Analysing Scientific Collaborations of New Zealand Institutions using Scopus Bibliometric Data
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Analysing Scientific Collaborations of New Zealand
Institutions using Scopus Bibliometric Data
Samin Aref David Friggens Shaun Hendy
Department of Computer Science and Ministry of Business Innovation Department of Physics and
Te Pūnaha Matatini & Employment, Wellington Te Pūnaha Matatini
University of Auckland, New Zealand New Zealand University of Auckland, New Zealand
sare618@aucklanduni.ac.nz david.friggens@mbie.govt.nz shaun.hendy@auckland.ac.nz
ABSTRACT ACM Reference format:
Scientific collaborations are among the main enablers of Samin Aref, David Friggens, and Shaun Hendy. 2018. Analysing
development in small national science systems. Although Scientific Collaborations of New Zealand Institutions using
arXiv:1709.02897v3 [cs.DL] 18 Dec 2017
analysing scientific collaborations is a well-established subject Scopus Bibliometric Data. In Proceedings of ACSW 2018:
in scientometrics, evaluations of scientific collaborations Australasian Computer Science Week 2018, January 29-February
within a country remain speculative with studies based on a 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 10 pages.
limited number of fields or using data too inadequate to be https://doi.org/10.1145/3167918.3167920
representative of collaborations at a national level. This study
represents a unique view on the collaborative aspect of
scientific activities in New Zealand. We perform a quantitative 1 INTRODUCTION
study based on all Scopus publications in all subjects for more There is a growing body of literature that recognises the
than 1500 New Zealand institutions over a period of 6 years to importance of scientific collaboration in economic development
generate an extensive mapping of scientific collaboration at a [1]. The scientific collaborations can be analysed based on
national level. The comparative results reveal the level of bibliometric data using network analysis tools and techniques
collaboration between New Zealand institutions and business [2]. The main objective of analysing scientific collaboration is
enterprises, government institutions, higher education to gain an understanding of how knowledge flows between
providers, and private not for profit organisations in authors [3, 4], institutions [5] and countries [6, 7]. It also helps
2010-2015. Constructing a collaboration network of quantifying research performance measures with a focus on the
institutions, we observe a power-law distribution indicating collaborative aspect of research [8].
that a small number of New Zealand institutions account for a Scientific collaboration is seen not only as a performance
large proportion of national collaborations. Network centrality measure, but also a representation an entity outreach and
concepts are deployed to identify the most central institutions connections to other entities. Some studies focus on
of the country in terms of collaboration. We also provide collaborations within a country to compare researchers or
comparative results on 15 universities and Crown research institutions and facilitate national research policy development.
institutes based on 27 subject classifications. Perc analysed collaboration at the level of individuals in
Slovenia [9] and similar study has been undertaken for Turkey
[10]. Collaborations can be investigated between different
CCS CONCEPTS
countries. Park et al. investigated collaborations between China
and South Korea using bibliometric data [11]. Nguyen et al.
• Information systems → Digital libraries and archives; analysed collaborations of Vietnam with several other countries
• Applied computing → Document management and text [12].
processing; • General and reference → Surveys and The university-industry collaboration has been investigated
overviews; extensively as an essential connection between institutions of a
science system. Abramo et al. investigated the university-
KEYWORDS industry collaboration in Italy [13] and found that university
Big data modelling, Scientific collaboration, Scientometrics, researchers collaborating with industry have a higher research
Network analysis, Scopus, New Zealand performance. Investigating collaborations between specific
types of institutions in a country usually requires an analysis of
research outputs that represent a collaboration tie between the
This is an author copy of the paper. The publisher’s verified version of
two types of institutions [13]. Yoon and Park investigated the
the paper can be accessed on https://doi.org/10.1145/3167918.3167920
collaboration between South Korea universities, industry, and
ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored government using network analysis tools and techniques on
by an employee, contractor or affiliate of a national government. As patent data [14]. The intermediate step of using network
such, the Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to analysis to study scientific collaboration is evaluating joint
publish or reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for outputs of authors affiliated with different types of institutions.
Government purposes only. Each bibliometric record of such nature represents a visible
ACSW 2018, January 30-February 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia S. Aref et al.
research connection that can be aggregated for evaluating Auckland, University of Canterbury, and Massey University)
collaboration at a national level. have an average level of overall UIC while the other two
It is important to point out that three types of collaborations investigated (Victoria University of Wellington and University
have long existed in economic development literature and are of Otago) have a medium-low level of overall UIC. These
relevant to the role of scientific collaboration; the triadic evaluations are based on a scale of high, medium-high, average,
relationship between academia, industry and, the government medium-low, and low UIC in comparison with other
is referred to as The Triple Helix. The term was coined by universities listed in 2014 edition of Leiden University
Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff [15] to refer to the shift from a Ranking 3 . The overall scores of the five New Zealand
dyadic industry-government relationship in an industrial universities across seven disciplines can be found in UIRC 2014
society to a complex hybridisation of elements from academia, report [16]. The report also demonstrates that New Zealand has
industry and government in a knowledge society. This shift is a an average overall UIC score which is above Small Advanced
result of innovation dynamics that support economic Economies Initiative countries like Singapore and Israel, but
development. below Denmark, Switzerland, Finland and Ireland. Note that,
The main contribution of this study is quantifying different UIRC 2014 does not include Crown Research Institutes (CRIs),
types of scientific collaboration in New Zealand (NZ). This which are government owned research laboratories accounting
requires studying co-publications of all pairs of New Zealand for a considerable amount of New Zealand scientific
institutions to evaluate the current engagement level between collaborations. Methodological details of UIRC 2014 can be
them. Research collaboration among various institutions is found in a study of public–private collaboration [18].
critical to policy development as it facilitates evaluating the
current state of collaboration and helps identifying capacities 2.2 SciVal Academic-Corporate metric
for improvement in different fields of research. While a few
SciVal is a bibliometric analysis service based on the Scopus
global studies exist that provide some general observations on
data providing research performance of 7500 research
New Zealand scientific collaboration, a specific study on New
institutions worldwide (at the time of access). SciVal
Zealand academia, government and corporations’ collaboration
implements the Snowball Metrics [17]; The Academic-
has never been undertaken. Following the triple helix concept,
Corporate Collaboration Snowball metric is calculated based on
we investigate collaboration among all New Zealand
Scopus data in 2011-2016. Numerical values for 15 New Zealand
institutions that have a publication in a scientific database
universities and CRIs range from 0.4% to 1.8% suggesting that
within a specified time range.
they are comparably active in collaboration with corporations.
Note that SciVal’s institutional mapping and classification is not
2 OVERVIEW OF NZ COLLABORATIONS complete. It has better coverage of the larger organisations and
Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) are two competing misses many small ones. Notably it only has one commercial
bibliometric databases of academic publications. Scopus is NZ institution (Fonterra). The overall Academic-Corporate
owned by Elsevier and accompanied by SciVal 1 an analytics Collaboration metric for New Zealand is the lowest among
service for Scopus data. WoS is maintained by Clarivate Small Advanced Economies Initiative countries.
Analytics (formerly Thomson Reuters).
In what follows, basic results from Scopus and WoS that are 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
related to New Zealand in comparison to Small Advanced In order to quantify New Zealand research collaborations at
Economies Initiative countries2 are discussed: a national level, we consider all New Zealand institutions that
1. University-Industry Research Connections (UIRC) have a publication in Scopus within the six-year time window
series of studies [16] based on the WoS data of 2010-2015. We standardise and classify thousands records of
2. An implementation of a snowball metric [17] in SciVal collaborations based on 2010-2015 publications to a list of
based on Scopus data institution pairs and their reciprocal number of joint
publications4 [19].
2.1 UIRC Report 2014 We used a full extract of Scopus [20] limiting to NZ
The most recent UIRC report [16] uses University-Industry publications between 2010 and 2015 which covers a
Co-publication (UIC) as an indicator of scientific performance considerable portion of the scientific publication relevant for
in various countries. Using 2009-2012 WoS data, the report our purposes. This was combined with Ministry of Business
shows that three New Zealand universities (University of Innovation & Employment (MBIE) internally developed
1 SciVal Elsevier Research Intelligence Solution www.scival.com 3 CWTS Leiden Ranking 2014 www.leidenranking.com/ranking/2014
(accessed on 17/02/2017) (accessed on 17/02/2017)
2 Advanced economies with 5-10 million population including 4 Research data can be accessed at
Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Singapore, and https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5705167
Switzerland
2
Analysing Scientific Collaborations of NZ Institutions ACSW 2018, January 30-February 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
mapping of Scopus Affiliation IDs to NZ institutions. Scopus Finally, the higher education class includes private training
uses an automated process to cluster unstructured affiliation establishments, universities, polytechnics, institutes of
text and apply its internal Affiliation IDs, but this is technology, independent research organisations, and education
conservative and results in multiple IDs per institution. MBIE’s providers classified as wānanga.
manually compiled mapping groups together all Affiliation IDs For pairs of collaborating institutions, the collaboration
for each NZ institution (for example there are 81 Affiliation IDs records measure equals total number of joint publications.
for University of Auckland) and assigns a category (see below). However, when collaboration records are aggregated for a
Some affiliations are missing or are not identifiable as specific specific institution, this equality does not hold. Consider a
institutions (eg independent researchers), and in some cases publication that has AUT, ESR, and GNS as the affiliations of its
there are data errors incorrectly identifying an affiliation as three distinct authors. Such a publication will be counted three
being from NZ; these were excluded. Data analysis was times: once as a collaboration record of AUT-ESR, once for ESR-
performed using the R language (version 3.4.2) and RStudio GNS, and once for AUT-GNS. Recalling that CRIs and
software (version 1.1.383). Gephi version 0.9.1 is used for universities belong to government and higher education
network visualisations. categories respectively, when we aggregate the collaborations
While UIRC 2014 contains 5 NZ universities and there are of AUT with the government sector, the publication contributes
only 37 NZ institutions listed in SciVal (at the time of access), two to the collaboration records between AUT and the
our study comprises over 1500 New Zealand institutions. This government sector.
study mainly focuses on collaboration measures of 15 New
Zealand universities and Crown Research Institutes (CRIs) 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
listed below that are expected to account for a large proportion
of New Zealand publications in Scopus: 4.1 New Zealand Collaboration Network
(1) AgResearch (New Zealand Pastoral Agriculture Research In this subsection, we discuss overall network properties of
Institute), (2) AUT University (Auckland University of a scientific collaboration network in which nodes are
Technology), (3) ESR (Environmental Sciences Research), (4) institutions and edges represent collaborations between them.
GNS Science (the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences), Four institution categories define node types and the
(5) Landcare Research, (6) Lincoln University, (7) Massey collaboration records values are used as weights on the edges.
University, (8) NIWA (National Institute of Water and The network has 1511 nodes and 4273 edges (network
Atmospheric Research), (9) Plant and Food Research (New density is 0.004). Degrees of the nodes follow a power-law
Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research), (10) Scion (New distribution with many institutions having less than 30
Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited), (11) University of collaborators while in the tail distribution a few institutions
Auckland, (12) University of Canterbury, (13) University of have hundreds of collaborators.
Otago, (14) University of Waikato, and (15) Victoria University Fig. 1 shows a visualization of the network in which size of
of Wellington. the nodes are proportional to their weighted degrees. Nodes are
We use the numbers in the list above to refer to the 15 coloured respective to their classifications. Business enterprises
institutions later in the paper. The key measure to be used is the are shown in red, government institutions in green, higher
collaboration record which is the number of joint publications education institutions in blue, and PNP organisations in purple.
for pairs of institutions in Scopus within the specified time The network in Fig. 1 is made of one relatively large
range. An author with affiliations to two or more institutions is component as well as 21 two-node components and 2 three-
not counted as a collaboration. node components representing 23 groups of collaborating
We adopt the triple helix concept [15] and use a institutions isolated from the rest of network.
classification system with four institution classes. The Like other collaboration networks [3,4], NZ collaboration
classification is a mapping between Scopus affiliation IDs, network has the small world property. It has an average
standard institution names, and one of the four categories: (1) clustering coefficient of 0.53. For the giant component, the
Business enterprise, (2) Private not for profit (PNP), (3) average path length (degree of separation) is 2.75 which much
Government, and (4) Higher education. shorter than the network diameter which is 6.
Business enterprises are institutions registered in New 66.8% of the institutions in Fig.1 are business enterprises.
Zealand Companies Office Register [21]. Proportions for PNPs, government institutions, and higher
Private not for profit institutions include institutions education institutions are 18.5%, 11.1%, and 3.6% respectively.
classified as building society, charitable trust, contributory The average unweighted degree of the network is 5.66 which
mortgage broker, credit union, friendly society, incorporated represents the average number of collaborators for a given
society, industrial & provident society, limited partnerships, institution. The average number of collaboration records per
other bodies, overseas issuer, participatory security, retirement institution (average weighted degree) is 38.13.
villages, superannuation scheme, or unit trust in New Zealand
Companies Office other Registers [22].
Government class comprises of Crown Research Institutes,
central government institutions, local government institutions,
other government institutions, schools, public hospitals, and
district health boards.
3
ACSW 2018, January 30-February 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia S. Aref et al.
Workwise Employment Ltd.
Transfield Services
Huntly Community Link New Zealand Timberlands Ltd
KiwiRail
SciCon Scientific Consultants
Care of Orca Research Trust Centre for Research Evaluation and ...
Syngenta Crop Protection Ltd.
New Zealand Forestry Ltd
Morrison Consultants Ltd HEB Construction
Poyry Management Consulting (NZ) Ltd.
McConnell Dowell Constructors Ltd.
Growth Solutionz Logjiztix Ltd
Interpine Forestry Ltd
Watercare Services Ltd.
Spray-tec Pioneer Generation Ltd. Refugee Services
Public Policy and Research Ltd
Napier City Council
Etec Crop Solutions Catmed
Kenex Ltd
PF Olsen and Company Ltd
Geoenvironmetal Services Commtest Instruments Ltd Fletcher Construction Co ChangeMakers Refugee Forum
Walnut Industry Group Bayer CropScience New Zealand
Alan Bell and Associates
Southern Veterinary Centre
DeerNZ Pinnacle Group Ltd
Applied Research and Technologies L... Future Forests Research Jackett Consulting PipeTechnologies
CRESA
Donaghys Industries Taylor Baines and Associates Mt. Albert Psychological Services Ltd
Supporters of Tiritiri Matangi
Truffles and Mushrooms Ltd.
Port Otago Ltd Chatham Rock Phosphate Ltd. Southern Paprika Limited Ngati Whakaue Tribal Lands Inc
Sacred Heart College New Zealand Register of Exercise Pr... Women's Health Action
Jacobs Engineering Millenium Institute of Sport and He...
Coastline Consultants Blind Foundation Auckland Cricket Assn Inc
Re:Search Limited
Dynatest Renewable Energy Shekinah Berries Limited Clendon Burns and Park Consulting E...
Hyland Fatigue Earthquake Engineering BioSylve Forest Science NZ Ltd. Alliance Group Ltd Masters Consulting Ltd. SolNet Solutions Limited IAC IP Limited
New Zealand Underwater Heritage Group Planning Consultants Ltd Unisports Sports Medicine
ScanTec Ltd New Zealand Merino Company Ltd. Ministry of Transport
McManus Geotech Ltd. Information Technology Research Ltd
Carson Associates Ltd. Campbell and Associates Ltd. Te Ropu Whakahau Disability Resource Centre
Rivuli Development Pacific Island Food and Nutrition A...
Applied Engineering Research Ltd. High Performance Sport NZ
Te Arawa Lakes Trust Optimal Sports Akoranga Integrated Health Clinic
Te Wahanga Kaupapa Maori Tegel Foods Ltd.
Prime Consulting International Ltd. Whitecliffe College of Art and Design
Hyland Consultants Meridian Energy Ltd. Auckland International Airport Limi...
Environmental Restoration Ltd Whelan and Associates
AECS Ltd. New Zealand Avocado Growers Associa... RML Engineering McLaren Research Ltd. Gisborne District Council Waikato Institute of Technology
Lewis and Barrow Ltd. Timberlands Ltd. Inform Planning Ltd ICL Business School
Avocado Industry Council
TechPro Plus Ltd. New Zealand Cricket
Dorothy-Jean and Associates Orthotic Centre Wellington Ltd Connectos Consulting
Quarantine Scientiic Limited Good Life Research Centre Trust Diversity NZ
Interpine Total Mums Physiotherapy
Synergine Napier Health Centre Rockwell Automation
Real Time Genomics Science Haven Explore NZ
The Family Centre New Zealand New Zealand Warriors Rugby League C...
Alfriston College Maramatanga Consultants Ltd James and Monroe
Educational Leadership Project Kompass Health Associates
Independent Petroleum Laboratory The Good Life Research Centre Trust
Silvester Clark Roche Diagnostics New Zealand Ltd
Ectus Ltd Tuakau College
AECOM TM Consultants Ltd.
Think Consultancy Company
Plant Protection Chemistry NZ Ltd Kaipaki Veterinary Services Beta Solutions SPAT NZ All Seasons Pharmacy
Toko Primary School Xero MorVet Limited Forever Beech Ltd. KEA Consultant
CAL Engineering Management Tai Tamariki Kindergarten Child Poverty Action Group
Tetcor
RuralLink Veterinary Associates Equine and Fa...
Wind Farm Developments Ltd. Hurricanes Rugby Power Systems Consultants New Zeala... Transfeld Worley Limited
Hamilton Sacred Heart College for G... Zelam Limited Pattle Delamore Partners Ltd Eli Lilly and Company (New Zealand)...
Wentz Pacific Limited Warehouse Stationery
LanzaTech NZ Ltd.
ULTI Pharmaceuticals Gambling Helpline
NetValue Wingspan Birds of Prey Trust IAG
Chemipreneur Ltd. Male Survivors of Sexual Abuse Trust
Dunning Thornton Consultants Ltd. Herbert Morton Accountants Mission Heights Primary School Hiway Geotechnical
Orca Research Trust Your Nutrition
Pingar Research AgriNova NZ Ltd Tru-Test Limited New Zealand Cot Death Association
Midland MRI Compac Sorting Equipment Ltd. Northpower
Parker Associates
45 South Management Ltd. Special Education Greenweaver Architecture Ltd
AgriQuality Limited Simplar Limited
Power Projects Limited Wakefield Specialist Medical Centre Whitehouse Associates Bream Bay Medical Centre Pasifika Medical Association
New Zealand Trade and Enterprise International Telematics Ltd.
Novare Design Ltd. Ade Consultants
Priestley Structural Engineering BikeNZ
FullSpectrum Ltd.
GF McLaren Research Limited Antarctic Heritage Trust New Zealand Agriseeds Limited The Boardroom Practice Limited Compusoft Engineering Limited Photonz Corporation Ltd Auckland Transport
Coastal Systems (NZ) Ltd. The Challenge of Change Virtual Institute of Statistical Ge... Cosgrove
Seeka Kiwifruit Industries Palmerston North City Council City Care Ltd
Contract Landscapes Ltd Tai Wananga Learning Centre
Manawatu Diagnostics Veterinary Specialist Group New Zealand Refining Co. Ltd.
Interactionz Society of Breast Surgeons of Austr...
Gallagher Animal Management Systems Linnaeus Laboratory Shona Wilson Consultancy Co. Ltd
AgriHealth NZ Limited John Wood Consulting Aurecon Workbase Education Trust Heke Consulting New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limi...
LWT Animal Nutrition Ltd. Nelson Forests Limited
Agile Utilities New Zealand Ltd Deloitte
Dairy Consultants Ltd. Greerton Early Childhood Centre Indufor Asia-Pacific Ltd Summit-Quinphos (NZ) Ltd
New Zealand Institute of Chartered ... Fulton Hogan Ltd. Russell Vickery Associates
Beef and Lamb New Zealand
Youth Horizons Trust Outome Management Services Auckland Regional Council Psychological Service
Dairy Production Systems Ltd. Ministry of Civil Defence and Emerg... Pipfruit New Zealand Bayleys Property Services
Te Waipuna Puawai Lucas Industries (NZ) Ltd.
Horteye Ltd Geotech Consulting Ltd Radiata Pine Breeding Company Bay of Plenty Rugby Union Raukatauri Music Therapy Centre
Plant Diagnostics Limited Fruition Horticulture Alphalabs Potter Building Services Ltd.
Assistive Technology Ltd. Terranova Seeds Ltd
Auckland City Mission
LeaderBrand Produce Ltd. Hamilton Veterinary Services Meteorological Service of New Zeala...
Warkworth Birthing Centre Te Rau Matatini Lateral Technology Carey Baptist College
Golden Bay Cement
Genetic Technologies Ltd. New Zealand Centre for SME Research IPENZ Numinos Ltd. Education Review Office
Aerocool Ltd. Pacific Health Research and Develop... New Zealand Institute of Natural Me...
Ministry for the Environment
MetOcean Solutions Ltd. InterAg Fisher and Paykel Appliances Vector Ltd. Ports of Auckland Limited
The Kestral Group Ltd.
Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Hea... Eastern Suburbs Association Footbal... Midland Regional Forensic Services
Westland Milk Products Waiariki Institute of Technology Power Co Ltd.
IWM Consultancy Straven Road Veterinary Centre VSN (NZ) Ltd. Litmus
Pastoral Genomics Community Clinic for Sexual Health ...
Te Piriti Special Treatment Unit New Zealand Aerial Mapping UUNZ Hospice Waikato
Earthquake Commission Ngati Porou Hauora Pictor Ltd.
Shore Vets Samantha Gray Consulting New Zealand Heavy Engineering Resea... Construction Techniques Ltd.
David Penman and Associates Inglewood Veterinary Services Hill Laboratories Ltd. Melt Tools Ltd.
Dnature diagnostics and research Ltd.
Infoics Limited Central City Vets Broken Hills Gold Co
PA Handford and Assoc. Ltd. Rotorua District Council AbacusBio Ltd. Geothermal Engineering Ltd
CLIMsystems Ltd. Rowe Davies Research Ltd Ian McLean Consultancy Services Ltd.
NIU Development Incorporated Tissue Mechanics Laboratory
Tararua Veterinary Services Ltd Taste Technologies Ltd.
Holmes Fire and Safety New Zealand Police
WaikatoLink Ltd. GHD Centre Level Napier St.
Henderson Valley Primary School ScottEconomics Positive Thinking Ltd Inclusive Education Action Group
Civil Aviation Authority Westlake Boys High School Earthtech Consulting Limited
Titanium Industry Development Assoc... Marine Fisheries Research Services ... Theranostics Laboratory
Xcluder Fencing Berryworld Ltd Orb Solutions Royal Australian and New Zealand Co...
Visible Learning Research Lab FMR GROUP LTD Royal Society of New Zealand Te Kura Kaupapa Maori O Te Koutu Inner Zest Ltd.
Mt. Aspiring Geochemical Ltd. W. M. Consultancy Ltd Steel Construction New Zealand Inc. Office of the Health and Disability...
Occupational Medicine Specialists Cymbiotix Group Limited Crawford Medical Centre
PSL Limited Beca Te Rito Maioha Early Childhood New ... Assurity Consulting Ltd
New Zealand Arable Environment Protection Authority(EPA) Totally Vets Ltd Pacific Brands
PLANTwise Services Ltd Lion Foundation House Geoscience Consulting Ltd The Busy Nice
Food and Environment Solution Biotelliga Ltd Matamata Veterinary Services Ltd Injury Prevention Aotearoa
PlusGroup Limited New Zealand College of Chiropractic
QStar Solutions Ltd. Bay Audiology Hanham Consultants
North Shore International Academy Dynamic Controls Ltd. Rape Prevention Education-Whakatu M...
SubAntarctic Foundation for Ecosyst... Takapuna Normal Intermediate School
JMR Distributors Ltd Waikato Occupational Services Ltd Biomarine Ltd. Whakawhiti Ora Pai Community Health...
Office of the Prime Minister's Chie... Tonkin and Taylor Ltd. Te Wananga O Aotearoa National Council of Women of New Ze... Alcohol Healthwatch Trust Disability Connect
Cognosco KVB Kunlun New Zealand Limited BLIS Technologies Ltd. Odyssey House
NZFOCUS (NZ) Ltd. International Society for Skiing Sa... Stuart Mitchell Consulting
Te Ngahere Ltd Hemptech New Zealand Transport Agency
Enviro Research Pohatu Penguins Parkinson's New ZealandInvenco Group Ltd. Queens Academic Group Colmar Brunton
Better Border Biosecurity
New Zealand Academy of Sport Cognition Education Limited St Paul's College
Livestock Solutions and Services Nutrigenomics New Zealand Comvita New Zealand Ltd. New Zealand Tertiary College Northern Regional Alliance
Worksafe NZ Atkinson and Rapley Consulting Te Whare Wananga o Awanuiarangi Matakina Technology Ltd
New Zealand Rock Lobster Industry C... Fruitfed Supplies Comtel System Ltd. CORE Education Ltd. Hapai Te Hauora Tapui Ltd
Landcorp Farming Limited Compusoft Engineering Ltd. Manaia Health Primary Health Organi... Inner City Women's Group
Seed Solutions Risk Strategies Research and Consul... Waikato-Tainui College for Research...
New Zealand Red Cross Bioactives Research New Zealand
Ministry of Business Innovation and... Humes Pipeline Systems
Fruition Technology ARH Construction
Farmax Ltd. Te Kauwhata College Cahill Animal Hospital DEA Research Software Surgery Ltd. Parresia Research Limited Zinniatech Ltd.
Agri-Optic NZ Ltd. Towers Consulting Food and Health Group Uscom Chiefs Super Rugby Franchise
Microfossil Research Ltd Epsom Girls Grammar School Bank of Scotland
Digital Sensing Limited JRA (NZ) Ltd.
Soil and Land Evaluation Ltd Vernon Willey Trust Fellow Manaaki Te Awanui Pultron Composites Ltd. Hauora Waikato Group Te Awaroa Foundation
Bruce Shallard and Associates PriceWaterhouse Coopers (PwC) NetSafe Frontier Global Ltd.
Wintec Bickler Consultants Ltd. Hauora Heretaunga Norske Skog Tasman
Rehab Physio Centre Bay of Plenty Polytechnic Rakon Ltd. Manukau SuperClinic
Foundation for Arable Research PGG Wrightson Seeds Ltd. High Performance Sport New Zealand
Holmes Consulting Group BRANZ Ltd. Academic Colleges Group New Zealand Springer Healthcare
Heinz Wattie's Otago Computational Modelling Group...
EnForm Tech Babbage Consulting Ltd. Eastern Region Fish and Game Glenview Medical Centre
Food and Bio-based Products Group Nelson Marlborough Institute of Tec... Reid Construction Systems Ltd Watercare Laboratory Services
Agvance Marketing Ltd. Enigma Publishing Ltd.
Agknowledge Ltd. Transport Engineering Research NZ L... Titanox Development Ltd
Agri-Search Ltd
Scion
AUT University
Automation Design Ltd Anexa FVC NZX Limited Affinity Services Wairakei Research Station R and D Insight
Dairy Goat Co-operative (NZ) Ltd. New Image Group Ltd
Zespri International Ltd. St Cuthbert's College
Canterbury Soil and Plant Limited Horizons Regional Council Ripesense Limited North Shore Hospice
LIC
Insect Science Solutions Unitec Global Public Health Company Ltd Neurological Foundation of New Zeal... Manurewa South School Western Institute of Technology at ... P.N. Plimmer and Associ.
Kaipara District Council Eltham District Veterinary Services Transpower New Zealand Ltd. Action on Smoking and Health New Ze...
Ngati Kapo O Aotearoa Opus International Consultants Ltd Watersafe Auckland Inc. Pharmacy Guild of New Zealand AFTpharmaceuticals
Southern Monitoring Services New Ze... Organ Donation New Zealand Neuren Pharmaceuticals
Quin Environmentals(NZ) Ltd. Manukau Institute of Technology
Harris Consulting AsureQuality Ltd.
Nufarm Auckland Refugee Community Coalition
New Zealand King Salmon ANZCO Foods Ltd. StretchSense Ltd Youth Mentoring Network Health Outcomes Associates Ltd.
Cropmark Seeds Limited Animal Health Board New Zealand Avivet Ltd Fonterra Immunisation Advisory Centre
Leather & Shoe Research Association... Quadradix
Animals and Marine Surveillance and... National Association of Steel-Frame... Cape Kidnappers and Ocean Beach Wil...
Intellectual Property Office of New... Bay of Plenty Regional Council SciLactis Ltd.
MacMurray Hypertension Clinic Ltd Hamilton Eye Clinic
Chemistry Communications
HortPlus
AgriGenesis Biosciences Ltd
Kea Conservation Trust
Marlborough Wine Research Center DairyNZ
University of Waikato Quit Group
Moorhouse Medical Clinic Heavy Engineering Research Associat...
The Aromatherapy Company
Kinetic Engineering Design
RATO Natural Health Clinic Pesticide Action Network Aotearoa N... Adidas Sports Medicine Te Awamutu Medical Centre
Freshport NZ Ltd Sport Waikato Ground Investigation Ltd
Greater Wellington Regional Council The Salvation Army Northern Region IDEA Services
Irrigation New Zealand Inc. Biosecurity New Zealand PowerbyProxi Ltd.
Ian Kusabs and Associates Limited Boffa Miskell Ltd The National Health Board SIRTRACK Limited
AquaBio Consultants Ltd. ZyGEM Corporation Ltd.
Southern Rangitikei Veterinary Serv...
Ballance Agri-Nutrients Limited
Plant and Food Research Centre for Clinical Research and Ef...
Inspiring Ltd.
Forensic and Industrial Science Ltd
Anglesea Medical Properties Ltd Atlantis HealthCare
Waitemata Specialist Centre
Kono Seafood
Collins Carriers Ltd. Adis International Ltd. Levare Limited
Equine Health Association Te Roopu A Iwi O Te Arawa Charitabl...
Motu Economic and Public Policy Res... Auckland Council Catch Ltd.
Far North District Council Consulting Dietitians Ltd.
ASR Limited Martine Consulting and ... OSPRI
Lincoln University Health New Zealand Ltd. Paric Limited Breast Surgeons' Society of New Zea...
Helios Integrative Medical Centre
DNA Investments Ltd.
Urtica Inc. Ecological Monitoring a... Johne's Management Limited
Global Action for Health Equity Net...
Lincoln Agritech Ltd. AgResearch Synergia Ltd
Raukura Hauora O Tainui Trust
T and T Consulting Erin Park
SecuritEase International Albany Basin Accident and Medical C...
FutureMATH Ltd.
Hauraki Maori Trust Board Living Cell Technologies NZ Ltd. Child and Youth Health DCM Process Control Ltd.
Vitec Nutrition Limited Ravensdown Fertiliser Coopererative Auckland Southern Cross Hospital Gr... Otahuhu College
Centre for Youth Health in South Au...
University of Auckland
Maungatautari Ecological Island Trust Resource Teacher: Learning and Beha...
Waikato Regional Council Fisher and Paykel Healthcare Ltd.
Murray's Veterinary Clinic South Seas Healthcare Trust
Kurahaupo Consulting Bethesda Care
River Engineering Saville Statistical Consulting Ltd
Northland Regional Council
SAFE Programme
Whangarei Heads Landcare Forum Amalgamates Solutions and Research ... New Zealand Kiwi Foundation
Magnolia Press Pasifika Horizon Healthcare
Whangarei District Council Seradigm Limited
Otago Regional Council Te Pou Penny and Associates Ltd AC Research Associates
West Fono Health Trust Te Puna Hauora Medical Centre
OSPRI New Zealand Ltd
HealthWEST
BHU Future Farming Centre Poultry Industry Association of New...
Agrimm Technologies Ltd Accident Compensation Corporation Northern Cancer Network
CH and Associates Market Economics Ltd.
Cawthron Institute Melanoma Unit
Biometrics Matters Ltd Highnam Associates Ltd.
Real World Education Ltd. Eco Nomos Ltd. Advanced Clinical Skills Centre White Cross Healthcare Ltd Green Lane Hospital
Australian and New Zealand College ... Guardian Health Care (Bupa)
Eco Research Associates Ltd UCOL Millar Instruments
Carbon Partnership Aranui High School Fresenius Medical Care Australia Pt...
Warkworth Veterinary Services Psychology Centre Simulenz Limited
International Animal Welfare Consul...
Animal Dermatology NZ
Ryman Healthcare
Jowett Consulting Ltd.
Wildland Consultants Ltd. Ministry for Primary Industries National Heart Foundation of New Ze...
Mental Health Foundation of New Zea... ProCare Health Limited
Philosophy of Education Society of ...
Tamatea Tairawhiti Limited Claro
Auckland Breast Centre
St Margaret's College Royal New Zealand College of Genera...
ClearSight Consultants Ltd
Aquaculture New Zealand Reserve Bank of New Zealand
Golder Associates (NZ) Ltd
Waitemata District Health Board Broadway Medical Centre
Numcore Ltd.
Waitemata Primary Health Organisation
Energy Solution Providers Ltd. Health Quality and Safety Commission Waikato Breast Cancer Trust
New Zealand Forest Surveys Eye Institute
Massey University
Bunnythorpe School Common Ground Ltd New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse... New Zealand Rugby Union Air New Zealand
International Pacific College Diagnostic Laboratory
West Coast Regional Council Parsons Brinckerhoff
Tiakina Te Taiao Ltd Fish and Game NZ TaPasefika PHO
Conservation and Environmental Mana... Visitor Solutions Coast to Coast Health Centre
Midlands Health Network
Alzheimers Northland
Alexandra Lions Club
Landcare Research Lakes District Health Board
Skin Dermatology Institute Skin Specialist Centre
Natural Resource Assessors Cardiac Inherited Disease Group Refugees as Survivors New Zealand Royal Australasian College of Surge...
Redpanther Research Genesis Research & Development Corp... Diagnostic Medlab
Lindis Consulting
Northcott Research Consultants Ltd. NorthTec Kumeu Observatory Skin Centre IGENZ Ltd
At the Vets Koru Environmental Consultants Ltd Counties Manukau District Health Bo...
Ka Mau Te Wero
Marlborough District Council New Zealand Institute for Advanced ...
Tasman District Council Proteus Wildlife Research Consultants
Learning for Sustainability Connovation Ltd.
New Zealand Council for Educational...
GNS Science Labplus
New Zealand Heart and Lung Transpla... Matamata Medical Centre
Pan Pac Forest Products
Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Endoscopy Auckland
Cambridge Veterinary Services
ESR Oncology Surgery Ltd.
Paton-Simpson Associates Limited
QE Health Vibration Technology International ... Medical Protection Society
Pansophy Ltd
Auckland District Health Board
University of Canterbury
Health Partners Consulting Group
Aorangi Veterinary Services Elite Beauty Therapy School
David Butler Associates Ltd Stock Monitoring Services Ltd Auckland Museum Telemetry Research Ltd. Sport and Recreation New Zealand
Urological Society of Australia and...
Nelson Marlborough Regional Council Fertility Associates Auckland Heart Group Hawkins Watts
Selwyn Rakaia Vet Services Environment Canterbury CBG Health Research Limited
Downer EDI Works Limited Office of Hon Steven Joyce New Zealand Research Centre for Urb... Langimalie Tongan Health Centre Julian King and Associates Limited
Upland Research Central Stories Museum Aqualinc Research Ltd. Repromed
Social Research Consultant
Education House
Precision Irrigation Lindsay Intern... Gribbles Veterinary Keratec Ltd. Farm Cove Observatory
Waikato District Health Board AP EnerTec Ltd.
Auckland Eye MBCentury Ltd
Bay of Plenty District Health Board
Riverside Veterinary Services Papatoetoe Accident and Medical Cen...
New Zealand BioSecure Entomology La... Roche Products Limited Breast Care and Screening Services
Ministry of Health MercyAscot Hospitals
Department of Conservation Hepatitis Foundation of New Zealand
Labtests
AsureQuality Bomac Laboratories Ltd Selwyn Centre for Ageing and Spirit...
Veterinary Clinical Pathology Ltd Coastal and Aquatic Systems Ltd Brownrigg Agriculture Maori Pharmacists Association
Tu-hoe Tuawhenua Trust
Hawke's Bay Regional Council
Wellington City Council OMV New Zealand Ltd.
Entecol Ltd. Statistical Research Associates Ltd
NIWA Biomatters Ltd.
Supplejack Ltd Pakuranga Medical Centre
Te Rawhiti Community Mental Health ...
Clement and Associates Ltd
Eastland Veterinary Services Ltd.
Touch Water Ltd.
Antarctica New Zelaand New Zealand Centre for Conservation...
Royal Forest and Bird Protection So... Canterbury District Health Board Pacific Women's Health Research and...
Orion Healthcare Ltd.
St Joseph's Healthcare
Q-Bit Ltd. Biodiscovery New Zealand Ltd.
Muscular Dystrophy Association of N... DaVinci Clinic
Pathlab
North Canterbury Veterinary Clinics Karori Sanctuary Trust Mangere Community Health Trust (Pri... Heretaunga Health
BC Consulting Ltd. Callaghan Innovation
University of Otago
Southern District Health Board Totara Hospice Wise Group
Aquanet Consulting Ltd. Rauawaawa Kaumatua Charitable Trust
Heart Foundation of New Zealand
Hamilton Zoo MidCentral District Health Board Auckland Surgical Centre Pacific Edge Biotechnology Ltd.
Katipo Communications Rock Engineering Consultant Clinical Systems
Northern Southland Veterinary Servi... Arohanui Hospice
ECG Consultants Christchurch City Council Perinatal and Maternal Mortality Re...
Pest-Tech New Zealand Treasury Fauna Finders Presbyterian Church of New Zealand Project Litefoot Trust
CPG New Zealand Ltd. New Zealand Rheumatology Association
Bartonk Solutions VetSouth Ltd Contact Energy Ltd.
Coast and Catchment Ltd Te Aho Tapu Trust-Psychological Ser... Safekids New Zealand
JRL Consulting Ltd. New Zealand Veterinary Pathology Ltd. CIGNA Health
New Zealand Needle Exchange Programme
Dragonfly Ltd. PollenPlus Ltd.
Epi-interactive Canterbury Museum
FitzRoy of Merivale Whanganui District Health Board
Horowhenua Library Trust Doctors for Sexual Abuse Care
PharmTech Service Limited Health Alliance Auckland Dermatology
Northland District Health Board Nielsen Company
Mountains to Sea Conservation Trust Polybatics Ltd. Quay Park Medical Centre
MSD Animal Health Ltd Davidson Environmental Ltd. Eco-Vista Photography and Research ... Hawke's Bay District Health Board Siemens Healthcare
Fishing Vessel Management Services ... Ascot Women's Cancer Centre of New ...
Deepwater Group Ltd Forest and Bird Medical Research Institute of New Z... Medlab Central New Zealand National Eye Bank
Te Reo a Taiao Ngati Raukawa Enviro... Stardome Observatory Tairawhiti District Health Board
South Wairarapa Veterinary Services Inland Revenue New Zealand AIDS Foundation
Aquatic Research Solutions Ltd. New Zealand Medical Association
Victoria University of Wellington
Marine Wildlife Research Ltd Nelson Marlborough District Health ... South Seas Primary Healthcare
Feilding Medical Centre Bay Urology
Solid Energy New Zealand Ltd
Kapiti Coast District Council Western Heights High School
Wildlife Management International L... Bodeker Scientific Capital and Coast District Health B...
New Zealand Nurses Organisation
The Forensic Group Limited Ropata Village Medical Centre
Tipu Ora Community Dental Service CURT St George's Medical Centre
Canterbury Medical Imaging Te Papa Tongarewa Kidney Health New Zealand
Rangiora West Veterinary Clinic Possum Observatory New Zealand Brain Research Institute Z Energy Broadway Surgical Clinic ABI Rehabilitation New Zealand Ltd.
Sextant Technology Ltd. Oralis Limited Statistics New Zealand Eastern Institute of Technology New Zealand Defence Force Grace Hospital
Magritek Limited Centre for Backyard Astrophysics
Tauranga Boys' College Wellington Zoo DM Consultants St George's Medical Centre Marinoto Clinic Abacus ALS
Pacific Orthopaedics Geomarine Research
ECoast Limited Local Government New Zealand Mesynthes Ltd.
Ornithological Society of New Zealand Hutt Valley District Health Board GroPlus Ltd.
Capital Eye Specialists
Arotec Diagnostics Ltd. Te Runanga o Ngai Tahu Auckland Zoo Christchurch Polytechnic Institute ...
New Zealand School of Music Gillies McIndoe Research Institute National LCP Office
IZON Science Ltd. Southern Photonics Ltd Aotea Pathology Ltd. Spinal Cord Injury Network
Kiwi Wildlife Covec Ltd Synergenz Biosciences Ltd Asia New Zealand Foundation
Molehill Astronomical Observatory Acurity Health Group ltd. Intensive Care Flight Paramedic
Cape Sanctuary Quest Integrity Group Ltd.
Center for Backyard Astrophysics Health Promotion Agency PHARMAC Tauranga Urology Research
O'Kane Consultants (NZ) Ltd Turitea Observatory Pharmaceuticol Ltd
Rolleston Veterinary Clinic Open Polytechnic of New Zealand Southern Cochlear Implant Programme Sapere Research Group Hyperbaric Health Healthscope Laboratories
Northern Southland College Ako Aotearoa National Centre for Te... New Zealand Blood Service Southern Community Laboratories Ltd Ascot Angiography
Dumpark Data Science Kotare Bioethics Infrastructure Decisions Limited Telecom New Zealand Ltd Auckland Astronomical Society
New Zealand China Friendship Societ... Methanex Whakauae Research
The Vet Centre Marlborough Ltd Taranaki Veterinary Centre Mighty River Power Ltd. Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs Oral Health Centre
Mulgor Consulting Ltd.
BirdLife Global Seabird Programme Revolution Fibres Ltd Land Information New Zealand New Zealand Institute of Economic R... Zenith Technology Ltd.
Vestec Capital Limited Dunedin South Veterinary Clinic ERA Ecology New Zealand College of Midwives
Areograph Ltd. South Canterbury District Health Bo...
Foundation for Research Science and... Tu Kotahi Maori Asthma Trust Toi Tangata Baxter Healthcare Limited
Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Auth... Fred Hollows Foundation Hospice New Zealand Hawke's Bay Alcohol and Drug Service Bio Soil and Crop Ltd
Mary Potter Hospice Needle Exchange Programme NZ New Zealand Institute of Rural Health
Otago Museum Palaecol Research Ltd Pegasus Health Ltd S.L.I. Systems AFT Pharmaceuticals Ltd New Zealand Climate & Health Council
Hot Solutions Ltd. New Zealand National LCP Office INR Online Ltd
Fern Research Foundation Malaghan Institute of Medical Resea... Cancer Control Council of New Zealand
Kaikoura Ocean Research Institute I... ABB Power Quality Pacific Radiology Group Wairarapa Alcohol and Drug Service
Clutha Veterinary Association Ngati Rangi Trust Resilient Organisations Otago Polytechnic Canterbury Health Ltd
Wellington International Airport Li... Compac Technologies Stuart Barnes Optical Design Ancare Scientific Ltd STRATUM Ltd
Aspiring Veterinary Service Ltd Antarctica Scientific Limited Fox and Associates-Consulting Surve... Te Omanga Hospice Eaton Power Quality Ltd. Christchurch Emergency Care Foundat...
Breen Consulting Best Practice Advocacy Centre NaeNae Medical Centre
New Zealand Seafood Industry Counci... Allen & Clarke Policy and Regulato... Sanders Consulting Ltd. Wellington Institute of Technology
SUSH Global Solutions PetVet Animal Lower Hutt Dovedale Ltd. MARS Bioimaging Ltd Wakefield Clinic New Zealand Institute of Medical La... Meditrina Ltd
Wairarapa District Health Board Donald Beasley Institute New Zealand Familial Gastrointestin...
Electricity Authority Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade Wellington Free Ambulance Streamliners Ltd Devon Medical Centre
EcoGecko Consultants Ltd. Batten Animal Research Network Aotearoa Alcohol and Other Drug Con... New Zealand Gynaecological Cancer F...
Agribusiness Group Cyperus Ltd
MWH New Zealand Ltd Compass Health Southern Cross Hospital Orthopaedic Services
Neil Fitzgerald Photography NZ Oil and Gas Office of the Parliamentary Commiss... Zink Research NextWindow Ltd
Nutrition Society of New Zealand Sense Medical Ltd New Zealand Spinal Trust Kina Families and Addictions Trust Kingdom Clinic
Blue Water Marine Research CRL Energy Ltd. Biopolymer Network Ltd
Streamlined Environmental Levin and Horowhenua Veterinary Cen... Pyrotek
New Zealand Association of Optometr... Hally Labels Ministry of Education
Taihape Veterinary Services Ltd New Zealand Sports Turf Institute Lowe NZ Syft Technologies Ltd Nurse Maude Association International Student Ministries of...
Canterbury Rugby Football Union and... Rayonier New Zealand Ltd
StratEDGY New Zealand Winegrowers Intensive Care Services
Tipa and Associates Ltd. Scott Associates Limited
Waimakariri District Council Aroa Biosurgery Waikato Neurology Group
Nelson Marlborough Fish and Game New Zealand Breast Cancer Foundation
Veterinary Services Hawke's Bay Ltd. New Zealand Guidelines Group
TS-dot Engineering Ltd. Asphalt Products Limited N-Squared Software FuturebyDesign Ltd. Chilton Saint James School
Powerhouse Ventures Ltd Trinity Bioactives Ltd
Royal New Zealand Plunket Society West Coast District Health Board Henderson Medical Centre Newtown Medical Centre
Insights MSD Saltwater Science Ltd Terrageologica Alcohol Harm Minimisation Advisory ... Ministry of Consumer Affairs
Eudyptes EcoConsulting Ltd New Zealand Medical Students' Assoc... Rotorua General Practice Group West View Pharmacy
YouniqueCreative St John Ambulance
Ichthyo-niche Ensys Ltd Rumenz Ltd Tait Communications Ruaimoko Productions and Consultanc... Patients First Solutionsplus
Glenfield Hospital Vetlife Temuka The Virtual Institute of Statistica... Waitakere Union Health Centre
Whitford Wildbird Care Centre Koti Technologies Cancer Society of New Zealand Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Oamaru Hospital ILR Sydenham Dental Centre
Synapt Consulting Limited Cuttriss Consultants Ltd Whanganui Regional Museum Rangiora Veterinary Centre Te Puni Kokiri OPSM
Lassey Research and Education Ltd ARANZ Geo Ltd Wrybill Birding Tours Whitireia New Zealand
Aeroqual Ltd. Papamoa Pines Medical Centre
Radio Spectrum Management Weta Digital
Laura Fergusson Trust Staples Rodway Braemar Hospital
Kono Horticulture Limited
Ministry for Primary Industry Otago Girls High School Energy Efficiency and Conservation ... Quigley and Watts Ltd. CentralMed
Applied Research Associates New Zea... Wiri Timber GISMAPED
Ministry of Social Development Omahu Urology Clinic
FEM Ltd. Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust Future Steps New Zealand National Forensic Patho...
Enviro-Mark Solutions Ltd. Benthic Science Ltd. Rangiora New Life School Ancare New Zealand Ltd. Kiwikiwi Research and Evaluation Se...
Cambridge Clinic
Alpine and Polar Processes Consulta... Tristram Clinic Bennett Scientific Capital Research
OceanWaveS Pacific Ltd. Hospice Palliative Care Education
Kia Maia Ltd. Auckland Institute of Studies Southern Institute of Technology Southern Clinical Trials Group Ltd.
Sinclair Knight Merz Ltd Edmund Lawler and Associates Limited Innate therapeutics Pukekohe Veterinary Centre Optimal Clinical Trials Antipodean Pharmaceuticals
Auckland Botanic Gardens Environmental Management Services Christchurch Vascular Group
Central and Southern New Zealand Cr...
Centre for Dairy Excellence St Mary's College STOP Adolescent Programme Innate Immunotherapeutics Limited Digestive Health Services
Imery's Tableware NZ Ltd New Zealand Institute of Community ...
Paraparaumu College ARANZ Medical Scanning Dyspraxia Support Group of New Zeal...
Orokonui Ecosanctuary Qnique Ltd Tala Pasifika New Brighton Health Care Boulcott Hospital
Westland High School
MLB Consulting Engineers Maori Hill Clinic TracPlus Global Ltd
P. A. and S. C. Steens Limited Pasifika Research Ltd Topajka Shaw Consulting Limited Colin Christian Ltd. Capital Vision Research Trust Auckland Clinical Studies Ltd.
International Earth Sciences IESE L... LightBox Psychology Services City Fitness
HodderBalog Social and Scientific R... Katoa Ltd Hernia Clinic Kowhai Health Trust
Scott Technology Limited Cameron Medical Clinic
GEOKEM Mental Health Education Resource Ce... Christchurch Psychologists' Office
Holcim (NZ) Keraplast Research
World Wide Fund For Nature New Zeal... Unison Networks Limited
CanZealand Geoscience Ltd National Library of New Zealand Te ... Dunedin Heat Pumps Limited
State Services Commission Kaikorai Valley College Turanga Health Betta Bees Research Ltd
Stahlton Engineered Concrete Cromwell College Law Commission Trades Training Te Tapuae O Rehua Foot Science International Ltd.
Carroll Consulting ltd Ryder Consulting Ltd Cashmere Health Sport New Zealand
Allan Planning and Research Ltd. Worldwise Travellers Health and Vac... Oritain Global Ltd.
Specialised Architecture Services Ltd The Champion Centre Institution of Professional Enginee... Practitioners First Limited
Canterbury Charity Hospital Trust Diabetes Otago Inc
Prohealth Physiotherapy Ltd
Lincolne Scott Ltd. Columba College Langimalie Clinic Christchurch Clinical Studies Trust
Mark L Batchelar Consulting Engineers Amity Health Centre Otago Community Hospice
New Zealand School Acupuncture and ... Life Technologies Ltd. Otakaro Pathways Ltd Hutt Valley High School
Horowhenua Community Practice
Stronger Christchurch Infrastructur... Jade Software Corporation Orange Consulting Youth Specialty Service Sustainability Society
New Zealand Qualifications Authority OTRS Group Ltd
New Zealand Stock Exchange Marshall Day Acoustics Ltd.
Kiwicap Research Ltd Fabrum Solutions Whisper Tech. Ltd. Southern Obesity Surgery The Life Flight Trust
Dunedin City Council Porirua City Council
The Correspondence School SUERC Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory
Southern Geophysical Ltd Body Aid Clinic Ltd
Development Action Ecosynergy Group Ltd (EGL) Lake Hawea Institute of Cryodynamics
Newman Energy Research ENZO Nutraceuticals Limited Opus Research
Sportsmed John Jones Steel Urology Associates Leinster Orthopaedic Centre
Member International Neuropsycholog...
Auckland-Waikato Fish and Game Coun... Air Quality Ltd. Ministry of Justice Akaroa Medical Centre
Western Springs College
Hush Interiors Ltd Toitu Te Whenua Drummond Food Science Advisory Ltd. Assa Abloy New Zealand Ltd
DHI Water and Environment New Zealand Institute for Plastic a... Canterbury Civil Defence and Emerge...
Carter National Observatory
Wellington East Girls College Children's Specialist Centre
Tauranga City Council Southern Rehabilitation Institute
Te Arawa Tribal Research Project Te Punaha Matatini New Zealand Organisation for Rare D... Rolleston Medical Centre
Innov8 Group Ltd. Financial Markets Authority
Spotswood College New Zealand Antarctic Institute Animation Research Limited
NZ Parsa Tiling Limited Health Care Aotearoa Whatever It Takes (WIT)
The Breast Centre Ferndale School Colgate-Palmolive Ltd Midwifery Council of New Zealand Clinical Horizons
Kiwi Well Evaluation Ltd Duncan Cotterill Wellington Regional Plastic Central Otago Tourism Aviation Industry Association of Ne...
Private Endodontic Practice National Addiction Centre
MAGAK Geoventures Limited Intus Digestive and Colorectal Care
New Zealand Dental Association
UltraMSK
Te Whare o Ngati Kahu Hauora
Symes de Silva House New River Ltd
Brian Ricketts Geological Consultin... Department of Corrections
Powell Geosciences Ltd. Wellington Astronomical Society West Coast Primary Health Organisat...
Chiptech Ltd
Development By Design Google Oracle New Zealand Cadwallader Tree Consultancy Hagley Community College
Te Taiwhenua o Heretaunga
Petersgate Counselling Centre Isolytix
Airborne Honey Ltd. Alexandra Medical Centre New Zealand Agricultural Aviation A...
Saint Helena National Trust Dr. Malcolm McKellar Ltd.
Sky Blue House Ltd.
National Maori Health Workforce Org...
Otorohanga Dental Surgery Hanmer Clinic Tauranga South Link Health Inc.
Crown Fibre Holdings Limited Investigation Geology Ltd
Spinal Cord Society New Zealand Smokechange Limited
Wilson Environmental Services Otago Daily Times Collective
Milton Health Centre Reveal Infrastructure Ltd.
New Zealand Parliament Centre for Minerals Environmental R...
Palmerston North City Library GHD Limited
Makoura College Gentrack Limited
Magic Sparks Early Learning and Dev...
Milner Consulting Ltd. New Zealand Homebased Early Childho... New Zealand Olympic Committee
Quintessence Developments Ltd. Techion Group Limited Te Awakairangi Health Network
Active Health
Promisia Ltd Glass Earth Gold Ltd
New Zealand Breastfeeding Authority Centennial Health
Structex Studio Limited
Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zea... Agencies for Nutrition Action
Riccarton Rotary
OPRA Consulting Group Upper Hutt City Library
BCRL Energy Limited
Elmwood Orthopaedics
Harker Underground Construction Lim... Carter Holt Harvey Ltd. Wicksteed Medical Services Whanganu...
Quintern Innovation Ltd
Blues Rugby Club
Medical Council of New Zealand (MCNZ)
New Zealand Geotechnical Society In... Rotary Club of Riccarton
TrustPower Ltd. Highlanders Rugby
New Zealand Employment Service and ...
Pulp Mill Technical Group
Travel Clinic NZ Strong Construction
Noke Ltd.
Structural Engineering Society New ...
New Zealand Society for Earthquake ...
Dobbie Engineers Ltd.
Figure 1: New Zealand Scientific collaboration network visualised as a weighted network (image credit © Samin Aref)
4
Analysing Scientific Collaborations of NZ Institutions ACSW 2018, January 30-February 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
4.2 Induced Subgraphs of Crown Research
Institutes
In what follows, smaller parts of the network, commonly
referred to as ego networks, are illustrated. Ego networks are
induced subgraphs of neighbours centered at a specific node.
Figs. 2-8 represent the induced subgraphs of 7 CRIs and
their collaborators. Each induced subgraph represents the main
institution located in the centre with a distinctive node size. The
other nodes represent the collaborating institutions that are all
connected to the central node and coloured respective to the
classification. Thickness of the edges is proportional to the
number of joint publications between the collaborating
institutions. Business enterprises are shown in red, government
institutions in green, higher education institutions in blue, and
PNP organisations in purple.
From the induced subgraph in Fig. 2 we observe that
AgResearch has strong collaboration ties to higher education Figure 3: ESR induced subgraph
institutions. There are many business enterprises collaborating
with AgResearch as shown in Fig. 2. The ESR induced subgraph
shows strong collaboration ties to higher education institutions.
There are only a few collaborating PNPs in the induced
subgraph of ESR in Fig. 3, while government category seems to
account for many ESR collaborators. Like subgraphs of
AgResearch and ESR, GNS Science induced subgraph and that
of Landcare Research show strong collaboration ties to higher
education institutions. Fig. 4 shows that a few PNPs collaborate
with GNS Science, while many PNPs have collaboration with
Landcare Research as illustrated in Fig. 5.
Figure 4: GNS Science induced subgraph
Figure 2: AgResearch induced subgraph
Figure 5: Landcare Research induced subgraph
5
ACSW 2018, January 30-February 2, 2018, Brisbane, QLD, Australia S. Aref et al.
Fig. 6 indicates that NIWA collaborates with all four types of
institutions and most actively with higher education
institutions. There are many PNPs collaborating with NIWA
compared to other CRIs. Fig. 7 demonstrates relatively many
business enterprises collaborating with Plant and Food
Research. Strong ties to higher education institutions are visible
for Plant and Food Research induced subgraph. The number of
Scion collaborators is less than most other CRIs as evident in
Fig. 8 which only shows one PNP collaborator.
Figure 8: Scion induced subgraph
4.3 Centrality Analysis of the Network
The rest of this Section provides quantitative results on two
centrality analyses that determine the most central institutions
of the network.
Considering New Zealand collaboration network as a map
representing the connections between institutions, it would be
insightful to find the most important nodes of the network
[22,23]. Betweenness [23] and eigenvector centrality [24] are
standard network analysis tools that provide a quantitative
Figure 6: NIWA induced subgraph measure of centrality for nodes of a given network.
Betweenness centrality captures the importance of a node in a
network based on its role of connecting other nodes. It
measures how often a specific node appears on a path between
two other nodes [23]. Eigenvector centrality contains an
aggregate of a node’s degree and its neighbours’ degrees
summed up based on a decreasing weight of distance to the
neighbour [24].
Figs. 9-10 show ten most central institutions based on
betweenness and eigenvector centrality measures respectively.
Figure 7: Plant and Food Research induced subgraph
Figure 9: Central institutions based on betweenness
centrality
6
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