THE J&N ELECTRIC BUSINESS PROFILE - The GRAND Re-Boot A New Surprise Around Every Corner Let's Talk Recalls Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Electric ...
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THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AUTOMOTIVE PARTS REMANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION APRIL • 2020
THE J&N ELECTRIC
BUSINESS PROFILE
The GRAND Re-Boot
A New Surprise Around
Every Corner
Let’s Talk Recalls
Hybrid and Electric Vehicle
Electric Motors
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2758 C
Kripli’s Corner Contents
The J&N Electric Business Profile... 4
The Grand Re-Boot................... 8
THE REMANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WILL SURVIVE,
A New Surprise Around
WE WILL BE OK! Every Corner......................... 11
W
Let's Talk Recalls..................... 14
OW! driving more than flying at first and will need
Hybrid and Electric Vehicle
Where do dependable transportation. New car sales will
Electric Motors....................... 16
I begin? It slump, which means people will keep their
Remanufacturing Seeks Its
certainly doesn’t end current vehicle and repair it before buying
Own NCAIS Codes..........................19
anytime soon. new ones. Yes, there will be a recession, so
plan for it. We Are Remanufacturers Too........21
I bought my first Cyril Russell Memorial....................23
mask last week, Be thankful we are not in the restaurant
weird. My neighbor business, my heart goes out to those folks,
made me a mask, many of their businesses won’t survive and
Advertisers
Joe Kripli
weird again, but they will have to start over. Support them Armex.................................. 2
very appreciative. I check my temperature, when you can, get some carry out, they will APRA Tech............................ 7
because I feel warm sometimes, but so far, so need us shortly when they need to repair their ACDC Hybrid and
good (fingers crossed). cars and trucks. See how this works? It’s a EV Training Resources.............. 13
circular economy, we depend on each other. BPS Companies................................13
I am concerned about my family members
as well as all of my extended APRA family Be sure to utilize what the Government YouTech Group LLC........................13
members. These are stressful and concerning is offering, you deserve it and you have Clamps and Tool...............................13
times, but I know we will make it through it. earned it. And you have paid for it over the North American Bancard................15
I am extremely impressed with our Members years (Taxes!). If you need help with PPP PAACE automechanicka.................20
and how positively they have responded (Paycheck Postponement Plan) or the SBL Barsanco, Inc.+ IAT, Inc..................23
to being “ESSENTIAL” businesses in their (Small Business Loan) applications, please Rebullders Automotive Supply.......24
respective Cities and States. reach out to APRA and we can get you in
Another part of me sees it as business touch with experts that will help you.
as usual, I know, that sounds crazy. But We are also making this commitment to our INDUSTRY CALENDAR
here’s my logic, it’s just more change, as Members and the Members of any other REMAN DAY
Remanufacturers and Suppliers we are Association, if you need a part, a component, APRIL 9, 2020
constantly reviewing our strategy, customer and you can’t find it, let us know. We will Global
base, market share, and product diversity. reach out across the globe to find what you
So what’s the big deal if now I have to wear a need. Please, utilize the APRA resources. We AUTOMECHANIKA
mask when I eventually get to visit customers did it during WWII, and we will do it again! SEPTEMBER 8-12, 2020
or attend the Big R Show? It’s just another part Frankfurt, Germany
Stay Safe and Healthy my friends!!
of change within our “always” crazy world. It’s INA/PAACE automechanika
almost become normal that we have so much Respectfully,
SEPTEMBER 24-26, 2020
change in our lives and our businesses. Joe Kripli Mexico City
Yes, I know, this one will be tough, maybe BigR SHOW
tougher than most. Tougher than 2009, but P. S. Notice I didn’t say C....-19 in my
OCTOBER 10-13, 2020
we did a darn good job as an Industry to pull editorial, I’m already tired of that!
Nashville, TN USA
through it, and we will pull through it again. I always welcome response or rebuttal to my
I’ll admit, this one might take a little longer, APRA EUROPEAN
comments at kripli@apra.org and sometimes
vehicles aren’t moving, people aren’t putting SYMPOSIUM
my editorials do not reflect the position of
miles on their cars and trucks. So yes, we will DECEMBER 1-3, 2020
the APRA.
have a lag. But I assure you, people will be Prague, Czech Republic
The APRA REMAN Connection Volume 30, Number 1
Office Contact: APRA President: APRA Chairman: REMAN Connection Editor:
Phone: (703) 968-2772 Joe Kripli - kripli@apra.org Tom Jackson - tom@coresupply.com The Promo Corp - www.thepromocorp.com
FAX: (703) 968-2772
Email: info@apra.org
COPYWRITE 2020/AUTOMOTIVE PARTS REMANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION. The APRA Reman Connection is published as a membership service by the APRA. The
opinions expressed in the articles in this publication are those of the author of the articles and not the publisher. While every reasonable attempt has been made to
assure that the information in this publication is accurate, the publisher assumes no responsibility for any omissions or errors, nor for the application of any advice
or suggestions in any particular situation. Due to space limitations, all items published are subject to abridgment. Unsolicited items will not be returned.
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 3
THE J&N ELECTRIC BUSINESS PROFILE
J&N — Parts for the Future
Joe Kripli and Matt Dotson
F
ounded in 1954 by John Kuechly as an automotive repair J&N History
shop in Cincinnati, Ohio, J&N is a warehouse distributor
specializing in the starter and alternator rotating electric Beginning
segment of the automotive, heavy duty, industrial, agricultural
John Kuechly began J&N in the summer of 1954 as a
and marine aftermarket.
general automotive repair shop in a basement of a building
J&N has grown into a global distributor which now in Cincinnati, Ohio. Whenever possible, John preferred
offers rotating electric units and parts in every major electrical work over the many other areas of automotive
OEM starter and alternator brand, as well as the J&N repair. Over the next six years, John build a store front
aftermarket brand. A comprehensive selection of motors for the J&N business and developed a reputation as a
and component parts, electrical accessories, lighting, tools, specialized service distributor. Delco Remy was added
paints, and shop supplies round out a full-line selection of to the electrical parts offering in 1960, with Prestolite,
electrical solutions. Motorola, Ideal and Westinghouse automotive parts
soon following.
J&N is committed to be the industry leader in customer
service, same day fill rates, product selection and quality.
Growth and Expansion
Constantly expanding product lines, providing broad
product line supports, regularly developing new products, During the summer of 1968, the ‘Big Move’ took place
with over 2,000 new items added annually, and collaborating to a 13,000 square foot building located in Woodlawn, a
on technical solutions have allowed expansion into J&N’s Cincinnati suburb. While employing only fifteen people
diverse customer base. Customers are continually astounded in 1968, sales for the company doubled in size by 1972,
with the extraordinary level of service and amazing product and employees grew to 27. During this growth period,
availability delivered daily by J&N. Cole Hersee and Leece Neville were added to the J&N
product offering.
J&N, a subsidiary of Arrowhead Engineered Product, has
been a member of APRA since 1983.
4 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.org
J&N ELECTRIC BUSINESS PROFILE continued
With the quick growth, more space was needed. J&N The 111,000 square foot facility was designed with a
moved in 1974 to a larger 29,000 square foot facility that footprint that optimizes parts distribution, unit service
provided space for greater efficiency and ease of operation. and remanufacturing. With state-of-the-art automation
In 1981 production began on J&N’s line own house brand used to fulfill customer orders, parts can easily be accessed
of remanufactured units. The line eventually became from anywhere within the three-story distribution center.
known as JanNco (short for J&N Company). The efficient warehouse design contributes to high order
accuracy, proper inventory placement and quick order
In December of 1987, J&N again moved around the corner fulfillment. With proper inventory volumes, the facility
into a new 65,000 square foot building. The new facility ships an average of 250,000 order lines per month, at 99%
supported the growing J&N, with additional space in accuracy.
practically all areas and departments,
employing over fifty people. The
facility was specifically designed to
support vehicle service operations,
dedicated remanufacturing space, and
ample warehouse facilities.
The Second Generation
On December 31, 2001, Nicholas
C. Kuechly & Thomas J. Kuechly
purchased the Company from their
father John. To ensure a smooth
transition for the Company, the
employees, customers, and suppliers,
John continued to provide insightful
guidance and direction.
Space for Growth
J&N moved into its current home
at Canal Road in December 2008.
The Future is Now
J&N was purchased by Arrowhead Engineered Products in
January 2017. Founded in 1985, Arrowhead Engineered
Products, headquartered in Blaine, MN, is a worldwide
distributor of non-discretionary, mission-critical
aftermarket replacement parts to over 50,000 dealers,
distributors, repairs shops and small businesses.
Arrowhead is a global leader in the development and
distribution of innovative parts solutions to the Rotating
Electrical, Powersports, Outdoor Power Equipment,
Industrial and Agricultural equipment industries.
Arrowhead branded products J&N, Stens, SilverStreak,
Mega-Fire, TrueBlue, Atlantic Quality Parts, Vertex,
Xtreme, RatioParts, All Balls Racing, Hot Rods, HotCams,
PivotWorks, Cylinder Works, Supersprox, Vertex,
Winderosa, and Wrench Rabbit.
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 5
J&N ELECTRIC BUSINESS PROFILE continued
J&N fits squarely in the Arrowhead
brand of companies, with over 70
OEM/J&N brands for 40,000 stocked
SKUs and another 140,000 non-
Arrowhead’s global footprint includes stocking SKUs available to fit over
14 North American distribution centers 3,500,000 applications.
in the United States and Canada, with
international operations in the United The vision of J&N and Arrowhead
Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Turkey, Engineered Products is clear. To offer
Argentina, India, China and Taiwan. a vast range of parts constructed with
passion and scrupulous attention to
Arrowhead Engineered Products is detail, that perform the same, if not
majority owned by The Riverside Company, better, than OEM products.
a global investment firm focused on being
one of the leading private capital options for investors, Over the next 12 months, J&N will fully integrate into
business owners and employees by fueling transformative the Arrowhead Engineered Products business systems
growth and creating lasting value. for order processing and fulfillment. This consolidation
will provide an expanded product offering of over 65,000
stocked items to J&N customers from all Arrowhead
brands and products.
As stated by Mike Whiteis, Director of Sales for J&N, “We
are ultimately working to become the number one choice
for mission-critical replacement parts. We want to keep
our customers running – over the road, in the dirt, on the
grass, through the snow, and on the water.” ■
For more information about J&N or
Arrowhead Engineered Products, visit
www.jnelectric.com or
www.arrowheadepinc.com.
6 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.org
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 7
THE GRAND RE-BOOT
(business as usual – in some unusual ways)
Steven Haas, DLS Worldwide
A
s of this writing, nearly twenty states have put “shelter in mainstream in 1995 it forced a somewhat painful and costly re-
place” warnings... invention of both business and society, and we all ended up much
The good news is that auto, truck and tractor parts better off with some incredibly useful technologies in place. Not
(new, used and remanufactured) have been deemed essential far after, social media came into play, online commerce began to
commodities so freight will keep flowing as usual. go gangbusters and now we have the underpinnings in place to
both thrive and survive in a challenging new world.
These items have been deemed critical commodities because
we can assist aid and assist in the uninterrupted supply of the The following are a few simple recommendations that will help
essential replacement parts that keep ambulances, fire trucks and you keep your supply chain intact and eliminate complexities
law enforcement vehicles moving not to mention the fact that the and costs:
parts we supply are also needed to keep trucks and ag equipment
Deploy a Multi-carrier Platform
running to maintain a crucial supply chains that provides food,
home deliveries and medical supplies. For starters, if you’re not already using a multi-carrier rate
shop platform you need to get one in place. The DLS platform
The bad news is that more states will inevitably follow, and we
(available through DLS and/or your association) provides
expect the remainder of states to put similar orders in place
thousands of quality carrier options for all major modes
within the first few weeks of April.
including truckload, partial truckload and less-than truckload
During the last several days, I have reached out to a number of (LTL) service. If a carrier suspends service on a national, regional
Associations within these industry segments in an attempt to or micro-regional level our customers have more than enough
get a “pulse” of the situation and assess their respective supply options already in place.
chains. Pretty much all are reporting “business as usual” and
that most of their members are still getting things done but Keep Advised of Carrier Updates
sometimes in unusual ways. You should also do your best to tune into carrier updates on a
One way to look at things is that this is a “Grand Reboot” for daily basis if possible.
both people and businesses and that we have both an opportunity The team at DLS Worldwide is doing our best to keep your
and a responsibility to re-invent ourselves and our business association professionals advised of carrier embargos, restrictions
models. and/or closures on a daily basis and are encouraging them to pass
And - we’ve been here before...when the internet went that information immediately on to you.
8 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.org
THE GRAND RE-BOOT continued
Call Ahead to Confirm Pick-ups and Deliveries
Power Brake Sales
When we provide those industry and carrier updates we
will do our best to keep you advised of changes, restrictions
and closures by state so if you need to schedule a pickup
or delivery in any of the states we update then it is your
very best interest to contact your shippers & consignees Specializing in Air & Vacuum
in advance to determine whether or not they are open for Brake Equipment
shipping and receiving prior to scheduling those shipments.
As of now, only a small percentage of our customers within NEW & USED WORLDWIDE
the recycling and remanufacturing sectors have been closed SALES & PURCHASING
(temporarily) but this one proactive measure can save you a
considerable amount of time, money and aggravation.
Stay In Touch With Your Suppliers and Customers
Use those proactive calls to check in with your suppliers and
customers to ASK them about their personal health and the
health of their businesses. We are all in this TOGETHER so
if you take the time to ask those concerned questions and
perhaps share some innovative best practices it will help you
strengthen and deepen relationships and build goodwill for
the future.
Determine What you Can Control and
Cannot Control
And finally - remind yourself that there are things that you
can control and things that you cannot control. No one was Automotive
able to predict the gravity of this pandemic but you can do Vacuum Boosters - Booster Parts - Gear
your part to lessen its impact by following governmental Boxes - ABS Control Units - Power Steering
recommendations and through the rapid re-invention of Pumps
your business.
Please feel free to reach out to me if you have any questions Truck
or would like some suggestions about the rapid reinvention Calipers - Dryers - Compressors - Wheel
of your own supply chain or business. You can reach me at
Cylinders - Air Valves - Electrical - Fan
612-296-1806 or online at steven.haas@rrd.com and I would
Clutches - Water Pumps Fuel Pumps -
be more than happy to share my thoughts and ideas.
Steering Pumps - Gear Boxes - Clutches
You can choose to view this as a tragedy or an opportunity – Injectors & ECM’s
I for one, choose the latter. ■
EDITOR’S NOTE: Steven P. Haas handles Association
Partnerships for DLS Worldwide a 3rd party logistics company
based in Chicago Illinois. If you would like to streamline
your supply chain and fortify your carrier options he can set “Suppliers to the Heavy Duty &
you up with a multi-carrier rate shop platform through your
association partnership or in free-standing form. Automotive Markets with
If you would like him to perform a courtesy rate review and/or Quality New & Used Parts”
supply chain evaluation you can reach him at 612-296-1806 or
online at steven.p.haas@rrd.com 3411 East Kiest Boulevard
Dallas, Texas 75203
Email: justin@pbstx.com
Phone: (214) 946-5122 I Fax: (214) 946-7255
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 9
10 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.org
A NEW SURPRISE AROUND
EVERY CORNER
Paul Loch, Diagnostician, Certified Transmission
I
n late 2019 we had a customer bring The vehicle was cold when I started it, and at first it worked fine
us a 3.6L engine and the NAG1 and shifted great for the first eight or so miles. As I continued
transmission (722.6). The customer’s to drive, I came up to a railroad crossing, and it was after I went
concern was that it would not shift. Like over it (a very bumpy crossing), the transmission suddenly went
every vehicle that comes to us, I started off into fail-safe mode. I pulled over to the side of the road so I
an evaluation which is a predetermined set could review my data from the scan tool. The only PID from my
of initial procedures that are performed on data list I selected that showed anything wrong was one labeled
Paul Loch each vehicle we look at. “output RPM”; it had gone to zero. Given that this transmission
I brought the Jeep into the shop to do the visual inspection and doesn’t have an output speed sensor, I was a bit confused at first
to check fluids which all looked good. I then proceeded to check as to where this output signal was coming from. I decided to head
the battery, starting, and charging systems which we refer to as back to the shop to begin diagnosis. When I drove back to the
an ESA (Electrical System Analysis). The Midtronics ESP-1000 shop, I suddenly had up-shifts again. I never cycled the key or did
came back with no issues found. I then performed a road test anything to get it out of fail-safe, so was it ever in fail-safe at all?
to attempt to duplicate the problem. I connected the scan tool I looked at the output RPM PID and it was reading just fine. I
which is a Snap-On Zeus model to do a complete scan of all was paying close attention to the scan tool so I could capture a
on-board modules, and I was able to retrieve several DTC’s as reading the moment it acted up. After driving down the road for
follows: P0430 (catalyst efficiency bank 2), and P0016 (camshaft/ another ten minutes with no issue, I went back to the railroad
crankshaft timing misalignment). Both of these codes were crossing that seemed to have caused it to go into fail-safe the
stored in the ECM.
In addition, other codes pulled were U140A (implausible right
front wheel speed signal received), U140B (implausible left rear “After I raised the vehicle up
wheel speed signal received), and P0501 (vehicle speed sensor 1
performance). These three codes were stored in the TCM. There on a two-post lift instead of the
were also six codes stored in the ABS module: C1015 (RF wheel drive-on, which I had used at
speed sensor circuit), C1020 (LR wheel speed sensor circuit), C121A
(steering angle sensor not first, I noticed the wires that
initialized), C1027 (LR wheel
speed sensor erratic), C123C were going to the rear wheel
(dynamic sensor mounting/ speed were being pulled and
installation performance), and
C2205 (steering angle sensor stretched very tight.”
internal).
I knew that a vehicle speed first time. Sure enough, after crossing the rough tracks again the
sensor code could cause a no transmission stopped shifting and lost the output rpm signal.
shift condition, and I have I did recheck for DTCs in all the modules again and the same
also seen an engine-related codes were set in the modules except for the ECM.
DTC such as the cam/crank
code cause similar concerns, Before I began driving again, I wanted to wait just like before to
but then I was thinking that see if it would go back to shifting on its own. It did. I then went
this transmission only has to a bumpy parking lot I knew of to confirm that the issue had
the two speed sensors inside something to do with bumps. Every time I hit a bump in the lot
the transmission, on the the unit would go into fail-safe. I then went back to the shop to
conductor plate! I decided look up some information on where this output RPM signal was
to clear the codes from all coming from, and I really could not find a solid answer as to
the modules. I then set up what the TCM used for this signal. I needed to press on. Since
the scan tool with all of the left rear and right front wheel speed sensor DTCs did return,
the appropriate data PIDS I decided to take a closer look at those codes.
I felt were necessary to aid After I raised the vehicle up on a two-post lift instead of the
in diagnosing this Jeep and drive-on, which I had used at first, I noticed the wires that were
went for a drive to see how going to the rear wheel speed were being pulled and stretched
everything works. very tight. (Figure 1)
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 11A NEW SURPRISE AROUND EVERY CORNER continued
All of the factory wire holders were in place, When I got back to the shop and got the
so I knew they hadn’t been tampered with. vehicle back on the lift, I was able to pull on
After I was able to unclip the harness, I peeled the wires, and it broke in half with very little
back the split loom where it was pulled and force. (Figure 4)
stretched the most and I found discoloration I repaired the wires and reinstalled everything
in the insulation. This led me to believe that except I left one holder unclipped so that it
the wire itself was barely connected by one or wouldn’t pull anymore. I discovered that this
two strands. (Figure 2) Jeep had a very small 2” lift-kit that was just
Since our lead diagnostician is always enough to cause this wiring issue by pulling
gathering information like this, I decided to them tight. I drove the vehicle in all of the
put it all back just the way I found it and set aforementioned conditions and the issue did
up the scan tool to monitor the wheel speed not return. After the repair was completed,
sensor data and the output speed data, and you can see that the LR wheel sensor and the
I could pretty much prove that the output OSS parameters basically mirror each other,
speed parameter was coming from the left as they should. (Figure 5)
rear wheel speed sensor. As you can see in the I wouldn’t have thought a wheel speed sensor
next image, at the same moment that the LR could have caused the transmission to go
wheel sensor drops out the output speed goes into fail-safe, but as they say, you never stop
to 8024 RPM which seems to be the arbitrary learning; there’s a new surprise around every
value that comes up on a FCA product when corner. ■
there is no signal. The “limp home mode” PID
simultaneously changed to “set,” so it was in
fact going into fail-safe! (Figure 3)
12 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgACDC Hybrid and EV
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www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 13LET’S TALK RECALLS...
Takata Airbag Crisis Affects Auto Salvage/Recycler Industry
By Paul D’Adamo and Katie Stark
T
here are still some Auto Recyclers who have ignored the who have embraced your role in this recall, your participation
Takata airbag recall thinking it would blow over. What has allowed your company to mitigate liability while also
we know is that Congress and NHTSA have put renewed generating a revenue stream from the Bounty.
pressure on the Automakers to improve their repair and recovery This edition of “Let’s Talk Recalls” seeks to introduce you to some
rates since there are still millions of Takata inflators in the FAQ’s, and 3 Top Reasons for Participating in the Takata Airbag
marketplace. If you have been waiting on the sidelines, it’s time to Recall.
jump into the action and get on the bandwagon. For those of you
FAQ’s
Q: How many Automakers are impacted by the Takata of vehicles in the marketplace, both on the road and
recall? end-of-of life.
A: 19 Automakers have been impacted by the installation
of defective Takata airbags. Q: Are there other companies involved with an End-of-Life
Bounty Program?
Q: How many Automakers are participating in the RAS A: No. Rebuilders Automotive Supply (RAS) was chosen
Auto Recycling/Salvage Bounty Program? by the Automakers for their relationships within the
A: 10 Original Equipment Automakers representing 22 Auto Recycling industry, logistics capability across
Makes and 144 Models with 15 years of coverage. North America, and their ability to develop technology
to assist recyclers in the recovery of the airbags.
Q: Who is eligible to recover airbags through the RAS Auto
Recycling/Salvage Bounty Program? Q: What happens to a recalled Takata airbag once RAS
A: Only Licensed Auto Salvage and Recycling Companies receives it from a Recycler.
can participate in the RAS Program. Tow Yards, Service A: After final validation at the RAS Site Check-In the
Shops, and other companies that handle end-of-life airbags are destined for destruction.
vehicles are not eligible. Consumers driving vehicles
with Takata airbags are handled through the Automaker Q: What about Vehicles with Deployed Airbags that are on
Dealer Replacement Program. the Recall list?
A: RAS recently introduced a new program where a CO
Q: When will the recall end?
A: A defined end date does not exist. Considering the
recycler can identify defective Recalls and capture
bounty Revenue by taking a few images along with the
G
massive number of inflators Takata manufactured over VIN. The deployed airbags are NEVER removed from
many years, “new” design replacements could not be the vehicle and rely solely on the images to validate
manufactured fast enough, so Automakers resorted that the airbag is no longer a danger. That information
to using the original design. Considering the average is shared with the Automaker. Recyclers must use the
vehicle is on the road for 11-12 years, there are millions YAPP (Yard Airbag App) to process these images.
GRO
Top 3 Reasons for participating in the Takata Airbag Recall Recovery Program
1. Mitigate liability to your company by removing defective Takata airbags from your inventory.
8
2. Promote your business as concerned for employees, customers, and the driving public ©2019 North American©2
American Express mayAm
3. Generate a monthly revenue stream with the Bounty **Some restrictions **S
ap
Questions regarding the RAS Auto Recycling/Salvage
Bounty Program? Contact Paul D’Adamo
pdadamo@coresupply.com.
Be a Lifesaver . . . #yankthatbag
14 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgOF YOUR
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www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 15HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE
ELECTRIC MOTORS
W
hy use an electric motor to drive a vehicle when is getting cleaner as we transition away from fossil fuels to
an internal combustion engine has been doing renewable sources like solar and wind.
a perfectly good job of over 100 years? There
are many reasons to drive electric, but until now, battery
technology and costs hadn’t been cheap enough to make it a
main stream vehicle. The modern hybrid technology that was
first mass marketed by Toyota was great, but it needed an ICE
to make up for the lack of range a battery of the 90s lacked.
The electric motors were quite advanced back then and have
only gotten better and less expensive to manufacture. We
know the internal combustion engine (ICE) is dominant in
the world of transportation and has been for anyone living
today. What advantage does a modern electric motor of 150 hp
(112Kw) have, if any, over a modern 150 hp gasoline ICE? The
electric motor is smaller, lighter, less expensive to make, has
no emissions, more available power, torque on demand, easier
to diagnose, simple to fix, fewer moving parts, less sensors, no
need for a flammable liquid onboard, less cost for fuel, fuel can
be made at home or work, misfires do not create pollution, no
emission inspections, no EVAP systems, no burning your arm
on a hot exhaust, no oil changes, no tune-ups, no spark plugs
and no timing belt. Can you think of more? The advantages
of an ICE over an electric motor are refueling, (it is faster),
more places to refuel and the driving range is further. Can you
think of anymore? OK, it makes a really cool exhaust noise at
a race track.
Support Systems Renault Zoe
It does take support systems to make a high voltage (HV) electric
motor work and an ICE to run. Here are the supporting systems
for both; cooling system(s) and motor mounts. In addition The Old Brushed Motor
to that, here is what else is added to a pure EV to support the
As you know, this typical old-fashioned electric motor had
electric motor, one speed gearbox, high voltage (HV) battery and
a design that featured a rotor with slits that came in contact
its support systems, on board HV charger, DC-DC converter,
with two brushes that thereby reversed the polarity of the
inverter, cables, relays, sensors and computers. If you have a
electromagnets in accordance with the movement of the rotor
modern gasoline 150 hp engine here are the support systems;
to generate rotational force. When the brushes contacted the
fuel tank system, injectors, EVAP, oil filtration and filter system,
rotor, it created carbon dust and the brushes wore out due to
exhaust and catalytic converter, intake manifold, air filter, OBD
friction and needed replacing. Also, the brushes have a lot
diagnostics, multi-speed transmission, alternator and more. The
of resistance, and take a lot of energy to work. To replace the
advantages
internal combustion engine, a “brushless” motor was the best
of powering
way to go and therefore was the clear choice for transportation.
a car with
electric The Basic Parts of a HV Motor
motors
is over There are two parts in each HV electric motor. The “Rotor” that
whelming. rotates and provides power and the “Stator” that produces a
The way we three-phase rotating electro-magnetic field. The stator consists
recharge of electro magnets arranged in a circle. Three HV cables (or
batteries bars) attach to the stator to provide power to the stator from the
with the inverter. The Inverter gets its power from the HV capacitors that
Burned power grid get their power from the high voltage battery pack.
16 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgHYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE ELECTRIC MOTORS continued
What Motor Types are used in EMV TODAY? their HV motor(s)
Modern Electric drive vehicles (since M/Y 1998) use one of three as a 3-phase AC
motors: motor. Who was
right? Technically
• Th
ree Phase Alternating Current (AC) Brushless Interior Honda was, but
(or Exterior) Permanent Magnet (PM) Synchronous the other OEMs
Motor (Almost all OEMs) were better
• Three Phase Alternating Current (AC) Brushless understood by
Induction Asynchronous Motor (some Tesla models and their automotive
a few GM) technicians. So,
• Three Phase Alternating Current (AC) Brushed Motor the question one
with 4 cables (Renault Zoe) must ask herself eAssist Motor
/ himself (or
We will call the first motor a “PM Motor,” the second motor an they) is this; “Do
“Induction Motor,” and the last a “Brushed Motor.” The most I want to be technically correct and misunderstood by many, or
popular is the PM motor so we will examine that one first and simplify the answer to be understood by the majority?” So, what
break each word down and make sure you understand what these is it, a DC motor or a 3-phase AC Motor? If you study the power
long names mean. source (the DC high voltage battery, capacitors and inverter) you
Three Phase Alternating Current (AC). If you were trained will see it depends on what you are sending through the orange
by the Honda Motor Company when the Honda Insight Gas/ cables from the inverter (the inverter is a motor controller of
Electric hybrid first came out, the Honda instructors told the sorts). When a DC battery is powering a three-phase motor, it
technicians that the Honda IMA (integrated motor assist) motor is sending pulsed DC voltage, controlled and managed by the
was a DC motor. The motor had three orange cables going to inverter, so Honda is correct. When you scope the three orange
it and most technicians were confused (as they should be) as cables in “Motor Mode” (Be careful! High Voltage can Kill!)
Honda was alone in their description of their electric motor as you will notice the voltage is a DC, and shows up as a square
every other OEM at that time (Toyota and more later) described wave, but the current is alternating. Yes, it is possible to have a
3-phase motor with DC voltage and AC Current. In fact, we don’t
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 17HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE ELECTRIC MOTORS continued
even have the correct words in the English language to explain it Brushed. This motor uses brushes. Why? Much cheaper to build.
properly. When an EMV (EMV is a word ACDC coined for any The Rest of the design. ACDC has little direct knowledge of
vehicle with a high voltage system) is using the electric motor to this odd EV motor as the “Zoe” is not sold in the United States of
power something, for example, when the 3-phase motor is driving America. We stumbled upon this system while teaching classes in
a shaft (adding torque) it is a DC motor at that time. When the Europe. It does exist, so we felt compelled to include it.
motor is being driven by that same shaft it is now a generator
and produces pure three phase alternating current, just like the Some old timers in the auto repair industry talk about the “Good
beloved 12-volt alternator does. To keep things easy to read and Old Days.” I am not sure they were anything but old. If you enjoy
comprehend, we will refer to the motor as a 3-phase AC motor. history then the evolution of how we got here is very interesting
but it most likely won’t help you rebuild parts for an EMV. If you
Brushless. If I need to explain this we are all in trouble. love history, you can look up some pioneers like; Hans Christian
Interior (or Exterior) Permanent Magnet (PM). The way the Oersted, Georg S. Ohm, Joseph Henry, Michael Faraday, Thomas
PMs are arranged on the rotor (the spinning part that powers Newcomen, James Watt and Nicola Tesla, and learn more about
the wheels or whatever needs to rotate) determines the name. who they were and their contributions to electric motors.
Most HV electric motors have an interior magnetic rotor as fewer There is no doubt that electric cars, trucks, 2 and 18 wheeled
magnets are needed, but there have been exterior rotors that vehicles will be the next big change. What we don’t know is
rotate around the outside of the stator in a drum of sorts. This is when. Being ready for what is next takes an open mind and time
an expensive part of the motor so work is constantly being done to study. It also keeps you young.
to reduce costs.
Synchronous Motor. The rotational fields can be measured in Craig Van Batenburg, CEO
RPMs and the speed of the electromagnets in the stator will ACDC – Hybrid / EV technical training
match the RPM of the rotor. So, in a synchronous motor the www.FIXHYBRID.com
speed of the rotating magnetic field equals the speed of the rotor,
it is synchronized. Craig Van Batenburg is the CEO of ACDC and a former repair
Now let us compare the “Induction Motor” shop owner. He is engaged full time in the understanding of
the technology used in hybrid and electric cars. His decades of
Three Phase Alternating Current (AC). No difference here
automotive experience serves him well. Driving a Kia Niro long
other than the software will have a different strategy.
range EV, Nissan Leaf or Chevy Volt for longer trips these days,
Brushless. Are you serious, you need this explained? ACDC owns and Craig drives EMVs from Ford, Honda, Toyota,
Induction. Guess what, no magnets. This is the biggest Nissan, GM, and VW. With great passion, a keen wit and more
difference. The rotor is sometimes called a “squirrel cage” and is experience that most, Craig can help you understand not only how
mostly made of aluminum and copper. The magnetic poles in the but why these new electrified cars operate the way they do. Craig
rotor are induced by the magnetic fields produced in the stator. is in demand worldwide and travels often to help those seeking a
simple explanation of a complicated subject. He can be reached at
Asynchronous Motor. The speed of the rotating magnetic field
508 852 5857 or Email him at Craig@fixhybrid.com. More info at
created by the stator is either faster or slower than the rotor. The
www.fixhybrid.com
rotor is excited by the stator and if the speed of the rotational
field matched the rotor, the rotor would stop spinning. When
the “Induction” motor is a
motor, the rotor is going slower
than the rotating magnetic field.
When the “Induction” motor is EPS3 Phase
in generator mode, the rotor is
going faster.
Here is an old ball, the
“Brushed Motor”
Three Phase Alternating
Current (AC). This brushed
motor has 4 orange cables , one
for each phase and the fourth
one connects to the center in a
“wye” winding so it can keep the
3-phases in balance as the motors
ages. The software is unique.
18 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgREMANUFACTURING SEEKS ITS OWN NAICS CODES
New Codes Underway for 2022
T
here are no North American Industry Classification remanufacturing industry is important for a number of reasons:
System codes for remanufacturing. As you may know, • R emanufacturing plays a significant role in sustainability.
these codes are necessary in commercial activities to When remanufacturers can be identified by NAICS code
classify your business, such as when applying to the SBA for it will be easier to provide incentives toward sustainability
COVID-19 relief. goals through targeted grant and loan programs, tax
The Census Bureau makes updates to the NAICS codes every incentives, and business development initiatives; and
five years. They have released the notice on the Federal Register • Some legislation, such as The Federal Vehicle Repair
for the 2022 updates. In response, the remanufacturing industry Cost Savings Act of 2015, encourages the purchase of
associations, including the International Imaging Technology remanufactured components. Government entities would
Council, are proposing a set of new NCAIS codes to the Office of have an easier time complying with this legislation when
Management and Budget. they are able to solicit bids targeted by NAICS code.
By establishing a set of codes strictly for remanufacturing, If you are interested in learning more about this project, email
data could be collected showing the size and importance of tricia@i-itc.org.
this burgeoning industry. The collection of statistics for the
NAICS Codes Update
The North
American Industry
RIC’s NAICS Proposal Letter
Classification How You Can Help
System (NAICS)
To support our proposal, you can submit a letter of support.
codes are updated
You can write your own or use our template as a starting point.
every five years.
The process is If you use our template, we encourage you to personalize it to
currently underway your company by including a paragraph about your company
to make updates and its role in the reman industry, as well as customizing the
that will take effect use cases section, highlighting the ones that are of particular
on January 1, 2022. interest to your company, or adding your own.
On February 26, Letters can be addressed as follows:
2020, a notice was
Office of Management and Budget
published in the
9215 New Executive Office Building
Federal Register
725 17th Street NW
seeking proposals
Washington, DC 20503
for the upcoming
change. You can read the notice in printed format or Re: Docket ID USBC-2020-0004: 2017 North American
in web format. Industry Classification System (NAICS)—Updates for
2022 Comments
RIC’s Proposal Letters should be submitted online through
RIC has developed a proposal to create new codes for www. regulations.gov. Simply type “USBC-2020-0004”
remanufacturing. Several of RIC’s alliance partners have (in quotes) in the Comment or Submission search box, click
signed on to this letter as well: AFRA, APRA, I-ITC, and GO, and follow the instructions for submitting comments.
PERA. You can view the letter at the link below. Comments are due by April 26, 2020.
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 19Brought to you by
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20 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgWE ARE REMANUFACTURERS TOO
Remanufacturing Diversity
Tricia Judge — ITC President
B
y reusing and refurbishing components and cores, Remanufactured components provide customers with cost-
cartridge remanufacturers can enjoy not only effective service solutions while minimizing equipment
environmental benefits, but also opportunities to create downtime through component exchange programs.
highly-skilled jobs and economic growth. John Deere has been remanufacturing parts and components
With increasing awareness, more and more industries are for more than 20 years. With remanufacturing facilities in
remanufacturing too. RT Media researched several companies Springfield, Missouri, U.S. and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,
from other industries who are remanufacturing. The range of John Deere Reman has a well-trained, experienced, and highly-
industries that include remanufacturing is staggering. From skilled work force solely dedicated to producing John Deere
nanotechnology to several-story-high agricultural equipment, Reman products. These remanufactured parts and components
products big and small are being remanufactured for multiple are distributed around the globe through John Deere’s extensive
lifecycles. parts distribution network, and the reman products are sold
exclusively through John Deere dealers. www.deere.com/reman
Circuit Boards
Computers, and therefore circuit boards, are in just about every Aerospace
product. Circuit Board Medics (CBM) has secured a place in the Recognized as the global leader in aircraft and component
remanufacturing industry through high-quality work, cutting- remanufacturing, Nextant Aerospace has redefined the
edge technology, and world-class customer support. CBM has business aviation industry by using reimagined engineering
an automotive division specializing in remanufacturing modules and production capabilities to transform used business
such as instrument clusters, engine computers, and transmission aircraft into new modern airframes. The airframes are rebuilt
control modules, along with an appliance division specializing with innovative technology for improved performance,
in control boards for refrigerators, ovens, washing machines, advanced flight deck avionics, and enhanced passenger cabin
and dryers. In a world that leans towards replacement, CBM configurations. These best-in-class performance and comfort
strives to remanufacture products to function better than new. airframes are reborn at a fraction of the cost of new competing
By doing so, we are able to remanufacture more than 50,000 aircraft. Headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio, Nextant Aerospace
circuit boards each year to extend the life of appliances and offers a host of services including aircraft component repair
automobiles resulting in the prevention of more than 245 tons and overhaul, engineering and certification, non-destructive
of waste from entering our landfills. The team at CBM exists to testing (NTD), and parts and STC kitting. As the recipient of the
restore normalcy to people’s lives that a broken control board Laureate Award for leadership in the field of Business Aviation,
has robbed from them. This focus on the customer elevates the Nextant serves clients in the corporate, government/military,
opportunity to serve others by focusing on solving problems and and airline transport aviation sectors.
not merely repairing circuit boards. CBM is located in Greenville, Through airframe enhancements, avionics and engine upgrades,
SC, and ships remanufactured control boards worldwide. www. and a host of additional improvements, Nextant Aerospace
circuitboardmedics.com effectively transforms used business aircraft into new, zero hour
airframes at a substantial cost savings. With a range of light jets
Agricultural and Other Heavy Equipment in its stable, Nextant delivers a cabin class aircraft for every stage
For John Deere, a leading global manufacturer of agricultural, of ownership.
turf, construction and forestry equipment, remanufacturing Nextant Aerospace has redefined the business aviation
supports John Deere’s commitment to those linked to the land industry as the first company to introduce the FAA-certified
by producing quality parts and components that meet customer remanufacturing process for business jets.
needs, while reducing environmental impact. Remanufacturing
also supports John Deere’s corporate Automotive
eco-efficiency goals by reducing the raw materials and energy Vehicle Reman (VR) is the pioneer remanufacturer of class one
that go into component production and through reducing waste to class five fleet trucks, cars and vans. VR replaces powertrain,
at the end of a product’s useful life. suspension, braking, and other mechanical components that
John Deere Reman has an extensive product portfolio of wear out. VR also addresses any paint, body, and interior trim
more than 3,000 remanufactured parts and components, requirements. The OEM powertrain warranty is three-years and
including engines, engine components, fuel, starters/ 100,000-miles. Extended fleet use has shown that reman vehicles
alternators, axles, transmissions, hydraulic pumps/motors, have the same operational costs as new vehicles. Extending
and electronic components for use on John Deere equipment. vehicle lifetimes using remanufacturing reduces vehicle capital
These remanufactured products deliver the same level of expenditures by about 50 percent and results in the lowest
performance and reliability as new components because possible cost per mile of any fleet management strategy.
they are manufactured to original John Deere specifications.
www.apra.org • REMAN CONNECTION • APRIL 2020 • 21WE ARE REMANUFACTURERS TOO continued
Using a streamlined, assembly line approach inside a Davies produces approximately 5,500-7,000 workstations
60,000-square foot facility, we can rebuild vehicles to like-new worth of panels each year and we take in approx.7,500-8,000
condition to the customer’s exact specifications. Everything, workstations per year from our sustainable exchange programs
including the engine, transmission, suspension/major with corporate partners. As a result of remanufacturing 5740
mechanical, interior and body are remanufactured to double the work stations annually, Davies:
life of your fleet at about half the replacement cost. • S aves enough energy that could power 57,500 American
Remanufacturing is the purest form of recycling in the houses for one day.
automotive sector with clear environmental savings. Fleets using • Diverts 1,587,000 pounds of landfill waste (the weight of
remanufacturing as part of their fleet management strategy make 265 tractors).
an affordable, sustainable corporate responsibility statement far • Avoids the release of 4,053,750 pounds of CO2 into the
beyond their peers. environment; and
VR consolidates 13 different automotive repair shops under one • Conserves 4,600,000 pounds of raw plastics (766 tractors
roof. This consolidation reduces overhead, speeds service and or about 100 locomotive engines).
delivery time, and improves quality. Remanufacturing combines
all repairs at one time to reduce the frustration of serial failures They are committed to sustainability and promoting the benefits
as components age and approach end-of-life at different rates. of remanufacturing to all.
Any fleet mission has suitable candidates for VR, including Working with the Remanufacturing Industries Council, Bill
ambulances, paratransit buses, service bodies, flat beds, brush fire Davies (Evan’s grandson) assisted in developing partnerships
trucks, cranes, hoists, boxes, as well as regular straight cabs & bed with other remanufacturing organizations and institutions such
trucks. (www. vehiclereman.com) as the Int’l ITC in establishing a global Reman Day. At Davies,
we believe that it is everyone’s job to advocate, educate and
Heavy-duty and off-road vehicles collaborate with others to spread the message and importance of
AxleTech has extensive experience remanufacturing axles, remanufacturing for all sectors.
transfer cases, brake calipers, and electronics/mechatronics,
for a wide range of heavy-duty, off-highway and on-highway Marine
vehicles. Their remanufactured products are used on Jasper Marine has been remanufacturing quality products
commercial trucks, buses, defense vehicles, motorsports since 1942 and today they are the U.S.’ largest remanufacturer
equipment, and other specialty vehicles. As a manufacturer of of gas and diesel engines, transmissions, differentials, rear
drivetrain components for OEMs, AxleTech has the technology axle assemblies, air and fuel components, marine engines,
to remanufacture axles, brakes, mechatronics, electronics, sterndrives, performance engines, and electric motors.
and transfer cases to factory-like settings thus improving the Whether it’s a marine engine, sterndrive, outboard lower unit
reliability of the remanufactured product. or outboard powerhead, Jasper Marine has the remanufactured
Examples of products already remanufactured by AxleTech product to get customers’ boats back in the water - fast.
include heavy equipment transporter axles, rough terrain lift From laid back cruising to wide open throttle, Jasper Marine
truck axles, transit bus drive axles, defense vehicle transfer cases, provides all the power marine enthusiasts need and expect for
and monorail drive units. AxleTech uses a factory-certified their boating pleasure while allowing them to keep their present
remanufacturing process which includes best-in-class teardown boat. Precision machining and quality parts, combined with
and cleaning process, machining and rework process, and thorough testing, give Jasper Marine engines and its customers
assembly. (www.axletech.com) the edge in remanufactured inboard and inboard/outboard
engines.
Office Furniture
Remanufactured sterndrives from Jasper Marine are built
Davies Office started in 1948 by Evan Davies, as a small repair
to precise tolerances, are generally in stock for immediate
and refinishing shop for commercial office furniture. Over the
availability and can save a customer money over the cost of a
years, Davies has grown to more than 150 team members who
new drive.
are also shareholders with the Davies employee stock ownership
plan (ESOP). For those of the outboard motor persuasion, a fast and
economical way to get back in the water is to install a
Annual sales at Davies now approach $36,000,000. They achieve
remanufactured outboard lower unit from Jasper Marine.
this by providing remanufactured solutions nationwide.
Jasper Marine’s 2,300-plus associates and 48 branch and
Davies owns and operates a 300,000 square-foot, state-of-the-art
distributor locations are committed to providing customers
manufacturing and distribution facility on a 20-acre campus in
with the perfect product. Their processes and procedures are
Albany, NY. From there, it produces approximately 5,500-7,000
designed to produce a quality component that will meet or
workstations worth of panels each year and we take in approx.
exceed the expectations of customers. ■
7,500-8,000 workstations per year from our sustainable exchange
programs with corporate partners.
22 • APRIL 2020 • REMAN CONNECTION • www.apra.orgYou can also read
