Strategy for Sweden's development cooperation with Sudan 2018-2022
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Strategy for Sweden’s development
cooperation with Sudan
2018–2022
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 11. Focus The objective of Sweden’s international development cooperation is to create opportunities for people living in poverty and oppression to improve their living conditions. Development cooperation will be based on the principles of aid and development effectiveness, and the new agreements reached by the international community in 2015. 1 Within the framework of this strategy, Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan is to contribute to sustainable peace, improved conditions for good public service delivery, and strengthened resilience. The strategy will apply in the period 2018–2022 and provide a total of SEK 1 200 million. 2 1 The development agenda comprises the 2030 Agenda, including its 17 Global Goals and 169 targets for sustainable development, the outcome document of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development (Addis Ababa Action Agenda) and the Paris Agreement. 2 This strategy governs the use of funds under appropriation item 9 ‘Africa’ in the appropriation directions for the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) for each budget year. 2 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan
Activities will contribute to the following objectives:
Sustainable peace
• More inclusive peace processes, with greater participation of women and
young people.
• Improved conditions for peaceful and inclusive societies at the local level.
Human rights, democracy and the rule of law
• Improved rule of law, increased transparency, and strengthened conditions for
accountability.
• Improved conditions for women’s and girls’ enjoyment of human rights, and for
the rights of the child.
Environment, climate, agriculture and energy
• Increased and more sustainable agricultural productivity, and improved
food security.
• More sustainable water resource management, and increased access to water
and sanitation.
• Increased production of, and access to, renewable energy.
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 32. Country context Sudan is one of the world’s poorest cooperation and humanitarian countries, in which around half the assistance particularly important. population lives below the international poverty line of less than USD 1.90 per The conflicts in Sudan have subsided day. Considerable inequalities mark and changed in nature in recent years. Sudanese society, not least between Some progress has been made in the urban and rural areas. About 4.8 national peace process. There is a million of the population of around fragile ceasefire in Darfur, South 39.6 million people are dependent on Kordofan and Blue Nile. Developments humanitarian assistance, particularly in remain uncertain and unpredictable, areas affected by conflict or drought. however, which is why there is an Developments in the surrounding urgent need for reconciliation and region, in which several countries are peacebuilding. Several of the underlying marked by insecurity and conflict, have causes of conflict and insecurity in an impact on developments in Sudan. Sudan still need to be addressed, Many refugees and migrants have including unequal distribution of found their way to Sudan, while around power, lack of respect for human rights, 2.3 million people have also been limited access to basic public services internally displaced. Sudan’s economy such as education and health care, developed well from 1990 to 2011, competition for natural resources, food primarily because of major oil revenues. and water insecurity, easy access to However, following South Sudan’s weapons and local disputes between succession, the country experienced an different groups. The neglect of Sudan’s economic shock, losing three quarters peripheral areas has long been a root of its oil reserves to the new state. There cause of poverty and insecurity. The is considerable need for economic conflicts in Sudan have particularly reforms and economic integration with affected women and young people, neighbouring countries and the rest of while opportunities for these two the world. Sudan’s situation makes the groups to participate in the peace linking of political dialogue, development process have been limited. 4 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan
There are major deficiencies in the also root causes of local conflicts.
protection of human rights and respect Sudan played a prominent role in the
for the rule of law in Sudan. Opportunities African Group during the Paris
for the population, especially Agreement negotiations.
women, to participate in democratic
decision-making processes are limited.
Civil society and the media are regularly
prevented from operating. Extensive
violations of human rights and interna-
tional humanitarian law have taken
place during the conflict in Sudan. Such
violations and abuses, as well as
widespread impunity, are root causes of
continued conflict and insecurity. The
situation for women and girls is
particularly difficult. Traditional values,
together with religious beliefs and
legislation, restrict or hinder their
enjoyment of their human rights.
Sexual and gender-based violence, and
genital mutilation, are commonplace.
Sudan is affected by climate change
and environmental challenges, such as
shorter and irregular rainy seasons, land
erosion and pollution. Sparse vegetative
cover in some areas results in an
increased risk of desertification and
land degradation. These difficulties are
intensified by rapid population growth,
which leads to an increasing demand
for land. More than half the population
are dependent on agriculture or
cattle-farming for their livelihood.
Competition for natural resources, such
as water, land and minerals, and the
adverse effects of climate change are
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 53. Activities
Sweden’s development cooperation stances of people and societies. The
with Sudan will be based on and guiding principle is that economic,
characterised by a rights perspective social and environmental conditions
and the perspectives of poor people on and processes are to be understood and
development. The rights perspective managed in an integrated context.
means that human rights and democracy Gender equality and the empowerment
are regarded as fundamental to deve- and rights of women and girls are both
lopment. Such an approach involves goals in themselves, and a prerequisite
giving visibility, ahead of each and a means for achieving sustainable
contribution, to individuals and groups global development. Violence and
who are discriminated against, excluded armed conflict are among the greatest
or marginalised, so that all people, obstacles to economic and social
regardless of gender, age, disability, development, and development
ethnicity, religion or other belief, sexual cooperation is an important part of
orientation, or transgender identity or conflict prevention. For this reason, an
expression, can enjoy their rights. environmental and climate perspective,
The perspectives of poor people on a gender perspective and a conflict
development means that the situation, perspective will be systematically
needs, circumstances and priorities of integrated into Sweden’s development
poor women, men and children will be cooperation with Sudan.
the basis for poverty reduction and
promotion of equitable and sustainable The internationally agreed principles
development. on development effectiveness are to be
applied in Swedish development
Sweden’s development cooperation cooperation and adapted to the specific
must be economically, socially and context in Sudan. Primary responsibility
environmentally sustainable, and for the country’s development lies with
gender-equal. Development cooperation its government and other national
is based on a comprehensive approach actors. Ownership is seen in a broad,
to the challenges, needs and circum- inclusive perspective that, in addition to
6 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudanstate actors, includes relevant parts Sweden will contribute to strengthened
of civil society. Development coopera- respect for human rights in Sudan,
tion must place local ownership of focusing particularly on women’s and
development at its core. children’s rights. Activities should
focus on particularly neglected areas,
To contribute to sustainable peace in such as sexual and reproductive health
Sudan, Sweden will promote more and rights, and contribute to upholding
inclusive peace processes at national human rights for particularly vulnerable
and local level, and a more inclusive people. Development cooperation
society. Development cooperation should increase capacity and expertise
should support peace negotiations and on human rights in civil society and
political processes, as well as activities public administration. Sweden will
to address the root causes of conflict promote strengthened respect for the
and insecurity in Sudan. Activities rule of law and increased public
should take account of developments in participation in political processes.
the surrounding region and cross- Development cooperation should help
border challenges, and contribute to women, men, girls and boys to gain
increased political and economic access to effective law enforcement
integration in the region. Confiden- agencies and improve their opportunities
ce-building measures, such as support to participate in decision-making at
to a free, independent and accountable both national and local level. The
media, and reconciliation efforts may widespread impunity and lack of
form part of the activities. Sweden will transparency should be countered,
give special priority to providing and the conditions for accountability
women and young people with further strengthened.
opportunities to contribute to a
peaceful and inclusive society, based on To contribute to environmentally
Security Council resolutions 1325 and and climate-resilient sustainable
2250. To ensure that women and young development in Sudan, Sweden will
people can participate in a meaningful also promote more sustainable use of
way in peace processes, additional natural resources. Activities will
measures with regards to their rights, strengthen resilience to crises, disasters
representation and resources are and climate change by contributing to
required. Activities should contribute increased and more sustainable agricultural
to the ongoing work on children and production, including forestry and
armed conflict in Sudan. fishery, more sustainable water resource
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 7management and sanitation, and the prevailing insecurity, and ensure
increased production and access to preparedness to rapidly increase forms
renewable energy. Development of support that directly address the
cooperation is expected to contribute needs of households or individuals.
to improved food security and better
nutrition, particularly for women and The focus of activities and the specific
children, and to economic growth that context will govern the choice of
benefits the entire population. Sweden partners and forms of cooperation. The
should strengthen efforts to ensure main partners for Sweden’s developme-
sustainable agriculture, including in nt cooperation with Sudan should be
areas that have taken in many internally international and multilateral organisa-
displaced people, refugees or migrants. tions, and civil society organisations.
Activities should take account of the Cooperation with public administration
fact that rural populations are particularly may be carried out to a limited extent as
vulnerable to the adverse effects of a complement to work with other
climate change, including involuntary actors. Experience has shown that the
migration. Development cooperation chances of success are greatest when
should contribute to increasing the change agents at national and local level
capacity of civil society and public are included and strengthened.
administration. Activities should Development cooperation will support
contribute to creating platforms for reform-oriented forces seeking peaceful
civil society organisations to influence and sustainable societal solutions,
developments in Sudan. Sweden should promote greater respect for human
promote better conditions for the rights, democracy and the rule of law,
implementation of Sudan’s nationally and support greater gender equality.
determined contribution within the Exchange between Swedish and
framework of the Paris Agreement, and Sudanese agencies and actors may be
for Sudan to be able to apply for and considered in order to support for
obtain funding from international capacity development. Opportunities
environment and climate funds. to work with the private sector will be
examined, particularly regarding
Sweden’s development cooperation agriculture and renewable energy.
with Sudan will contribute to increased
resilience to crises and disasters. Development cooperation with Sudan
Activities should include contributions calls for a conflict-sensitive approach,
at national and local level to adapt flexibility and perseverance. Great
structures and resource allocation to importance should be given to
8 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudanfollowing developments in Sudan and Synergies must be harnessed between
the surrounding region. A level of the different areas of the strategy and
preparedness must be maintained to with activities within the framework of
quickly reassess or adapt activities other strategies, such as the strategy for
based on new conditions, redistribute sustaining peace, the regional strategy
aid between the various areas of for sub-Saharan Africa, the regional
activity, and increase support to strategy for sexual and reproductive
effective initiatives. A level of health and rights, and the strategy for
preparedness must also be maintained humanitarian aid. Sida is to ensure that
to conduct strategic initiatives of an integrated approach is taken to
limited scope in critical phases. Against development cooperation with Sudan.
this background, consultation Sweden’s support, including through
between the Ministry for Foreign multilateral organisations, should form
Affairs and the Swedish International a basis for dialogue.
Development Cooperation Agency
(Sida) is important. The strategy will be followed up
according to the principles and processes
Sweden will promote coherent and stated in the Government guidelines
effective development and donor for strategies in Swedish development
coordination in Sudan, including by cooperation and humanitarian aid.
leading or taking part in relevant Evaluations are to be considered an
coordinating groups. Sida should integral part of continuous follow-up
prioritise development and analysis of and be conducted as necessary. Various
new methods for cooperation between performance monitoring methods are
development actors and humanitarian to be applied, using both qualitative
actors to promote the UN’s and the and quantitative performance data.
donor community’s New Way of
Working. Sweden should play an active
role in EU aid coordination and
possible joint programming. Sida
should examine the possibility of
carrying out initiatives funded by the
EU Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF),
based on Sweden’s development
policy priorities.
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 910 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan
Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan 11
Ministry of Foreign Affairs 103 39 Stockholm government.se 12 Strategy for Sweden’s development cooperation with Sudan
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