicator
of low level of education
currently in greater Kapoeta
with alarming situation in % of HHs read Arabic or english
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
Kapoeta north. North South
Can read Arabic of Enlgish 11% 18% 22% 17%
• 83% of household members Cannot read Arabic or English 88% 81% 77% 83%
doesn’t know how to read
English or ArabicPrimary Education supply (distance from closest school, grades
Kapoeta Kapoeta
offered, school rehabilitation, closest school not functioning and Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
reason)
% of HHs with a school at less than 30-minute walk 33% 32% 61% 40%
Only P1 to P3 11% 8% 13% 11%
Up to P4 6% 10% 14% 10%
Up to P5 19% 11% 6% 11%
Up to P6 4% 5% 5% 5%
Up to P7 7% 3% 1% 4%
Up to P8 54% 58% 56% 56%
P8 and some secondary 0% 5% 5% 4%
with nursery 62% 52% 43% 51%
Primary Education supply II (school rehabilitation, closest school not Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
functioning and reason) North South
Improvement works made recently in the school 10% 10% 12% 11%
Closer school not operating 25% 29% 17% 25%
reason not operating - no teachers 70% 62% 63% 65%
reasons not operating - school damaged 25% 36% 21% 29%
reason not operating - other reasons 5% 2% 17% 6%• Out of 28% of children (4to Primary Education "demand"
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
9years) enrolled in school, North South
19% of them attend regularly. Children (4 to 9 years) school enrollment 18% 30% 36% 28%
- of which attending regularly 10% 21% 26% 19%
• 37% of adolescents 10 to 15 Adolescents (10 to 15years) school enrollment 16% 33% 37% 29%
years enrolled in school, 21% - of which attending regularly 11% 22% 30% 21%
attend to school regularly.
• The survey further shows, the
children 4-9 years and 10-15
years who attend school
regularly is very high in
Kapoeta East (71 to 81%)
respectively.
• Kapoeta North register low
attendance, missing school
term and whole year is
common.• the existent of PTA is not well known by the households. 68% of
households don’t know whether PTA bodies are in schools.
• 10% of households confirmed the existence of PTA in schools while 23
% said no PTA bodies in schools.
Kapoeta Kapoeta
School with PTA Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
Do not know 67% 71% 64% 68%
No 26% 20% 22% 23%
Yes 7% 9% 14% 10%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%• The common reasons that affect both children 4 to 9 and 10-15 years are; - School is too far - No food in the school - He/she is in the age when to help family at home - Not enough to pay for materials, fees and uniform - The school conditions are too bad - There are not enough teachers • The reason children 10-15 years are not attending school is early pregnancy/ marriage, • Whereas children 4-9 years refusal to go to school
AGRICULTURE
• Agriculture is a common % of HHs
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East
COUNTY
livelihood activity Cultivating land 90% 79% 81% 83%
practiced in all the three Average # of plots of land owned 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8
counties Cultivating all plots owned 85% 86% 94% 87%
• The average number of Given some plots to others to use 2% 0% 0% 1%
plots of land owned by a Not using some plots of land 13% 14% 6% 12%
household is 2 acres less reason for not using some plots of land: not enough human
power
55% 17% 67% 38%
than 30 minutes away Living more than 30 minutes away from the family cultivated
from the family fields
12% 13% 3% 10%
• 87% of the household Number of people contributing to cultivation
3.3 2.7 2.4 2.8
cultivating all plots main reason for not using the plot(s) of land Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
owned of less than 2 North South East
acres No seeds 55% 17% 67% 38%
Other reasons 18% 42% 0% 27%
• 38% are not cultivating Not enough people / human power / no time 27% 25% 0% 23%
some plots because of Too far from home 0% 8% 33% 8%
lack of seed No tools to open the land (ox-plough)
COUNTY
0%
100%
8%
100%
0%
100% 100%
4%79% of the households cultivate less than 1 Ha of private land
• 49% cultivate more than 2 Ha of private land
• This explains why greater Kapoeta is food insecure because people
grow less for their households
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HH COUNTY
North South East
Cultivating less than 1 Ha. of PRIVATE land 81% 79% 78% 79%
Cultivating between 1 and 2 Ha. of PRIVATE land 14% 14% 14% 14%
Cultivating more than 2 Ha. of PRIVATE land 42% 53% 53% 49%
Cultivating both PRIVATE and COMMON land 45% 42% 43% 43%
Cultivating also COMMON LAND of 5 OR MORE FEDDANS 5% 4% 6% 5%
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HH COUNTY
North South East
Less than 1ha of private land without common land 48% 49% 47% 48%
Less than 1ha of private land plus common land 33% 30% 31% 31%
More than 1ha private land without common land 8% 10% 10% 9%
More than 1ha private land with common land 12% 11% 13% 12%• Household
cultivation in private
land has no much
variation in term of
the size, 66%
cultivate less than 1
ha of private land
without common
land yearly. % of HHs Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Cultivating LARGER size of land 29% 25% 22% 26%
Cultivating the SAME size of land 54% 57% 63% 58%
Cultivating SMALLER size of land 16% 18% 15% 17%• The mostly grown crops in private and common land includes - Sorghum long variety most preferred, maize, simsim and sorghum short variety
• Due to small size month crop reserve begin to FINISH y
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East COUNTY
cultivation, food reserves Ja nua ry 30.51% 27.23% 29.29% 28.94%
start to get finished as early Ma rch 12.99% 18.32% 19.29% 16.73%
as January, February and in Februa ry 14.12% 11.52% 15.00% 13.39%
March Aprl i
June
6.78%
9.60%
10.99%
9.42%
7.86%
5.71%
8.66%
8.46%
• By December 73% of Ma y 3.39% 7.33% 9.29% 6.50%
households have no food Jul y 6.21% 4.19% 5.00% 5.12%
reserve Augus t
December
5.65%
5.65%
3.66%
4.19%
5.71%
2.86%
4.92%
4.33%
• the major farming practices November 2.26% 1.57% 0.00% 1.38%
in greater Kapoeta is Septempber
October
1.13%
1.69%
1.05%
0.52%
0.00%
0.00%
0.79%
0.79%
intercropping, mono COUNTY 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
cropping and crop rotation. Davailability of food reserves (bags Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta COUNTY
• Most used cultivation of cereals or other stocks of food North South East
practices are bush you intend to use before the next
clearance before the harvest
beginning of the season, No 71.28% 77.93% 68.92% 73.30%
bush burning for clearance Yes 25.53% 18.92% 30.41% 24.19%
of land (blank) 3.19% 3.15% 0.68% 2.51%
COUNTY 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
• Mulching is the common
Conservation practice and
cover croppingDisregard/unawareness of basic agronomic practices Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Not familiar with any specific planting practice 4% 7% 3% 5%
Not familiar with any specific farming practice 2% 0% 0% 1%
Not familiar with soil & water conservation practice 14% 12% 9% 12%
Familiar with agricultural practices in each of the 3 domains 86% 88% 90% 88%
Burning of bushes for clearing the land
70% 65% 66% 67%
% of HHs by PLANTING PRACTICES Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Intercopping 55% 41% 39% 45%
Crop Rotation 17% 20% 20% 19%
Monocropping 69% 53% 60% 60%
Strip cropping 2% 2% 1% 2%
Relay cropping 2% 5% 4% 4%
None of the above 4% 7% 3% 5%
Fallowing (Leaving part of the land to fallow some seasons) 1% 0% 1% 0%% of HHs by CONSERVATION PRACTICES Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY Terracing 3% 1% 7% 3% Mulching 64% 52% 55% 57% Grassing water ways 9% 7% 9% 8% Cover Cropping 34% 31% 27% 31% Contour Planting 2% 4% 3% 3% None of the above 14% 12% 9% 12% Conservation tillage 4% 1% 5% 3%
• The main source of Reliance on seeds distributed
(source of seeds cultivated) Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
seed is from own stock/
from previous SEEDS - Own stocks 66% 64% 70% 66%
cultivation SEEDS - Purchase
SEEDS - Gifts
18%
6%
26%
5%
17%
8%
21%
6%
• 85% of farmers practice SEEDS - NGOs 23% 16% 22% 20%
traditional system of
farming, they never
received any training in Knowledge on seed variety and productivity Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
crop or vegetable Aware of seeds variety 35% 37% 37% 36%
production. Farmers employing prime quality seeds 29% 36% 34% 33%
• 36% are aware of seed
variety
• 33% of farmers are Typr of irrigation Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
employing quality seeds Only rain 86% 73% 76% 78%
• Rain water is the main small irrigation system working during rain season 1% 0% 1% 1%
source of water for year-around irrigation 13% 27% 24% 21%
crops• Access to agricultural inputs and tools is through buying from local
shop in town and from community members.
• Farmers don’t use advance tools but rely on local tools like hand hoe,
panga, axe,rax
Source of basic agricultural inputs and access to advanced tools for farming Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
Shop in town 69% 71% 69% 70%
From community members 32% 38% 29% 33%
Sellers who pass by 28% 38% 34% 33%
No purchase of inputs or tools/ you produce them by yourself 15% 25% 26% 21%
Making use of advanced tools 20% 10% 11% 14%• Farmers do not % of HHs employing labour beside family members Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
employ labour to No use of labor 44% 39% 44% 42%
work in their gardens Community members, in exchange for food 39% 36% 32% 36%
given the fact that Community members, on a reciprocity basis 21% 15% 18% 18%
they cultivate in small Community members, in exchange for money
Casual Labour (per day)
6%
2%
9%
3%
9%
3%
8%
3%
plot of land. Other people 4% 0% 0% 2%
• Mainly, in case,
community members
who work in
exchange for food or
in reciprocal basis
and their main tasks
are planting,
harvesting and land
ploughing and
preparation• 51% of households do not have capital and have never borrowed
money, the few ones survive through borrowing from friends or
relatives for immediate needs (food, clothes), health (medical
treatment).
• 67% have no access to credit not even local saving groups/association
Access to credit Kapoeta North Kapoeta South Kapoeta East COUNTY
No 63% 68% 69% 67%
From family or friends 34% 27% 26% 29%
From money lender 1% 0% 1% 0%
Other 3% 5% 4% 4%LIVESTOCK
• Cattle is the most reared % of HHs
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East
COUNTY
animal in greater Rearing animals 92% 66% 70% 76%
Kapoeta, out of which Cattle 90.96% 63% 68% 73%
Kapoeta north leads by Sheep/goats
Ducks/Turkeys/Chickens
87.2%
23%
61%
14%
67%
20%
72%
19%
90% of the total cattle in Pigs 0% 0% 0% 0%
the counties of which are vaccinated animal 51% 48% 41% 48%
• The second is sheep/goat
which contributes to 72% Reason for breeding cattle Kapoeta North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta East COUNTY
to the households For marriage 99% 95% 97% 97%
• The reasons for rearing Hous ehold cons umption
Commercial purpos e/for s elling
82%
56%
96%
72%
95%
63%
90%
63%
animals varies but greatly For s aving purpos es 47% 53% 60% 52%
for marriage purpose Draught animals /working purpos es 1% 1% 3% 2%
(97%) and then for
household’s
consumption. % of HHs with livestock Kapoeta North
Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
• 87% of animals are reared
South
Rearing animals in group (kraal) 89% 86% 85% 87%
in groups• 9% of the % of HHs
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
COUNTY
households depend selling livestock as coping strategy
North
16%
South
5%
East
4% 9%
on the sale of already sold animals available 10% 10% 2% 8%
livestock as a coping
strategy.
• 70% of households
sell their livestock to
buyers from local
market who come to
buy it in the area
• The reason for
selling of livestock
to buyers who come
to buy at local
market is they get
best prices• 60% of the household breeds their livestock within the village or between 30 minutes to 1 hour from the village and this is only applicable during raining season • The main problems related to livestock farming in greater Kapoeta is pest and diseases as well as lack of veterinary services
• At least 93% of households reported any death of animals among
which 51% reported death of cow/cattle and 45% are goat/sheep.
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs reporting animal death COUNTY
North South East
Any death of animal 91% 95% 92% 93%
Cattle/Cows 55% 47% 48% 51%
Sheep/Goats 39% 50% 49% 45%
Ducks/Turkeys/Chickens 3% 3% 1% 2%
Others 3% 0% 1% 1%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
Many/very many deaths 43% 46% 46% 45%• 36% of households reported conflict over the use of grazing land
which is more intense in Kapoeta North.
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
% of HHs reporting animal death COUNTY
North South East
Any death of animal 91% 95% 92% 93%
Cattle/Cows 55% 47% 48% 51%
Sheep/Goats 39% 50% 49% 45%
Ducks/Turkeys/Chickens 3% 3% 1% 2%
Others 3% 0% 1% 1%
COUNTY 100% 100% 100% 100%
Many/very many deaths 43% 46% 46% 45%MARKET
• Accessibility of market is much better in Kapoeta South compared to
Kapoeta East and North where people access market 2 or more times
per week. 30% of households access market once per month in
Kapoeta East.
• The average number of hours to reach market is 3 in the three
counties while Kapoeta East is 7 hours.
Kapoeta Kapoeta
ACCESS TO (CONSUMER) MARKETS Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
2 times or more per week 41% 55% 30% 44%
Once every week 31% 28% 17% 26%
Once every 2 weeks 11% 8% 7% 9%
Once per moth 11% 3% 30% 13%
Only few times per year 6% 6% 17% 9%
hours to reach the market 2 2 7 3• The problem related to access to the market is no transport and distance from home (markets are too far) • 66% of people have no money to spent in the market while 56% complains on spike in prices and confusion about prices
• The mean of payment among community members is both money and barter/gift it is more common in Kapoeta south and East
• The survey shows that Main items purhcased (% ofHHs) by categories of
expenses
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta East COUNTY
households spent most of Cereals (Sorghum, maize, rice, wheat, bread) 63% 60% 50% 58%
their money on buying food Oil, fat and butter 34% 44% 36% 38%
items cereals (sorghum, All other food items (salt, coffee, tea, etc.)
Sugar, honey, sweets
19%
12%
25%
22%
24%
15%
23%
17%
maize, rice wheat and Meat, fish, eggs and poultry (beef, goat, pork,
10% 19% 14% 14%
bread) sheep, game)
Vegetables (pumpkins, okra, green leaves etc) 14% 20% 17% 17%
• Monthly average expenses Pulses (Groundnuts, legumes, sesame, beans etc) 6% 12% 9% 9%
on food stuff, none food Milk, yoghurt, cheese 5% 8% 7% 7%
item and services is higher in Soap
Clothing, shoes
49%
30%
50%
37%
47%
36%
49%
35%
Kapoeta south Milling and grinding 12% 22% 19% 18%
Tobacco and Alcohol 56% 51% 47% 52%
• Soap and medical care Medical expenses, health care 29% 40% 35% 35%
expenses are some of the Education, (school fees/uniforms)
Household assets (knives, forks, plates)
3%
14%
9%
18%
6%
9%
6%
14%
common expenditures in Agricultural tools, seeds, Hiring labor 28% 23% 18% 23%
Greater Kapoeta. Celebrations, social events, funerals, weddings 1% 4% 1% 2%
Alive animals (cattle, cow, goat/sheep) 10% 7% 7% 8%
Construction, house repair, House Rent 1% 4% 8% 4%ASSET-ENERGY- TIMEUSED • 86% of the households live in own house but 63% of houses are unsafe/not stable
HUMANITARIAN SUPPORT
• Humanitarian support over the Humanitarian assistance over last year
Kapoeta
North
Kapoeta
South
Kapoeta
East
COUNTY
last year has been food Agricultural inputs i.e. seeds and or toold
Other support
33%
6%
23%
5%
26%
9%
27%
6%
distribution or food in exchange Health /medicines 10% 9% 7% 8%
for work that account to 28% Nutrition (e.g. Blanket supplementary feeding, etc)27% 14% 15% 19%
followed by agricultural inputs Food in the Schools
Veterinary service
9%
6%
2%
9%
3%
8%
5%
8%
like seeds and tools. Food distribution or food in exchange for work 26% 23% 37% 28%
• 22% of households received Non Food Items (kitchen sets, blankets, Khanga)
Cash and or cash in exchange for work
3%
2%
2%
2%
3%
1%
3%
2%
training support from Advise from extension service 2% 6% 1% 4%
humanitarian organization Fishing gear
School fees /uniforms
0%
1%
0%
2%
0%
1%
0%
1%
across all sectors.
Kapoeta Kapoeta Kapoeta
• the greatest support
% of HHs by type of support received COUNTY
North South East
Seeds 65% 76% 71% 70%
households received is Tools 58% 65% 62% 61%
distribution of seeds and tools Training 22% 21% 25% 22%
for agriculture Money / loans
Animals
1%
1%
0%
13%
2%
8%
1%
7%
Other 19% 11% 10% 14%• There is a lot of gap in technical and vocational education and training in greater Kapoeta, little has been done in the area of Adult education, income generation/entrepren eurship trainings.
MIGRATION AND IDP
• Over the last 12 months,
Kapoeta Kapoeta
% and # of HHs by migration status Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
greater Kapoeta has Natives residents (continuously
since birth)
77% 66% 65% 69%
been little bit stable, 69% Returnees (natives forced to leave
temporarily)
11% 5% 5% 7%
of households remained IDP/Relocated
Returnees/IDPs/relocated more
13% 29% 30% 24%
native residents since than 12 months ago
22% 31% 30% 28%
birth. Returned /relocated over the last
12 months: IDP/Returnee HHs
2% 3% 5% 3%
• Kapoeta East has 1037 # of HHs IDP/Returnee* 69 137 173 92
IDP/returnees people # of IDP/Returnee people** 414 822 1,037 552
• The primary reason for
relocation, 42% is
related to family reasons
• and 81% do not return
more permanently is
because of hungerASSOCIATIONS, SOCIAL CAPITAL and LOCAL GOVERNANCE • 87% of households are not involved in any type of association • 6% of households are farmer groups supported by NGO
• Community interaction with local leaders is mostly with Mukungu or Nyampara, 45% of households recorded
• Interaction with local
Kapoeta Kapoeta
Call of public meeting and issues discussed Kapoeta East COUNTY
North South
% of HHs aware of public meeting in the
39% 24% 26% 29%
leaders are done last 3 months
Education 32% 44% 54% 41%
during various Water
Agriculture / farming inputs / Seeds
49%
59%
58%
33%
62%
41%
55%
46%
occasion, but Security
Cattle issues
8%
51%
19%
27%
11%
32%
13%
39%
meetings is the most Employment 1% 12% 5% 6%
common ones. 55% of Others
Land issues
4%
10%
4%
8%
8%
16%
5%
11%
these meetings are
water related.
• 83% of the meetings
are called by local
clan leadersNATURAL RESOURCES RELATED CONFLICTS and GENERAL SAFETY • The most and the common type of dispute is over use of water sources, where 73% of households reported. • Animal raiding contributes to 28% of disputes with high cases in Kapoeta North.
• 39% of these disputes are solved by high level administrative
government (member of county administration).
• Nyampara, sub chief and boma chief contributes the same in disputes
solving
% of HHs by type of leader who helps Kapoeta Kapoeta
Kapoeta East COUNTY
solving disputes North South
High level administrative
government (member of county 35% 44% 36% 39%
administration)
Nyampara 23% 26% 16% 22%
Sub chief - Mukungu 18% 24% 25% 22%
Boma chief 19% 26% 21% 22%
Head Chief 4% 1% 2% 2%
Ancestral Headman - Landlord 1% 0% 4% 1%
Religious leader 1% 6% 5% 4%
Others 0% 0% 0% 0%
Teachers 0% 1% 0% 0%• It is reported that some of the disputes were resolved while 59% of these disputes are not solved at all
• 21% cases of sexual assault and rape is recorded among the problems facing households in Kapoeta north out of 18% total cases in greater Kapoeta.
RECOMMENDATIONS • Improving agricultural outputs through training of farmers especially women who are more engaged in farming, use of modern inputs like tractor and ox-plough. • Increased humanitarian support in greater Kapoeta • Upgrading schools that offers less grader to P.8 • Training on the use and importance of using latrine and keeping drinking water safe • Taking services closer to the community outside urban areas to reduce on long distance to access services in towns • Training of mothers on Infant Young child Feeding • Creating awareness on GBV referral path ways
!!!Thank you!!! Bruno Nazim Baroni bruno.baroni@avsi.org More info on our MEAL work in South Sudan: https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/south-sudan/assessments/organizations/avsi-foundation
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