Tomakomai CCS Demonstration Project in Japan - 2014 International CCS Conference Taipei, Taiwan May 19, 2014 Masanori Abe Japan CCS Co., Ltd. (JCCS)
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Tomakomai CCS Demonstration Project
in Japan
2014 International CCS Conference
Taipei, Taiwan
May 19, 2014
Masanori Abe
Japan CCS Co., Ltd. (JCCS)
2
Contents
Overview of the Tomakomai Demonstration Project
Investigation Works at Tomakomai Site
CO2 Injection System and Monitoring System
Schedule of EPC Period
Information Disclosure
Managing Risks
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
3
Company Profile and Project Framework of JCCS
Company Profile Project Frameworks -Functions of JCCS
Date of Incorporation: May 26, 2008
Ministry of Economy, Trade
Business Description: and Industry (METI)
A comprehensive investigation for and Technical
implementation of CCS Demonstration Cooperation
Projects in Japan Contract
Research
Investment
Capital: 243 mm yen Organizations
Shareholders: 35 companies (Domestic and
Overseas )
11 electric power, 5 engineering, 4 petroleum, JAPAN CCS Private
3 petroleum resource developing, 4 general
Co., Ltd. Companies
Personnel
trading, 2 iron and steel, 2 city gas, 1 chemical, Universities
1 non-ferrous metal and cement, 1 steel pipe,
1 special trading
President: Shoichi Ishii, Senior MD for JAPEX Subcontract
Directors: 6 representing the shareholders’ Execution
industries CCS Relating Companies,
( Domestic and Overseas )
Auditor: Takashi Honjo, Senior MD for RITE
No. of Staff: 50 Execution
Implementation of CCS Demonstration Projects
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Overview of the Tomakomai Demonstration Project
4
Flow Scheme of CCS Demonstration Project
Reservoir : T1 Member of Takinoue Fm.
2,400~3,000m under the seabed
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Overview of the Tomakomai Demonstration Project
5
Overall Schedule of CCS Demonstration Project
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Overview of the Tomakomai Demonstration Project
6
Purpose and Tasks of the Demonstration Project
For CCS commercialization after 2020;
demonstrate overall CCS system from capture to storage,
confirm existing technologies adopted in the system work properly
and efficiently,
demonstrate CCS system is safe and reliable,
confirm effectiveness of site selection guideline by demonstrating no
leakage,
clear up anxiety about earthquakes by the data collected,
• no influence by natural earthquakes on CO2 stored
• not arise perceptible earth tremor by CO2 injection
confirm guidelines for geological models to built and to improve,
prepare technical standards of operation and safety for the project,
disclose project information & data and assist citizens in
understanding CCS,
clarify various tasks to be improved or solved toward
commercialization.
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Investigation Works
7
Outcome from the Investigation Phase of Tomakomai Site
JFY.2009～2011
Evaluation on existing geological data
Reservoir simulation
Site Survey ・Construction of simulation model
・3D seismic survey ・ Long-term simulation of CO2 movement
・Survey wells
Geological evaluation report of
Conceptual design works
the Tomakomai area
・CO2 capture processes （Capture facility）
・CO2 transportation methods
・CO2圧入injection system（Injection facility）
Monitoring program
Basic Plan of CCS
demonstration project at
the Tomakomai area
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Investigation Works
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Investigation Works at Tomakomai Site : JFY.2009～2011
Modeled Area for Moebetsu
Fm. (8 km x 15 km)
Tomakomai
Survey well (CCS‐2)
Survey well (CCS‐1)
3D Seismic
Tokyo （2009）
Hokkaido Is.
Sapporo
3D Seismic
（2010）
Tomakomai
Modeled Area for Takinoue
Fm. (8 km x 12 km)
Tomakomai Area
Copyright 2013 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.
Investigation Works
9
Geological Structure of the Tomakomai Site
Seismic Cross Section in E-W Direction
N-S Section
W E
0 0
Quaternary
0.5 0.5
Mukawa Fm.
Moebestu Fm. Mudstone layer
1.0 1.0
Moebetsu Fm. Moebestu Fm. Sandstone layer
Two-way Time (sec)
Two-way Time (sec)
1.5 Nina Fm. 1.5
E-W Section Biratori + Karumai Fm.
2.0 Fureoi Fm. 2.0
Takinoue Fm. T1-Member
2.5
Takinoue Fm. 2.5
3.0 3.0
Well A
1 Km
3.5 3.5
9
Investigation Works
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Survey Wells: Tomakomai CCS-1 & CCS-2
Tomakomai CCS-1 Tomakomai CCS-2 Section view of Tomakomai CCS-1
苫小牧CCS-1傾斜掘り予実績
Horizontal Displacement (m)
-100 100 300 500 700 900 1,100 1,300 1,500 1,700 1,900
0
20"Casing E(+)/W(-) (m)
200 @200m 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
0
400 計画
-200
実績
600
-400
800 -600
N(+)/S(-) (m)
1,000 -800
1,200 13-3/8"Casing -1,000
@1408m
Vertical Depth(m)
-1,200
1,400
-1,400
1,600
-1,600
1,800
Rig： 48.5m high Rig： 30.2m high KOP : 870m
BUR : 3.0deg/30m
2,000
EOB : 1320m
・For Takinoue Fm. ・For Moebetsu Fm. Hole Angle : 42.07 deg
Actual MD : 3700m
2,200
・Term: Nov. 2010 – Mar. 2011 ・Term: Apr. 2011 – Jul. 2011 Vertical Depth : 3046.89m
9-5/8"Casing Holizontal Displacement : 1757.00m
・Deviated well ・Vertical well 2,400 @2749m Surface : X=‐152,965.378
Y=‐52,024.990
・Drill depth : 3,700m ・Drilled depth : 1,218m 2,600
Target : X= ‐153,856.757
・Vertical depth : 3,047m Y=‐51,277.031
・Horizontal reach : 1,757m 2,800
・Max. inclination : 42° 3,000
7"Liner:3700 m
3,200
3,400
Copyright 2013 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Investigation Works
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Moebetsu Formation : Long-term simulation (1)
（1）3 years after the start of injection; i.e. at the completion of injection
Injection Well
Injection Well 100%
1km
Gas CO2 1km Cap rock
saturation Reservoir
(base case) 50%
PLAN PROFILE
東西断面図 (E-W) 0%
Injection Well
1.5mol/kg
Injection Well
1km
1km Cap rock 1.0mol/kg
Dissolved CO2 Reservoir
(base case)
0.5mol/kg
PLAN PROFILE (E-W) 0mol/kgInvestigation Works
12
Moebetsu Formation : Long-term simulation (2)
（2）20 years after the completion of injection
Injection Well
Injection Well 100%
1km
Gas CO2 1km Cap rock
saturation Reservoir
(base case) 50%
PLAN PROFILE (E-W) 0%
Injection Well
1.5mol/kg
Injection Well
1km
1km Cap rock 1.0mol/kg
Dissolved CO2 Reservoir
(base case)
0.5mol/kg
PLAN PROFILE (E-W) 0mol/kgInvestigation Works
13
Moebetsu Formation : Long-term simulation (3)
（3）1,000 years after the completion of injection
Injection Well
Injection Well 100%
1km
Gas CO2 1km Cap rock
saturation Reservoir
(base case) 50%
PLAN PROFILE (E-W) 0%
Injection Well
1.5mol/kg
Injection Well
1km
1km Cap rock 1.0mol/kg
Dissolved CO2 Reservoir
(base case)
0.5mol/kg
PLAN PROFILE (E-W) 0mol/kgInvestigation Works
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Geological Evaluation on Moebetsu Formation
Survey Well Planned Injection Depth structure map for the
Tomakomai CCS-1 Well
top of the reservoir
The reservoir, a sandstone layer of Lower
Quaternary Moebetsu Formation is
distributed 1,100 to 1,200 m deep below
the seabed.
Porosity and permeability of the reservoir
are 20 to 40% and 9 to 25md, respectively.
The reservoir is covered by an about 200m
thick mudstone layer of the Moebetsu
Formation as a cap rock.
The reservoir has gentle monocline
structure with a NW dip of 1 to 3 degrees
at the planned injection point.
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Investigation Works
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Geological Evaluation on Takinoue Formation
Survey well Planned injection Well
Depth structure map for the
Tomakomai CCS-1 top of the Takinoue Formation
The reservoirs is the T1 Member of the
Takinoue Formation of 2,400 to 3,000 m
deep below the seabed.
Miocene saline aquifer composed of
volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of about
600m thick.
Porosity and permeability of 3 to 19%
and 0.01md to 2.6D, respectively.
Covered by about 1,100m thick Miocene
mudstone layers (Fureoi Formation,
Biratori-Karumai Formation and Nina
Formation) as cap rocks.
Fault
Anticlinal structure with a NNW-SSE
trending axis in a wider range.
Planned injection point penetrates the
north-eastern wing of the anticline with a
NE dip of about 15 degrees.
（C.I.＝50ｍ）
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Injection and Monitoring
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Schematic Cross Section
Injection Well Quaternary sediment
for Moebetsu
Fm. (projected)
Mukawa Fm. (sandstone, mudstone, etc.)
Moebetsu Fm. (Mudstone) Cap rock
Reservoir
Moebetsu Fm. (Sandstone)
Depth in meters (bMSL)
Nina Fm. (Mudstone)
Injection Well for Cap rock
Biratori-Karumai Fm. (Mudstone)
Takinoue Fm.
Fureoi Fm. (Mudstone）
Reservoir
T1 Member of Takinoue Fm. (Volcanic
m Rocks) m
Takinoue Fm. (Mudstone)
m
Landward Seaward
※Cross-sectional view along the trace of the injection well for the Takinoue Formation
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Injection and Monitoring
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Plan View of Injection & Monitoring Systems
High‐sensitivity
Seismograph
Station
Observation well for
Moebetsu Formation
(vertical) 2 Injection wells
(wellhead)
Observation well for
Observation well Takinoue Formation
Tomakomai CCS‐1 (vertical)
(wellhead)
Working area of 3D seismic survey
OBS
OBS OBC (Ocean Bottom Cable): used for 2D seismic survey and
monitoring of micro‐seismicity and natural earthquakes.
OBS (Ocean Bottom Seismometer): used for monitoring of
OBS OBS micro‐seismicity and natural earthquakes.
© Google Image © 2013 DigitalGlobe Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO Image © 2013 TerraMetrics
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Injection and Monitoring
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Conceptual Diagram of Monitoring System
Control Building
Hi-net Data
Observed Signals
(National EQ)
Observed
Observed
Signals
CO2
Signals
CO2
Observed Signals
Observed Signals
Onshore Tomakomai
Observed Signals
Observed Signals
Seismometer CCS-1 Observation Well Observation Well
(Converted to a
Monitoring Well) Moebetsu Fm. Takinoue Fm.
Inj. Well Inj. Well
Takinoue Moebetsu
Fm. Fm.
OBS OBS OBS OBS
Permanent-Type OBC
Moebetsu Fm.
Sandstone Layer
: CO2 Flow Meter
: Pressure & Temperature
Sensor Takinoue Fm.
: 3-Component Seismic Sensor
T1 Member
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.Injection and Monitoring
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Marine Environmental Survey
Marine environment shall be surveyed based on “Act on Prevention of
Marine Pollution and Maritime Disaster” by which geological storage of CO2
under the seabed is regulated.
Marine Environmental Survey Plan
1. Survey Area （Fig）
• At 12 survey points in the Tomakomai
port area
2. Methods of Survey
• Seabed survey by Side-Scan Sonar and
Sub-bottom Profiler
• Current direction and speed survey by
Current Meter
• Sampling of seawater by Water Sampler
for concentration of salt etc. and
plankton observation Survey Area
• Seabed mud survey by Bottom Sampler
• Collection of benthos by Net or Dredge
Unit
• Observation of benthos by divers or ROV
3. Surveys in three stages
• During EPC period
• During demonstration operation
⁻ During CO2 injection Modified from Tomakomai Port Plan
⁻ After CO2 injection
• After demonstration operation
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.20
Schedule in EPC Period of the Tomakomai CCS Project As of Apr. 9, 2014
FY 2016
FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015
Onward
Onshore
Facilities
Engineering Site work
Commissioning Operation
Injection well for
Injection
Drilling
Wells
Takinoue Formation
Injection
Injection well for
Moebetsu Formation Drilling
Observation well converted Installation of
from survey well Retrofitting observation equipment
Observation well for
Onshore
Installation of Baseline Observation
Takinoue Formation Drilling Observation
observation equipment
(Temperature, Pressure, Seismicity)
Observation well for Installation of
Moebetsu Formation Drilling observation equipment
Monitoring System
Onshore seismometer Installation Test Measurement Baseline Observation Observation
(Seismicity)
OBC Installation Test Measurement
Baseline Observation
Offshore
(Seismicity)
OBS Installation Test
Measurement Observation
Offshore 2D seismic survey Baseline survey
Marine environmental survey Baseline surveys (seasonal)
OBC ( Ocean Bottom Cable ) : used for 2D seismic survey and monitoring of micro-seismicity and natural earthquakes.
OBS ( Ocean Bottom Seismometer ) : used for monitoring of micro-seismicity and natural earthquakes.
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.21
Information Disclosure from FY2011 – FY2013
Panel Exhibitions; 67 times in total, in Tomakomai, its 4 neighbor towns & Sapporo.
Small Lecture Meetings; more than 30 times in Tomakomai & all over Japan.
CCS Forum; 3 times in Tomakomai. More than 700 citizens attended in total.
Kids Science Rooms: 10 times in Tomakomai in FY2013
Site Visits and Displays at Environmental Exhibitions are also carried out.
Typical Opinions at the FORUM ① Panel Exhibitions:
will be held frequently in many places with improvement of
contents following progress of the project.
(1) Information Disclosure ② Lecture Meetings:
to be properly, timely and transparently will be continuously held to assist better understanding of CCS
to inform more about CCS (The next lecture meeting will be held in January 2013.)
to respond diligently and faithfully ③ Site Visits:
such as injection wells and construction site will be planned
for better understanding of the demonstration project.
(2) Safety & CO2 Seepage
to consider not only economic Development &
④ Real-time View:
A camera will be installed at the construction site to provide
effect but also safety disclosure of
real-time view of the site, which will be open on the JCCS
to inform risks more in detail monitoring plan homepage.
about CO2 seepage
⑤ Lecture Meetings for Young Generation
(3) Approach to Young Generation Lecture meetings will be continuously held in Tomakomai and
Young generation of the FORUM attendants its surrounding area.
were only small percentage. ⑥ Hands-on Science Rooms for Children
More attractive events for young generation Hands-on science classrooms will be held for school children
should be necessary. to understand global warming and CCS system.
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.22
Managing Risks (1)
Risk: technical or non-technical
Technical Risk: CO2 injectivity and CO2 leakage
Non-technical Risk: Induced Seismicity
➪ Monitoring is important to improve public perception
Risk of CO2 Leakage
From surface facilities; design and construction based on the applicable laws and
regulations
Through wellbore; design and construction in accordance with the Mining Act and the
Mining Safety Act
From reservoir; site selection in accordance with the Marine Pollution Act and the
METI standard
Appropriate site selection can reduce the risk of CO2 leakage:
Appropriate geological structure; shape, fault, tectonics, etc.
Appropriate reservoir characteristics; porosity, permeability, relative permeability,
mechanical strength, thickness, continuity, etc.
Appropriate caprock characteristics; threshold pressure, permeability, mechanical
strength, thickness, continuity, etc.
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.23
Managing Risks (2)
Numerical Modeling
METI standard: in order to geologically assess a CO2 storage project, conceptual
and detailed models should be formulated
Monitoring
Regulated in the Marine Pollution Act: Application must be renewed every 5
years as long as CO2 is stored sub-seabed
At every renewal, it is required to confirm that stored CO2 stays in the reservoir
as previously planned.
In the demonstration plan, monitoring will be carried out in the 3 years injection
period and the following 2 years post injection monitoring period.
Monitoring will be carried out by METI after the demonstration project.
History Matching
METI standard: the reliability of the numerical simulation models used in
estimating CO2 behavior is improved with monitoring data
Copyright 2014 Japan CCS Co., Ltd.24
Thank you for your attention.
http://www.japanccs.com
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