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December 2020 • Issue #522
AMSTATNEWS
The Membership Magazine of the American Statistical Association • http://magazine.amstat.org
MY
®
STORY
ALSO:
NC Chapter Offers Tips
for Holding a Virtual Career Fair
IMSI: A New NSF-Funded Institute
Seattle
Statistics, Data, and the Stories They Tell
Be on the Program!
Key Dates for Participants Key Dates for Attendees
January 15, 2021 May 3, 2021
Computer Technology Workshop Registration and Housing Open
Proposal Deadline (11:00 a.m. ET)
February 22 – April 1, 2021 June 1, 2021
Meeting and Event Request Submission Early Registration Deadline
March 16 – April 14, 2021 June 30, 2021
General Abstract Submission Regular Registration Deadline
February 3 – April 15, 2021 July 1, 2021
Late-Breaking Session Proposal Submission Housing Deadline
July 1, 2021
Draft Manuscript Deadline
August 7–12, 2021
Washington State Convention Center
ww2.amstat.org/meetings/
jsm/2021
AMSTAT NEWS
DECEMBER 2020 • ISSUE #522
Executive Director
Ron Wasserstein: ron@amstat.org
Associate Executive Director and Director of Operations
Stephen Porzio: steve@amstat.org features
Senior Advisor for Statistics Communication and Media Innovation 3 What a Year It Has Been!
Regina Nuzzo: regina@amstat.org
5 ASA/AAAS Mass Media Fellowship Applications Open
Director of Science Policy
Steve Pierson: pierson@amstat.org 5 Nominate a Colleague for ASA
Director of Strategic Initiatives and Outreach Leadership Position
Donna LaLonde: donnal@amstat.org
6 CHANCE Highlights: Special Issue
Director of Education Illustrates Importance of Data Privacy
Rebecca Nichols: rebecca@amstat.org
7 Giving Day 2020 Raises Nearly $69,000
Managing Editor
Megan Murphy: megan@amstat.org 7 Nominations Sought for JABES Editor
Editor and Content Strategist 8 An Interview with Margaret Gamalo,
Val Nirala: val@amstat.org Editor of JBS
Production Coordinators/Graphic Designers 14 IMSI: A New NSF-Funded Institute
Olivia Brown: olivia@amstat.org
Megan Ruyle: meg@amstat.org 16 My ASA Story
Advertising Manager 20 UNC Biostatistics Program Offers Undergraduate
Claudine Donovan: claudine@amstat.org Students Opportunity
Contributing Staff Members 22 A Conversation with DataKind’s Executive Director,
Kim Gilliam • Naomi Friedman • Amanda Malloy
Jake Porway
Amstat News welcomes news items and letters from readers on matters
of interest to the association and the profession. Address correspondence to 23 ASA Journal Gets New Name, Mission
Managing Editor, Amstat News, American Statistical Association, 732 North
Washington Street, Alexandria VA 22314-1943 USA, or email amstat@ 24 NC Chapter Offers Tips for Holding a Virtual Career Fair
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an Impact on Poverty
American Statistical Association This column is written for those interested in learning about the world of Data
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ADDRESS CHANGES: addresschange@amstat.org 28 MASTER’S NOTEBOOK
AMSTAT EDITORIAL: amstat@amstat.org To Get a PhD or Not to Get a PhD? Part 3
ADVERTISING: advertise@amstat.org
WEBSITE: http://magazine.amstat.org This column is written for statisticians with master’s degrees and highlights areas
Printed in USA © 2020 of employment that will benefit statisticians at the master’s level. Comments
American Statistical Association and suggestions should be sent to Megan Murphy, Amstat News managing
editor, at megan@amstat.org.
29 STATtr@k
Students Share Virtual Experiences,
Tips for Handling Pandemic
® STATtr@k is a column in Amstat News and a website geared toward people
The American Statistical Association is the world’s largest who are in a statistics program, recently graduated from a statistics program,
community of statisticians. The ASA supports excellence in or recently entered the job world. To read more articles like this one, visit the
the development, application, and dissemination of statistical website at http://stattrak.amstat.org. If you have suggestions for future articles,
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industry, government, and academia in more than 90 countries,
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inform public policy and improve human welfare.
Happy Holidays departments
All of us at the ASA join in wishing you a wonderful 30 meetings
holiday season and prosperous, healthy New Year!
Virtual WSDS Maintains Connection
Among Participants
JSM 2021: Opportunities
for Involvement Abound
INSIDE
Look for your 2021 calendar in the center of this issue.
MY STORY
34 education
2021 Internships
2 02 1 ®
CALENDAR KEY 2021 DATE
S
NOTABLE EVENTS
ES
ASA OFFICE CLOSUR
JUNE submission deadline February
K–12 Project Competition
MARCH deadline
1
deadline January 1 New Year’s
Day Black History Month
DIEGO,
JANUARY020, SAN ASA Fellows nomination Links Lecture Award
Luther King Jr. Day
STORY
1
January 18 Martin March
and Fund
uted, roundtable, Scholarship Trust Missouri
JSM 2021 topic-contrib Edward C. Bryant SDSS 2021, St. Louis, Month
6 submission opens Day Women’s History
February 15 Presidents’
application deadline 2–5
invited poster abstract open
registration and housing Reporting Award New Orleans, Louisiana
SDSS 2021 early Excellence in Statistical 14–17 ICES VI,
Day April
14 May 31 Memorial Statistics
JSM 2021 computer
technology workshop nomination deadline
registration and housing
open
ce Day (Observed) Mathematics and
15
Mentoring Award
nomination deadline 15 BIOP 2021 early July 5 Independen Awareness Month
(US)
proposal deadline oral abstract
Application Award CSP 2022 concurrent September 6
Labor Day – October 15
Gottfried E. Noether
awards nomination Outstanding Statistical September 15
MY
submission deadline Thanksgiving Awareness Month
deadline
deadline
nomination deadline November 25 Hispanic Heritage
Academy Award among Academe,
Fall Holiday
November 26
Partnerships
COPSS Leadership November 27
Statistical (SPAIG) Award
and roundtable abstract Industry, and Government JULY this date in 1839
BIOP 2021 poster Christmas Day (Observed)
December 24 ASA founded on
opens
21 nomination deadline abstract submission
submission opens
10 SDSS 2021 lightning
abstract submission 8 CSP 2022 poster
HIA,
December 31 New
Year’s Day (Observed)
®
AUGUST 2020, PHILADELP
deadline
FEBRUARY ASA Founders Award
nomination deadline
Data for Good
opens Washington
ISS
15
abstract submission JSM 2021, Seattle,
DAVID CORL
Award
SDSS 2021 lightning Section Scholarship 7–12
1 Biopharmaceutical
for Outstanding Statistical registration opens
Karl E. Peace Award WSDS 2021 regular
MEETINGS
MY
Society application deadline
the Betterment of opens 14 deadline
Contributions for abstract submission
CSP 2022 poster
abstract submission
JSM 2021 contributed 19 Section
nomination deadline 16
Education Award Biopharmaceutical
BIOP: ASA
y has been filled
and
JSM 2021 topic-contrib
uted, roundtable, Causality in Statistics a Workshop
launchStatistics
d to-Industry
submission deadline nomination deadline SEPTEMBERStatistics Section Achievement we’re thrille
2
My ASA stor
Regulatory
invited poster abstract
story, which is why CSP:
abstract submission
inspirede byal their tions with so
and housing open BIOP 2021 roundtable Health Policy on Statistical Practice
ICES VI early registration 30 15
loves a good deadline
. BeConferenc
share theirsICES
Everyone
ent Statistics
with collabora talented, and
10 Awards nomination
Conference on Establishm
panel, and poster deadline
WSDS 2021 concurrent,
ASA memb 2021, ers who the personalMeetings
VI: Internation and
11
abstract submission
opens
21–23featur ingWorkshop connections, JSM:andJoint ul,
many wonderf cated to
Biopharm
series ingful Statistical ASA.
15 W. J. Dixon Award
for Excellence in Statistical
deadline
APRIL submission deadline
exper
e JSM iences, meancourse
Bethesda, Maryland
engagSDSS: t with the
emenSymposium & Statistics
Consulting nomination K–12 Poster Competition divers 2022 continuing education d from their
proposal on Data Science
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ST O R Y
giving peo
1
closes ds derive
do
Advocate of the
Get involved in JSM 2021!
Section Wray Jackson e
30
rewar Conferenc
ed talents to
Statistical Government Statistics and Data Science
professional
Harry V. Roberts deadline deadline submission
and housing open WSDS:accou
Women of
ntsin Statistics
Year Award nomination
Award
Smith Scholarship
and event request CSP 2022 early registration
ntic and mean ingful visit
using our shar
n is to collect authe a story you would like toonshare, d.
Samuel S. Wilks Memorial JSM 2021 meeting these events,
nomination deadline submission deadline
panel, and poster Our missio have
For informati
about most of
, Kim the mo st goo
iences. If you
Waller awards nomination
deadline
WSDS 2021 concurrent, OCTO BER inator
exper coord t.org
erWSDS communications
ASA: www.amsta
in Interlaboratory
Testing
abstract submission
deadline
memb Pennsylvania
2021, Pittsburgh,
ting and eetings
Find out how on Page 32.
W. J.Youden Award and tutorial proposal www.amstat.org/asa/m
ASA’s markenomination
course 7–9
ASA Meetings:
nomination deadline CSP 2022 short
submission opens email the deadline
. t.org/ASA/Your-Career/A
wards-and-Recognition
Virtual Conference 15 Lester R. Curtin Award
kim@ amst at.org ASA Awards: www.amsta
17–19 CSP 2021 8 SDSS 2021 regular
registration opens
, at
GilliamLingzi Lu Memorial Award nomination deadline
: www.amstat.org/asa/ed
ucation
Engineering Sciences abstract submission deadline
nomination ASA Education
20 Statistics in Physical 14 JSM 2021 contributed Deming Lecture Award
deadline202
SSNEY
Award nomination deadline
Educator
deadline
abstract submission
SHARON HE
and event request BIOP 2021 poster
JSM 2021 meeting
22
submission opens BIOP 2021 invited
abstract submission
opens
DECEMBER travel award—to
16 Student paper competition/
ULA
Scholarship
Gertrude M. Cox 15 e AIMER
Dean DISCL
23
SASTRY PANT
attend JSM—deadlin our
application deadline its implications for
of COVID-19 and
ber of the ASA
MAY and housing open monitoring the spread to deadlines and
check
The ASA is closely continue to adhere
Being a mem
3 JSM 2021 registration and workshops. Please amstat.org.
like more
and tutorial proposal conferences , meetings, sent to meetings@
Questions may be
CSP 2022 short course
you ng
My advice to
6 often for updates.
makes me feel
submission deadline event websites
is to eng age a high-
opens
ICES VI regular registration
than “just
7
statisticians
oral abstract
ASA early
CSP 2022 concurrent
r.”
13
th teache
submission opens
with the school ma
deadline
abstract submission
20 BIOP 2021 invited
member news
open
registration and housing
27 WSDS 2021 early
and oft en.
ber
MONTI Retired Mem
ciate Dean KATHERINE
Professor & Asso
LIZ STUART most rewardi
ng
What’s been
I was being about my invo
lvement?
I felt like ld stories! So
into the wor So ma ny
welcomed
of statistics. little space!
41 Awards and Deadlines
43 People
Y
M News
44 Section Y
S T O•RChapter • Committee News
45 Professional Opportunities
Follow us on Twitter
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Join the ASA Community
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2 amstat news december 2020
president's corner
What a Year It Has Been!
T
he original plan for my last president’s col- we were able to have this conversation in the midst
umn was to provide a recap of my presiden- of the virtual learning required by the pandemic. You
tial year, assuming it would be business as can listen to the podcast at https://bit.ly/36NxI42.
usual for an ASA president. Needless to say, this has
not been a typical year for any of us. While there Number 7: Opportunity to Serve
have been plenty of challenges, I am grateful for the on the ASA COVID-19 Task Force
opportunity to be your president and end this year Although my colleagues on the ASA Board
with renewed appreciation of our community. In deserve the credit for their substantive contribu-
the spirit of “end of the year” lists, and in no par- tions, it was a privilege to serve with them. The
ticular order, I want to share my top 10 with you. board supported the creation of the COVID-19
And you should know it was a challenge to keep the community and many of you shared your research
list to 10 because there were so many highlights. and resources on the community, as well as during
webinars and workshops.
Number 10: Opportunity to Be the
Keynote Speaker at CSP 2020 Number 6: Opportunity to Collaborate
The Conference on Statistical Practice is one I really with Colleagues on the Presidential
Wendy Martinez
enjoy attending every year. I had the opportunity Initiatives
to talk about data ethics, which is one of the criti- Not only have I learned a lot while working on
cal topics for our community (IMHO). This was the initiatives, I now have a deeper respect for the
also the topic of my May Amstat News column (see energy, talent, and spirit of my colleagues. I am
https://bit.ly/3pC9GBR). looking forward to working with my LGBTQ+
and K–6 friends in the coming year, especially as
Number 9: Opportunity to Connect we work together on 2021 President Rob Santos’
with the International Community initiatives to build community.
of Statisticians, Biostatisticians, and
Data Scientists Number 5: Opportunity to
Although travel was restricted in 2020, I did have Learn About the Amazing Work
the opportunity to spread my wings in the begin- Accomplished by the Committees
ning of the year. I was honored to attend the 2nd That Make Up the Various Councils
International Conference on Applied Statistics, Associations like ours depend on volunteers just
which was held at the University of Dhaka Institute like you, and I thank all of you for serving. Most
of Statistical Research and Training in Bangladesh, of the ASA committees are organized under four
where I gave a keynote talk. This was followed by a councils: Awards, Education, Membership, and
visit to City University of Hong Kong and Tokyo, Professional Issues and Visibility. Not only was I
Japan. There, I met with the director-general of the able to appoint members to committees during my
Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Hiroe Tsubaki, year as president-elect, but I participated in several
and the president of the Japan Statistical Society, of their events in 2020. Two of my favorites were
Shigeru Kawasaki. I will continue to make interna- the Meeting Within a Meeting for teachers and
tional outreach an important part of my service to StatFest, where I participated in a panel on oppor-
the community in the coming years. tunities in statistics and data science.
Number 8: Opportunity to Interact Number 4: Opportunity to Work
with Kids with the ASA Staff
Contributing to education in statistics and data sci- My year as president has confirmed what I already
ence is an essential responsibility of our profession. knew—our association is well served by the profes-
Education has been a strategic goal of the ASA for a sional staff. All staff are appreciated, as they have
long time, and our focus in 2020 was on statistical worked hard this year dealing with the many chal-
and data science education in the early years (5–11 lenges we faced. However, I especially want to thank
years of age). One of my fondest memories of this our executive director, Ron Wasserstein, who has
year was the opportunity I had to chat with two been keeping the ASA ship on course. And I cannot
middle-schoolers in a Stats + Stories podcast. It is a thank Donna LaLonde enough. She is not only a
testament to our strong community relationships that colleague, but also a close friend.
december 2020 amstat news 3
A Global JSM 2020
Thank you to the audience members around the world who provided their location during
the talk! This map shows the locations of the 266 who responded to the request. See
https://bit.ly/38Z1qps for the map and more.
Number 3: Opportunity to Choose the profession! It was a challenge for our ASA meet-
JSM Theme ings staff, presenters, exhibitors, and attendees to
One of the first tasks I had as the 2020 ASA presi- change from an in-person conference to a virtual
dent was to choose the JSM 2020 theme. JSM is one. Everyone stepped up and made it happen,
one of the premier events for our profession, and however. It was particularly exciting to be able to
the JSM theme is important because it can have an meet virtually with statisticians and data scientists
impact on the content of the meetings. I had a lot of from around the world. The map included here
fun coming up with a theme with the help of JSM shows the locations of viewers of my president’s
Program Chair David Banks and the ASA Meetings talk. Although I was nervous, I enjoyed sharing
Department staff. my thoughts with you! In case you missed it, you
My very next JSM-related task was to select the can view the recorded plenary sessions at https://
President’s Invited Speaker. Erica Groshen gave a bit.ly/32SZaMC.
wonderful talk highlighting the essential role of fed-
eral statistics. This led to a World Statistics Day cele- Number 1: Opportunity to Serve
bration that took place on October 20 (https://world- During a Challenging Time
statisticsday.org). We had several wonderful panelists I have benefitted substantially from the ASA
and discussants from around the world who con- community. I am grateful to have had opportu-
tinued the conversation Erica started at JSM. The nities to give back in small ways. I know all of
Harvard Data Science Review (https://bit.ly/3lJr9pM) you are also supporting our profession, our com-
is planning a special publication with papers written munities, and our families … so thank you. I
by the panelists. In case you missed it, you can view truly am looking forward to the next part of my
the celebration at https://youtu.be/3rAZS3I3Vh8. ASA journey. It has been an honor to serve as the
president of the ASA.
Number 2: Opportunity to Come
Together with My Colleagues at the
Virtual JSM
It is definitely a highlight of my year to learn
more about the great work we are doing in our
4 amstat news december 2020
Nominate a
Colleague for
ASA Leadership
Position
ASA/AAAS Mass
N
ominations are being sought for
ASA president-elect and vice presi-
Media Fellowship
dent candidates for the 2022 elec-
tion. While the 2021 elections have yet to
be held, the Committee on Nominations
Applications Open needs time to evaluate recommendations to
propose the best possible slate of candidates
for these critical positions.
As a member of the ASA, you recognize
A
pplications for the ASA/ the importance of leadership in our diverse,
AAAS Mass Media Past ASA/AAAS Mass complex, and multidisciplinary field. You and
Fellowship will be accept- Media Fellows all fellow ASA members deserve visionary
ed until January 1, 2021. 2020: Jess Craig, NPR, leaders who can ensure our discipline has a
Successful candidates will spend https://bit.ly/2UfuzV7 voice at the table when appropriate, whether
10 weeks next summer working it be in academe; research firms; federal, state,
with journalists at a TV, radio, 2019: Diana Cai, STAT or local government; or nonprofit organiza-
magazine, or newspaper outlet News, https://bit. tions. This is why we need your input.
putting their statistics skills to use. ly/32CvPWS For this election cycle, the president-elect
“One of will be selected from industry and the vice
2018: Irineo Cabreros,
the most valu- MORE ONLINE president will be selected from government.
able aspects of Read about Slate, https://bit. Think about your colleagues and associates
the ASA ly/2UkW2oq
this work was sponsorship of who are members of the ASA and would
that, in writing this fellowship 2017: Nick Thieme, Slate, make good candidates for these positions.
about statistics, at https://bit. https://bit.ly/2JUcGJj Think about members who have helped run
I became intro- ly/3pmMPdx. a conference or are active in your section or
spective about chapter. Then, nominate your choices for
my own academic research,” scientific topics in clear and engag- the 2023 president-elect and vice president
wrote Irineo Cabreros, a 2018 ing ways, better understand how by emailing elections@amstat.org.
mass media fellow. “My experi- the media covers science, and build Supply as much information about your
ence this summer hooked me. I a professional network of scientists nominee as possible to assist the committee
left Slate flush with inspiration and journalists. In its 45-year his- in researching each candidate thoroughly
for future projects and hungry to tory, the program has supported and discretely.
keep going. I began the summer more than 700 fellows. The deadline for nominations is February
as a dabbler in science communi- Learn more about being a 1, 2021.
cation. Now, I don’t think I can AAAS Mass Media Fellow at
imagine a future without journal- https://bit.ly/3eUaCMU.
ism being part of it.” To apply, visit https://bit. Statistics Communication and
Embedded in media outlets, ly/35mTWdM. Questions may Media Innovation Regina Nuzzo
fellows learn how to communicate be sent to ASA Senior Advisor for at regina@amstat.org. n
december 2020 amstat news 5
CHANCE HIGHLIGHTS
Special Issue Illustrates
Importance of Data Privacy
Amanda Peterson-Plunkett, CHANCE Executive Editor
I
n 2006, Netflix hosted a data
competition aimed at improv-
ing their movie recommenda-
tion system. The winners were
awarded $1 million in 2009 for a
model that offered more than 10
percent improvement over the com-
pany’s own recommendation model.
Netflix planned to host a follow-up
competition but reversed the deci-
Amanda sion in 2010 after a class-action law-
Peterson-Plunkett suit (Doe v. Netflix) was filed against
them alleging privacy law violations
MORE ONLINE
concerning the data set publicized
Read the article by
Arvind Narayanan for the original competition.
and Vitaly Shmatikov Two years earlier in 2008, research-
about Netflix’s ers at The University of Texas at
privacy issues at Austin, Arvind Narayanan and Vitaly State University, associate editor of the Annals
https://bit.ly/3pnkBiu. Shmatikov, showed that it was possible to identi- of Applied Statistics and Journal of Privacy and
fy specific customers in the competition data set Confidentiality, and co-editor of CHANCE’s O
(suggesting even political and religious affiliations Privacy, Where Art Thou? column.
could be determined), even though Netflix had In columns, we turn to teaching and sports.
performed a form of cursory anonymization. In the Teaching Statistics in the Health Sciences
The Netflix example illustrates the importance column, Erin Blankenship and Ella Burnham
of preserving confidentiality when sharing data share their online teaching experiences, a
sets. In the most recent issue of CHANCE, a spe- topic many teachers can relate to during the
cial issue, authors focus on statistical data privacy COVID-19 pandemic. In Taking a Chance in
and confidentiality. The issue also features three the Classroom, Evangeline Reynolds explains
guest editors: how to create engaging assignments using flip-
Saki Kinney, senior research statistician at RTI books, demonstrating the method using the R
International flipbookr package. Finally, in Beyond the Box
Fang Liu, professor and director of graduate Score, Christopher Bilder discusses the flagstick
studies in applied and computational mathemat- dilemma in golf: whether to leave the flag in or
ics and statistics at the University of Notre Dame, out of the hole.
senior editorial board member for BMC Medical As an ASA member, you can view the online
Research Methodology, and co-editor of CHANCE’s version of CHANCE for free by logging into
O Privacy, Where Art Thou? column your ASA account at www.amstat.org and looking
Aleksandra Slavkovic, professor of statistics under My Publications.
with appointments in the departments of statis- Would you like to write an article for
tics and public health sciences and the Institute CHANCE? Submission instructions and writing
for Computational and Data Sciences at Penn tips can be found at https://bit.ly/3plYBob. n
6 amstat news december 2020
Nominations
Sought for
Giving Day 2020
JABES Editor Raises Nearly $69,000
Amanda Malloy, ASA Director of Development
T
he International Biometric The ASA is a strong community of
Society and American caring individuals. This was evident
Statistical Association on October 2—ASA Giving Day—
invite nominations for editor of when members posted messages of
the Journal of Agricultural, hope and encouragement, signed
Biological, and Environmental up to volunteer, and donated
Statistics (JABES). nearly $69,000 in support
JABES publishes articles of of ASA programs.
immediate and practical value
to applied researchers and sta- ASA Giving Day
tistical consultants in the agri- Chapter Challenge
cultural sciences, biological Winners
sciences (including biotechnol- Region 1 – Washington
ogy), and environmental scienc- Statistical Society
es (including those dealing with
natural resources). Region 2 – Chicago Chapter
JABES is published quarterly Region 3 – San Francisco Bay ASA will continue to provide teachers
by Springer in March, June, Area Chapter innovative resources to engage their
September, and December. students, help the public better under-
The editor reviews new submis- ASA Giving Day University stand the data that surrounds them,
sions and sends selected papers Challenge Winner advocate for sound policymaking, and
to associate editors, who also cultivate future leaders in statistics and
review the papers and either Kansas State University data science.
send a response to the editor Thanks to the generosity and volun- To learn more about what donations
or the paper to referees for in- teer service of so many members, the can do, visit www.amstat.org/giving.
depth reviews. Springer’s edito-
rial tracking system is used for
online submissions and the peer
review process. Funds are pro-
vided for editorial staff support organizing the JABES Showcase encouraged to apply and will be
and office supplies. session at the IBC and JSM, and given equal consideration irre-
The editor also works with reporting to the IBS Executive spective of race, gender identity
Springer’s production editor to Board on impact factors and or expression, age, or nationality.
create each issue and ensure time- other issues of importance. Nominations should be sent
ly production and publication. The next editor will serve to JABES@biometricsociety.org
JABES receives approximately a three-year term, from 2022 no later than January 15, 2021.
220 submissions a year. through 2025, with the transition Once received, nominations will
Additional duties of the edi- beginning in 2021. be presented to the chair of the
tor include writing a quarterly JABES is committed to build- JABES Management Committee
report for the IBS Biometric ing diversity in leadership posi- for further consideration.
Bulletin, overseeing the selec- tions in our discipline and, as Interested individuals are encour-
tion of best papers in JABES, such, all qualified applicants are aged to nominate themselves. n
december 2020 amstat news 7
An Interview with Margaret
extrapolation needs to be a default strategy in
pediatric drug development.
Gamalo is also an active member of the
European Forum for Good Clinical Practice –
Children’s Medicine Working Party, working to
establish decision criteria for the inclusion of ado-
lescents in adult research.
In the statistics profession, Gamalo is a member
of the executive committee of the Biopharmaceutical
Section and has served in multiple administrative
and scientific capacities within the section since
2014. She enjoys writing and mentors a group of
statisticians in research activities on topics related
to Bayesian methods, evidence synthesis, causal esti-
mation for RWD/RWE, and policy-oriented work
on pediatric drug development.
BIOP Report: Congratulations on your recent
appointment as the editor-in-chief of the Journal
of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS). What is your
vision on its mission, history, and current status?
MG: The Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS)
has been around for about three decades. It started
back in the early 1990s and, since that time, you can
Margaret Gamalo was recently appointed as the editor in chief of the Journal see how the industry has evolved over the years told
of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS). through the collective perspective of statisticians. It
is fascinating to study the progression of scientific
Yodit Seifu, Victoria Chang, and Junjing Lin, research published in the journal reflecting both the
ASA Biopharmaceutical Section scientific and evolving landscape of drug develop-
ment. For example, the first two decades exhibited
M
argaret (Meg) Gamalo is senior director statistical issues ranging from proper use of one-sid-
– biostatistics, global product develop- ed vs. two-sided tests in hypothesis testing, appropri-
ment – inflammation and immunology ate analysis for stability and expiry, bioequivalence,
at Pfizer Innovative Health. She combines expertise noninferiority and superiority, subgroups and mul-
in biostatistics, regulatory, and adult and pediatric ticenter trials, interim analysis and adaptive designs,
drug development. Previously, she was a research multiplicity, linear models analysis of endpoints,
adviser of global statistical sciences at Eli Lilly, meta-analysis, among others for which the journal
where she helped secure the approval of baricitinib has provided the stage for consensus and application.
as the first modern treatment for atopic dermatitis Since then, the journal has seen a transformation
and position baricitinib as a first-in-indication in scientific topics influenced by shifts in research
treatment for alopecia areata. Gamalo also helped and development and the growing number of stake-
in the clinical trials for baricitinib as a treatment for holders. For example, a big trend has been the move
COVID-19. to a more patient-centric health care model, closely
Prior to working at Lilly, Gamalo was a math- followed by the impact that technology has on all
ematical statistician for the Center for Drug areas of the life sciences and the changing business
Evaluation and Research at the US Food and models. Most recently, many of the published manu-
Drug Administration supporting regulatory scripts revolve on topics such as efficient trial designs,
reviews of drugs in the infectious diseases and including the use of external data, estimation and
ophthalmology therapeutic areas. She is an expert uncertainty for go-no-go decisions, finding optimal
in pediatric extrapolation and leads the Pediatric individualized treatment rules or biomarker-guided
Innovation Task Force at the Biotechnology treatments, treatment heterogeneity, and consider-
Innovation Organization. On this task force, ations for regional and payer evaluation of multi-
she heads a cross-functional think tank on why regional clinical trials, among others. Some proposed
8 amstat news december 2020Gamalo, Editor of JBS
solutions apply an agile, iterative test-and-learn worth the humble reasoning of a single individual,”
approach, rather than running long and expensive we all know science is also strengthened through con-
development processes to concoct the perfect solu- stant validation—the reproducibility of results, the
tion. Other solutions often require modern tech- conduct of peer-reviewed, open literature research.
nological innovation such as artificial intelligence Hence, the existence of other journals is also essential
(AI) and machine learning (ML), which provide for quality scientific and statistical research.
significant opportunities to enhance drug discovery, Furthermore, science and statistics moves and
clinical development, and commercialization. grows with collaboration. There is more and more to
When I wrote my editorial in December 2019 in know in the world, and one can only have so much
time for the first issue under my editorship, I pon- in our heads. In fact, the share of stuff we know
dered the role of scientific publishing in an evolv- as individuals is declining in any field. Inevitably,
ing industry. I realized that while our problems and we need to collaborate as most research problems
insights today are much different from when the require multiple kinds of expertise.
journal was first envisioned, not much has changed in Collaboration in science and statistics is good for
terms of its vision and mission. The journal remains making bold advances (i.e., innovation). Interaction
committed to the principle that better education of with people with different perspectives or approach-
statisticians enables informed debate and decision- es prevents us from getting tunnel vision. Hence,
making about the valid application of new meth- one objective in scientific publishing should be to
odologies and aids in addressing misuse of statistical collectively grow the biopharmaceutical statistics
concepts (e.g., p-values) for scientific discoveries. field together through a feedback loop of continu-
The journal will continue to strive to achieve ous scientific and statistical innovation.
excellence by publishing articles that present impor- Of note, innovation is key because it is multi-
tant new advances in an everchanging field of sta- plicative, meaning that the same input generates
tistics within the pharmaceutical industry. JBS will greater output far beyond the biopharmaceutical MORE ONLINE
always be a platform for education and dissemina- statistics field. The real problem, then, in scien- To read the entire
tion of statistical research and innovation, a reposi- tific publication is sustaining statistical innovation, fall issue of the
tory for statistical solutions and choices, and a forum which I believe is anchored on drivers of innovation Biopharm Report,
visit https://bit.
for scientific opinion on issues impacting methodol- (i.e., problems, constraints, and opportunities).
ly/35p44my.
ogy and applications in the pharmaceutical industry. While the biopharmaceutical industry may be a
mature field with established and highly regulated
BIOP Report: There are several statistical journals scientific and statistical problems, our problems can
with a focus on statistics issues in drug develop- be unique given the interface of different stakehold-
ment and many more with a broad focus on medi- ers (e.g., payor, regulator, patients, physicians, phar-
cal statistics and biostatistics. In your mind, what maceutical companies). Capitalizing on this unique-
are the competing journals for JBS? What is your ness to formulate innovative scientific and statistical
view on the relationship between JBS and these solutions could have far-reaching implications on
competing journals? What kind of journal would other fields.
you like to see JBS become in the next few years? With this paradigm in mind, the journal will
MG: There are two ways of thinking about the exis- strive to promote multidisciplinary collabora-
tence of other journals (i.e., whether to look at them tive research as a logical response to the expanse
as competitors or whether their existence comple- and pace of scientific revolution and transforma-
ments the journal and enlarges the collective influ- tion of the field. Not one discipline will be able
ence of statistics in the biopharmaceutical industry to integrate all aspects of any problem or issue of
by broadening readership and impact of scientific interest alone with proper applicability and suf-
publication). I prefer the latter, embracing the per- ficient viability or competitiveness across a multi-
spective of abundance (i.e., there is an abundance of stake holder industry. Increased focus on statisti-
scientific thought and research material for every- cal research that has good cross-functional appeal
one). This, I think, is the better long-term strategy apart from just pure statistical interest is impor-
for scientific publication and consistent with how tant. The journal believes that effective science is
science has evolved throughout history. achieved not just by one discipline, but by the col-
While Galileo Galilei may have stated, “In ques- laborative and multidisciplinary effort within the
tions of science, the authority of a thousand is not entire biopharmaceutical field.
december 2020 amstat news 9Science and statistics will not meet Another initiative we are accessing currently is to
harness the power of the crowd by highlighting key
innovations or discussions in social media. I think
its potential until the research culture as a leader in scientific publication, we need to be
more proactive in disseminating information than
enables and supports contributors from merely passive repositories of scientific thinking
brought to use through a Google search. It is esti-
all backgrounds and circumstances and mated that ~68% of Americans get their news from
social media (see https://pewrsr.ch/3pitBpb).
The ease of use of social media platforms for
contributions of all kinds based on the communicating and disseminating information also
makes them attractive to scientists. Furthermore,
interests, skills, and resources available. I believe social media gives us the opportunity to
engage directly with a wide range of audiences and
helps us understand our readers.
Within the next five years, we have several other
initiatives planned, as well (e.g., partnering with a
statistics professional organization on proceedings or
BIOP Report: What are the new measures you are narrowing the proceedings on hot topics or break-
taking to continue improving the quality and vis- throughs). There will be a few more changes along the
ibility of the journal and make it truly impactful? way as we try to think about what the role of scientific
MG: One of the initiatives I instituted when I publishing in a personalized information age means.
assumed the role of editor-in-chief was to ensure How can we adapt to that environment and perhaps
diversity in the editorial board. We have increased influence it as well, particularly in biopharmaceutical
the number of women associate editors (AEs), and statistics? I am open to suggestions, and anyone is free
currently there is a diverse pool of AEs representing to reach out with ideas on how we can improve.
pharmaceutical companies, academia, and regula-
tory agencies from various geographies. I realized BIOP Report: JBS has successfully published
that a journal relies on multiple and varied voices several special issues in the past and attracted
having a wide range of experiences. In fact, a diverse much attention. Do you plan to publish more
and inclusive editorial board brings the different special issues in the coming years, and what are
perspectives a journal needs to ensure quality and the topics of these special issues?
unleash value-driving insights, methods, and prac- MG: We recently launched a call for papers for
tices. Another consequence of a diverse pool of AEs special issues on real-world data/evidence (RWD/
is having a network to a broader pool of peer review- RWE) and in the implementation of estimands in
ers who are much more engaged. clinical research. RWD/RWE is a growing area that
We screen papers for appropriateness to be pub- still requires thought and consensus on how it can
lished in the journal (i.e., papers that fit the aims be applied, given the range of possibilities. In the
and goal of the journal). We identify novel meth- future, there will be a blurring of how evidence of
ods and applications and aspire to ensure relevance effectiveness of investigational new drugs will be
of topics while maintaining scientific integrity. We established. Moreover, this field will continue to
also plan special issues to address questions or bring grow in the next decade, finding interconnections
up more discussion about new and hot topics and with clinical trials, clinical practice through elec-
weave manuscripts coherently through different tronic health records, and digital health.
viewpoints or perspectives. Estimands, on the other hand, is a complex
Finally, we rely on our reviewers to provide qual- issue that is quite difficult to explore upfront and
ity scientific and statistical reviews. implement in the planning stage of a clinical trial.
Diversity and inclusion must happen, even in However, currently, it is changing the way we
scientific publishing. Science and statistics will not design trials, write the objectives, collect the data,
meet its potential until the research culture enables conduct the trial, and perform analysis because
and supports contributors from all backgrounds the framework requires us to be more unambigu-
and circumstances and contributions of all kinds ous about the questions we would like to answer.
based on the interests, skills, and resources avail- The complexity is also due to the presence of mul-
able. Failure to achieve diversity and inclusion of tiple scientific questions of interest about relevant
all stakeholders in science and statistics will slow treatment effects, interpretation of study results,
progress in discovery and translation of knowledge and added value of drugs to different stakeholders
to solving humanity’s most pressing problems. (i.e., regulatory, prescribers, patients, and payers).
10 amstat news december 2020Our guest editors are busy connecting with key
scientific leaders in this field, as well as disseminat- Biopharmaceutical Report Focuses on
ing the effort through different social media ven- Statistical Issues in COVID-19 Trials
ues. What we believe to be important is to have a
balanced and informative issue that will serve as a The Biopharmaceutical Report editorial team invited
definitive reference for these topics to many scien- authors from government, industry, and academia to
tists and statisticians in our field. write articles about their perspectives on the impact
For these special issues, the reviews will be of COVID-19 on clinical trials, particularly the statistical
rolling (i.e., once the reviews are completed, the issues involved in designing new COVID-19 trials. The
accepted manuscript will be posted on the webpage 2020 fall issue includes these articles.
right away for access). Once a sufficient number of
manuscripts is collected and reviewed, we will close Steve Wolf of Duke University, Peter Mesenbrink of
the issue and publish it in print. I urge those who Novartis, Herbert Pang of Genentech, and Xiaofei
are interested to reach out to Junjing Lin (Takeda), Wang of Duke University report a survey of COVID-19–
Helen Qi (Bristol Myers Squibb), Yodit Seifu related clinical trials based on the data extracted from
(Merck), or Bill Wang (Merck). Clinicaltrials.gov as of early October 2020. The article sets
We will also launch another special issue on the stage for discussion about the status of and possible
pediatrics very soon. Of note, the majority of the future design and statistical analysis issues in developing
investigational drugs being studied in adults will
a safe and effective vaccine and treatments for COVID-19.
[be studied in] pediatric patients, as well—either
through a requirement or in pursuit of an incen- Zachary McCaw of Google, Lu Tian of Stanford, and Lee-
tive. The challenges of running trials in children are Jen Wei of Harvard summarize recent work about how to
accelerating efforts in innovative trial design and quantify treatment effect and competing risk in COVID-19
analysis. We hope this special issue will provide a clinical trials.
simple but comprehensive guide for statisticians/
clinical research scientists to determine the extent of Peter Mesenbrink of Novartis shares his experience
development in a pediatric trial in accordance with designing several COVID-19 trials.
the principles of extrapolation and how these tri- Mitchell Thomann, Michael Durante, and Paul Berg of Eli
als can be streamlined to be as lean as possible to Lilly write about simulation studies they conducted to
ensure they provide the maximum information with
gain insight into choosing optimal study endpoints in a
the minimum number of pediatric patients exposed
to research risk. proof-of-concept trial.
We are trying to have this special issue coincide Sheng Feng, Amanda Shield, and Andy Wilson of Parexel
with a global virtual workshop on extrapolation in contribute a short article about the challenges and
pediatric drug development. This workshop and possible solutions of conducting real-world evidence
subsequent special is still in the planning stages, but studies on COVID-19 treatment.
will focus on statisticians’ and clinicians’ experiences
in pediatric drug development. An article by Yongming Qu and Ilya Lipkovich of Eli Lilly
provides a comprehensive review of estimands and
BIOP Report: As far as we know, many statistical estimation of treatment effect of clinical trials during
journals are facing challenges in finding highly COVID-19 in the context of ICH E9.
qualified reviewers to complete reviews in a short
timeframe—say one and a half months. What In this issue, there is also an interview with
do you think JBS can do to address issues such as Margaret Gamalo, the new editor for the Journal of
delayed manuscript review? Biopharmaceutical Statistics, and a summary report from
MG: Indeed, this is a big problem in scientific Statistical Methods in Oncology Scientific Working Group
publishing. Our managing editor, Victoria Chang on type I error considerations in master protocols.
(BeiGene), has been excellent in reminding AEs
View the latest issue of the Biopharmaceutical Report at
when the reviews are needed. We have been able to
manage asking the reviewers to actively turn in their https://bit.ly/35p44my.
reviews. Of course, there are some review slips here
and there as this is all voluntary work. For special
issues, we ask the guest editors to have their own have plans to expand our editorial board with folks
system of ensuring expedient reviews by having a from the European Union and Asia. In fact, if you
standby review committee. have an interest in serving as an AE and you have
As I have mentioned earlier, having a diverse set the passion to provide service to biopharmaceutical
of associate editors has been very helpful. We still statistics and the society, please reach out to us.
december 2020 amstat news 11We also encourage young scientists to take part Brilliant statisticians may sometimes be dis-
in this endeavor actively. It does not require that one suaded by writing not because they do not know
must be well experienced to serve as a reviewer. I how to write but by not trying. We are our own
think the major criteria to be a good reviewer are limit. We need to believe that something different
curiosity, critical thinking, and the ability to ask can happen in order to break old patterns, and we
good questions. can choose that new outlook at any time. Part of
I am aware that many of us will say we are eye- being an effective statistician is not only to develop
balls deep with work. On the other hand, I argue or apply sophisticated numerical calculations, but
that we need to take care of ourselves, as well. One also being an effective communicator in writing
way of doing that is ensuring we retain our scientific and in speaking.
and statistical thinking and keeping up to date on
innovation and new statistical techniques. I always BIOP Report: As we know, you had extensive working
am reminded that we may need to keep learning if experience in government and the pharmaceutical
we want to be relevant and as we live longer. Perhaps industry. What is the impact of this unique experi-
Mahatma Gandhi was right in saying that we need ence on your perspectives on the role of statistics
to “learn as if you were to live forever.” and statisticians in clinical trials research?
MG: I learned the principles of drug development
BIOP Report: Do you have any advice for the statisti- at the FDA, and I learned how to apply them while
cians who would like to submit manuscripts to JBS? understanding the challenges of drug development
MG: My general advice to all statisticians, and not in industry. I realized many of the regulations in
just to those who would like to submit manuscripts, clinical trials are common sense and centered on
is be curious and tell a good story. Most breakthrough ensuring the safety of patients. Having reviewed
discoveries started with curiosity—the impulse to seek hundreds of investigational new drugs (INDs) and
new information and experiences and explore novel new drug applications (NDAs), what is the right
possibilities. Curiosity is beneficial for all because it thing to do is sometimes very easy to spot because
cultivates many levels, whether it is one’s organization it is rational. I can also see the difficulty with imple-
or, more broadly, the society. In fact, curiosity helps menting mitigations from the industry side for
society make better decisions. When we are curious, some of the concerns raised by regulatory agencies.
we think deeply and rationally about decisions and I learned to assess what is ideal and what is appli-
come up with more creative solutions. cable. In the case of the latter, there is no perfect
Curiosity does not necessarily have to result in a solution most of the time, but the quality of the
monumental breakthrough, and certainly publish- medicinal product and patient safety are para-
ing in a scientific journal does not necessarily mean mount. Hence, when I think about my job respon-
only novel solutions are entertained. Science moves sibilities and the role of a statistician in the biophar-
by increments, not by leaps and bounds. Sometimes, maceutical industry, it may just be encapsulated by
the insight to the problem is enough. the provisions of Title 21 of the Code of Federal
What I also see as a problem is that there are Regulations, which is consistent with ensuring good
times when statisticians hold back on their ideas, clinical practice. Of note, good clinical practice rec-
fearing that they may be too obvious. I think great ognizes that protecting data integrity is part and
ideas may sometimes seem obvious because the parcel of ensuring safety of patients.
solution has all the parts of the question lining up More broadly, I think statisticians need to be
and shedding light on a solution. Therefore, ‘obvi- involved as key decision-makers. When we can
ous’ answers are not visible to most people, partly understand and interpret data correctly, our ability
because most people are not thinking about the to identify crucial areas requiring attention in drug
question. Ideas only come to those who recognize development are enhanced and our proposals for
a problem and look for innovative solutions. I posit mitigating these key areas are likely to respond to
that even Einstein could possibly not find a solution the needs of our organization or the industry. In an
if he had the wrong question. age where data is essential for making big decisions,
Inside every scientific discovery, there is a good whether in business or government, statisticians
story. I think it is important to share that story, as I need to be at the table so we can assist and encour-
am sure there are a lot of insights that went through age informed decision-making.
(e.g., how the problem came about, why it is an However, this also entails that we need to
important problem to pursue, how the solution was be able to communicate in the language that is
discovered, why other solutions failed). These expe- understandable by nonstatisticians. Statisticians
riences are actually very informative and could help may need to be comfortable communicating
many researchers out there know or understand about the problem not just in terms of numbers.
what works and what does not. We need to understand the whole problem and
12 amstat news december 2020not just numerical ramifications (e.g., scientific,
clinical, regulatory, payor, etc.) Having a holistic My general advice to all statisticians,
view is what we need, so we can provide more
valuable and insightful feedback. and not just to those who would like
My experience on both sides of the industry
(regulatory and pharma) has also shaped my col-
laboration with many statisticians in the industry. I
to submit manuscripts, is be curious
have been more discerning on what topics are most
impactful, and so I think statisticians need to influ- and tell a good story.
ence scientific thinking and progress in the biophar-
maceutical industry. Particularly, I learned how to
think big, start small, and learn fast—our role in the
industry is to have a broad vision while being mind-
Consistent with the spirit of collaboration I
ful of how we act on it.
mentioned previously, I decided not to go with
For more than five years, I have been using a
another special issue on COVID-19 in JBS
great deal of Bayesian methodology. However, I
because it would then be in competition with
realized that most sample sizes are driven by the
the SBR effort. Instead, any COVID-19–related
number of exposures needed to have sufficient data
research identified as helpful to the scientific com-
to establish safety. Hence the value of Bayesian
munity or related research activities will be given
methodology in terms of efficiency in late phases of
priority and expedited review. This allows us to
development may not be apparent to encourage a
publish any research and findings with greater
strong push for change. However, in areas of unmet
speed and agility.
need and in pediatrics, the use of Bayesian method-
The main issue with developing drugs for
ology is clear because of feasibility and because of
COVID-19 is speed of innovation. However, many
ethical principles of not having duplicative infor-
of the tools for acceleration have been discussed
mation to warrant translating conclusions from
extensively in literature (e.g., adaptive design, data
one population to another. That situation gave me
sharing, etc.) What is lacking, from a statistical per-
a better perspective to focus on what innovative
spective, is on knowledge of appropriate endpoints
advances can bring meaningful change in policy.
in relation to patient population. Hence, COVID-
In fact, most of these innovative methods have
19 disease progression models are needed to learn
been expanded to applications of propensity scor-
about how to conduct COVID-19 treatment clini-
ing methods to augment clinical trials, particularly
cal trials. Ensuring clinical trials have a common set
in pediatrics, orphan diseases, and unmet medical
of data that can help inform other development is
need indications. So even in scientific research and
also important. However, there is little data avail-
policy, the words of Justice Ruth Bader-Ginsburg
able to assess how this can impact speed of develop-
reverberate: “Real change, enduring change, hap-
ment. The best would be when data is already out
pens one step at a time.”
there, what can we learn from it so we can be better
BIOP Report: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a prepared should there be another catastrophic event
significant and long-lasting impact on how clini- of similar nature in the future?
cal trials are conducted. Meanwhile, government, I do encourage statisticians to contribute to
universities, and many pharmaceutical companies the scientific efforts for developing treatments for
are working together to find vaccines and new COVID-19. I think it is a worthwhile endeavor
treatments for this disease. Do you have a plan to and reminds us how interconnected we are. If we
use the journal as a venue to promote the discus- do not collaborate, we will be in this situation for
sion on challenging issues arising in clinical trial a long time.
I believe this is the best time for science and
designs and analyses?
statistics. In fact, as I have mentioned previ-
MG: Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research ously, with uncertainty comes great innovation.
(SBR) is already having a series of special issues on Problems and constraints are backdrops for oppor-
the impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials and in tunity. As a cheery reminder, Sir Isaac Newton
COVID-19–related research. Some of my friends produced an unbelievable number of exceptional
and colleagues are already working hard on that results, including seminal experiments on the law
area and I am amazed at the speed of coordina- of universal gravitation, while quarantined during
tion and implementation. Two of the manuscripts the London plague of 1665–1666 (see https://bit.
I have been involved in writing will be published ly/2IjhnMB), though I believe he must have been
in that endeavor. curious and persistent even before that. n
december 2020 amstat news 13You can also read
