Fore-Edge Painting... 4 - The Disappearing Art of Vanishing - Epoch Cloud
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WEEk 14, 2019 • 1
all photos by Foredgefrost
The Disappearing Art of Vanishing
Fore-Edge Painting... 4
2B2| ARTS & TRADITION TUESDAY, Week
APRIL14,
2, 2019 Week 14, 2019 ARTS & TRADITION |3
all
ALL PHOTOS
Essence
photos by
of
What Our
China
BY Ahron
AHRON R. Foster
Readers Say: Qingming Festival:
FOSTER
Tomb-Sweeping Day in Honor of Ancestors
It’s the only sane newspaper It's bringing morality
amidst all this insanity. back to newspapers. ‘Be pure and bright,’ the loyal official advised the king
STAN K., PASTOR LISSA T., BUSINESS OWNER
Thiti Tan/shutterstock
Duoyu Zhong & Tanya Harrison who had betrayed him but now supported
M
him. However, he forgot Jie.
any Chinese will be visiting When Chong Er finally remembered Jie
It's the only paper that You're presenting the the tombs of their ances- and his sacrifice, he was filled with regret.
I know of right now that facts and letting the tors on April 5 to pay their
respects, as the Qingming
He sent a messenger to find Jie and invite
him to the palace. But Jie had already moved
actually gives you the honest, reader decide. Festival, also called Pure Bright Day or with his mother deep into the forests of
old fashioned journalism. TERRI B., BUSINESS OWNER Tomb-Sweeping Day, falls on that day
this year.
Mount Jin (in the northeast of China). The
king personally went to the mountain to
DRUE L., BUSINESS OWNER
Qingming is an important traditional look for Jie but failed to find him.
Chinese festival celebrated on the 15th day When a minister suggested that they set
after the spring equinox. It’s not only a day fires on three sides of the mountain to force
for honoring one’s ancestors but also a time Jie to come out, Chong Er agreed. The fires
Everything I read in it is fair and balanced, to celebrate spring. raged for three days, but there was still no
compared to other newspapers. The origin of the Qingming Festival can trace of Jie and his mother.
JUNE V., RETIRED BANKER be traced back to a legend recorded in “Zuo Jie was later found dead, leaning against
Zhuan,” one of the earliest Chinese works of a large willow tree. In a hole on the side of
narrative history, which covers most of the the half-burned tree, there was a note writ-
$1
Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 B.C.). ten with blood on a piece of cloth. It read:
A Solemn, Stirring Story Cutting off my own flesh to respectfully
As the legend goes, Chong Er (697–628 B.C.), present to my monarch, offering loyalty
once the crown prince of the state of Jin, with all of my heart,
was driven out of the state by Liji, who was Only wishing Your Majesty will always when you think of me.
then his father’s favorite concubine. During be pure and bright. Celebrating the Qingming Your minister in the underworld died
his 19-year exile, Chong Er lived in extreme Dead under a willow tree and seen no Festival at Longshan with a clear conscience,
poverty, with only a few faithful men to more, Be diligent in governing the country so that
FIRST MONTH! serve him. One of them was Jie Zitui. Better than accompanying my monarch
Temple in Taipei City, Tai-
wan, on April 4, 2018. purity and brightness will be renewed.
(Top) Anne (Isabelle Huppert)
and her husband, Peter One day, close to death from starvation, as a remonstrating minister.
(Chris Noth), have grown Chong Er lost consciousness. To save his Your Majesty, if you have me in your heart, Tears rolled down Chong Er’s cheeks. He
apart over the years. life, Jie cut a piece of flesh from his own Frequently reflect on your shortcomings was so sad that he cried aloud. He tucked
(Above) Anne and her thigh and prepared a bowl of soup for his Jie’s note in a sleeve pocket and vowed to
SL Chen/shutterstock
beloved son (Justice Smith). master. be a pure and bright king for his people.
(Right) Anne and her son’s Chong Er was deeply moved and prom-
girlfriend (Odessa Young). ised to repay Jie in the future. Jie insisted King With a Righteous Heart
he wanted no reward; his only wish was Jie was buried under the willow tree, and
for Chong Er to become a king who had a in his memory, Chong Er ordered that no
Subscribe @ pure and bright heart while governing the fire or smoke be allowed on that day. That
state of Jin, keeping it peaceful and orderly. day was called Hanshi Day (Cold Food Day)
ReadEpoch.com After Chong Er ascended the throne, he
summoned the people who had stayed loyal The burning of
because without fire, the people had to eat
cold meals.
to him and generously rewarded them. As offerings during the
Theater
THEATER Review
REVIEW the new king, he even rewarded the people Qingming Festival. Continued on Page 12
TRUTH AND TRADITION
When
WHEN the
THE
Mind
MIND Fails
FAILS
35 COUNTRIES • 23 LANGUAGES
Judd
JUDD Hollander
HOLLANDER subject. As such, any opportunity to connect to the
N
characters is lost. We are reduced to passive ob-
EW YORK—The turmoil of a confused, servers, with little chance to become emotionally
failing mind is examined in French invested in what those on stage are experiencing.
playwright Florian Zeller’s “The It doesn’t help that there is little character devel-
Mother.” Translated by Christopher opment in the play. The intention of the playwright
Hampton and having its U.S. premiere may have been to keep the audience guessing as to
at the Atlantic Theater Company, the work is an at- what is real and what is not, but it would have been
tempt to view one woman’s disintegrating psyche
from the inside.
far better if some sort of backstory were included for
these people. Everything that is offered is colored by
TRUTH and TRADITION
Anne (Isabelle Huppert) is a middle-aged woman Anne’s own personal filters, no matter how dam-
in an unhappy marriage. Once completely devoted aged they might be.
to her two children, she has precious little to do Huppert is excellent as a woman whose life is fall-
A NEWSPAPER
now that they have grown up and moved away. She ing apart. Her descent was perhaps, at one point,
prefers to stay inside and brood about what she has of her own making, but she has long since lost any
lost rather than trying to get on with her life. control over it.
It doesn’t help that she and her husband, Peter Noth, basically relegated to a reactive character,
(Chris Noth), have grown apart over the years, comes off wonderfully in the early portion of the
though exactly which of them is to blame for this play as a befuddled husband, with a perfect, slow
is impossible to say. burn, as he tries to make sense of his wife’s actions.
GEORGE WASHINGTON
On this day, Peter is preparing to leave for a four-day Smith is fine as the son, although some insight as
work-related seminar. Anne, however, is convinced to the exact nature of Anne’s relationship with her
that Peter is planning to dump her for a much younger son would have made the play much more effective.
woman. This accusation he vehemently denies. We can assume it included overprotection on her
Anne equates Peter’s pending departure with the part to the point of obsession.
fact that both her children have left her. She’s es- Young, the only actor who plays multiple roles in
pecially hurt by the departure of their son Michael the show (such as the husband’s girlfriend, a nurse),
WOULD READ
(Justice Smith), and the fact that he’s now living with is quite good. Her turn as Michael’s girlfriend is
his girlfriend (Odessa Young). Anne is so jealous of particularly striking. She’s initially a loving and
this new woman in her son’s life that she refuses to caring person who turns into someone quite callous
say her name aloud correctly. and cruel, all depending on how Anne happens to
It’s not long before it becomes obvious that some- see her at any specific moment.
thing is amiss. Anne’s actions and comments change Trip Cullman’s direction is fine as far as it goes, but
from ones that initially seem funny, snide, or de- it can’t overcome the weaknesses in the script. Mark
liberately obtuse (such as her continually asking Wendland’s set is nicely antiseptic, and Ben Stan-
Peter how his day has been), to something bitter, ton’s harsh lighting works quite well. Yet their efforts
mean-spirited, and at times, overtly sexual.
This effect is accomplished by the replay of cer-
only serve to further defuse the story rather than
allow it to coalesce into anything more substantial. The very fabric of America is under attack—
tain scenes and dialogue, with the different char-
acters altering their delivery accordingly. Anne
It’s interesting to note that the play script subtitles
the show as “a black farce.” This distinction, though, our freedoms, our republic, and our constitutional rights have
changes the most during these moments, with a
clear indication that she is suffering from some form
is not mentioned in the actual theater program or
the press materials.
become contested terrain. The Epoch Times, a media committed
of mental disorder.
“The Mother,” the second in a trilogy of plays by
While “The Mother” touches on a subject the play-
wright obviously cares deeply about, the work re-
to truthful and responsible journalism, is a rare bastion of hope and
Zeller about family, offers some tantalizing possibili-
ties, with an early sequence being especially funny.
fuses to let the audience get any closer than arm’s
length and reduces a potentially powerful message
stability in these testing times.
Noth and Huppert have excellent back-and-forth to little more than an afterthought.
banter here, even though it soon becomes obvious
that what we are seeing is anything but comedic. Judd Hollander is a reviewer for Stagebuzz.
While running through the entire work is the com and a member of the Drama Desk and the
importance of Anne’s dignity—even as she quickly Outer Critics Circle.
ARTS& CULTURE
becomes unlikable for her actions—we soon real-
ize that we are seeing pretty much the entire play
‘The Mother’
SUBSCRIBE TODAY
ReadEpoch.com
through the prism of her mind. She reacts to situa-
tions as she perceives them, not necessarily as they
Linda Gross Theater Running Time
actually are.
To advertise, Call 212-239-2808 This premise is a major misstep by the show’s cre-
336 W. 20th St. 1 hour, 30 minutes
New York (no intermission)
or email: advertise@epochtimes.nyc ative team. We are left to determine what, if any-
thing, presented has some basis in fact. Without a Closes Tickets
clear fixed point to serve as a reference or anchor, April 13 866-811-4111 or
it’s impossible to figure out who to believe on any AtlanticTheater.org
4 | ARTS & TRADITION Week 14, 2019 Week 14, 2019 ARTS & TRADITION |5
all photos by Foredgefrost
Split-double fore-edge paintings on an 1863 edition of “The Works of William Shakespeare.”
Craftsmanship
The Disappearing Art of Vanishing
Martin Frost’s fore-edge
painting of London’s river
Thames flows along the
edges of a circa-1880 edition
of “The Book of the Thames.”
An interview with fore-edge painter Martin Frost
work; it’s fun, basically. some very nice work and some very nice bindings
Lorraine Ferrier For example, I do a lot of copies of Leonardo as well. They were primarily a bookbindery, but
da Vinci’s “Last Supper,” basically on Bibles and they were always interested in trying other things
“Wow! I didn’t see that coming.” For over 40 Vanishing prayer books, but each one is slightly different. as well. They were quite the trailblazers, and I like working
years, these have been the words that fore-edge
painter Martin Frost has heard the most when
fore-edge That’s the joy of hand-created work. You can put a
bit of yourself into it, and you don’t get that when
their work is very collectible now. They produced
picturesque vanishing paintings on the edges of
in leather and
people have seen his work for the first time, and painting is a you’re producing work for the print trade—where books; they were views of houses, seascapes, and gold, using
it’s a delight he never tires of hearing. form of book you produce an image and then it’s just repeated townscapes—the sort of paintings that were being the old artisan
Frost continues the critically endangered UK by the thousand. There’s a lot less zest, as such, hung on walls at the time.
heritage craft of fore-edge painting, in particular art for book with that. The story of fore-edge painting is the story of a techniques, the
vanishing fore-edge painting, a craft whereby decoration sort of wave formation: It comes in, it’s popular, old crafts of
images are painted on the fanned page edges The Epoch Times: How did you come to be a fore- then it sort of drifts away, and then it is rediscov-
of a book and are therefore hidden under the unlike edge painter? ered a generation or so later. That’s what hap- bookbinding,
gilded tips of a page, or less commonly, under the any other. Mr. Frost: Well, I’ve always been a painter and pened in my time, really. Back in the 1980s, it was so I’m working
marbled tips of a page. artist. My father was a professional painter. He riding high. It was very popular.
In the 2019 New Year Honors list, Frost was Martin Frost, artist was a member of The Pastel Society, so as I grew It’s not as popular now. We don’t sell as many; within a
honored for his services in preserving the disap- up, there was always painting going on, there was we don’t produce as many because it’s a fashion tradition.
pearing art of fore-edge painting and awarded always drawing going on, and so there was no thing, really.
a Member of the Order of the British Empire, a fear of art. It’s what we did. I started fore-edge painting around 1970 and Martin Frost, artist
national honor. I didn’t really want to do painting; I wanted to have produced around 3,500 so far.
Below, Frost shares his thoughts about the do something a bit different, so actually my train-
dying tradition of fore-edge painting and reveals ing was in theater. I produced set designs, stage The Epoch Times: Can you tell us about the actual
how the hidden images can be seen. designs, costumes, props, and backdrops. process of the fore-edge painting?
It was when I was working at Glyndebourne, Mr. Frost: The technique I use is to fan out the
The Epoch Times: Please tell us about your work. the local opera house, that I met up with Don book, and then I put it into a press, and a clamp
Martin Frost: Vanishing fore-edge painting is Noble, a colleague who was also doing stage work. holds the book into position for me to do the
a form of book art for book decoration unlike any Noble had been doing fore-edge painting for painting.
decades, and he showed me what he The books don’t always fan easily; sometimes if
did. And I thought, “I could do that; the paper is very stiff, they don’t fan very well. If
that’s pretty straightforward. I’ll have the paper is too thin, they over-fan, so there are
a go at that.” optimum types of books to work on.
And I did. I tried my hand, and The painting is a little strange, actually. I use
offered them to one of the local book- English watercolors because I’m a bit of a tradi-
shops, and they said, “That’s not bad; tionalist. However, painting with English wa-
we’ll buy that.” tercolors is usually a very wet process. First you My preference is to always create a new binding This is handcraft work, which is a skill, and I’ve
Admittedly, it took me a few years put water down on the paper, then you add color rather than use the old production binding. I like been doing it for over 40 years now, and it’s taken
to actually move away from my work afterward, and you get a lovely blur and blend. working in leather and gold, using the old artisan me that time to get up to where I am now. It’s not
in the theater, and I then moved into But you don’t do that with fore-edge painting techniques, the old crafts of bookbinding, so I’m something that you just look at on YouTube and
newspaper design, typography, and because if you add a lot of water onto the fan edge working within a tradition. say, “Oh yeah, that’s how you do that.” It’s some-
print, but all the time, I was still of the book, the pages will ripple and you end up You can produce some very interesting modern thing that you have to plod away at, and we’ve got
painting on the edges of books. with a very wobbly-looking book. work. I tend not to do that: I’m a bit of a tradition- to the stage now where people are appreciating
Back in the 1980s, there was a So it’s a dry brush technique that I use, which alist here. Some of the techniques that I use for that.
revival of fore-edge painting, so there is very unusual for English watercolors, but I find putting a book back together again are the same In fact, I like to think that craft in the arts is
was enough work for me to actually it’s the technique that works for me. methods bookbinders have used for the last enjoying a bit of a revival. People are saying: “Yes,
call myself a full-time professional 400 years. we can get our iPhones. They’re produced by the
fore-edge painter, and it’s been like The Epoch Times: Do you only paint on antique hundreds of thousands. They’re amazing things,
that books? The Epoch Times: Where did you learn the skills but they’re not really human.”
ever since. Mr. Frost: No one had thought about combining of bookbinding and gilding? Now a book, a book by its very nature is a very
modern binding with fore-edge painting until Mr. Frost: You learn it on the job; there are no ap- tactile thing. It’s a very enjoyable thing. You can
The Epoch Times: Can you give us an I really got involved. I could see that the market prentices these days. The old bookbinding guilds pick it up, you can put it down, you can rifle
other. I decorate books in a way that is invisible Martin Frost’s painting of overview of the history of fore-edge painting? was changing. The market for the old books was have just about vanished, so I’ve had to learn the through it, you can feel it, and you can even smell
unless you know how to open the book properly Leonardo da Vinci’s “The Mr. Frost: The earliest examples of fore-edge beginning to wither, and I thought the technique skills myself. But I’ve got a lot of friends who are it if it’s a leather-bound book. It’s quite distinc-
to show the image. It’s sort of very English; we Last Supper” is a popu- painting that we know of—now, that doesn’t mean of vanishing fore-edge painting could be applied bookbinders, who have been doing it for a long tive, and then if you can find a special secret
English, we’re great ones for doing things a bit lar choice for the edges of that they are the earliest, but the ones that we to modern books just as easily as old books, so time, so I pick their brains mercilessly. surprise on it that has been handcrafted just for
strange. We like the odd, we like the quirky, we Bibles and prayer books. have evidence of—go back to about 1650 in Lon- long as you could involve the binder, who needs to The handcraft bookbinders, they’re all basically that book, it becomes something really special. (Above)
like the unusual, and vanishing fore-edge paint- don. They tended to be of armorial crests, coats remake the book and apply gold on the edges be- like me: They’re all people who love what they And that, to my mind, is what craft is all about. Vanishing fore-edge paintings are on all the edges of this family Bible; the images are
ing is certainly that. of arms, lettering, and emblems. They weren’t cause modern books do not have gilded edges. It are doing and are invariably happy to pass on the These are one-offs. What you’ll get with a fore- revealed when the book is twisted, as in this photo.
I’m a painter; I don’t call myself an artist be- picturesque, but they did vanish under the then became a necessity to find out how to rebind information to others who show an interest. edge painting is something absolutely unique in (Above Left)
cause an artist will create new images. I do a lot edge gilding. and gild modern books in order to hide the paint- I’m a one-stop craftsman now. I can take it from your hands, and there will never be another one Two chariots race each other in a scene from ancient Rome on the edge of “Cassell’s Illus-
of images that I’ve acquired from elsewhere, so About a hundred years later, in the late 18th ing. So fore-edge painting onto modern books is the printed pages straight up to the finished job, quite like it. trated Universal History,” 1887 edition.
there’s a fair amount of copywork going on. But century, Edwards of Halifax, in Yorkshire, resur- a lot more work than going out and buying an old and I am on my own like that. I am the only one
I’m a painter, and I paint images, and I’m happiest rected it. The Edwards family really commercial- leather book with the gold edges already on it and doing fore-edge painting, book gilding, gilding This interview has been edited for clarity
when I’ve got a paintbrush in my hand. It’s not ized vanishing fore-edge painting, and they did painting that. the pages, and binding as well. and brevity.
6 | ARTS & TRADITION Week 14, 2019 Week 14, 2019 ARTS & TRADITION |7
Public Domain
Public Domain
“Reading Woman” (por-
trait of artist’s wife), after
1866, by Ivan Kramskoy.
Literature
Great
Books
I Wouldn’t
Want to
Be In
(And Some
I Would!)
Susannah Pearce
I
f there’s something book lovers like almost as much as
reading books, it’s talking about books. About the plot
details. About the characters. About the meaning. We
feel for and with the characters. We immerse ourselves
in the details. We virtually put ourselves into the stories.
Just for fun, I thought I would imagine what it would be like
to be a character in the works of a selection by well-known
authors. I imagined myself being an inhabitant in the world
and story the author created, not always the protagonist, and
not necessarily as myself. It turns out, I would not like to
be in many of them as much as I enjoyed reading them.
What follows is my rating of each. The authors are listed
chronologically by the dates of their birth.
Continued on Page 12
Public Domain
Geoffrey Chaucer Charlotte, Emily, and handful of sharp American wit fill his pages.
(circa 1343–1400, English) Anne Brontë Oscar Wilde
Count me in! (1816–1855, 1818–848, 1820– (1854–1900, English)
Basically, in “The Canterbury Tales,” I get 1849, English) I would earnestly enjoy being in some
to go on a long pilgrimage on foot, to the
I would always rather be happy than of his works.
shrine of Thomas à Becket, with a passel of
be in their books. Delightfully convoluted first-world prob-
mix-and-match mates, telling and listen-
These gals can write! But they can write lems, those lovely late Victorian fashions,
ing to entertaining tales along the way. Ac-
me out of their novels. Gothic romance and happy endings! Sounds like an ideal
commodation in inns is assured, and the
and melodrama is not for everyone. The marriage to me! But please, I’d rather not
whole thing is entirely voluntary. What’s
damp English weather may not have be in “The Picture of Dorian Gray.”
not to like?
been conducive to good health and cheer-
William Shakespeare fulness for these young ladies, but it did Kenneth Graham
(1564–1616, English) wonders for their creative imagination. As (1859–1932, English)
a potential character in their books, I opt Believe me, there would be nothing half
To be, or not to be in his works? for less of the moors.
I’ll go with his comedies, but pass on his so much worth doing as messing about in
tragedies. Who would wholly opt out of Fyodor Dostoyevsky this book!
Although “Wind in the Willows” is a talk-
the chance to speak the brilliant dialogue and Leo Tolstoy (1821–1881, ing-animal book, it ought to be in every
penned by The Bard, maneuvering in and
out of hilarious plans within plans? The
1828–1910, Russian) well-read adult’s library. Friendship is the
beauty of it is, anyone with a penchant Nyet. main thing here. There is plenty of lolling
for the stage can be in them! Shakespeare For space considerations, I’m lumping to- about in boats, picnicking, and visiting
wrote plays! gether these two Russian literary genius- neighbors. The main turmoil comes from
es. Remembering the names and nicknames Mr. Toad’s wild streak, which necessitates
Jane Austen of hundreds of people and the faces they go continual rescue by his faithful friends. Gra-
(1775–1817, English) with is not my forte. And I like to be hap- ham’s idyllic English countryside is one I
py. While I might learn great moral lessons, if would inhabit with enthusiasm!
My good opinion of the prospect has
I had to be in one of their books, I just might
been easily gained.
throw myself in front of a train. Jack London
On the liability side, I would almost cer-
(1876–1916, American)
tainly be a poor young woman with little Jules Verne I don’t hear the call of his books.
prospect of a good marriage. But on the asset
side, by Austen’s reckoning, “poor” means (1828–1905, French) I admit, the foremost reason I do not wish After the Trojan War, it took Odysseus 10 years to get home. Each of the adventures on his journey required that he master an aspect of his own character. A detail from “Odysseus und Polyphemus,” 1896, Arnold Böcklin.
that I can afford only one servant. Balls and I’m sure to go far in his books. to be in London’s books stems from my
walks in the English countryside are guar- Adventure on the cutting edge of future Ste- aversion to being cold. I could not bear to
Rudyard Kipling Kipling offered
anteed. Best of all, my witty personality will ampunk technology with plenty of financial be cast in a scene in which the temperature
loads of
(1865–1936, English) adventures. Poster
result in my becoming the wife of a man in resources—and a servant—actually appeals is 50 degrees below zero. And you just can’t
possession of a good fortune (and handsome, to me. It would be like a science field trip to trust this author to let your hands work well
I have the courage for this. for “The Jungle enough to strike a match to start a fire. I’m
in the bargain). plunge the depths in Captain Nemo’s Nauti-
I’d have to be raised by wolves to not want to Book,” circa 1900.
lus, or explore the depths of the Earth. Or a not going there.
be in his books. Oh, wait. I’d probably enjoy The New York Charles Dickens
Public Library, The speed vacation, circumnavigating the globe Odysseus and the Enneagram James Sale the Sea God, Poseidon, to avenge his blind-
it even more if I were raised by wolves, like
Miriam and Ira D. (1812–1870, English) in 80 days. I’d go a long way for inclusion in P.G. Wodehouse ness, and Poseidon hears his son. Thus, it is
Mowgli in “The Jungle Book”! Excitement,
rites of passage, and becoming a grown-up Wallach Division Low expectations for this one. Verne’s novels. Perhaps even 20,000 leagues. (1881–1975, English) In this multipart series, “Finding the True that the very depths of the sea, symbolizing
Finding the True Self
of Art, Prints and Self,” we will discuss nine types of personali- our raging emotions and deep subconscious,
What ho! I’ll go!
are the advantages Kipling’s characters en-
Photographs,
What I don’t understand is where the Mark Twain I would generally get to hobnob with the
ties and their flaws, and show how Odysseus, are pitted against Odysseus. He must contend
joy in his jungle and sea adventures. expression “A Dickens Christmas” came
American Book from. Haven’t those who use the (1835–1910, American) upper classes of the unrealistically idyllic
through his adventures, overcame them to with them if he is ever to get home and be-
Posters. find his way back home. come himself; for home is where we are our
phrase read any of his masterful books? A Any friend of Twain’s is a friend of mine. 1930s England. His characters are endear-
Odysseus’s
selves. Only at home can we relax.
true Dickens Christmas is sure to be popu- Not unlike the celebrated frog of Calaveras ing, and the hilarious predicaments he cre-
The “Odyssey” is the most famous homecom-
lated with selfish, gruesome, underhanded, County, I’d jump at the chance to be in any ates are thoroughly G-Rated. Yet, his stories
ing story in Western literature and mythol- What Is the Enneagram?
and unlikable figures if it were anything of Mark Twain’s books. (Though, I’d bet- are peppered with references enjoyed by
ogy. It is justly famous because it is a work What is surprising, perhaps, is the discovery
like his books. I would definitely not like ter be sure no one filled me with a handful the well-read and highly educated. I would
that one can truly say is divinely inspired: that the “Odyssey” is not just a story but also
to enter a world like that. of shot first.) Fun, adventure, and more than a let Wodehouse write me into anything!
In its opening few lines, Homer invokes the a heuristic, personality tool! The Enneagram
Muse, whom he calls the “daughter of Zeus,” (from the Greek, meaning nine points) is,
Journey
the king of the gods, as the inspiration for the among other things, a personality-typing
Public Domain
poem. device or symbol.
Homer There is so much in the “Odyssey” to It came to recent prominence in California
(circa 750–650 B.C., Greek)
Literature
provoke the imagination and to touch the in the 1950s. There is some dispute among ex-
Part 1
heart. For example, this isn’t just a story perts as to the exact origins of the Enneagram,
Just kill me first.
allows us to There are many unpleasant ways to die
in “The Iliad” or “The Odyssey.” I would con-
about a man finding his way home to his
wife and son, but the journey of mankind
but according to Judith Searle in her book
“The Literary Enneagram,” the Enneagram
gain a breadth sider myself lucky if I were killed off in the
Trojan War in “The Iliad” rather than head
in search of our own souls. In other words,
this is not just some physical adventure, but
was known as early as 2500 B.C. in Babylon
or the Middle East, and that its symbol was
of experience home victorious, say no to drugs, resist the
a deeply psychic, symbolic, and spiritual familiar to the Greek mathematician and phi-
that our own
temptation of the siren song, avoid becom-
ing a Cyclops snack, skirt a whirlpool while
An ancient personality tool, the enneagram one too.
Indeed, it is quite early on in the tale when
losopher Pythagoras (circa 582–507 B.C.).
Polyphemus, the Cyclops, calls on his father, Continued on Page 12
at the same time not being swallowed by the
circumstances six-headed Scylla, to ultimately be drowned
in a sea storm as punishment for eating a
would not steak. Call me weak.
permit. Odysseus and the sirens, 2nd century A.D.,
mosaic at the Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tuni-
sia.
8 | ARTS & TRADITION Week 14, 2019 B8 Week 14, 2019 ARTS & TRADITION
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2019 |9
ALL PHOTOS BY CINESTATE/LIONSGATE all photos by Matthew Murphy
Film Insights Mark Jackson grew up in Spring Val-
ley, N.Y., where he attended a Waldorf
ESSENCE
OF
CHINA
With Mark
school. At Williams College, his pro-
fessors all suggested he write pro-
fessionally. He acted professionally ANCIENT CHINESE STORIES
Jackson
for 20 years instead. Now he
Chinese New Year’s ‘Human Day’
writes professionally about
acting. In the movies.
Celebrates ‘Birthday’ of Humankind
‘Dragged
SM YANG/THE EPOCH TIMES
CINDY CHAN tains, his eyes formed the sun and moon,
his hair turned into plants and trees, and
B
irthdays are special occasions that his blood became the oceans.
Tevye (Steven Skybell) and his milkcart, in the Yiddish production of A highlight of the show is the bottle dance. (L–R) Raquel Nobile, Rosie Jo Neddy, Rachel Zatcoff, Stephanie Lynne
Across
hold
“Fiddler on the Roof” directed by Joel a great deal of meaning for many
Grey. Mason, and Samantha Hahn play Tevye and Golde’s five daughters.
people. Often a time of celebration, Creation of Human Beings
a birthday also offers a chance for renewal Then Nu Wa appeared, and it is believed that
Theater Review and reinvigoration as we aspire to greater she first made six animals and then created
things and look forward to a bright year human beings.
Concrete’ Tradition, on 42nd Street
ahead. It also represents an opportunity to From the first to the sixth day of the Chi-
reflect and have our gratitude grow for the nese New Year, she created the chicken, dog,
joys and blessings in our lives. boar, sheep, cow, and horse.
For the ancient Chinese people, this an- Then on Day 7, Nu Wa sat by the edge of
nual occasion occurred not only on the an- a pond and, looking at her own reflection,
niversary of their birth but also on another began to mix clay with water to create small
special day known as “renri,” which falls on figures in her own image, both males and
Hyperviolent Pie in the Face Diana Barth
the seventh day of the Chinese New Year.
Literally “Human Day,” renri is the day Tevye will break his agreement with the wealthy She
females.
friend,
blewmatchmaker
her breath upon Yentethe(the inimitable
figures be- Jackie
N
of Political Correctness
on which it is said that the goddess Nu Wa butcher Leyzer-Volf (Bruce Sabath) to marry Tsaytl. foreHoffman). placing them on the ground, thus giving
EW YORK—It createdwashuman
a decision of genius
beings. for Thethe
Also called Na-Day Although the break is accomplished, hard feelings themSkybell souls, and is notwastempted
delighted to play
when forthey
laughs, or to
tional Yiddish Theatre Folksbiene
of Humankind, to transfer
renri is regarded this
in ancient remain. introduce
became alive. shtick. His is a performance that con-
ZHICHING CHEN/THE EPOCH TIMES
production of “Fiddler
Chinese on theasRoof”
tradition from its original
the common “birthday” Tevye (Steven Skybell) Hodl (Stephanie Lynne Mason) convinces Tevye Every veys authenticity,
day, Nu Wa virility,made more and truehuman caring for his
site at downtown’s Battery City to its present run on
of all humans. and his wife, Golde (Jen- that she will be happy living in Siberia with her beings character’s plights. them. She imparted
and cherished
Mark Jackson to soon talk to a rape counselor. Brett wants Manhattan’s Theatre Row—Stage 42, in the heart of TheBabiak),
nifer goddessinNutheWa
won- beloved Perchik (Drew Seigla). Tevye blesses her wisdom When the characters sing “Lekhayim!”
to them and created musical instru-(“To Life!”),
to move out of the seedy city of “Bulwark” New York’s theatrical melting pot.
created
derful human
Yiddish beings.
production departure with a heavy heart. theysotruly
ments that mean it. Other
they could make songs
music (music
and by Jerry
Police skill-sets of tracking, outmaneuver- in the worst way, and now he’s suspended And in Yiddish? You bet. Because now you’re ex- ofShe also imparted
“Fiddler wis-
on the Roof.” But tradition can only be pushed so far. As for express Bock, lyrics by Sheldon
themselves throughHarnick,
dance and withsong.the book by
dom to them and paved
ing, outshooting, apprehending, kidnapping,
interrogating, and coercing bad guys contain
without pay.
One can imagine his thought process: Here
The Day of
periencing this brilliant, beloved musical in the lan-
guage the stories of Sholem Aleichem (upon which
the way for them to
Khave (Rosie Jo Neddy), her love for the non-Jew This
Fyedka (Cameron Johnson) is unforgivable. Tevye develop,
Joseph
paved
strongly,
Stein)
theareway also
such aspeople
whereby
foralready
“Do You
humanfamiliar
Love
were
cultureand
Me?”
able
to resonate
(a touching duet
to prop-
develop human culture.
the temptation (during times of financial
scarcity) to loot looters. The line between
I am, risking my life to save the populace from
drug dealers. I do my job with one hand tied
Humankind, ‘renri’
the musical is based) were meant to be heard in.
Furthermore, handily placed English supertitles on
pronounces her dead to him, although he himself erlybetween
is pained by his decision. “Far From
Tevye and Golde),
govern themselves “Sunrise,
and continue
the Home I Love.”
Sunset,” and
to im-
prove their lives.
law enforcement and criminals is often thin. behind my back, and now I get suspended?
(Top) Vince Vaughn (L) and Mel Gibson play suspended cops in “Dragged Across Concrete.” is regarded in ancient
either side of the stage are barely needed, so clear Tsaytl and Motl’s traditional wedding scene, To ensure Musicalthat staging
humans andlived
newon choreography
after the have
Officer Brett Ridgeman (Mel Gibson) and Are you kidding me? Well alrighty then. I’m is the playing. interspersed with the famous bottle dance elderly been added
died fromtooldJerome
age, NuRobbins’s original by Stas
Wa established
his new partner, Anthony Lurasetti (Vince going to get a little payback. (Bottom) Tory Kittles as a newly released ex-convict, in “Dragged Across Concrete.” Chinese tradition as
Under the direction of that consummate perform- (men dancing while balancing bottles on theKmiec. systemThe minimalistsoset
of marriage by Beowulf
that men andBoritt and
Vaughn), constantly have to deal with the “Payback” is the name of one of the grittiest, er Joel Grey, the story of Anatevka, the fictitious their heads) with original choreography by women Ann could
Hould-Ward’s deliberately
live together and start shabby
fami- costumes
cop equivalent of parents not being able to pulpy, noir, cop movies ever, which Mel Gib- the common ‘birthday’
Russian village, and its citizens unfolds so firmly, so The god Pang Gu Jerome Robbins, is extravagant and vivid—a lies.complete In this way,the picture.
human beings were able
spank their kids anymore. But, as has been son starred in before his public fall from grace tension up to 10, portraying the anguish of a of a stakeout is the eating. Gibson replies, “A ‘Dragged Across realistically, that one often feels oneself in an actual fireworks display bursting the threads of to sustain Here is art. own
But itexistence
is not artificial. Here is a “Fid-
made abundantly clear in recent years, cops a few years back. While that movie was hip mother needing to go to work and bring home single red ant could have eaten that faster.” Concrete’ of all humans.
place—not sitting in a theater.
holds up the sky,
firmly separating it simplicity. dler”
after
their generation
overflowing with exuberance and warmth.
generation.
get rough all the time, regardless, for many and very funny, “Dragged Across Concrete,” the bacon, while in the throes of postpartum Here the milkman Tevye (Steven Sky- from the earth. When I could not account for my eyes The number of lives went on to become
reasons. Racism might be one reason, but while even more violent, is also more realistic depression. Director as Provocateur Director bell) plies his trade. When his horse that tearing during much of the per- countless. Diana Barth writes for various theatrical
like pub-
The custom of celebrating renri dates back he died, he dedicated Each has its own story, much
mostly it’s exasperation, and knowing from and therefore sadder. But Gibson also hereby Which underscores director Zahler’s rather Casting Mel Gibson (who got thrown out of S. Craig Zahler pulls his milkcart goes lame, he himself formance. Am I, and others in the the lications and for inNew Millennium. She may be
to the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.–A.D. 220). The his entire body to the lives unfolding a vivid cherished novel.
experience that violence gets quicker results. reclaims his status as one of our better actors. traditional take on things. He sees women as Hollywood on his ear due to real-life racist Starring bears the 2019
burden. Presently,
Chinese New heYearis deal-
fell on Feb. 5, thus world’s future beings. audience, suffering from the loss Socontacted renri is not at only
diabarth99@gmail.com
a festival for wishing a
But now smartphones lurk everywhere, And “Dragged” is not without humor. needing strong men to guard and take care remarks) as a racist cop who, like Nick Nolte’s Mel Gibson, Vince ing with getting
placingthe oldest
renri three
on Feb. 11.of his of tradition? Or are we stressed by happy birthday to all of humankind, but it
and Brett and Anthony are videoed using of them. Also, political correctness is thrown aforementioned dirty cop, pines for the pre- Vaughn, Tory Kittles, five daughters marriedtooff.
oneThe under- ther and farthervarious
apart asinsecurities wrought
larger by is also a time to commemorate Nu Wa with
excessive force on a perp. They get dragged Who’s Going to Pay? like a pie in the audience’s collective face by PC days when cops weren’t hamstrung by Laurie Holden, lying thread
According version of the ancient leg- his body grew
‘Fiddler on the Roof’
end,toNu this
Waprocess
came toisthe tradi-
world many thou- and larger. Aftercontemporary
the separation life?
of sky and a deep sense of gratitude.
before the boss, who happens to be Brett’s for- Henry Johns (Tory Kittles) just got released officers Ridgeman and Lurasetti: “I’m not a nice-y-niceness—is a perfect and perfectly Jennifer Carpenter, tion—holdingsands onoftoyears
it, orafter
being forced
the god Pan Gu created Earth became stable,The worst
Pan Gupossible
fell downsituation
ex- Stage 42
Human Day is also a reminder for human
mer partner (a top-notch Don Johnson), and from jail. He’d kind of like to try going racist. I always order a cup of dark roast on cynical showbiz ploy. Michael Jai White, to let it go.the world. hausted. He went ultimately
to sleep andreaches
never Anatevka.
awoke. 422toW.live
beings 42ndby St. New York
upright principles as good
they are suspended without pay. straight, but discovers mom is doing bad MLK day” is the mild side of it. Director Zahler has Ridgeman’s ex-cop wife Don Johnson, Udo All in thisPanplaceGuare
hadOrthodox Jews, tirelessly for
himself worked When he died, A pogrom will soon
he dedicated histake place. people,
entire and to treasure their relationships
Kier Tickets
Brett’s furthermore subjected to a lecture things to pay the bills, and that’s all it takes This is definitely not a movie for feminists talk about how her former liberal stance has wherein itmany is tradition
thousandsthatofthe father
years, standing between body to the world’s Allfuture
must pack andFor
beings. leave
ex-ev- and212-239-6200
other lives, so asortoFiddlerNYC.com
honor their creator
about the fact that he’s a perennial door- to accept an offer from an old crime associ- and/or liberals; it’s pretty much exclusively been obliterated by living in a crime-ridden Running Time must choose thehisskydaughters’
and the Earthhusbands.
and pushing them far- erything within
ample, his head transformed into three
moun- days. and indeed humankind’s own creation.
kicker, never wanted to ride a desk, and ate (Michael Jai White) to drive some bank for hard-bitten veteran law enforcement per- black neighborhood. 2 hours, 39 minutes Firstborn Tsaytl (Rachel Zatcoff) Where to go? Tevye’s wife Running Time
now he’s 60. And, how, in his line of work, if robbers to a bank. sonnel living in a time when the friendly, At one point, Vaughn’s character says it all readily complies—almost. She wants Golde (an excellent Jen- 3 hours (one intermission)
Rated
one gets “dragged across too much concrete” Suffice it to say, the bank robbers rob a short-sleeves and wingtips-wearing neigh- went downhill for men when men started R desperately to marry Motl (Ben Li- nifer Babiak) embraces Closes
(the movie’s title), one has to be careful not to bank, and our bad off-duty cops attempt to borhood policeman of Norman Rockwell’s saying “we’re pregnant” instead of “she’s ebert), an impoverished tailor, if only and comforts her close Sept. 1
lose one’s ability to keep the higher, benevo- rob the bank robbers, and director S. Craig era has given way to paramilitary outfits and pregnant.” Release Date
lent scope of law enforcement in perspective. Zahler takes a long, leisurely time (presum- submachine guns. And, of course, the ubiq- And the story is basically about a black March 22
The boss feels Brett’s dangerously close to ably born of the mindset of also being a writ- uitous first-responder graveyard humor that ex-con and two white, probably-soon-to-
policing purely on bile. er) to tell his tale. Which results in patches always accompanies seeing too much death. be ex-cops, involved in a heist that each one
And indeed, Brett’s too hard-bitten for of boredom offsetting bouts of high tension. Best scene: On a stakeout in the car, Vaughn hopes will give them an advantage over the
the lecture to take. While he’s not as cynical Which results in the whole movie feeling loudly munches, masticates, lip-smacks, bad hand they’ve been dealt in life. How are
as the brutal, self-righteous cop Nick Nolte highly realistic. sighs, swallows, tooth-sucks, paper-crinkles, these lives alike?
played in “Q & A,” or the worse cop Richard About a third of the way through, however, twist-and-turn-surveys each remaining Ultimately, “Dragged Across Concrete”
Gere played in “Internal Affairs,” he’s close. Jennifer Carpenter (Dexter’s cop sister in the morsel of a ham-and-cheese sandwich with challenges today’s PC standards, and then
Brett’s ex-cop wife (Laurie Holden) has MS, HBO series “Dexter”) plays a mother trying immense, phlegmatic relish, all the while be- turns around and challenges the audience
and his daughter (Jordyn Ashley Olson) is to go back to work at said bank, after taking ing balefully, slow-burn glared at by Gibson. by making all involved (with the exception
getting bullied by neighborhood teens to the three months off to have a child. Juilliard- Who’s incredulous. Because it goes on forever. of the bank heist crew) more or less under-
point where his wife imagines them having grad Carpenter single-handedly turns the Vaughn then blithely offers that the best part standable and sympathetic.
NO COMMUNISM, NO SOCIALISM
JUST PURE TRADITIONAL
FILM REVIEW ALL PHOTOS COPYRIGHT 2018 TM, K/PH
Scenes from
“Penguin
Highway.”
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10 | ARTS & TRADITION Week 14, 2019 Week 14, 2019
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2019 ARTS & TRADITION | B311
ALL PHOTOS IN PUBLIC DOMAIN ALL PHOTOS IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN
9 (Left) How did a minor
celebration of a saint
become a major mod-
Odysseus and the Enneagram ern holiday? St. Val-
8 1
entine as depicted in
this modern icon, at the
Finding the True Self
Basilica di Santa Maria
in Cosmedin, Rome.
(Top right) The earliest
known Valentine in Eng-
lish was from Margery
Odysseus’s
Brews to John Paston.
British Library.
(Bottom right) By the
Victorian era, Valen-
7 2 tine’s Day was a notable
holiday, as this painting
Journey
of a young lady with a
love letter shows. “The
Morning of St. Valen-
tine,” 1865, John Call-
cott Horsley. Walker
Part 1 Art Gallery.
6 3
year remained consistent in England right up until
Continued from Page 7 the Reformation, when the observance of saints’
days was abolished and events in the temporal
So this easily means that Homer could have been The cycle were modified. That some of the Catholic
The nine-point
familiar with the Enneagram and incorporated it Enneagram is feasts, such as Valentine’s Day, Shrove Tuesday,
into his masterwork.
To take a more contemporary tool, the Myers- a personality
Enneagram.
5 4 and Halloween (All Hallows Eve), survived the
Reformation to remain in our cultural calendar
Briggs might be considered a rival of the Ennea- tool that today is undoubtedly due to the rituals and tradi-
gram. But the Enneagram seems sourced with tions that secular folk attached to them, an issue
wisdom from a much deeper level in the human classifies all 3
that brings us full circle to St. Valentine.
psyche. And once it surfaced in California, there people into one
was an explosion of books and literature on the The number Twos’ self-image is “I help,” and Fives’ self-image is “I see through,” and their Be My Valentine 3. Narcissus shares
topic, and Enneagram studies became main- of nine types. their basic desire is to feel love and to be a loving basic desire is to master, as in becoming a wise By the end of the Middle Ages, the meaning of some traits with number
stream and popular around the world. person, but their deadly sin, again often hidden person. But their deadly sin is avarice: There is Valentine’s Day had expanded to incorporate Four types, sometimes
What, then, is the Enneagram? At the risk of even from themselves, is pride. This is surprising never enough knowledge, so they tend to hoard human lovers expressing their feelings in hope considered the artist type.
oversimplifying, the Enneagram is a personal- but arises because in their desire to help others, it. They have a fear of not knowing enough. If the of attracting or reaffirming a mate. In February “Narcissus Changed Into a
ity tool that classifies all people into one of nine they often develop a sense of superiority over Americans are generally expansive Threes, the 1477, one would-be lover, Margery Brews, sent Flower,” 1771, by Nicolas-
types. Although there are only nine, there is mas- those they help: But for my help, what a mess so- Brits are sometimes considered introverted Fives. the oldest-known “Valentine” in the English Bernard Lépicié.
sive complexity within and across the types. and-so would be in. At their best, Fives are perceptive, objective, and language to John Paston, referring to him as her 4. Achilles, likely an Eight
Before considering how this works in the Furthermore, while wishing to help others, wise; at their worst, they are cold, pedantic, and “right welbelouyd Voluntyn.” and certainly a man
“Odyssey,” let’s consider what these types are that they can deny that they need help themselves. distant loners. At the time, Brews’s parents were negotiating of strength, could be
each one of us corresponds to. This can, perversely, create exactly the opposite The Sixes’ self-image is “I do my duty,” and my her marriage to Paston, a member of the Norfolk vindictive, as he was to the
effect of the love that Twos intend. basic desire is to be supportive and supported, gentry, but he was not satisfied with the size of Trojan Hector, whose dead
The Nine Types of People At their best, Twos are generous helpers, loving, and to be perceived as a loyal person. If Fives tend the dowry offered by her father. body he dragged behind
Each of us is one number that has a specific self- and openhearted friends; at their worst, they are to be loners, then Sixes tend to be social and team The couple married shortly after, so Margery’s his chariot. “The Triumph
image and positive motivation, and each has one flatterers, martyrs, and manipulators. workers. Their deadly sin is fear, especially of not heartfelt letters clearly appealed to her beloved. of Achilles,” 1892, by
“deadly” sin that tends to be his or her Achilles’ Number Threes’ self-image is “I am success- being supported, or of being betrayed, which can While we have to wait until the Tudor period to Franz Matsch. A fresco on
heel, and which must be overcome to reach one’s ful,” and their basic desire is to be valuable, or an create massive anxiety for them. witness the now familiar concept of bestowing the upper level of the main
full potential. effective person, but their deadly sin is deceit, and At their best, Sixes are committed, loyal, self- 4 5 material gifts on one’s Valentine, it is Margery’s hall of the Achilleion at
It is important to understand that one can only often they fool themselves about their true mo- sacrificing team players; at their worst, they Valentine that best captures the essence of how the Corfu, Greece.
be one number, and this doesn’t change over tives. This is because image is vitally important to are suspicious, paranoid, and centers of deep vindictive. At their best, Nines are empathetic, reliable, and James Salesaint’s
is an English businessman
day transformed from and the
being a lesser-known
5. Odysseus must
one’s lifetime. However, that said, the numbers Threes. So as they sculpt their own images to ap- negativity. Finally, Nines see themselves as “I am content.” harmonious; at their worst, they are apathetic, creator of feast
Motivational Maps, which
on the medieval operates
liturgical calendar to one of
confront Poseidon, who
are fluid as the Enneagram symbol suggests. pear successful, they can easily end up believing Sevens see themselves as “I am happy”; to be They wish to experience
riment, wholeness
and gift and the
giving. And listless,
be aoutdoor revels of and stubborn.
plays. Events such as these took full advantagein 14 countries. He has
the most authored
important overof40
days books
the year for hopeful represents the very
Adjacent numbers (called “wings”) may impact their own hype! satisfied is their desire, and to be a joyful, opti- peaceful person, but their
early May deadly sin
and summer is sloth,
also played Having read
oran important anspring
of the overview,
and you mightmonths,
summer from major
considerwith warmer andinternational publishers,
hopeless romantics, includingof religion.
regardless depths of Odysseus’s
one’s primary number, and there are other ways Some writers on the Enneagram think that mistic person. But their deadly sin is gluttony, what the ancients called acedia—the
role in people’s inability
lives, giving to secular
rise to what number
ritu- daysyou think most
providing amplerepresents yourfor largeMacmillan,
opportunity num- Pearson, and Routledge, on manage- soul. “Travel of Poseidon
in which numbers interact with each other. whole countries can be characterized by a domi- or excess. They seemingly cannot get enough take effective
alsaction.
such asPart of this inactivity
“Maying” (gathering is due
blossoms personality.
and bers And
of while
peopleyou are thinking
to gather about
together it, and
outside ment,
cel- education, and poetry.
Sarah Peverley is a As a poet, of
professor heEnglish
won at the by Sea,” 1894, by Ivan
If we go around in order from One to Nine and nant number: Threes’ quest for success is often positive experiences and are always propelling to their ability to seearound
dancing both sides
theof a position,
Maypole, andandso on), our
mum- Part 2 ebrate
of this the
series will begin
natural to explore
seasons how
of rebirth first prize University
and growth. in The Society of Classical
of Liverpool in Poets’ 2017This article
England. Aivazovsky.
describe each’s essential characteristics, it may considered typically American. themselves forward to find the next one. Because so to fail tomings,
chooseand
either.
various forms of secular and religiousthese are revealed in Homer’s
The complex “Odyssey.”
seasonal competition.
rhythms of the liturgical was first published on The Conversation.
be possible to identify what one’s Enneagram At their best, they are motivating, goal- of their quest for excess, important things of-
number is. Usually, most people identify with 1. Using his wits, orientated achievers; at their worst, they are ten never get completed, as they move to the next
two or three numbers, and then it’s a question of Perseus, possibly workaholics, and as Michael Goldberg says in his thing.
getting feedback to narrow the options down. I a Six, was able to wonderful book “The 9 Ways of Working,” “soul- At their best, Sevens are innovative, inspira-
like the oral tradition of ascertaining where one is slay the monster less hustlers.” tional, and big-picture people; at their worst, they
American Values.
by careful sifting of the qualities of each number. Medusa. “Perseus,” by are irresponsible, shallow, and underachievers.
Benvenuto Cellini. In Who Wants to Be Different?
Starting Clockwise, With Ones the Loggia dei Lanzi of Fours see themselves as “I am different,” and Here’s the Boss, at Eight
Florence, Italy.
Traditional Journalism.
Number Ones believe “I am right” and have a their desire is to be unique or original people. Eights perceive themselves as “I am strong,” and
basic desire to do good and so tend to be idealistic. Their deadly sin is envy because they can’t help their basic motivation is to protect themselves
2. Calypso was
Their deadly sin, often repressed, is anger. Be- most likely a Two, but look on others and compare themselves, and and to be a powerful person. Their deadly sin is
cause Ones are perfectionists, and so reformers, sometimes called the feel they come up short. Hence, they focus on au- lust, not just in a sexual sense but also as in a de-
their anger is repressed for they know that if they Lover. “Calypso Calling thenticity and originality as a way of compensat- sire or lust for power. They want to know who’s in
were perfect, they wouldn’t experience it! Heaven and Earth to ing for comparative deficiencies. Fours are often control, and they want it to be them! Being weak
At their best, Ones are good people wanting to Witness Her Sincere considered artistic types. is what they must avoid.
improve the world. Of course, at their worst, they Affection to Ulysses,” At their best, Fours are sensitive, aesthetic, and At their best, Eights are high-energy, take-
are self-righteous, arrogant, and highly judgmen- 18th century, by profound; at their worst, they tend to be depres- charge, and responsible individuals; at their It’s the only sane newspaper
tal of others. Angelica Kauffmann. sive, self-absorbed, and spiteful. worst, they are confrontational, reckless, and
amidst all this insanity.
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