ATHLETE DEVELOPMENT The Science of Fun - Heather Mannix - WAHA Hockey
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ATHLETE DEVELOPMENT
The Science of Fun
Heather Mannix
ADM Manager, Female Hockey
FUN INTEGRATION THEORY
INTEGRATING THE SCIENCE OF FUN
WHAT IS FUN? • It’s the #1 reason why kids play sports • You know when you’re having it • You know when you’re not
OUR FEAR AS ADULTS
COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS
MYTH:
Fun is synonymous with “goofing off”
MYTH:
Fun is mutually exclusive from athlete development.
ELITE
FUN
PERFORMANCE
HOW EXACTLY DO YOU DEFINE FUN?
Ask the kids what they
wantOne thing that makes
playing sports fun for
players is…Winning Talking and goofing off with teammates
Showing team spirit with gear, ribbons, signs, etc. Scrimmaging during practice
Supporting my teammates Getting/staying in shape
Partner and small group drills Playing your favorite position Getting pictures taken
Being known by others for your sport skills Going to sports camp
Copying moves and tricks that professional athletes do
End-of-season/team parties Having people cheer at the game
Having nice sports gear and equipment Getting playing time
Playing well during a game Going out to eat as a team Learning new skills Getting clear, consistent communication from coaches
Having well-organized practices
Setting and achieving goals
Earning medals or trophies Exercising and being active Getting help from teammates
Being around your friends Playing on a nice field Winning Being challenged to improve and get better at your sport
fun
A coach who allows mistakes while staying positive Getting complimented by other parents
Meeting new people Staying in hotels for games/tournaments
Doing team rituals Doing a cool team cheer When a coach
Trying your best encourages the team
Getting along with your teammates Talking and goofing off with When a coach jokes around
When a coach treats players with respect It relieves stress teammates Taking water breaks during practice
Traveling to new places to play
Practicing with specialty trainers/coaches Ignoring the score
Competing Ref who makes consistent calls
A nice, friendly coach Hanging out with teammates outside of practice or games
Being congratulated for playing well Being supported by my teammates
High-fiving, fist-bumping, hugging Partner and small group drills Eating snacks/treats after the game
Learning from mistakes
Ball touches, including dribbling, passing, shooting, etc. Being strong and confident It relieves stress
Playing against an evenly matched team A coach who knows a lot about the sport
Improving athletic skills to play at the next level Playing hard When parents show good
Working hard Making a good play by scoring, making a big save, etc. sportsmanship by being encouragingWHAT MAKES PLAYING SPORTS FUN?
Youth sport athletes identified these 81 fun-determinants that they organized into 11 fun (Visek et al., 2015)
factors and rated each determinants’ relative importance to having fun.
#1 – Trying Hard #3 – Positive Coaching #4 – Learning and Improving #5 – Games
• Trying your best • When a coach treats players with • Being challenged to improve and get • Getting playing time
• Working hard respect better at your sport • Playing your favorite position
• Exercising and being active • A coach who knows a lot about the • Learning from mistakes • Playing against an evenly
• Getting/staying in shape sport • Improving athletic skills to play at matched team
• Playing well during a game • Having a coach who is a positive the next level • Being known by others for
• Being strong and confident role model • Ball touches, including dribbling, your sport skill
• Competing • When a coach encourages the team passing, shooting, etc. • Playing on a nice field
• Making a good play by scoring, • Getting clear, consistent • Learning new skills • Playing in tournaments
making a big save, etc. communication from coaches • Using a skill you learned in practice
• Setting and achieving goals • A coach who listens and considers during a game #6 – Practice
• Playing rough players’ opinions • Playing different positions
• Having well-organized practices
• A coach who allows mistakes, • Going to sports camp
• Taking winter breaks during
#2 – Positive Team Dynamics while staying positive • Copying moves and tricks that
practice
• Playing well together as a team • A coach who you can talk to easily professional athletes do
• Having the freedom to play
• Supporting my teammates • A nice, friendly coach
creatively
• When players show good • Getting compliments from coaches
• Doing lots of different drills and
sportsmanship • When a coach participates with
activities during practice
• Being supported by my teammates players during practice
• Scrimmage during practice
• Getting help from teammates • When a coach jokes around
• Partner and small group drills
• Warming up and stretching as a • Practicing with specialty
team trainers/coachesWHAT MAKES PLAYING SPORTS FUN?
Youth sport athletes identified these 81 fun-determinants that they organized into 11 fun (Visek et al., 2015)
factors and rated each determinants’ relative importance to having fun.
#7 – Team Friendships #9 – Game Time Support #11 – Swag
• Getting along with your teammates • A ref who makes consistent calls • Having nice sports gear and
• Being around your friends • When parents show good equipment
• Having a group of friends outside sportsmanship by being • Earning medals or trophies
of school encouraging • Traveling to new places to play
• Hanging out with teammates • Being congratulated for playing • Wearing a special, cool uniform
outside of practice or games well • Eating snacks/treats after the game
• Being part of the same team year • Having people cheer at the game • Staying in hotels for
after year • Having your parent(s) watch your games/tournaments
• Meeting new people games • Getting pictures taken
• Taking and goofing off with • Getting complimented by other
teammates parents
#8 – Mental Bonuses #10 – Team Rituals
• Keeping a positive attitude • Showing team spirit with gear,
• Winning ribbons, signs, etc.
• It relieves stress • High-fiving, fist-bumping, hugging
• Ignoring the score • End-of-season/team parties
• Going out to eat as a team
• Doing team rituals
• Carpooling with teammates to
practices and games
• Doing a cool team cheerWHAT MAKES PLAYING SPORTS FUN?
(Visek et al., 2015)SOURCES OF FUN
(Visek et al., 2015)
Games Practices
CONTEXTUAL
Learning
Trying Mental
and
Hard Bonuses
INTERNAL Improving
Positive
Team Team
Team
Friendships Rituals
SOCIAL Dynamics
Game
Positive
Time Swag
Coaching
EXTERNAL SupportTOP 20 FUN-DETERMINANTS
(Visek et al., 2015)
1. Trying your best 11. A coach who knows A lot about the sport
2. Working hard 12. Keeping a positive attitude
3. Exercising and being active 13. Competing
4. Playing well together as a team 14. A coach who is a positive role model
5. Getting/staying in shape 15. Being challenged to improve at your sport
6. Playing well during a game 16. Supporting my teammates
7. Getting along with your teammates 17. When players show good sportsmanship
8. When a coach treats a player with respect 18. A coach who encourages the team
9. Getting playing time 19. Being supported by my teammates
10. Being strong and confident 20. Learning from mistakesSIMILARITY BETWEEN PLAYERS
Fun-Factors Ranked by Importance (Visek et al., 2015)
Primary Importance Key point!
Young athletes are more
1.Trying hard 3.Positive coaching similar than different when it
2.Positive team dynamics comes to their fun priorities.
Secondary Importance Warning!
4.Learning and improving 7.Team friendships Coaches ranked importance
5.Games 8.Mental bonuses of the fun-factors not
congruent with players’
6.Practices 9.Game time support
reported importance.
Tertiary Importance
10. Team rituals
11. SwagTrying Hard
•Trying your best •Being strong and
•Working hard confident
•Exercising and •Competing
being active •Making a good
•Getting & staying play
in shape (scoring/saving)
•Playing well •Setting and
during a game achieving goals
•Play hard
Learning and Improving
•Being challenged •Using a skill you
to improve & get learned in practice
better during a game
•Learning from •Playing different
mistakes positions
•Improving skills to •Going to sports
play at the next camp
level •Coping
•Ball/puck touches, moves/tricks of
dribbling, passing, pro athletes
shooting
•Learning new
skillsTrying Hard
•Trying your best •Being strong and
•Working hard confident
•Exercising and •Competing
being active •Making a good
•Getting & staying play
in shape (scoring/saving)
•Playing well •Setting and
during a game achieving goals
•Play hard
Learning and Improving
•Being challenged •Using a skill you
to improve & get learned in practice
better during a game
•Learning from •Playing different
mistakes positions
•Improving skills to •Going to sports
play at the next camp
level •Coping
•Ball/puck touches, moves/tricks of
dribbling, passing, pro athletes
shooting
•Learning new
skillsTrying Hard
•Trying your best •Being strong and
•Working hard confident
•Exercising and •Competing
being active •Making a good
•Getting & staying play
in shape (scoring/saving)
•Playing well •Setting and
during a game achieving goals
•Play hard
Learning and Improving
•Being challenged •Using a skill you
to improve & get learned in practice
better during a game
•Learning from •Playing different
mistakes positions
•Improving skills to •Going to sports
play at the next camp
level •Coping
•Ball/puck touches, moves/tricks of
dribbling, passing, pro athletes
shooting
•Learning new
skillsTrying Hard
•Trying your best •Being strong and
•Working hard confident
•Exercising and •Competing
being active •Making a good
•Getting & staying play
in shape (scoring/saving)
•Playing well •Setting and
during a game achieving goals
•Play hard
Learning and Improving
•Being challenged •Using a skill you
to improve & get learned in practice
better during a game
•Learning from •Playing different
mistakes positions
•Improving skills to •Going to sports
play at the next camp
level •Coping
•Ball/puck touches, moves/tricks of
dribbling, passing, pro athletes
shooting
•Learning new
skills5 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF GOOD
PRACTICE DESIGN
Fun Constant decision making Challenges the players
Puck Touches
Looks like the game (Repetition without Repetitiveness)PRACTICES FOR MAINTENANCE
“
Those are your 5 on 0 drills,
” •82 game season, travel,
those are flow drills…. players that have played for
they’re drills that basically years and years
get the blood flowing and
the players are able to feel
the puck and they’re not too •Needed at the pro level to
hard, but they’re doing
nothing for the players give them energy to play the
development. next game
John HynesPRACTICES FOR DEVELOPMENT
“
You’re putting a heavy emphasis on the pace in which you practice, ”
you’re putting them in situations where they have to think the game,
there’s multiple pucks in certain drills, they’re game-like situations,
those are areas where when you’re practicing with your players….
you’re improving.
You are constantly have to engage them mentally and then put them in
situations that they have to think, they have to compete and you’re
putting them game-like situations. That’s a practice for development.
John HynesWHAT DOES FUN LOOK LIKE AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS?
WHAT DOES FUN LOOK LIKE AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS?
Fun is DEVELOPMENT Development is FUN
HOW CAN YOU JOIN
THE CONVERSATION
#funintegrationtheory #funmaps
HEATHER MANNIX
ADM Manager for Female Hockey
Heather.Mannix@USAHockey.org
@hmannix14 ADMKids.com
youtube.com/usahockeyYou can also read
