THE STOCKHOLM DECLARATION AND LAW OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT

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THE STOCKHOLM DECLARATION AND LAW OF
       THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT

                Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
                                           Downloaded from Brill.com07/03/2022 01:51:47AM
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STOCKHOLM PAPERS

The Stockholm Declaration and Law of the Marine Environment is part of a
series of publications on oceans law and policy associated with the Center for
Oceans Law and Policy, University of Virginia School of Law. This volume is
based on presentations made at the Center's Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference
held at the University of Stockholm from May 22-25, 2002.

                                   Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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CENTER FOR OCEANS LAW AND POLICY

THE STOCKHOLM DECLARATION
  AND LAW OF THE MARINE
       ENVIRONMENT

                Edited by
         Myron H. Nordquist
        John Norton Moore &
            Said Mahmoudi

    MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS
        THE HAGUE I LONDON I NEW YORK

                   Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 90-411- 9940-3

                             Published by Kluwer Law International,
                      P.O. Box 85889, 2508 CN The Hague, The Netherlands.
                                      sales@k1uwerlaw.com
                                   http://www.k1uwerlaw.com

                                    Printed on acid-free paper

                                       All Rights Reserved
                                 © 2003 Kluwer Law International
                              Kluwer Law International incorporates
                            the imprint of Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

         No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
    in any fonn or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording
           or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception
                of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered
         and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

                                    Printed in the Netherlands.

                                            Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
                                                                       Downloaded from Brill.com07/03/2022 01:51:47AM
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CONTENTS

Prefatory Note .................................................................................................. ix

Note by the Editors ......................................................................................... xiii

Introduction

           Said Mahmoudi ....................................................................................... 3
           Professor
           Faculty of Law, Stockholm University

Welcoming Remarks

           GustaJ Lindencrona................................................................................. 9
           President
           Stockholm University

           John Norton Moore .............................................................................. 11
           Director
           Center for Oceans Law and Policy

Keynote Addresses

           Hans Blix .............................................................................................. 15
           Former Swedish Foreign Minister

           Bjorn Lomborg ..................................................................................... 25
           Professor of Statistics
           University of Aarhus

           Hans Corell .......................................................................................... 43
           Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs
           Legal Counsel of the United Nations

Panel I:            Impact ofthe Stockholm Declaration on International
                    Environmental Law Principles
                    John Norton Moore, Moderator

The Destiny of the Principles of the Stockholm Declaration ............................. 53
Alexandre Kiss

                                                         v

                                                    Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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Table of Contents

The Stockholm Declaration and the Structure and Processes
ofInternational Environmental Law ................................................................. 67
Jutta Brunnee

Impact on the Development of International Law on Cooperation:
The United Nations Law of the Sea, Straddling Stocks and Biodiversity
Convention ......................................................................................................... 85
Patricia Birnie

Panel II:            Impact of the Stockholm Declaration on International
                     Environmental Institutions
                     David Anderson, Moderator

The Marine Environment and International Environmental Governance ....... 101
Geir Ulfstein

The World Trade Organization and the Marine Environment ........................ 109
Alan Boyle

International Financial Institutions and the Marine Environment:
A View from the World Bank .......................................................................... 119
David Freestone

Panel III:          Regional Protection of the Marine Environment
                    Tullio Treves, Moderator

Regional Approaches to the Protection of the Marine Environment ............... 13 7
Tullio Treves

Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area-
The Impact of the Stockholm Declaration ....................................................... 155
Jonas Ebbesson

Soft and Hard Law Aspects of Fisheries Issues: Some Recent Global and
Regional Approaches ....................................................................................... 165
William Edeson

Regional Protection of the Marine Environment in the Northeast
Atlantic Under the OSPAR Convention of 1992 ............................................ 183
Rainer Lagoni

                                                         vi

                                                     Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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Table o/Contents

Polar Seas ........................................................................................................ 205
Alexander S. Skaridov

Panel IV:            Marine Environment in Enclosed and Semi-
                     Enclosed Seas
                     Anatoly Kolodkin, Moderator

New Forms of Cooperation in the Mediterranean System of
Environmental Protection ................................................................................. 223
Maria Gavouneli

The Black Sea: A Case Study in Regional Cooperation ................................. 237
Nilufer Oral

The Protection of the Marine Environment in the Adriatic Sea ....................... 257
Igor Vio

Panel V:             Marine Environment Jurisdictional Issues
                     Choon Ho Park, Moderator

Jurisdictional Developments and the Law of the Sea Convention: Some
Observations on Vessel-Source Pollution ....................................................... 277
Kari Hakapiiii

Marine Environment Jurisdictional Issues: Coastal States .............................. 287
Erik Franckx

Flag State Perspectives .................................................................................... 299
Marie Jacobsson

Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas: Current Developments ............................... 311
J. Ashley Roach

Panel VI:            Science and the Marine Environment
                     Dolliver Nelson, Moderator

The Stockholm Declaration and Law of Marine Environment:
An NGO Perspective ........................................................................................ 353
Bertil Hiigerhiill

                                                          vii

                                                      Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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Table a/Contents

Environmental Problems in the Aegean Sea ................................................... 359
Bayram and Ayaka Amaha Dztiirk

Of Scientists, Science and the Continental Shelf ............................................ 367
George Taft

Panel Vll:           Sustainable Development and the Marine Environment
                     Satya N Nandan, Moderator

Three Decades' Progress in High Seas Fisheries Governance: Towards a
Common Heritage Regime? ............................................................................. 375
Moritaka Hayashi

Management ofthe Utilization of Living Marine Resources .......................... 399
Thorir Skarphedinsson

Iceland's Adherence to the International Whaling Commission ..................... 405
Stefan Asmundsson

Moratorium or Management? ......................................................................... 413
Ray Gambell

Replacing Bias with Reality to Achieve the Stockholm Declaration's
Dream of a Poverty and Pollution Free World ................................................ 427
Dick Monroe

Panel VIII: Future Developments
            Alexander Yankov, Moderator

Some Future Developments in Liability and Compensation for
Environmental Damage at Sea ......................................................................... 437
Rosalie P. Balkin

International Challenges in Addressing Marine Environmental
Problems .......................................................................................................... 455
Mary Beth West

                                                          viii

                                                      Myron H. Nordquist, John Norton Moore, and Said Mahmoudi - 9789004481589
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