YEARS AND MORE FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT - Singapore Pools
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
YEARS AND MORE FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
3
Contents
12 Foreword
14 Board strokes
16 Preface
18 Call of a nation
38 The Toto Girls
From stuffy to comfy
40 Responsible Gaming
Play it safe
Be responsible
Be a winner in life!
48 Forging ties
40
50 YEARS AND MORE
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
Copyright © 2018 Singapore Pools (Private)
66 Giving since 1968
Limited
Published by:
Singapore Pools (Private) Limited
68 Community Chest
210 Middle Road #01-01 Taking care of the community
Singapore Pools Building
Singapore 188994
Tel: (65) 6216 8168
Website: www.singaporepools.com.sg
First printed in October 2018
70 Sports
The extra spring in her step
ISBN: 978-981-11-9225-8
Bringing The Beautiful Game to the people
Editorial Advisors: Chin Sau Ho, Janet Seow,
John Teo, Tay Boon Khai
Project Manager: Clarissa Ho
Project Coordinators: Carmen Leong, Jesslin Ong,
74 The soul within
Lilian Ng
94
Singapore Pools (Private) Limited
Text and design by Penman LP (penman.sg)
Into the future
Printed in Singapore by Drummond Printing
18
Pte Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this book may
106 Our defining moments
be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
74
or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording 116 Acknowledgement
or otherwise, without prior permission in writing
from the publisher. Every effort has been made to
ensure that the information and facts in this book
are verified and correct at time of printing. But
changes may have occurred since this book went to
print. Singapore Pools (Private) Limited will not be
held liable for any damages, loss, injury or inconve-
niences arising from the content in this book.
12 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 13
Foreword
SINGAPORE POOLS HAS GONE BEYOND grant-making efforts to further support a wide
BEING SINGAPORE’S SOLE LEGAL LOTTERY spectrum of initiatives, ranging from those in the arts
“Singapore Pools has
OPERATOR TO SUPPORTING A WIDE and community development, to health, education,
SPECTRUM OF INITIATIVES, CONTRIBUTING sports and social service. Recently, Singapore Pools
led by example, not only
TOWARDS MANY WORTHY CAUSES. took the lead to develop digital capabilities of charity
organisations with the launch of the iShine Cloud.
The past 50 years have witnessed a meaningful
journey for Singapore Pools. Set up in 1968, it was to
This aims to boost the digital capabilities of charity
organisations so that they, too, can ride on the wave in upholding the ethos
be Singapore’s sole legal lottery operator to create a
safe space for Singaporeans to participate in a game
of digitisation and move towards a Smart Nation.
Meanwhile, as a gaming operator, Singapore Pools
of responsible gaming,
of chance, without being victims of unfair practices.
Over the years, it has also assumed many other
upholds the ethos of responsible gaming. Since 2012,
it has achieved the highest certification under the
but also in fostering the
worthy roles and contributed towards many positive
causes for the community.
World Lottery Association Responsible Gaming
Framework, the best standards in the global lottery
spirit of sharing and
For instance, many of Singapore’s iconic buildings industry. This attests strongly to the company’s best partnerships, making a
positive impact on our
such as National Stadium, Indoor Stadium and efforts in ensuring that its gaming operations meet
Esplanade were made possible through Singapore stringent international responsible gaming standards.
Singapore.”
Pools’ contributions. These, in turn, serve as Singapore Pools has led by example, not only in
platforms for our sports and arts scene to thrive. In upholding the ethos of responsible gaming, but also
addition, Singapore Pools is a major supporter of in fostering the spirit of sharing and partnerships,
nation-wide events that celebrate our multicultural making a positive impact on our Singapore. I look HENG SWEE KEAT,
diversity and Singaporean identity, such as Chingay forward to see much more being done, by our people MINISTER FOR FINANCE
Parade and National Day Parade. and for our people, in the next 50 years and beyond.
In 2004, when Singapore Pools and Singapore Turf
Club were consolidated under Singapore Totalisator Heng Swee Keat
Board, the move allowed them to increase their Minister for Finance, Singapore
14 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 15
Board strokes
FAMILIES WOULD BE DESTROYED, LIVES The logical solution, then, is to create a legal
RUINED AND COMMUNITIES TORN APART IF space and take the fight to the triads. In 1968, the
“Singapore Pools’ operations PEDDLERS OF ILLEGAL GAMBLING WERE
ALLOWED TO THRIVE. THE TRIAD SECRET
government formed Singapore Pools to run legal
gaming, first with Toto and then Singapore Sweep and
complement the clutch of laws SOCIETIES WERE DOING THESE IN THE 1950S 4D. Over the decades, the company introduced Sports
Parliament has introduced
AND 1960S, RIGGING GAMES IN GAMBLING Betting for football and Formula One motor racing.
DENS AND ISLAND-WIDE LOTTERIES. Singapore Pools’ operations complement the
over the last 60 years to
clutch of laws Parliament has introduced over the
These unlawful operations insidiously allowed the last 60 years to counter illegal gambling. The money
counter illegal gambling.” gangs’ various vice activities, especially prostitution
and loan-sharking, to flourish because many people
the company earns from its licensed operations is
then ploughed back to benefit six worthy causes:
were accumulating debts with them. community development, social service, sports,
KOH CHOON HUI, CHAIRMAN I’ve lived through those times and seen the health, arts and education.
damage the triads wrought on the lives of our people, It is a solution that countries around the world have
especially after I became Chairman of Singapore also adopted to counter the activities of bookies.
Children’s Society in 1978. The threat the syndicates pose to society will never
There have always been tough laws to combat illegal go away, and the work Singapore Pools has done over
gambling, but syndicates of these activities are never the last 50 years is even more relevant today and in
deterred because of the large sums of money involved. the future.
With Fifa World Cup, the turnover from Singapore’s The answer has always been to stay a few steps
black market in 2018 alone, according to The Business ahead of the other side, as you will discover in the
Times in June, was US$6.9 billion. story we are telling in this book.
Fortunately, the government recognised very early Our work is never done and will continue for
that people are not going to stop gambling. And if Singapore.
Singapore did not provide a safe place for them to
do so, they are just going to turn to the dangerous Koh Choon Hui
environment of the triads. Chairman, Singapore Pools
16 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 17
Preface
THE LANDSCAPE OF THE LOTTERY discourage local gamblers from patronising overseas
AND SPORTS BETTING INDUSTRY HAS gaming sites.
UNDERGONE SEVERAL DRAMATIC This means we must exploit digital technology
TRANSFORMATIONS SINCE SINGAPORE to meet the expectations of our multi-generational
“Our message on POOLS STARTED OPERATIONS IN 1968. customer base – those who still prefer our traditional
Toto, 4D and Singapore Sweep offerings – and a new
Responsible Gaming From accepting bets manually at Toto booths in
the early days to introducing a computer-automated
tech-savvy generation attracted to online gaming.
Losing them to illegal operators will affect the
and our ability to gaming system for its retail outlets in 1986, it can now social causes supported by Singapore Pools.
encourage problem
be done through computers and mobile phones. We have always upheld the highest standards as a
But our primary task – to divert punters’ money responsible gaming operator and have been certified
gamblers to seek help away from illegal gambling operators to good causes
in Singapore – has never changed. What has changed,
at Level 4 of World Lottery Association Responsible
Gaming Framework. But the environment we operate
must constantly evolve though, is the way we do this because where once the
turf war was largely local, today it is global.
in keeps getting more complex and we must keep
pace.
for us to stay relevant.” Technology and the Internet have enabled faraway,
unlicensed bookies to lure Singaporeans to spend
Our message on Responsible Gaming and our
ability to encourage problem gamblers to seek help
money on their games of chance. They offer a slew of must constantly evolve for us to stay relevant. Our
SEAH CHIN SIONG, CEO games that have blurred the lines between gaming staff also receive regular training to equip them with
and gambling. the latest technology and techniques in helping the
Just like how the chap ji kee lotteries were rigged, community.
the unlicensed bookies use technology to cheat. And This book highlights the key moments of our
complex credit facilities from both legitimate and history, reminding us the genesis of Singapore Pools’
illegitimate sources have compounded the problem work. In remembering and understanding the past, it
for regulators everywhere. will teach us how to move forward in our mission.
Our work has entered a new phase. While the 2014
Remote Gambling Act was enacted to combat these Seah Chin Siong
new challenges, our operations must measure up to CEO, Singapore Pools
Call of a nation STRENGTHENING AND PROTECTING NEWLY-INDEPENDENT SINGAPORE’S MOST IMPORTANT ASSET: ITS PEOPLE
20 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 21
GENESIS OF HOPE
ON 9 AUGUST 1965, UNCERTAINTY SWEPT THE LION CITY WHEN IT WAS
FORCED OUT FROM MERGER WITH MALAYSIA, AFTER ONLY TWO YEARS.
A few months later in December, the National and healthy sports will always receive help and which destroyed many lives.
Development Ministry’s addenda to the encouragement from us,” Minister Othman said In 1966, the government introduced another
President’s address to Parliament included in April 1966. amendment to existing betting laws. It wanted
building a stadium at Kallang. “As a concrete indication of the government’s to raise much-needed money for public welfare
Three months later, Minister for Law and support for sports in Singapore, I’d like to projects through public lotteries, and introduced
National Development Edmund W Barker announce that a public lottery will soon be an amendment to exempt them from duty.
confirmed a 55,000-seat arena would be built organised, the entire proceeds of which will Finance Minister Lim Kim San assured
there. Initial estimates tagged it in the region of be used to help the development of sports and Parliament: “Arrangements are under
$22 million to $25 million. social welfare.” consideration to ensure that all funds will be
The veil was lifted a little more in April 1966 utilised for public projects, such as a national
when Minister for Social Affairs Othman Wok LAW AND ORDER stadium, or for welfare purposes.”
said a sports department was to be added to his Lottery was a lightning rod. When the Some MPs raised a ruckus, claiming that poor
ministry. government tabled three Bills, including people would buy lottery tickets and curtail their
Despite other pressing priorities such as the Betting and Sweepstakes Ordinance expenditure on marketing and food.
rehousing the people from overcrowded squatter (Amendment) in 1960, lawmakers accused the Their argument had little legs to stand on
settlements into low-cost HDB homes, he government of promoting gambling. because illegal operators were still rampant,
promised that sports would get the necessary But the Bills were aimed at tackling illegal taking money from the people to feed the
funding. gambling and lotteries that triad secret societies underworld activities.
Above
“As far as the government is concerned, I ran. Their ill-gotten profits funded the gangs’ “I agree that we should not encourage betting Minister for Social Affairs Othman Wok (pointing at the scale model of the National
Stadium) in April 1966 promised a sports department to be added to his ministry.
should like to give you the assurance that good other illegal activities, especially loan-sharking, or gambling if Members who object to it can22 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 23
Left
The 55,000-seat
National Stadium
was built at a cost of
$50 million, double
the initial estimate.
assure me that even without allowing betting or “From schools and institutions
gambling under control in Singapore, our people
would not gamble at all, and that the 20,000 or of higher learning will come
30,000 housewives would not feel sorry or would the citizens of tomorrow,
not buy tickets from across the Causeway,” the imbued not only with academic
Finance Minister retorted.
“Human nature is such that even if we do not and professional learning,
allow gambling, a large amount of money will be but also with team spirit and
spent on gambling – and illegal gambling at that social values that only sporting
– which will encourage gangsterism, protection
rackets and all sorts of crimes.” endeavour can foster.”
On 7 December 1966 – four days before the OTHMAN WOK
MINISTER FOR SOCIAL AFFAIRS
first big draw that offered a top purse of $350,000
– Minister Othman officiated the sinking of
the first pile at Kallang to build the National But the Singapore Sweep gambit to raise
Stadium. The price tag had grown to $50 million, gaming money for causes in the country faced
double the initial estimate nine months earlier. an immediate challenge two months after the
But all had their eyes fixed on the big prize and first draw.
the Minister was upbeat. He said: “Young and In February 1967, Malaysia revealed plans to
growing people must have facilities to develop introduce football pools betting. Six months
their bodies and minds. later, the Kuala Lumpur government set up
“Sports, therefore, must be an essential feature Sports Pools in partnership with London-based
of our national way of life. We are convinced Vernon Pools before the start of the new English
that through sports, we can produce the brand football season.
of citizens who can give their best to the fellow It presented a poser for Singapore. Football
beings and society.” fans in the city-state had been mailing their24 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 25
management services agreement with Bulgaria At the end of 1968, the Finance Ministry
to provide specialists to manage and run it. reported that total proceeds from Singapore
In the weekly draws, stakes would start from Turf Club (STC) after 15 Singapore Sweep draws,
50 cents, with prize monies running into the conducted every six weeks since 1966, was $5.8
thousands of dollars. Net proceeds would fund million.
the construction of the National Stadium and In contrast, the government-owned Singapore
other sports facilities. It would also be utilised to Pools was pulling in an average of $100,000
Above and facing page punts on British football directly to London, and fans and looking for a little flutter. benefit Singaporeans. a week, running only one game, after setting
Illegal operators were still
rampant, running games with a shop across the Causeway, more punters Legal or not, people would continue to punt on “In legalising this form of betting, the aside an equivalent amount for prizes. The total
such as chap ji kee. The
would be drawn to it. any game, and the more popular ones were those government is fully aware that illegal operators proceeds, less prize monies, after six months was
government passed Bills
aimed at tackling illegal That prompted a lawmaker to ask newly- based on numbers, which were easy to play. And “I do not think we can of gambling like chap ji kee, where operators about $2.5 million.
gambling and lotteries that
triad secret societies ran. minted Finance Minister Goh Keng Swee in the maths was simple – in allowing them to afford to see large sums filch the public, are existing,” the Finance Still, some lawmakers felt funds for the
December 1967 if Singapore would open its do so openly without breaching laws, it would of our money flowing Ministry emphasised. construction of the National Stadium and social
doors to Vernon or other British operators. divert cash away from the triads to a pools fund “It is necessary to recognise the existence of welfare programmes should come from the
“I do not think we can afford to see large for the community. out of the country.” gambling and to place it on a legal footing so national Budget. But it was ill-timed.
sums of our money flowing out of the country,” But betting on British football matches was a LIM CHENG LOCK that those who by nature are inclined towards In January 1969, Britain announced the
bemoaned MP Lim Cheng Lock. harder proposition for ordinary folk. They had to MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT betting can do so without breaking the law.” complete withdrawal of its military forces – four
(1968-1970)
The Finance Minister responded that he was at least follow the progress of teams, and in 1968, The following month, Vladimir L Popov, years earlier than planned.
considering two organisations to provide the this game did not meet the needs of the time. director-general of Bulgarian Sport Totaliser, The government introduced mandatory
know-how and management to run football Instead, Dr Goh’s Ministry of Finance led his team of seven specialists to help the National Service in 1967 to speed up the build-
pools in Singapore. But the game was not announced in April 1968 that the government government set up Singapore Pools, with a staff up of a credible-size conscript army that would
universal and would exclude those who were not was introducing pools betting and had signed a of 100 locals. be operational by 1975. This now had to be26 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 27
Below
For the inaugural draw at the Victoria Theatre on
9 June 1968, a total of $280,000 in stake money
was raised, half of which was set aside as prizes.
Below
Singapore Pools, owned by
the Ministry of Finance,
was incorporated under
the Companies Act 1967.
fast-tracked. Beefing up the slips. If there were no winners for the top prizes,
Singapore Armed Forces was the amount was then snowballed into the next
an urgent need. It affected the draw, offering winners a bigger minimum cash
entire financial policy of the payout.
government, and money was For the inaugural draw at the Victoria
needed – fast. Theatre on 9 June 1968, a total of $280,000
It meant only one thing: (more than $1 million in today’s value) in stake
Singapore Pools had to money was raised, half of which was set aside
answer the call of a nation as prizes. Singapore’s top athletes drew the
and perform its National winning numbers that day, putting a face to
Service. the government’s move in introducing the only
Vladimir and his team legalised form of public lottery in the country in
introduced Toto, a game that was similar to order to get funding for sports.
British Bingo or Lotto, which was the rage in
Europe at the time. On a coupon with boxes CHAMPIONS
numbered 1 to 49, a punter would choose six Among them were Singapore’s first Olympic
numbers for just 50 cents. winner, weightlifter Tan Howe Liang who won
Each week, 49 numbered balls were placed silver at the 1960 Rome Games; badminton great
into a caged, spinning sphere. Six balls, one at a and multiple All England champion Wong Peng
time, were drawn, plus an additional seventh. Soon; and another badminton star, Ong Poh
Winners were placed in five groups. Those Lim. Both Peng Soon and Poh Lim had also won
who correctly picked the six numbers were the Thomas Cup several times.
placed in the first batch and shared the top prize, Swimming sensation Patricia Chan, football
followed by punters who got five numbers plus legend “Pop” Lim Yong Liang, national water-
the additional number. Cash prizes were also polo player Neo Chwee Kok, and high-jump
awarded to five (without additional number), champion Cheong Wai Hing completed the
four and three correct numbers, forming the last list. Beamed live over television, they reminded
three groups. Singaporeans that Toto was collecting money to
The maximum cash payout in the early days raise funds for sports and worthy causes.
was fixed at $500,000. But the total available The winning numbers for the first draw were
prize money depended on the sale of betting 42, 11, 43, 28, 36, 39 plus the additional number28 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 29
9. There were 6,000 winners but none was but the government cannot force anyone
able to pick all six or five-plus-one numbers to do so. Toto prevented those who wanted
correctly. Since there’s no top prize winner, two new management was slated for to wager a little from being exploited and
punters who got five numbers right shared the February the following year. “After that, there defrauded by illegal gambling operators.
third prize of $27, 840. will be a Sweep draw each month. There will also
Sports, National Stadium and Singapore’s be slight changes in the prize structure,” he said. Singapore Pools’ mission was
social welfare projects were the biggest winners Besides increasing the frequency of the draw,
that night. They had $140,000 (about $0.5 the first prize money was boosted by $50,000 clear from the start: It did not
million in today’s value) in the kitty – half of the to $400,000. Part of the funds the government come into being as a business for
stake money from punters. collected from the previous management was the sake of making profits, but to
Another winner was the military. Almost a used to build the $250,000 Social Service Centre
thousand paying guests thronged the Victoria at Penang Lane. The objective of the Sweep was benefit the community, especially
Theatre to watch the first draw, and all proceeds the same as Toto – National Stadium, sports, those who are in need of help.
went to National Defence Fund to support the and needy community causes. Toto, Singapore Sweep and other
build-up of Singapore Armed Forces. If there were any cynicism about Singapore
The Toto draws had an average turnover of Pools’ raison d’être, the government had ample gaming products were just means
$270,000 per week, which was extraordinary ammunition in its arsenal to keep its critics at to this end.
for a population of just over 2 million in 1968. bay.
One thing was clear: As masters of this venture, It had on hand the British Royal Commission The company’s first charitable cause arrived on
Singapore Pools had the luxury of deciding what on Betting, Lotteries and Gaming 1949-1951 15 December 1969, following the biggest flood to
game, and how, when and where it was played. report that said, “So long as these (gambling hit Singapore in 35 years. Farms were destroyed,
Its then took over the running of the facilities) are in private hands, it would be and Singapore Pools answered the call for aid
Singapore Sweep, as decided by the Ministry impossible entirely to prevent fraud, exploitation and donated $11,000 to a general relief fund the
of Finance. Under the management of STC, and inducements to gambling. Ministry of Social Affairs had set up to help the
the draw was conducted every six to eight “If that is the case, so long as there is private affected farmers.
weeks when it had race meetings. Placing it illegal gambling, it is very difficult to control By 1972, sales of Singapore Sweep tickets was
under Singapore Pools’ control would reduce the exploitations, fraud and inducements to averaging $1.12 million (today’s value of about
Above
management expenses – monies that could be gambling. To that extent, placing gambling $4 million) a month. The number of booths had Draws were staged at
put to better use. under control could prevent fraud and also climbed to more than 200. selected shopping centres,
often accompanied by
In December 1968, Singapore Pools Chairman exploitation.” Raising funds from its gaming operations for ‘live’ music. The above
draw was at Singapore
S Thiruchelvam announced the first draw under And Toto did just that. People will gamble social causes was the easy part for Singapore Pools’ then-headquarters
at Colombo Court.30 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 31
Facing page
Singapore Pools
drew punters
towards a legal
and safe gaming
environment.
Pools’ mission. The difficult half of its mission followed by 4D lottery and card games with you can find in the world because to leave China
was the war on illegal gambling operators. unlicensed outlets, and then Toto and Singapore was to gamble. Everywhere they went, they
Despite the government declaring open season Sweep. gambled. Which would you have: an honest
on them in 1960 after assuming power, the If fines slapped on convicted illegal gamblers government (operation), Toto, or a dishonest
illegal gambling operators continued to thrive. in 1970, totalling over $400,000, were any chap ji kee?”
With many operating from the backrooms of indication, illegal gambling could not be wiped Singapore Pools was equipped with the means
neighbourhood stores and coffeeshops, they had out completely. No one was under any illusion it to offer affordable games with bigger cash prizes,
people hooked on chap ji kee, which was a scam. was possible. For each illegal operation that the but as the authorities were looking over their
Their runners accepted bets as low as 10 cents police swooped in on, more would pop up. shoulders, it had to undergo stringent vetting.
and baited punters, often housewives, with The option, then, was to improve and expand The only significant change came in 1979, when
credit lines that were lumped together with their the safe environment for people to wage bets, the top prize for Singapore Sweep was raised by
marketing bills. When small-time punters did and this war for their money was going to be $100,000 to $500,000.
not win anything, they had to cut back on daily a long-drawn affair. Together with Singapore In April 1981, Toto introduced the super
marketing provisions. Pools, the authorities became more effective in jackpot that did away with the $200,000
For the bigger syndicates, credit facilities eradicating illegal gambling – the police were snowball cap for the top prize. The Singapore
for bigger gamblers oiled their loan-sharking shutting down illegal activities while the gaming Sweep followed with an increase for its first prize
operations, which kept expanding. company drew punters towards a legal and safe by another $100,000 that August.
By 1973, illegal gambling was financing the gaming environment. The battle to draw punters away from illegal
unlawful activities of triad secret societies to the In 1977, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew said in syndicates was on.
tune of $100 million a year. This was money that, Parliament: Casting his eyes back to the battle with illegal
if earned legally, could have benefited society. gambling, Singapore Pools Chairman Koh
But it was too big for the underworld syndicates “If you do not run the Big Sweep Choon Hui remembers how triad secret societies
to abandon despite police raids sending many of carried guns and bribed their way out of arrests.
them to jail. More than 300 gamblers a month and Toto, the chap ji kee man, He has witnessed how families were ruined from
were also arrested at that time. who has always swindled the the activities of the syndicates.
A random survey by afternoon daily New people of their money, is still there. “Fifty years ago, there were all sorts of
Nation that year in Chinatown, Serangoon gambling going on in the private illegal space,
Road and MacPherson Estate found that 95 per and it was common to see people grouping on
cent of housewives had indulged in games of “It is the history of Singapore. The Chinese roadsides for this. It was rampant and the reality
chance. Chap ji kee was the most common game, who travelled overseas are the biggest gamblers of the situation,” says Choon Hui, who is also32 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 33
Left
Early Singapore
Sweep draws
were held at
various venues.
In February 1985,
Singapore Pools
raised the prize to
$1 million.
Chairman of Singapore Children’s Society. into the hundreds of millions of dollars in the
“Illegal gambling was associated with triad 1980s. Although the Criminal Investigation
activities such as prostitution and gangsterism, Department and Corrupt Practices Investigation
and the gangsters often carried firearms. So, it Bureau smashed the biggest chap ji kee
was important to have gambling regulated and syndicates in 1968, smaller operations continued
provide a safe place for those who wanted a little to thrive.
flutter.” The new year in 1986 dealt the triad’s
In a series of events in 1985, the authorities gaming operations a body blow. In Parliament,
made known of its intention to escalate the lawmakers approved amendments to the Betting,
battle against bookies. the Common Gaming Houses and the Road
In February that year, Singapore Pools – Vehicles (Special Powers) Bills. They gave police
which became a subsidiary of the government’s the power to crack down on illegal gambling and
investment arm, Temasek Holdings, a few years confiscate any vehicles used in such activities.
earlier in 1980 – raised the Singapore Sweep
prize to $1 million. Ticket price was doubled SERIOUS BUSINESS
to $2 but still sold like hotcakes. Seven months Hefty fines between $20,000 and $200,000 as
later, the second and third prizes received a well as mandatory imprisonment of up to five
$100,000 boost to $400,000 and $200,000, years were introduced for those caught running
respectively. The fourth prize also swelled by betting houses and information centres. Punters
$25,000 to $75,000. who did business with them faced up to $5,000
The gaming operator also announced a fine and six months’ imprisonment.
$7 million computerisation of its Toto Singaporeans welcomed the new laws as
operations from 1986 and the introduction of syndicates had become so bold, they were
4D. Complementing the STC four-digit game, operating from HDB residential areas, at
computers would generate the numbers instead coffeeshops and hawker centres. During the
of riding on the results of horse races. weekends, many of these places turned into mini
The computerisation, which improved the turf clubs, with unsavoury individuals gathering
fairness of the draws, and the wider range by the hundreds as money changed hands.
of legal betting games forced bookies to lure On the heels of police crackdowns, Singapore
customers with discounts on bets and larger Pools rolled out its computerised electronic
credit facilities. If they felt pressure piling on system for Toto and 4D in May 1986.
their operations, worse was to come. Unlike the manual system, a punter marked
Revenues from unauthorised gaming ran the numbers he wanted on a ticket, which was34 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 35
then fed into an online terminal connected move to the heartlands. Struggling retailers,
directly to Singapore Pools’ main computer. such as photo studios, tailors and grocery
The process took less than a second and stores, took up the offer to sell Toto and 4D, and
reduced queues significantly. Punters could also enjoyed a surge in their businesses. As Singapore
place Toto and 4D bets at one go because the Pools agents, they earned commissions at
system was able to take as many as five different an average of about $2,000 a month, more if
games. winning tickets originated from their outlets.
One feature that the computerisation Many punters who placed bets with them also
introduced for Toto was Quick Pick, which bought their wares. The landscape had changed
became an instant hit. The system randomly for many, as Chairman Choon Hui points out:
churned out numbers for punters who were
undecided on what to pick. The Quick Pick was “Singapore Pools has been
also available for the 4D game.
In 1989, Singapore Pools introduced System playing an important role to
Bet, which allowed retailers to sell the entire help transform society and
combination of any given four numbers to the environment, but more
customers.
But what cut the legs off bookies was Singapore importantly kept unlicensed
Pools’ decision to invite neighbourhood grocery syndicates under control.”
stores, retailers and supermarkets to be among
their 150 agents. It was phasing out the iconic Keeping punters to wager on games Singapore
Toto booths and going right into the main turfs Pools offered was a continuous effort.
of bookies in the heartlands. Since the 1970s, bookies had been taking bets
With hefty fines and jail terms, punters on local and regional football matches. They
decided to play safe and go legal with the fixed the outcomes of many of these games and
government’s operator. As a result, the their operations grew. But they moved into full
unsavoury activities of bookies were drastically gear in the 1990s.
reduced. Syndicates on both sides of the Causeway
Where residents once feared for their family’s began spreading their tentacles in English and
safety in the midst of gamblers gathering in their European football, their schemes aided by the
neighbourhoods on weekends, peace returned. advent of the Internet.
There was another upside to Singapore Pools’ Recalling the period, Tay Boon Khai, who is
Right
Singapore Pools’
decision to invite
neighbourhood grocery
stores, retailers and
supermarkets to be
among their 150 agents
affected the operations
of illegal bookies.36 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 37
“Singapore Pools has been a member of World Lottery Association
(WLA) since it was founded in 1999, and counts among the
Association’s most esteemed members. It is highly regarded in the world
lottery community for its commitment to responsible gaming and for
its commitment to the security and integrity of their operations. Its
contribution to the world lottery community has been outstanding.”
JEAN-LUC MONER-BANET, PRESIDENT OF WORLD LOTTERY ASSOCIATION
now Senior Director of Responsible Gaming legal gaming industry peaked to about $5 billion “Will we do well against the
and Compliance, says bookies were quick to a year. In 2002, Singapore Pools started offering
adapt to changing landscapes. “It is a continuous odds on international football fixtures, especially illegals? This question is
calibration exercise, a balancing act, for the English leagues. Two years later, it also took always being asked of us.
Singapore Pools. For 4D and Toto, we did quite over STC’s betting outlets. In 2008, the Formula It’s an ongoing battle.”
well in mitigating against the illegals since we One motor racing joined the list.
TAY BOON KHAI
started lottery operations in 1968.” When the Internet became the rage for SENIOR DIRECTOR OF RESPONSIBLE GAMING
The company in 1996 raised the Singapore punters, Singapore Pools answered with AND COMPLIANCE
Sweep prize to $1.5 million and eight years PoolzConnect, a telephone betting service in
later, to $2 million. In 2000, it began the annual 2005 and SportsBuzz@POMO, an entertainment At the end of the 2017 financial year, Singapore
Hongbao Chinese New Year Toto draw with a venue that offered ‘live’ sports betting, in 2006. Pools generated a total revenue of $7.19 billion.
top prize of $10 million. Bookies were losing out, It was renamed as Livewire in 2013. After paying cash prizes, tax and commission, its
especially after Singapore Pools opened 50 more By the end of the 2016-2017 financial year, $531 million surplus made up about half of Tote
outlets that same year. Singaporeans were betting $7.2 billion on Toto, Board’s $1.18 billion income.
On top of accessibility, the gaming company 4D and sports through Singapore Pools and For the same year, Tote Board gave out
also widened its range of betting products. It STC. In 2014, the government passed the Remote $418 million in grants to various community
started offering odds for bets on the national Gambling Bill, criminalising all forms of online programmes, with sports and social services
football competition, S-League, in 1998. It came gambling, but granted Singapore Pools an receiving the lion’s share.
two years after it helped to fund and help kick- exemption two years later. There is no two ways about Singapore Pools’
start the championship. Clubs in the league Boon Khai says: “When we were permitted primary role: To counter illegal gambling,
then applied to collaborate as operator’s agents. to operate as an Exempt Operator under the provide a safe environment for punters to engage
That was the start of Singapore Pools foray Remote Gambling Act, we did even better in in a little flutter, and channel their money
into sports betting. By the end of the 1990s, the helping reduce illegal online betting activities.” towards sports and community.38 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 39
THE TOTO GIRLS
Then From stuffy
to comfy
The iconic Toto booths mushrooming all
over Singapore in the 1960s and 1970s
were hot and stuffy. But that didn’t stop
Susan Nalayanee, Molly Koh and Tay Sui
Lan from manning the booths from 8am
to 4pm each day.
Affectionately referred to as the Toto
Girls, the trio were among the first retail
employees hired by Singapore Pools. They
have witnessed the transformation of the
booths as well as the betting system over
the decades.
Today, Susan, Molly and Sui Lan
are still Toto Girls – but in modern,
Now comfortable and hi-tech retail outlets.
Susan set up shop in Paya Lebar after the
makeshift booths were shuttered in the
1980s. Molly is still a retailer in Jurong
East and Sui Lan in Collyer Quay. And
these Toto Girls have no immediate plans
to retire.RESPONSIBLE GAMING
Play it safe means. Therefore, safeguards like low
Most Singaporeans who play minimum bet amounts and a conservative
lottery and sports betting games range of sports bets also help prevent
1
do so in the spirit of fun and social
recreation. They spend a small sum
GROUP 1 PRIZE Singapore Pools’ customers from falling
into the trap of excessive and irresponsible
of money on a few betting slips, play.
hoping that Lady Luck would shine
on them.
As the sole legal lottery operator
in the country, Singapore Pools
$ By making continuous improvements
to its business operations, Singapore Pools
has demonstrated its commitment to
providing a safe and responsible service
is dedicated to protecting its of the highest quality. Being awarded the
customers. Its mission: to be a world- WLA RG Level 4 certification – the highest
class responsible gaming company global standard in the gaming industry
that ensures a fair and safe gambling – in 2012 and 2015 is testament to the
experience. Take part in the
“Responsible Gaming Week”
Contest to win prizes. Contest details
organisation’s promise to its customers.
The organisation adopts the World Singapore Pools also regularly
at www.singaporepools.com.sg.
MILLION
Closing date: 6 June 2008.
Lottery Association’s Responsible works with government agencies and
Gaming (WLA RG) Framework non-profit organisations to raise the
to benchmark its practices. The public’s awareness of a safe gaming
Responsible Gaming Code of Right environment. Since 2009, Responsible
Coin_pools.indd 1 5/29/08 4:24:13 PM
CURRENT DRAW
Product-related Left
Conduct, implemented in 2005 posters are Play Responsibly Gaming Ambassadors from Montfort
and reviewed annually, ensures communicated messages are Care-YAH! have conducted outreach
factually without prominently displayed
that training, product design, sales, enticements. at retail outlets. activities at Singapore Pools’ outlets as
distribution and player education part of a collaborative effort between
activities are carried out in a socially Singapore Pools and the Ministry of Social
responsible manner. and Family Development’s Responsible
For those who bet frequently, the Gaming Forum.
adrenaline of winning can drive
the temptation to play beyond theirRESPONSIBLE GAMING
Be responsible
In maintaining a safe environment for
punters, Singapore Pools’ Responsible
Gaming (RG) Ambassadors help to
increase awareness on the importance
of playing responsibly and spending
within one’s means.
These ambassadors, along with
their standee sidekick affectionately
called the RG Man, reach out to
customers and reinforce the message
of responsible gaming.
The message includes reminders
such as the prohibition of anyone
younger than 18 from placing bets or
claiming winning ticket prizes, and
safeguards such as setting an account
Be a winner in life!
holder’s funding and expenditure A windfall can disappear quickly if it is not managed wisely. 3. To seek advice from qualified financial advisers to plan
limit. To help customers who claim prizes of more than $100,000, ahead for their financial needs, such as post-retirement
In September 2018, Singapore Pools Singapore Pools has always offered them practical advice on income and children’s educational expenses.
took a step further by launching how to preserve and grow their winnings. 4. To invest wisely as there are limitations and potential
a mobile app that can also help In 2010, in partnership with the Monetary Authority of risks for different types of savings plans and investment
customers track their expenses. Singapore’s MoneySENSE – a financial education scheme for instruments.
Singaporeans – Singapore Pools rolled out a new programme, With Care for Winners, Singapore Pools’ goal is to help
Care for Winners. prize winners become winners in life, too, through the good
Under this new plan, Singapore Pools staff meet with management of their winnings.
winners to offer them financial planning and responsible Tay Boon Khai, Senior Director of Responsible Gaming
gaming tips to help make their windfall a positive experience. and Compliance, says: “We see it as our duty to educate our
Among these are: customers on responsible gaming practices and, for those who
1. To pay off outstanding loans, especially those that incur win, to manage their prize money wisely with the practical
the highest interest charges, and become debt-free. financial tips our programme partner, MoneySENSE, offers.”
2. Avoid drastic lifestyle changes and spending excessively.RESPONSIBLE GAMING
1980s-1990s
The
Singapore
Sweep
over
“In 1968, the government formed Singapore
Pools to run legal gaming. The money the
the
company earns from its licensed operations
is then ploughed back to benefit six worthy
years causes: community development, social
service, sports, health, arts and education.”
1960s-1970s KOH CHOON HUI, CHAIRMANRESPONSIBLE GAMING
2015-2017
2004
“It is necessary to recognise
the existence of gambling and
to place it on a legal footing so
that those who by nature are
inclined towards betting can do
so without breaking the law.”
MINISTRY OF FINANCE
2010sForging ties THE COMMUNITY IS AT THE HEART OF SINGAPORE POOLS’ OPERATIONS – A PARTNERSHIP THAT BENEFITS THE NATION
50 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 51
MAKING OF A BRAND
WHEN RICHARD TAN JOINED THE SINGAPORE POOLS’ CUSTOMER ACQUISITION
UNIT IN 2008, HE WAS SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT THE COMPANY HAD BEEN
FUNNELLING ITS SURPLUSES DIRECTLY TO THE COMMUNITY SINCE 1968, AND
THROUGH TOTE BOARD SINCE 2004.
“I was asking myself, ‘Singapore Pools is giving illegal betting games. If we fail, the community
a lot of money to the community, but are people would lose out because it wouldn’t have money
taking notice of this?’” he recalls. for its social causes.”
Richard wanted to increase the general Tay Boon Khai, Senior Director of Responsible
public’s awareness of Singapore Pools’ role as Gaming and Compliance, says new employees
the provider of funds for worthy causes, so he are told they are indeed working for a betting
changed the way he described the company. company that offers lottery and sports betting
“My reply to anyone who says I work for a 4D products.
company is ‘we are one of Singapore’s biggest
community partners’.” PUT TO GOOD
“We know what we do and don’t pretend “If we all can agree that gambling has existed
otherwise,” says Singapore Pools CEO Seah since time immemorial and it will not go away,
Chin Siong. we would then be in alignment that what
“In setting up the company 50 years ago, the Singapore Pools is doing is the most pragmatic
government was clear that our existence was and responsible way to provide a legal channel
necessary to divert money that was going into for those who want to indulge in a little flutter,
the triads’ coffers through illegal gambling, and that every cent of our surplus is being put to
and give it back to the community through our good,” says Boon Khai.
gaming products. From the get-go, Singapore Pools pulled out
“Our operations have to run smoothly, we all the stops to accomplish its twin goals of
Above
have to deliver on time, and we have to be thwarting illegal bookies and contributing to Senior Director of Responsible
Gaming and Compliance Tay Boon
innovative so that the people would not turn to social causes. Since its founding 50 years ago, Khai at an outing with beneficiaries.52 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 53
the company has contributed all its surpluses,
totaling $7.1 billion, to the arts, community
development, social service, education, health and
sports.
Out of this, $5.8 billion was channelled through
Tote Board when Singapore Pools became a
subsidiary of the statutory board in 2004. This
includes paying for the operational costs of
running the Community Chest and $25 million
for the Singapore50 Seniors Package during
Singapore’s Golden Jubilee in 2015.
“About 30 per cent of our revenue is given
back to the community as betting duties and
surpluses,” says John Teo, the company’s Chief
Financial Officer from 2002 to 2017. “The rest is
paid out as prizes for all our games, and less than
3 per cent goes to our company’s operational
expenses.”
John, who is now Chief Risk Officer, adds that
Singapore Pools has kept true to its mission for
the community and this commitment has grown
over the years.
The company’s role in boosting the
construction of Singapore’s infrastructure started
with raising $14.5 million, through the proceeds
of Singapore Sweep and Toto between 1968 and
1976, to build the National Stadium.
Some of the other iconic landmarks that
received funding from Singapore Pools include
Indoor Stadium, Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay,
and National Gallery of Singapore.
The National Stadium story stretches back to
June 1963, when Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew
Left
Singapore Pools, through Tote
Board, contributed $432 million
to rebuild the former Supreme
Court and City Hall into
National Gallery Singapore.54 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 55
Choon Hui adds: “Behind the scene of this
process, Singapore Pools played a big social role
to bring this to reality.”
The company also gave $400,000 in grants to
Singapore Sports Council (now known as Sport
Singapore) when it started operations in 1971 to
help raise the standard of local sports.
That was the shot in the arm the sports
fraternity needed.
Singapore hosted the seventh South East
Asia Peninsula (SEAP) Games for the first time
from 1 to 8 September 1973, two months after
National Stadium was officially opened.
Proud of what was the most modern sporting
facility in the region, Singapore athletes gave
their best performance since the first SEAP
said the government was committed to building Games in 1959. They raked in a record haul of
it to give sports a leg up. And apart from raising 140 medals, including 45 gold.
a robust and rugged society, there was another But there was one big-ticket item left on
reason sports was given a lot of attention: Since Singapore Pools’ plate to round off what the
taking charge in 1959, PM Lee and his team sports fraternity was in dire need of: Singapore
saw it as a catalyst to unify a nation made up of Indoor Stadium. In December 1989, the
diverse races of immigrant stock. 12,000-seater arena opened. Its cost of $90
So they embarked on a Sports For All million was shared equally between Singapore
programme. Pools and Singapore Turf Club.
Facilities such as stadiums were therefore Singapore’s sports scene continued to get
needed to help various sports train capable exciting.
Above
men and women to compete at international When Fandi Ahmad in 1994 lifted the Singapore Pools started funding
championships in the region and Asia. Malaysia Cup after the Lions thrashed Pahang S-League in 1996.
4-0 at Shah Alam Stadium in Selangor to win Left
the competition after a 13-year drought, his Joseph Schooling won Singapore’s
“In order for Sports For All compatriots back home were delirious with pride
first Olympic gold in 2016.
to work, we needed not only and joy.
a national stadium, but When the national football team won the
Asean Football Federation Championship in
smaller ones and other facilities 1988 and thrice more between 2004 and 2012,
such as swimming pools closer Singapore stood tall.
to people in satellite towns And when 100m fly swimmer Joseph
Schooling won the country’s first Olympic gold
all over the country.” in 2016, it dawned on Singaporeans that nothing
KOH CHOON HUI, CHAIRMAN is impossible.56
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
“One of my favourite proverbs is ‘it’s better
to light a candle than to curse the darkness’.”
GREGORY ONG, SUPPORTED BY COMMUNITY CHEST
Singapore Pools has never broken faith swim in the 2016 edition.
with sports, and also recognises how football, But it is not only able-bodied athletes whom
arguably the nation’s favourite game, can bring Singapore Pools is helping in their attempt
people together. And in line with its support for to mount the summit of their sports. The
sports development and excellence, Singapore company’s contributions to Community Chest
Pools started funding the S-League, Singapore’s also helps athletes with disabilities such as
first professional football competition, in 1996. Gregory Ong.
Sports gives the multicultural, multi-religious The 18-year-old was diagnosed with cerebral
and multi-ethnic community a sense of national palsy as a child and the condition affects his
pride when its athletes excel in international limbs’ movements, especially his legs, and causes
competitions. him to speak with a slur. But that doesn’t stop
As East Coast GRC Member of Parliament him from dreaming of competing as a hand-
Jessica Tan said in 2013, “Sports can be a cyclist at the Paralympics some day.
unifying platform and creates an environment
for people to come together, especially when we REACH FOR THE STARS
rally around our athletes at competitive games.” “One of my favourite proverbs is ‘it’s better
But Sports For All alone could not produce to light a candle than to curse the darkness’,”
athletes to achieve all these. There had to be he says. “I am giving my best to study hard,
excellence in grooming and training them. exercise, do my physiotherapy and hydrotherapy,
In 1993, Singapore Pools answered the sports and train for the hand-cycling competitions.
fraternity’s call for support with a $4 million I will not give up my dream of representing
grant for a sports excellence programme, Spex Singapore at the Paralympics one day.”
2000, with the government matching dollar for Helping the disadvantaged is a focus
dollar. Another $500 million was injected into in Singapore Pools’ partnership with the
the programme seven years later. community.
The Spex 2000 has produced great In 1969, the company stepped up and helped
Right
achievements, among them the national table farmers affected by a flood. It also pumped Gregory Ong dreams
of representing
tennis silver- and bronze-medal performances in $250,000 into the building of the headquarters Singapore at the
the 2008 and 2012 Olympics, and Joseph’s gold of Singapore Council of Social Service (SCSS Paralympics one day.58 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 59
was restructured as National Council of Social Lions Befrienders is a social service
Service in 1992). organisation that receives financial aid from
SCSS in 1983 started Community Chest to Community Chest.
help free charity organisations from canvassing “I was plagued with constant worry about
for financial help to enable them to focus on my limited finances and frail health,” says the
providing critical services to the less privileged. 88-year-old. “The Lions Befrienders reached out,
Singapore Pools’ relationship with comforted and helped me, and also accompanied
Community Chest began the following year with me to the doctor when I was sick.”
a $50,000 sponsorship. The bond blossomed in Tee Poh Huat is another senior living alone.
1987 when Singapore Pools gave Community The divorcé suffered two bouts of cancer that left
Chest $400,000 to promote its Social Help and him with only a third of his tongue in 1988 and
Above, from left
Tee Poh Huat and Assistance Raised by Employees (SHARE) without a voice box in 2005.
Heng Choon Teck.
scheme. “When I was ill, the Lions Befrienders’ care
Right The money was used for Community Chest’s and friendship helped motivate me to stay strong
Singapore Pools’
relationship with
public education programme on how donations and live life to the fullest,” says the 65-year-old.
Community Chest helped the less fortunate. That same year, “I am very grateful to them.”
began in 1984.
The money raised Singapore Pools’ staff began to pledge part of
Singapore Pools’ financial
for the charity their monthly salary to SHARE.
organisation has
helped individuals who In 1997, on top of its contributions, Singapore
are facing difficulties.
Pools began supporting Community Chest’s contributions have allowed
operational costs with an initial $2 million Community Chest to support 80
subsidy. Three years later, the company started charities in Singapore including
contributing to President’s Challenge as well.
All the money raised for charity has helped more than 50 Family Service
countless individuals such as Heng Choon Teck. Centres (FSCs), which have been
Recovering from colorectal cancer 10 years ago, helping various groups of people
the bachelor felt hapless. But that was before he
met the Lions Befrienders volunteers. since 1977.60 FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT
FOR COMMUNITY PURPOSE AND BENEFIT 61
But it’s not always money that’s needed. great effort was recognised with President’s
Suzana Abdul Rahim and her family fell on hard Pinnacle Award in 2015.
times. Her husband had lost his job, and with Tote Board and Singapore Pools have been
four children aged between five months and six supporting President’s Challenge since its
years, she wanted to support her family. inauguration in 2000, by funding most of its
Social workers at Cheng San FSC learnt that operating expenses so that every dollar raised
Suzana loved to bake and linked her with Bakery goes to President’s Challenge beneficiaries.
Hearts, which teaches women from low-income
families how to make and sell cakes and pastries. “Many of our employees joined
The 27-year-old says: “With the skills I have now,
I can face the future with confidence.” the company because they knew
For its contributions to Community Chest, we were doing this to help the
Singapore Pools in 2003 received the inaugural community.”
Pinnacle Award.
JANET SEOW, SENIOR DIRECTOR OF
The company has also been receiving the TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMME OFFICE
SHARE Corporate Platinum Award since 1987
for pledging part of their staff salary to the
charity fund. When the city-state was hit with the severe
Other honours awarded to Singapore Pools acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, outbreak
include Community Chest Special Events Gold in 2003 and claimed 33 lives, Singapore Pools
Award in 2014 for River With A Heart, which swung into action.
raised more than $400,000. For a decade from It organised a Free Singapore from SARS
2007, Singapore Pools raised more than $6.9 sweep draw, offering a top prize of $1 million,
million dollars for President’s Challenge. The to raise money to help fight the disease and help
Left
Suzana Abdul Rahim
with her daughter.
Facing page
President Halimah
Yacob during the cheque
presentation ceremony
for President’s Challenge
Charity 2017.You can also read
