Madagascar Economy Profile - Doing Business 2019

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Madagascar Economy Profile - Doing Business 2019
Doing Business 2019   Madagascar

                                    Economy Profile

                                   Madagascar

                                                      Page 1
Madagascar Economy Profile - Doing Business 2019
Doing Business 2019       Madagascar

                                          Economy Profile of Madagascar

                                            Doing Business 2019 Indicators
                                       (in order of appearance in the document)

Starting a business                 Procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital to start a limited liability company

Dealing with construction permits   Procedures, time and cost to complete all formalities to build a warehouse and the quality
                                    control and safety mechanisms in the construction permitting system

Getting electricity                 Procedures, time and cost to get connected to the electrical grid, and the reliability of the
                                    electricity supply and the transparency of tariffs

Registering property                Procedures, time and cost to transfer a property and the quality of the land administration
                                    system

Getting credit                      Movable collateral laws and credit information systems

Protecting minority investors       Minority shareholders’ rights in related-party transactions and in corporate governance

Paying taxes                        Payments, time, total tax and contribution rate for a firm to comply with all tax regulations as
                                    well as post-filing processes

Trading across borders              Time and cost to export the product of comparative advantage and import auto parts

Enforcing contracts                 Time and cost to resolve a commercial dispute and the quality of judicial processes

Resolving insolvency                Time, cost, outcome and recovery rate for a commercial insolvency and the strength of the
                                    legal framework for insolvency

Labor market regulation             Flexibility in employment regulation and aspects of job quality

                                                                                                                                       Page 2
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

About Doing Business

The Doing Business project provides objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies and selected
cities at the subnational and regional level.

The Doing Business project, launched in 2002, looks at domestic small and medium-size companies and measures the regulations applying
to them through their life cycle.

Doing Business captures several important dimensions of the regulatory environment as it applies to local firms. It provides quantitative
indicators on regulation for starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit,
protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency. Doing Business also
measures features of labor market regulation. Although Doing Business does not present rankings of economies on the labor market
regulation indicators or include the topic in the aggregate ease of doing business score or ranking on the ease of doing business, it does
present the data for these indicators.

By gathering and analyzing comprehensive quantitative data to compare business regulation environments across economies and over time,
Doing Business encourages economies to compete towards more efficient regulation; offers measurable benchmarks for reform; and serves
as a resource for academics, journalists, private sector researchers and others interested in the business climate of each economy.

In addition, Doing Business offers detailed subnational reports, which exhaustively cover business regulation and reform in different cities and
regions within a nation. These reports provide data on the ease of doing business, rank each location, and recommend reforms to improve
performance in each of the indicator areas. Selected cities can compare their business regulations with other cities in the economy or region
and with the 190 economies that Doing Business has ranked.

The first Doing Business report, published in 2003, covered 5 indicator sets and 133 economies. This year’s report covers 11 indicator sets
and 190 economies. Most indicator sets refer to a case scenario in the largest business city of each economy, except for 11 economies that
have a population of more than 100 million as of 2013 (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, the
Russian Federation and the United States) where Doing Business also collected data for the second largest business city. The data for these
11 economies are a population-weighted average for the 2 largest business cities. The project has benefited from feedback from
governments, academics, practitioners and reviewers. The initial goal remains: to provide an objective basis for understanding and improving
the regulatory environment for business around the world.

More about Doing Business (PDF, 5MB)

                                                                                                                                                   Page 3
Doing Business 2019                Madagascar

         Ease of Doing Business in                                                                                            DB 2019 Rank
                                               Region                 Sub-Saharan Africa
                                                                                                             190                                          1
              Madagascar
                                               Income Category        Low income                                        161
                                                                                                                      DB 2019 Ease of doing business score
                                               Population             25,570,895
                                                                                                               0                               100

                                               City Covered           Antananarivo                                                    48.89

                                                            DB 2019 Ease of Doing Business Score

                        0                                                                                                             100
                                                                                                             79.58: Mauritius (Rank: 20)

                                                                                                    70.31: Kenya (Rank: 61)

                                                                                   55.53: Mozambique (Rank: 135)

                                                                            51.61: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)

                                                                          48.89: Madagascar (Rank: 161)

                                                                          48.66: Comoros (Rank: 164)

Note: The ease of doing business score captures the gap of each economy from the best regulatory performance observed on each of the indicators across all economies
in the Doing Business sample since 2005. An economy’s ease of doing business score is reflected on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the lowest and 100
represents the best performance. The ease of doing business ranking ranges from 1 to 190.

Rankings on Doing Business topics - Madagascar

         1

         28

         55
                 81
         82
 Rank

                                                                                               99

        109
                                                                              124
                                                                                                              132                                               136
                                                                                                                              138
        136
                                                                                                                                                150
                                                               162
        163
                               183            185
        190

               Starting       Dealing        Getting        Registering      Getting        Protecting      Paying         Trading            Enforcing        Resolving
                  a            with         Electricity      Property        Credit          Minority       Taxes          across             Contracts       Insolvency
               Business     Construction                                                    Investors                      Borders
                              Permits

Ease of Doing Business Score on Doing Business topics - Madagascar

        100
                88.10

        80

                                                                                                             62.62            60.95
Score

        60
                                                                                              51.67
                                                              44.72                                                                             46.55
                                                                              40.00
        40                    37.54
                                                                                                                                                                34.24

                                             22.48
        20

         0

              Starting        Dealing        Getting        Registering      Getting        Protecting       Paying        Trading            Enforcing        Resolving
                 a             with         Electricity      Property        Credit          Minority        Taxes         across             Contracts       Insolvency
              Business      Construction                                                    Investors                      Borders
                              Permits

                                                                                                                                                                           Page 4
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

     Starting a Business

This topic measures the number of procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital requirement for a small- to medium-sized limited
liability company to start up and formally operate in each economy’s largest business city.

To make the data comparable across 190 economies, Doing Business uses a standardized business that is 100% domestically owned, has
start-up capital equivalent to 10 times the income per capita, engages in general industrial or commercial activities and employs between 10
and 50 people one month after the commencement of operations, all of whom are domestic nationals. Starting a Business considers two
types of local limited liability companies that are identical in all aspects, except that one company is owned by 5 married women and the
other by 5 married men. The ranking of economies on the ease of starting a business is determined by sorting their scores for starting a
business. These scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.

The most recent round of data collection for the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information.

 What the indicators measure                              Case study assumptions

Procedures to legally start and formally operate        To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
a company (number)                                      business and the procedures are used. It is assumed that any required information is
                                                        readily available and that the entrepreneur will pay no bribes.
• Preregistration (for example, name verification or
  reservation, notarization)
                                                        The business:
• Registration in the economy’s largest business        - Is a limited liability company (or its legal equivalent). If there is more than one type
  city
                                                        of limited liability company in the economy, the most common among domestic firms
• Postregistration (for example, social security        is chosen. Information on the most common form is obtained from incorporation
  registration, company seal)                           lawyers or the statistical office.
                                                        - Operates in the economy’s largest business city. For 11 economies the data are
• Obtaining approval from spouse to start a
  business or to leave the home to register the         also collected for the second largest business city.
  company                                               - The entire office space is approximately 929 square meters (10,000 square feet).
                                                        - Is 100% domestically owned and has five owners, none of whom is a legal entity;
• Obtaining any gender specific document for            has a start-up capital of 10 times income per capita and has a turnover of at least
  company registration and operation or national        100 times income per capita.
  identification card
                                                        - Performs general industrial or commercial activities, such as the production or sale
                                                        of goods or services to the public. The business does not perform foreign trade
Time required to complete each procedure
                                                        activities and does not handle products subject to a special tax regime, for example,
(calendar days)
                                                        liquor or tobacco. It does not use heavily polluting production processes.
• Does not include time spent gathering                 - Leases the commercial plant or offices and is not a proprietor of real estate and the
  information                                           amount of the annual lease for the office space is equivalent to the income per
                                                        capita.
• Each procedure starts on a separate day (2
  procedures cannot start on the same day)              - Does not qualify for investment incentives or any special benefits.
                                                        - Has at least 10 and up to 50 employees one month after the commencement of
• Procedures fully completed online are recorded        operations, all of whom are domestic nationals.
  as ½ day                                              - Has a company deed that is 10 pages long.
• Procedure is considered completed once final
  document is received                                  The owners:

• No prior contact with officials                       - Have reached the legal age of majority. If there is no legal age of majority, they are
                                                        assumed to be 30 years old.
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of          - Are sane, competent, in good health and have no criminal record.
income per capita)                                      - Are married and the marriage is monogamous and registered with the authorities.
                                                        - Where the answer differs according to the legal system applicable to the woman or
• Official costs only, no bribes                        man in question (as may be the case in economies where there is legal plurality), the
• No professional fees unless services required by      answer used will be the one that applies to the majority of the population.
  law or commonly used in practice

Paid-in minimum capital (% of income per
capita)

• Funds deposited in a bank or with third party
  before registration or up to 3 months after
  incorporation

                                                                                                                                                     Page 5
Doing Business 2019         Madagascar

Starting a Business - Madagascar

  Standardized Company

 Legal form                                                             Socièté a Responsabilité Limitée (SARL)

 Paid-in minimum capital requirement                                    MGA 0

 City Covered                                                           Antananarivo

  Indicator                                             Madagascar         Sub-Saharan            OECD high             Best Regulatory
                                                                           Africa                 income                Performance

 Procedure – Men (number)                              5                   7.4                   4.9                    1 (New Zealand)

 Time – Men (days)                                     8                   23.3                  9.3                    0.5 (New Zealand)

 Cost – Men (% of income per capita)                   33.0                44.4                  3.1                    0.0 (Slovenia)

 Procedure – Women (number)                            5                   7.6                   4.9                    1 (New Zealand)

 Time – Women (days)                                   8                   23.4                  9.3                    0.5 (New Zealand)

 Cost – Women (% of income per capita)                 33.0                44.4                  3.1                    0.0 (Slovenia)

 Paid-in min. capital (% of income per capita)         0.0                 10.0                  8.6                    0.0 (117 Economies)

 Figure – Starting a Business in Madagascar and comparator economies – Ranking and Score

                                                    DB 2019 Starting a Business Score

       0                                                                                           100

                                                                                          94.34: Mauritius (Rank: 21)

                                                                                     88.10: Madagascar (Rank: 81)

                                                                                 82.41: Kenya (Rank: 126)

                                                                           78.52: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)

                                                                      72.25: Comoros (Rank: 164)

                                                                  67.56: Mozambique (Rank: 174)

Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of starting a business is determined by sorting their scores for starting a business. These scores
are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.

                                                                                                                                                Page 6
Doing Business 2019   Madagascar

  Figure – Starting a Business in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

                                                Time (days)         Cost (% of income per capita)
               8                                                                                                                        35

               7                                                                                                                        30

                                                                                                                                             Cost (% of income per capita)
               6
                                                                                                                                        25
 Time (days)

               5
                                                                                                                                        20
               4
                                                                                                                                        15
               3

                                                                                                                                        10
               2

               1                                                                                                                        5

               0                                                                                                                        0
                      1                     2                         3                         4                        *5
                                                              Procedures (number)

* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.

Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.

                                                                                                                                                                             Page 7
Doing Business 2019             Madagascar

Details – Starting a Business in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

No.     Procedures                                                                                   Time to Complete      Associated Costs

1       Apply for a tax identification number (NIF) and verify the necessary forms                   1 day                 no charge
        and registration fees at the One-Stop Shop (EDBM)
        Agency : EDBM
        A new company can be registered at the One-Stop Shop (EDBM). Upon arrival at
        EDBM, the entrepreneur needs to stop at the front office to apply for a tax identification
        number (NIF), for verification of the documents to be submitted for registration and of
        the amount to the paid to the tax authority.

        The front office will apply for the tax identification number online for the applicant
        (through a process called NIFONLINE) and will verify whether the forms were correctly
        filled and that no information is missing. The forms are available online and the
        entrepreneurs can either print them at home or obtain them at the registry.

2       Register the company, pay the registration fees and apply for a license                      4 days                see comments
        (carte professionnelle), for registration at INSTAT and for the publication of
        a notice of company incorporation
        Agency : EDBM
        The entrepreneur must apply for company registration at EDBM, by presenting the
        company's articles of association, paying the registration fees in cash and applying for a
        license and registration at the National Statistics Institute (Institut National de la
        Statistique Malgache - INSTAT) at EDBM.

        Alternatively, the entrepreneur has the option to pay the registration fees with a nominal
        check previously obtained at a bank.

        Fee schedule:
        • Commercial registration fee: MGA 16,000
        • Deed registration costs: MGA 2,000
        • Institut National de la Statistique Malgache (INSTAT) registration costs: MGA 40,000
        • Tax Authority registration cost: 0.5% of share capital
        • Provisional income tax: MGA 320,000

        Once the registration is finalized, the entrepreneur will receive the incorporation
        document called the K-Bis. This is the document that compiles the relevant information
        regarding the company. It includes the tax ID, the registration number and the date of the
        newspaper publication.

3       Register employees with Social Security                                                      1 day                 no charge
        Agency : EDBM
        The company must register its employees with the National Social Security Fund (Caisse
        Nationale de Prevoyance Sociale), and file two copies of an application form (bulletin
        d'adhesion nouveau membre) along with a list of names of all employees and their
        identity cards to enroll for health insurance.

4       Register employees for health insurance                                                      1 day                 no charge
        Agency : OSTIE
        Registration with an insurance scheme is mandatory.

        OSTIE is the public insurance scheme and registration is free of charge. However,
        companies can choose to offer the services of a private insurance scheme. In case they
        chose to do so, the additional cost is not deductible from taxes.

    5   File a declaration of start of activities to the Labor Inspectorate                          1 day (simultaneous   no charge
        Agency : Labor Inspectorate                                                                  with previous
        As foreseen in art. 251 of the Labor Code, new companies shall submit a declaration of       procedure)
        start of activities to the Labor Inspectorate. This declaration can be submitted after the
        employee registration with Social Security.

Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.

                                                                                                                                              Page 8
Doing Business 2019              Madagascar

     Dealing with Construction Permits

This topic tracks the procedures, time and cost to build a warehouse—including obtaining necessary the licenses and permits, submitting all
required notifications, requesting and receiving all necessary inspections and obtaining utility connections. In addition, the Dealing with
Construction Permits indicator measures the building quality control index, evaluating the quality of building regulations, the strength of
quality control and safety mechanisms, liability and insurance regimes, and professional certification requirements. The most recent round of
data collection was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information

 What the indicators measure                              Case study assumptions

Procedures to legally build a warehouse                 To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
(number)                                                construction company, the warehouse project and the utility connections are used.

• Submitting all relevant documents and obtaining       The construction company (BuildCo):
  all necessary clearances, licenses, permits and
  certificates                                          - Is a limited liability company (or its legal equivalent) and operates in the economy’s
                                                        largest business city. For 11 economies the data are also collected for the second
• Submitting all required notifications and receiving   largest business city.
  all necessary inspections
                                                        - Is 100% domestically and privately owned; has five owners, none of whom is a
• Obtaining utility connections for water and           legal entity. Has a licensed architect and a licensed engineer, both registered with
  sewerage                                              the local association of architects or engineers. BuildCo is not assumed to have any
• Registering and selling the warehouse after its       other employees who are technical or licensed experts, such as geological or
  completion                                            topographical experts.
                                                        - Owns the land on which the warehouse will be built and will sell the warehouse
Time required to complete each procedure                upon its completion.
(calendar days)
                                                        The warehouse:
• Does not include time spent gathering
  information                                           - Will be used for general storage activities, such as storage of books or stationery.
                                                        - Will have two stories, both above ground, with a total constructed area of
• Each procedure starts on a separate day—              approximately 1,300.6 square meters (14,000 square feet). Each floor will be 3
  though procedures that can be fully completed
                                                        meters (9 feet, 10 inches) high and will be located on a land plot of approximately
  online are an exception to this rule
                                                        929 square meters (10,000 square feet) that is 100% owned by BuildCo, and the
• Procedure is considered completed once final          warehouse is valued at 50 times income per capita.
  document is received                                  - Will have complete architectural and technical plans prepared by a licensed
                                                        architect. If preparation of the plans requires such steps as obtaining further
• No prior contact with officials
                                                        documentation or getting prior approvals from external agencies, these are counted
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of          as procedures.
income per capita)                                      - Will take 30 weeks to construct (excluding all delays due to administrative and
                                                        regulatory requirements).
• Official costs only, no bribes
                                                        The water and sewerage connections:
Building quality control index (0-15)
                                                        - Will be 150 meters (492 feet) from the existing water source and sewer tap. If there
• Quality of building regulations (0-2)                 is no water delivery infrastructure in the economy, a borehole will be dug. If there is
• Quality control before construction (0-1)             no sewerage infrastructure, a septic tank in the smallest size available will be
                                                        installed or built.
• Quality control during construction (0-3)             - Will have an average water use of 662 liters (175 gallons) a day and an average
• Quality control after construction (0-3)              wastewater flow of 568 liters (150 gallons) a day. Will have a peak water use of
                                                        1,325 liters (350 gallons) a day and a peak wastewater flow of 1,136 liters (300
• Liability and insurance regimes (0-2)                 gallons) a day.
• Professional certifications (0-4)                     - Will have a constant level of water demand and wastewater flow throughout the
                                                        year; will be 1 inch in diameter for the water connection and 4 inches in diameter for
                                                        the sewerage connection.

                                                                                                                                                   Page 9
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

Dealing with Construction Permits - Madagascar

       Standardized Warehouse

    Estimated value of warehouse                                                   MGA 67,404,240.20

    City Covered                                                                   Antananarivo

       Indicator                                             Madagascar                  Sub-Saharan         OECD high           Best Regulatory
                                                                                         Africa              income              Performance

    Procedures (number)                                      16                      14.7                   12.7                 None in 2017/18

    Time (days)                                              185                     145.7                  153.1                None in 2017/18

    Cost (% of warehouse value)                              36.3                    8.8                    1.5                  None in 2017/18

    Building quality control index (0-15)                    6.0                     8.5                    11.5                 15.0 (3 Economies)

  Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Madagascar and comparator economies – Ranking and Score

                                                    DB 2019 Dealing with Construction Permits Score

                     0                                                                                        100

                                                                                           82.51: Mauritius (Rank: 15)

                                                                                 72.57: Mozambique (Rank: 64)

                                                                            69.22: Comoros (Rank: 85)

                                                                       63.49: Kenya (Rank: 128)

                                                                   58.59: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)

                                               37.54: Madagascar (Rank: 183)

Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of dealing with construction permits is determined by sorting their scores for dealing with
construction permits. These scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.

  Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

                                                     Time (days)               Cost (% of warehouse value)
                                                                                                                                                      30
               180

               160
                                                                                                                                                      25
                                                                                                                                                           Cost (% of warehouse value)

               140

               120                                                                                                                                    20
 Time (days)

               100
                                                                                                                                                      15
               80

               60                                                                                                                                     10

               40
                                                                                                                                                      5
               20

                0                                                                                                                                     0
                         1   *2   *3      4     5        6         7       8         9        10       11      12        * 13   14    15      16
                                                                       Procedures (number)

* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.

Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.

                                                                                                                                                                                         Page 10
Doing Business 2019                        Madagascar

Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Madagascar and comparator economies – Measure of Quality

              15                                                                                           14.0

                                                                                                                                 11.0
Index score
              10                                                                  9.0                                                              8.5

                                6.0
                  5                                      4.0

                  0

                           Madagascar                 Comoros                    Kenya                  Mauritius             Mozambique     Sub-Saharan Africa

Details – Dealing with Construction Permits in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

  No.                 Procedures                                                                                    Time to Complete       Associated Costs

1                     Obtain property registration certificates                                                     21 days                MGA 8,000
                      Agency : Land Administration Department (Service des Domaines)
                      BuildCo must obtain four copies of all the property registration documents.

              2       Obtain official topographical plan of the plot                                                21 days                MGA 20,000
                      Agency : Topographical Services (Service Topographique)
                      Four copies of the official topographical plan for the property with coordinates are
                      needed.

              3       Obtain geo-technical study of the land                                                        11 days                MGA 17,353,125
                      Agency : Private licensed company
                      A soil test is a necessary step for the development of the project. The soil investigation
                      helps to determine the bearing capacity of the land, which helps to determine the load
                      capability, the type and depth of foundation, in order to make sure to select a suitable
                      construction technique.

4                     Request an alignment permit from the Commune of Antananarivo                                  1 day                  no charge
                      Agency : Commune of Antananarivo
                      The alignment permit is a mandatory document to obtain a building permit. The request
                      for this permit is made on a standard form and is submitted by the owner, in duplicate, to
                      the City Council (Commune d’Antananarivo), along with proof of ownership.

                      The planning officer will prepare a sketch of alignment and a report (procès verbal)
                      detailing the constraints of alignment with the road allowances of the Master Plan
                      (delimitation of the unbuildable portion). The file is then sent to the Régional de
                      l’Aménagement du Territoire et de la Ville, which verifies that the file is in conformity
                      with the rules of urban planning and the provisions of the Master Plan of the Commune.
                      The file is then returned to the Town Hall.

                      A receipt showing that the request was made will be given back to BuildCo and at the
                      same time, an appointment date will be provided for the site visit with the owner and 2
                      inspectors.

5                     Receive inspection from SRAT                                                                  5 days                 no charge
                      Agency : SRAT (Provincial Service of Land)
                      The inspection is carried out by the Provincial Service of Land (Développement
                      Aménagement du Territoire, SRAT) and the land owner. These inspections are necessary
                      to obtain SRAT’s approval of the building permit. In addition to the first inspection
                      before the start of construction work, SRAT may carry out several other random
                      inspections. Technical directives for construction work include, among other things, a
                      check of the center line of the street, the street boundaries, blind walls, and openings in
                      walls.

6                     Obtain the alignment permit from the Commune of Antananarivo                                  20 days                MGA 97,500
                      Agency : Commune of Antananarivo
                      The Urban Commune checks the design plans and supporting documents to ensure that
                      no documents are missing.

                                                                                                                                                                  Page 11
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

7    Request and obtain the planning requirements from SRAT                                       7 days    no charge
     Agency : Service Regional de l'Amenagement du Territoire (SRAT)
     Once the alignment permit has been obtained, BuildCo must obtain the planning
     requirements (presciption d’urbanisme). This planning requirement document is obtained
     from the Service Regional de l'Amenagement du Territoire (SRAT) in one week. This
     document is necessary to show that the entrepreneur has the right to build on that land.
     The required documents are:

     - Official plan of the land with laborde coordinates (1 copy)
     - Certificate of legal status that is less than 3 months old (1 copy)
     - Duly complete form to request the prescription d'urbanisme obtained at the City Hall
     Analakely (1 copy)
     - Alignment authorization (issued by the CUA)
     - Alignment Sketch (issued by the CUA)

8    Request and obtain building permit                                                           45 days   MGA 3,951,800
     Agency : Commune of Antananarivo
     The building permit is now completed in 3 steps:

     (i) obtain the alignment permit
     (ii) obtain the planning permission certificate

     Once these two steps are completed, BuildCo may now request the building permit and
     submit all necessary documents. Only completed applications are accepted at the
     Commune Urbaine d'Antananarivo (CUA- one-stop shop).
     The cost is calculated based on the volume of the building before SPAT issues its opinion.
     The cost can vary from MGA 1,000.00 to MGA 2,000.00 per cubic meter.

     Documents to be provided are:
     - Alignment permit issued by the CUA
     - Official survey plan of the land with laborde coordinates obtained from the Topographic
     Service Anosy (1 copy)
     - Proof of ownership that is less than 3 months old (1 copy)
     - Alignment with prescription planning permission (1 copy)

     Documents for the applicant:
     - Technical data sheet completed and signed by architect (1 copy)
     - Certified copy of the ID (carte d’identite nationale) (1 copy)
     - 2 stamped and addressed envelopes
     - Pictures of the land and its surroundings
     - All required plans including the site plan with the septic tank location clearly marked

     The fee for a building permit is fixed by the "arrêté municopal numéro 120/CUA/CAB/15
     portant fixation des droits et taxes fiscaux et parafiscaux de la Commune urbaine
     d'Antananarivo pour l'année 2018": The cost per square meter is MGA 3,000 besides a
     general fee of MGA 25,000 of administrative fees and MGA 25,000 for encroachment
     permits (permission de voirie). Therefore, the cost breakdown is as follow: MGA 3,000 *
     1300,6 +50,000.

9    Inform SRAT upon completion of construction                                                  1 day     no charge
     Agency : Service Regional de l'Amenagement du Territoire (SRAT)
     BuildCo must inform Service Regional de l'Amenagement du Territoire (SRAT) in person
     upon completion of construction and request the final inspection in order to obtain the
     Occupancy permit. (Certificat d'Habiter).
     At that time, a certified copy of the building permit as well as a certified copy of the
     Nationl ID must also be provided in order to make that request

10   Receive final inspection at the end of construction by SRAT                                  1 day     no charge
     Agency : SRAT (Provincial Service of Land)
     The final inspection and approval by SRAT are required to obtain the certificate of
     occupancy.

11   Receive inspection by fire protection service                                                1 day     no charge
     Agency : Fire Service (Pompiers)

12   Obtain occupancy certificate                                                                 30 days   MGA 235,000
     Agency : Commission
     This authorization is mandatory and must be obtained prior to occupying a new building.
     It is also useful for obtaining an official number for the building and ensuring that a
     building permit has been issued for the said building.

     Apply for water connection                                                                   1 day     no charge
13   Agency : JIRAMA

14   JIRAMA inspects the building to prepare an estimate                                          1 day     no charge
     Agency : JIRAMA
     BuildCo receives the cost estimates 2 weeks after JIRAMA inspects the building and can
     pay them immediately and acquire the connection one week later.

                                                                                                                            Page 12
Doing Business 2019          Madagascar

15    Request and obtain permission for water connection from Commune of                     30 days   MGA 285,000
      Antananarivo
      Agency : Commune of Antananarivo
      Once JIRAMA has provided both the cost estimate and the survey plan (plan croquis de
      JIRAMA), BuildCo must request an authorization from the Municipality to connect to
      water. Without this authorization, JIRAMA cannot proceed with the connection work.

16    Obtain water connection                                                                21 days   MGA 2,500,000
      Agency : JIRAMA
      The fee for water connection is around MGA 2.5 million.

Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.

                                                                                                                       Page 13
Doing Business 2019         Madagascar

Details – Dealing with Construction Permits in Madagascar – Measure of Quality

                                                                                                      Answer               Score

Building quality control index (0-15)                                                                                      6.0

Quality of building regulations index (0-2)                                                                                2.0

  How accessible are building laws and regulations in your economy? (0-1)                             Available online;    1.0
                                                                                                      Free of charge.

  Which requirements for obtaining a building permit are clearly specified in the building            List of required     1.0
  regulations or on any accessible website, brochure or pamphlet? (0-1)                               documents; Fees
                                                                                                      to be paid;
                                                                                                      Required
                                                                                                      preapprovals.

Quality control before construction index (0-1)                                                                            1.0

  Which third-party entities are required by law to verify that the building plans are in             Licensed             1.0
  compliance with existing building regulations? (0-1)                                                architect; Civil
                                                                                                      servant reviews
                                                                                                      plans.

Quality control during construction index (0-3)                                                                            0.0

  What types of inspections (if any) are required by law to be carried out during construction?       No inspections       0.0
  (0-2)                                                                                               are legally
                                                                                                      required during
                                                                                                      construction..

  Do legally mandated inspections occur in practice during construction? (0-1)                        Mandatory            0.0
                                                                                                      inspections are
                                                                                                      not always done
                                                                                                      in practice during
                                                                                                      construction.

Quality control after construction index (0-3)                                                                             2.0

  Is there a final inspection required by law to verify that the building was built in accordance     Yes, final           2.0
  with the approved plans and regulations? (0-2)                                                      inspection is
                                                                                                      done by
                                                                                                      government
                                                                                                      agency.

  Do legally mandated final inspections occur in practice? (0-1)                                      Final inspection     0.0
                                                                                                      does not always
                                                                                                      occur in practice;
                                                                                                      Final inspection
                                                                                                      occurs most of
                                                                                                      the time.

Liability and insurance regimes index (0-2)                                                                                1.0

  Which parties (if any) are held liable by law for structural flaws or problems in the building      Architect or         1.0
  once it is in use (Latent Defect Liability or Decennial Liability)? (0-1)                           engineer;
                                                                                                      Construction
                                                                                                      company.

  Which parties (if any) are required by law to obtain an insurance policy to cover possible          No party is          0.0
  structural flaws or problems in the building once it is in use (Latent Defect Liability Insurance   required by law
  or Decennial Insurance)? (0-1)                                                                      to obtain
                                                                                                      insurance .

Professional certifications index (0-4)                                                                                    0.0

  What are the qualification requirements for the professional responsible for verifying that the     University degree    0.0
  architectural plans or drawings are in compliance with existing building regulations? (0-2)         in architecture or
                                                                                                      engineering.

  What are the qualification requirements for the professional who supervises the construction        University degree    0.0
  on the ground? (0-2)                                                                                in engineering,
                                                                                                      construction or
                                                                                                      construction
                                                                                                      management.

                                                                                                                                   Page 14
Doing Business 2019              Madagascar

     Getting Electricity

This topic measures the procedures, time and cost required for a business to obtain a permanent electricity connection for a newly
constructed warehouse. Additionally, the reliability of supply and transparency of tariffs index measures reliability of supply, transparency of
tariffs and the price of electricity. The most recent round of data collection for the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology
for more information.

 What the indicators measure                                Case study assumptions

Procedures to obtain an electricity connection             To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
(number)                                                   warehouse, the electricity connection and the monthly consumption are used.

• Submitting all relevant documents and obtaining          The warehouse:
  all necessary clearances and permits
                                                           - Is owned by a local entrepreneur and is used for storage of goods.
• Completing all required notifications and                - Is located in the economy’s largest business city. For 11 economies the data are
  receiving all necessary inspections
                                                           also collected for the second largest business city.
• Obtaining external installation works and possibly       - Is located in an area where similar warehouses are typically located and is in an
  purchasing material for these works                      area with no physical constraints. For example, the property is not near a railway.
                                                           - Is a new construction and is being connected to electricity for the first time.
• Concluding any necessary supply contract and
  obtaining final supply                                   - Has two stories with a total surface area of approximately 1,300.6 square meters
                                                           (14,000 square feet). The plot of land on which it is built is 929 square meters
Time required to complete each procedure                   (10,000 square feet).
(calendar days)
                                                           The electricity connection:
• Is at least 1 calendar day
                                                           - Is a permanent one with a three-phase, four-wire Y connection with a subscribed
• Each procedure starts on a separate day                  capacity of 140-kilo-volt-ampere (kVA) with a power factor of 1, when 1 kVA = 1
• Does not include time spent gathering                    kilowatt (kW).
  information                                              - Has a length of 150 meters. The connection is to either the low- or medium-voltage
                                                           distribution network and is either overhead or underground, whichever is more
• Reflects the time spent in practice, with little         common in the area where the warehouse is located and requires works that involve
  follow-up and no prior contact with officials
                                                           the crossing of a 10-meter road (such as by excavation or overhead lines) but are all
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of             carried out on public land. There is no crossing of other owners’ private property
income per capita)                                         because the warehouse has access to a road.
                                                           - Does not require work to install the internal wiring of the warehouse. This has
• Official costs only, no bribes                           already been completed up to and including the customer’s service panel or
• Value added tax excluded                                 switchboard and the meter base.

The reliability of supply and transparency of              The monthly consumption:
tariffs index (0-8)
                                                           - It is assumed that the warehouse operates 30 days a month from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00
• Duration and frequency of power outages (0–3)            p.m. (8 hours a day), with equipment utilized at 80% of capacity on average and that
• Tools to monitor power outages (0–1)                     there are no electricity cuts (assumed for simplicity reasons) and the monthly energy
                                                           consumption is 26,880 kilowatt-hours (kWh); hourly consumption is 112 kWh.
• Tools to restore power supply (0–1)                      - If multiple electricity suppliers exist, the warehouse is served by the cheapest
• Regulatory monitoring of utilities’ performance          supplier.
  (0–1)                                                    - Tariffs effective in January of the current year are used for calculation of the price of
                                                           electricity for the warehouse. Although January has 31 days, for calculation
• Financial deterrents limiting outages (0–1)              purposes only 30 days are used.
• Transparency and accessibility of tariffs (0–1)
Price of electricity (cents per kilowatt-hour)*

• Price based on monthly bill for commercial
  warehouse in case study

*Note: Doing Business measures the price of
electricity, but it is not included in the ease of doing
business score nor the ranking on the ease of
getting electricity.

                                                                                                                                                         Page 15
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

Getting Electricity - Madagascar

  Standardized Connection

 Price of electricity (US cents per kWh)                                  15.7

 Name of utility                                                          Jiro sy rano malagasy (JIRAMA)

 City Covered                                                             Antananarivo

  Indicator                                              Madagascar           Sub-Saharan           OECD high         Best Regulatory
                                                                              Africa                income            Performance

 Procedures (number)                                     6                   5.2                    4.5               3 (25 Economies)

 Time (days)                                             450                 112.0                  77.2              18 (3 Economies)

 Cost (% of income per capita)                           4866.9              3456.5                 64.2              0.0 (3 Economies)

 Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff        0                   1.6                    7.5               8.0 (27 Economies)
 index (0-8)

 Figure – Getting Electricity in Madagascar and comparator economies – Ranking and Score

                                                       DB 2019 Getting Electricity Score

        0                                                                                             100

                                                                                     86.24: Mauritius (Rank: 34)

                                                                            76.80: Kenya (Rank: 75)

                                                                       71.02: Mozambique (Rank: 100)

                                                             57.72: Comoros (Rank: 139)

                                                     49.00: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)

                               22.48: Madagascar (Rank: 185)

Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of getting electricity is determined by sorting their scores for getting electricity. These scores are
the simple average of the scores for all the component indicators except the price of electricity.

                                                                                                                                                    Page 16
Doing Business 2019            Madagascar

  Figure – Getting Electricity in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

                                                      Time (days)            Cost (% of income per capita)
                   450                                                                                                                4500

                   400                                                                                                                4000

                                                                                                                                               Cost (% of income per capita)
                   350                                                                                                                3500

                   300                                                                                                                3000
 Time (days)

                   250                                                                                                                2500

                   200                                                                                                                2000

                   150                                                                                                                1500

                   100                                                                                                                1000

                   50                                                                                                                 500

                       0                                                                                                              0
                               1             *2                     3                    *4                  5            6
                                                                        Procedures (number)

* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.

Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.

  Figure – Getting Electricity in Madagascar and comparator economies – Measure of Quality

                   8
                   7
                                                                                              6
                   6
     Index score

                   5
                                                                        4                                        4
                   4
                   3
                   2                                                                                                            1.6
                   1
                               0              0
                   0

                           Madagascar       Comoros                 Kenya                 Mauritius          Mozambique   Sub-Saharan Africa

                                                                                                                                                                               Page 17
Doing Business 2019             Madagascar

Details – Getting Electricity in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

No.     Procedures                                                                                       Time to Complete    Associated Costs

1       Submit application to JIRAMA and await estimate                                                  15 calendar days    MGA 0
        Agency : Jiro sy rano malagasy (JIRAMA)
        The application can be submitted by mail, letter, or in person at one of the utility’s
        agencies. The client will need to attach some documents to the application, with the
        client’s personal and professional details, a description of the works and of the electrical
        installation, as well as a notarized Signing Authority (“pouvoir de signature”).

    2   Receive external inspection by JIRAMA                                                            1 calendar day      MGA 0
        Agency : Jiro sy rano malagasy (JIRAMA)
        When the utility has received the application, it inspects the client’s site to determine the
        specifics of the connection and prepare an estimate of the connection fees.

3       Obtain right of way from local authority                                                         50 calendar days    MGA 60,000
        Agency : Local authority (Commune)
        The customer needs to obtain a right of way from the 'Commune' before paying the
        estimate so that the utility can carry out the external works of expanding the overhead
        network.

    4   Buy material for external works from local store                                                 18 calendar days    MGA 0
        Agency : Local store
        The material for a 140-kVA connection is usually not available in the utility’s stock. The
        client can then choose to either buy the material from a local store or ask the utility to
        obtain it. Preference is to buy material on the local market.

5       Obtain testing of material and await completion of external works                                19 calendar days    MGA 55,748,923
        Agency : Jiro sy rano malagasy (JIRAMA)
        Only the utility is in charge of the external works. The client needs to pay the connection
        fees at the utility’s offices for the works to start. In this case an expansion of the network
        (installation of a unit substation) is necessary. JIRAMA tests the client's material before
        carrying out the works to check they are conform to its standards. The material is
        inspected to ensure its conformity to the utility's technical standards before the works
        start.

6       Sign supply contract and await final connection                                                  366 calendar days   MGA 9,801,267.76
        Agency : Jiro sy rano malagasy (JIRAMA)
        The final connection is carried out after the client has signed a supply contract and paid
        an advance on consumption. The installation of the meter is carried out by the utility.

        Madagascar had suffered from some capacity issues over the last few years. New power
        projects completed recently (JIRAMA installed an extra 66MW on Tana interconnected
        network) did however, increase the existing capacity so that more customers can obtain
        supply. Despite the availability of supply, JIRAMA still needs to deal with a back-log of
        applications submitted over the many years when obtaining a connection was not yet
        possible. The utility also accepts new applications and prepares estimates of connection
        costs for those.

        Delays are due to treating old and new applications and the lack of meters.

Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.

                                                                                                                                                Page 18
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

 Details – Getting Electricity in Madagascar – Measure of Quality

                                                                                                                            Answer

 Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8)                                                              0

 Total duration and frequency of outages per customer a year (0-3)                                                         0

    System average interruption duration index (SAIDI)                                                                     ..

    System average interruption frequency index (SAIFI)                                                                    ..

    What is the minimum outage time (in minutes) that the utility considers for the calculation of SAIDI/SAIFI             N/A

 Mechanisms for monitoring outages (0-1)                                                                                   0

    Does the distribution utility use automated tools to monitor outages?                                                  No

 Mechanisms for restoring service (0-1)                                                                                    0

    Does the distribution utility use automated tools to restore service?                                                  No

 Regulatory monitoring (0-1)                                                                                               0

    Does a regulator—that is, an entity separate from the utility—monitor the utility’s performance on reliability of      No
    supply?

 Financial deterrents aimed at limiting outages (0-1)                                                                      0

    Does the utility either pay compensation to customers or face fines by the regulator (or both) if outages              No
    exceed a certain cap?

 Communication of tariffs and tariff changes (0-1)                                                                         1

    Are effective tariffs available online?                                                                                Yes

    Link to the website, if available online                                                                               http://www.ore.mg/

    Are customers notified of a change in tariff ahead of the billing cycle?                                               Yes

Note:

If the duration and frequency of outages is 100 or less, the economy is eligible to score on the Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff
index.

If the duration and frequency of outages is not available, or is over 100, the economy is not eligible to score on the index.

If the minimum outage time considered for SAIDI/SAIFI is over 5 minutes, the economy is not eligible to score on the index.

                                                                                                                                                    Page 19
Doing Business 2019           Madagascar

     Registering Property

This topic examines the steps, time and cost involved in registering property, assuming a standardized case of an entrepreneur who wants to
purchase land and a building that is already registered and free of title dispute. In addition, the topic also measures the quality of the land
administration system in each economy. The quality of land administration index has five dimensions: reliability of infrastructure, transparency
of information, geographic coverage, land dispute resolution, and equal access to property rights. The most recent round of data collection for
the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information.

 What the indicators measure                               Case study assumptions

Procedures to legally transfer title on                  To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
immovable property (number)                              parties to the transaction, the property and the procedures are used.

• Preregistration procedures (for example,               The parties (buyer and seller):
  checking for liens, notarizing sales agreement,
  paying property transfer taxes)                        - Are limited liability companies (or the legal equivalent).
                                                         - Are located in the periurban area of the economy’s largest business city. For 11
• Registration procedures in the economy's largest       economies the data are also collected for the second largest business city.
  business city.
                                                         - Are 100% domestically and privately owned.
• Postregistration procedures (for example, filling      - Have 50 employees each, all of whom are nationals.
  title with municipality)                               - Perform general commercial activities.

Time required to complete each procedure                 The property (fully owned by the seller):
(calendar days)
                                                         - Has a value of 50 times income per capita, which equals the sale price.
• Does not include time spent gathering                  - Is fully owned by the seller.
  information                                            - Has no mortgages attached and has been under the same ownership for the past
• Each procedure starts on a separate day -              10 years.
  though procedures that can be fully completed          - Is registered in the land registry or cadastre, or both, and is free of title disputes.
  online are an exception to this rule                   - Is located in a periurban commercial zone, and no rezoning is required.
                                                         - Consists of land and a building. The land area is 557.4 square meters (6,000
• Procedure is considered completed once final           square feet). A two-story warehouse of 929 square meters (10,000 square feet) is
  document is received
                                                         located on the land. The warehouse is 10 years old, is in good condition, has no
• No prior contact with officials                        heating system and complies with all safety standards, building codes and legal
                                                         requirements. The property, consisting of land and building, will be transferred in its
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of           entirety.
property value)                                          - Will not be subject to renovations or additional construction following the purchase.
• Official costs only (such as administrative fees,      - Has no trees, natural water sources, natural reserves or historical monuments of
  duties and taxes).                                     any kind.
                                                         - Will not be used for special purposes, and no special permits, such as for
• Value Added Tax, Capital Gains Tax and illicit         residential use, industrial plants, waste storage or certain types of agricultural
  payments are excluded                                  activities, are required.
                                                         - Has no occupants, and no other party holds a legal interest in it.
Quality of land administration index (0-30)

• Reliability of infrastructure index (0-8)
• Transparency of information index (0–6)
• Geographic coverage index (0–8)
• Land dispute resolution index (0–8)
• Equal access to property rights index (-2–0)

                                                                                                                                                     Page 20
Doing Business 2019      Madagascar

Registering Property - Madagascar

       Indicator                                             Madagascar            Sub-Saharan            OECD high   Best Regulatory
                                                                                   Africa                 income      Performance

    Procedures (number)                                     6                     6.2                  4.7            1 (4 Economies)

    Time (days)                                             100                   53.9                 20.1           1 (New Zealand)

    Cost (% of property value)                              9.1                   7.6                  4.2            0.0 (Saudi Arabia)

    Quality of the land administration index (0-30)         8.5                   8.8                  23.0           None in 2017/18

  Figure – Registering Property in Madagascar and comparator economies – Ranking and Score

                                                         DB 2019 Registering Property Score

                     0                                                                                    100

                                                                                   78.74: Mauritius (Rank: 35)

                                                                 57.70: Comoros (Rank: 114)

                                                                55.97: Kenya (Rank: 122)

                                                           52.94: Mozambique (Rank: 133)

                                                           52.62: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)

                                                      44.72: Madagascar (Rank: 162)

Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of registering property is determined by sorting their scores for registering property. These
scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.

  Figure – Registering Property in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

                                                      Time (days)            Cost (% of property value)
               100                                                                                                                         6

                                                                                                                                           5

                                                                                                                                               Cost (% of property value)
               80

                                                                                                                                           4
 Time (days)

               60

                                                                                                                                           3

               40
                                                                                                                                           2

               20
                                                                                                                                           1

                0                                                                                                                          0
                         1                *2                       3                       4                     5            6
                                                                       Procedures (number)

* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.

Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.

                                                                                                                                                                            Page 21
Doing Business 2019                        Madagascar

Figure – Registering Property in Madagascar and comparator economies – Measure of Quality

              30

              25
Index score
              20                                                                                          18.0
                                                                                 16.0
              15

              10                8.5                                                                                                                  8.8
                                                         7.0                                                                      7.5

                  5

                  0

                           Madagascar                 Comoros                   Kenya                   Mauritius              Mozambique      Sub-Saharan Africa

Details – Registering Property in Madagascar – Procedure, Time and Cost

  No.                 Procedures                                                                                     Time to Complete       Associated Costs

1                     Request two copies of the certificate of registration and the legal situation                  21 days                MGA 4,000; (MGA
                      of the land at the Land Registry                                                                                      2,000 per copy)
                      Agency : Land Registry (Service des Domaines et de la Conservation Foncière)
                      This certificate is an extract from the property registry books and must be obtained in the
                      past three months maximum. It gives the situation of previous registrations on the
                      Registry books and indicates the identity of the current owner of the land. It also shows
                      any encumbrances on the property. According to Article I of the Decree No. 21
                      020/2012-VPDAT/SG/DGSF of the Deputy Prime Minister in charge of Development
                      and Planning, effective August 2, 2012, the cost of a copy of the certificate is MGA
                      2,000.

              2       Request two topographical extracts with coordinates at the ‘Service de la                      21 days                MGA 10,000; (MGA
                      Topographie’                                                                                                          5,000 per plan)
                      Agency : Topographic service (Service de la Topographie)
                      The coordinates allow the marking of the property and are expressed in ‘x’ and ‘y’. The
                      plan has to be signed by both parties and is annexed to the request for authorization of the
                      real estate transaction. This extract can also be traced by a sworn surveyor to delimit the
                      part of the land to be ceded, in case the operation does not cede the entire property.
                      According to Article 14 of Decree No. 21 021/2012-VPDAT/SG/DGSF of the Deputy
                      Prime Minister in charge of Development and Planning, effective August 2, 2012, the
                      rates are:
                      -1,000 MGA by plan size 720 mmx 1020 mm,
                      - 1,000 MGA by plan size 520 mm X 720 mm,
                      - 1000 MGA by plan size 420 mm X 620 mm
                      -500 MGA per plane for size 320mm X 420 mm
                      -500 MGA per plane for the format 210 X 297 mm

                      Nevertheless, the cost and time noted here are for a simple plan, intended for a transfer
                      whereby the buyer is not planning on making changes or constructions to the property.
                      For more complex uses of the property, a more detailed plan would have to be drawn,
                      costing up to MGA 5000 (which is more aligned with the case study assumptions).

3                     Request authorization to conduct a real estate transaction at the Regional                     11 days                no charge
                      Planning Service (Ambatomena Antananarivo)
                      Agency : Regional Planning Service (Ambatomena Antananarivo)
                      The administrative document requested indicates, by way of a report on the urban plan, if
                      the property is located in specific zones and if it has zoning issues or encumbrances. It is
                      necessary to attach the certificate of the legal situation (less than 3 months old) and the
                      copies of the plan. Only the Director of the Urban Planning Department is authorized to
                      approve the file. Sometimes, if the Director is away, this can cause delays.

                                                                                                                                                                    Page 22
Doing Business 2019            Madagascar

4     Notary drafts and notarizes the sale agreement                                                 3 days    MGA 1,361,063.6;
      Agency : Notary                                                                                          (Notary fees are
      In 2007, Madagascar adopted a new law: "Loi 2007.026 du 12/12/2007 portant statut du                     assessed in
      notariat a Madagascar". This law, published in the Official gazette Nº 3181 on April 14th,               installments for the
      2008, makes it mandatory to use the services of a notary for all property transaction for a
                                                                                                               administration
      value above 15 000 000 MGA.
                                                                                                               account multiplied by
                                                                                                               the coefficient 1 or
      Notary fees are assessed as follows according to the Arrêté n°30 286/2011 of October 17,
      2011 available at http://www.notaires.mg/?p=51:                                                          CA1:
                                                                                                               3% from 0 to
      The rate varies depending on the administration account multiplied by a coefficient which                10,000,000 MGA
      is calculated as follows:                                                                                2.5% from
      1) for the administration account multiplied by the coefficient 1 or CA1:                                10,000,001 MGA to
      - from 0 to 10,000,000 MGA: 3%                                                                           20,000,000 MGA
      - from 10,000,001 MGA to 20,000,000 MGA and up 2.5%                                                      2% from 20,000,001
      - from 20,000,001 MGA to 40,000,000 MGA and up 2%                                                        MGA to 40,000,000
      - above 40 million MGA: 1.5%                                                                             MGA
      2) for the administration account multiplied by the coefficient 2 or CA2:
                                                                                                               1.5% above 40
      - from 0 to 10,000,000 MGA: 5%
                                                                                                               million MGA)
      - from 10,000,001 MGA to 20,000,000 MGA: 4%
      - from 20,000,001 MGA to 40,000,000 MGA: 3.5%
      - above 40 million MGA: 2%

      The cost for notarizing the sale agreement corresponds to the CA1 range calculation.

5     Registration of sale agreement at the Office of Property Registry                              4 days    MGA 3,370,212.01;
      Agency : Tax Authority                                                                                   (5 % property value
      Fiscal procedure for paying the registration fees on the property and the tax on the                     for registration fees)
      appreciation of the property. Fees are determined by the General Tax Code 2013 Article
      2.2.39
      Capital gains tax for companies transferring property is no longer applicable according to
      the Loi des Finances 2007.

6     Request transfer to be recorded in the books at the Land Registry                              60 days   MGA 1,363,084.8;
      Agency : Land Registry (Service des Domaines et de la Conservation Foncière)                             (2% property value
      The property right is not transferred until it has been transcribed on the books at the Land             (transfer tax) + MGA
      Registry. When the notary or the buyer file for registration at the Land Registry, the                   15,000 (fixed fee))
      "Duplicata" must be attached to the sale and purchase agreement duly notarized. Once the
      transcription is done, the Registrar will give the "Duplicata" to the new buyer with his
      name written as the new owner of the property. According to Article I of the Decree No.
      21 020/2012-VPDAT/SG/DGSF of the Deputy Prime Minister in charge of Development
      and Planning, effective August 2, 2012, the cost is 2% + fixed fee of 15,000 MGA.

Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.

                                                                                                                                        Page 23
Doing Business 2019          Madagascar

Details – Registering Property in Madagascar – Measure of Quality

                                                                                                    Answer              Score

Reliability of infrastructure index (0-8)                                                                               1.0

  What is the institution in charge of immovable property registration?                             Service des
                                                                                                    Domaines et de
                                                                                                    la Conservation
                                                                                                    Foncière

  In what format are the majority of title or deed records kept in the largest business city—in a   Paper               0.0
  paper format or in a computerized format (scanned or fully digital)?

  Is there an electronic database for checking for encumbrances (liens, mortgages, restrictions     No                  0.0
  and the like)?

  Institution in charge of the plans showing legal boundaries in the largest business city:         Service de
                                                                                                    Circonscription
                                                                                                    Topographique

  In what format are the majority of maps of land plots kept in the largest business city—in a      Paper               0.0
  paper format or in a computerized format (scanned or fully digital)?

  Is there an electronic database for recording boundaries, checking plans and providing            No                  0.0
  cadastral information (geographic information system)?

  Is the information recorded by the immovable property registration agency and the cadastral       Separate            0.0
  or mapping agency kept in a single database, in different but linked databases or in separate     databases
  databases?

  Do the immovable property registration agency and cadastral or mapping agency use the             Yes                 1.0
  same identification number for properties?

Transparency of information index (0–6)                                                                                 4.5

  Who is able to obtain information on land ownership at the agency in charge of immovable          Anyone who          1.0
  property registration in the largest business city?                                               pays the official
                                                                                                    fee

  Is the list of documents that are required to complete any type of property transaction made      Yes, on public      0.5
  publicly available–and if so, how?                                                                boards

  Link for online access:

  Is the applicable fee schedule for any property transaction at the agency in charge of            Yes, on public      0.5
  immovable property registration in the largest business city made publicly available–and if       boards
  so, how?

  Link for online access:

  Does the agency in charge of immovable property registration commit to delivering a legally       Yes, on public      0.5
  binding document that proves property ownership within a specific time frame–and if so, how       boards
  does it communicate the service standard?

  Link for online access:

  Is there a specific and separate mechanism for filing complaints about a problem that             No                  0.0
  occurred at the agency in charge of immovable property registration?

  Contact information:

  Are there publicly available official statistics tracking the number of transactions at the       Yes                 0.5
  immovable property registration agency?

  Number of property transfers in the largest business city in 2017:

  Who is able to consult maps of land plots in the largest business city?                           Anyone who          0.5
                                                                                                    pays the official
                                                                                                    fee

  Is the applicable fee schedule for accessing maps of land plots made publicly available—          Yes, on public      0.5
  and if so, how?                                                                                   boards

  Link for online access:

  Does the cadastral or mapping agency commit to delivering an updated map within a                 Yes, on public      0.5
  specific time frame—and if so, how does it communicate the service standard?                      boards
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