Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo

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Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
Lifelong guidance system
                  in France

             CONTENTS
                                                                                 2 GUIDANCE’S DEFINITIONS
                                                                                 3 POLICY AND STRATEGIES
                                                                                 4 INITIAL GUIDANCE
                                                                                 6 CONTINUING GUIDANCE
                                                                                 8 PROFESSIONALIZATION
                                                                                    OF COUNCELLORS

Lifelong guidance in France
Euroguidance Network Publication

When France chose the theme of guidance as               In addition, there is a wide range of organisations
focus for the French presidency of the Council           that provide information and guidance advice.
of the European Union, it was no doubt far from          This wide variety of information, guidance and
imagining that this work would lead to the               advice structures differs depending on the target
development and adoption, on 21 November                 groups, the types of services offered, the status of
2008, of a resolution aimed at «better integrating       the institutions or the origin of their funds.
lifelong guidance into lifelong learning strategies».    The French system may therefore appear
However, in France, vocational training depends          complex. The education and vocational training
as much upon the initial curriculum as on a              reforms introduced in 2013 and 2014 have
highly-developed continuous curriculum. This             partly modified the guidance system. Their aim
dichotomy has consequences for the guidance              is to increase the autonomy of individuals when
system which, even though it forms part of               making choices about their careers. National and
the European strategy for lifelong guidance,             regional operators work together to guarantee
nevertheless continues to be impacted by an              that all assets benefit from a consistent and
approach that is split between the conflicting           uniform service over the whole of the country.
ideas of initial guidance and continuous guidance.       In this brochure, the Euroguidance-France
This observation also applies to policies, and           network describes the main characteristics of
therefore strategies, in the area of guidance, with      the French lifelong guidance system - strategies,
an additional tier - the territory, involving measures   stakeholders and resources, with the emphasis
at the national and regional levels.                     placed on a range of current topics of concern.
Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
GUIDANCE’S DEFINITIONS

    Guidance is the result of a continuous process        The public lifelong guidance service is thus
    aimed at developing and implementing a                designed to guarantee everybody access
    personal training and social insertion project        to free, full and objective information on
    that individuals carry out based on their             careers, training, certification, opportunities
    aspirations and abilities.                            and compensation levels, as well as access to
    Under the right to education each individual          networked services that offer quality guidance
    has the right to be informed, advised and             advice and support.
    supported in regard to career guidance,               Extracts from the Law of 24 November 2009 in respect
    whether initial or continuous.                        of lifelong guidance and vocational training.

2

    Guidance as a
                                                           capacities and competences. Guidance covers
    continuous process enables
                                                          a range of individual and collective activities
    citizens at any age and at any point in their lives
                                                          relating to information giving, counselling,
    to identify their capacities, competences and
                                                          competence assessment, support, and the
    interests, to make educational, training and
                                                          teaching of decision-making and career
    occupational decisions and to manage their
                                                          management skills.
    life paths in learning, work and other settings
                                                          Definition adopted by the resolution of the Council of
    where it is possible to acquire and use these         the European Union of 21 November 2008
Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
POLICY AND STRATEGIES - NATIONAL/REGIONAL SHARING

In the middle of the 2000s, a number of               The continuous guidance services are very
reports revealed the true complexity of the           often co-administered by the Ministry in charge
French system and its main consequence - the          of Employment and Work, and by the Regions.
potential beneficiaries of guidance counselling       They are responsible for informing and guiding
were confused. One of the solutions was to            assets, adults seeking jobs, who wish to change
create, in 2009(1), a (national) public guidance      career path, who choose or are required to
service.                                              be professionally mobile, or who desire to
However at the same time, the Regions and             acquire additional competences. Organisations
regional and local authorities, had gradually         involved in reception, guidance, information,
brought about the decentralisation of the             support (AOIA - accueil, orientation, information,
«vocational training» competence to their             accompagnement) are structured in networks
advantage. As a result, basing themselves on          at the national level, with territorial locations
the principle of a global approach to guidance-       extending sometimes as far as the living area
training-insertion for individuals, as early as       or labour pool. There are almost 9,000 such
2004 the French Regions claimed control over          structures in France.
«guidance».                                           To respond to the rules underlying any public
In 2014 (2) a single law instituted the final stage   service (access to free, full and objective
of the decentralisation of «vocational training»      information), information on careers, training,
and the (first?) stage of decentralisation of         certification, opportunities and levels of
«guidance».                                           compensation is made available based on two
                                                      major systems. At the national level, there are
Thus, since 1 January 2015, a regional public
                                                      skills and capabilities observatories managed
guidance service (SPRO - service public régional
                                                      by social partners, and at the regional level, the
de l’orientation) was created in response to user
                                                      resource and information centres de (Centres
expectations, whilst at the same time taking
                                                      for training co-ordination, resources and
into account the economic development of the
                                                      information known as ‘CARIF’).
territories. The regional territory has become
the level at which the actions of the guidance        Finally, apart from the policies and strategies
structures are coordinated.                           introduced by public decision-making bodies,
                                                      private guidance centres and private press
The law of 2014 states that «The State defines,
                                                      agencies such as L’Etudiant and Studyrama,
at national level, the guidance policy for pupils
                                                      offer information and guidance services to
and students in schools and higher educational
                                                      secondary school pupils and students. In
institutions» and «the Region coordinates the
                                                      competition with public service structures, and
actions of the other organisations involved in
                                                      unlike them, these organisations offer paying
the regional public guidance service».
                                                      services.
The Region is also responsible for «the creation
of the professional development council» and
                                                      (1) Law n° 2009-1437 of 24 November 2009 related to
providing «an information role, in particular in
                                                           lifelong guidance and professional training
respect of training and the validation of prior
                                                      (2) 
                                                          Law n° 2014-288 of 5 March 2014 related to
experience».                                              professional training, employment and social
The initial guidance services are administered            democracy
by the Ministry of National Education, Higher
Education and Research although other
Ministries may be involved in providing               further information : www.cnefop.gouv.fr portal
information, such as the Minister for Urban           of the National Employment, Professional Training
Affairs, Youth and Sports and the Minister            and Guidance Council, responsible in particular
of Agriculture. The guidance services of the          for promoting dialogue between the various
Ministry of National Education target general         stakeholders (decision-making bodies, financiers,
and professional secondary education                  service providers) and for assessing the policies
establishments along with higher education            and strategies in its areas of competence including
establishments.                                       guidance.
Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
INITIAL GUIDANCE

           Principal structures, some tools
    For reasons of simplicity only the main guidance
    networks are presented here. For the initial
    training of young people and students, two main
    networks that depend on the Ministry of National
    Education, Higher Education and Research are
    located across the whole of the country - the
    network of the Information and Guidance Centres
    (CIO - Centres d’Information et d’Orientation) and
    the network of the Joint University and Guidance
    and Professional Insertion Services (SCUIO-IP -
    Services Communs Universitaires
    d’Information et d’Orientation et
    de l’Insertion Professionnelle).
    The CIOs accept applicants
    from all walks of life and
    prioritise young people at school
    and their families. Main activities
    - information on studying,
    professional training, qualifications
    and          professions,      individual
    counselling, organisation of exchanges
    and discussions between partners in
    the education system. Counselling

4   psychologists who work there will also visit
    secondary schools (collèges and lycées),
    they are responsible for the school adjustment
    of pupils and are involved in preventing and         www.education.gouv.fr
    reducing the dropout rate. They support pupils       www.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/
    in obtaining lifelong career decision-making         pid24842/orientation.html
    skills. At the same time, they are responsible for
                                                         ht t p ://ed u s col.ed u cat i on.f r/ci d 48057/
    and co-ordinate the organisation of information
                                                         orientation-priorites.html
    provided to pupils on self-awareness, activities
    to promote discovery of the world of business        www.onisep.fr
    and work, in partnership with the educational        www.cidj.com
    teams. Finally, they act as technical advisers
    to headteachers to put in place a customised
    guidance programme, in accordance with
    national policies.
    The SCUIO-IP are present for students in all
    universities, and are often associated with
    professional integration help desks. Main
    activities - providing information on university
    curricula, monitoring and providing help to
    students in the form of tutoring and support,
    support for their training project and for
    creating their career plan in the form of one-
    on-one meetings and counselling, information
    on career changes from the first year onwards,
    advice on finding training programmes,
    information and workshops on professional
    integration.
    As the Youth Information network depends
    on the Ministry for Youth it has reception areas
    located throughout the territory that enable it
    to respond to the demands and requirements
    of young people in matters of information on
    day-to-day living and vocational or educational
    guidance.
Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
Portfolio of Competences

      A   portfolio of competences is an                    has grown steadily and today
          individual file created slowly over time          is used in 35 of the country’s
            using a range of documents, which               75 universities. Since its
            allows individuals to certify the               experimental creation
            competences they have obtained as               in 2007 by 4 founding
           a result of training and experience.             universities, 700 teachers
         The term «portfolio of skills» is also             have been trained to help students throughout
    used. For a number of years, as a result of             their course create their professional integration
the rapid spread of digital technology, there has           project by the means of an e-portfolio. This
been an increase in the number of e-portfolios.             tool is aimed at empowering students and
Portfolios of competences are increasingly                  giving them control over their career path by
used in higher education establishments, in                 teaching them how to describe and promote
particular in universities.                                 their experiences and their skills. Since 2012, the
                                                            convergence of the PEC with Europass has led to
Among the numerous portfolios developed, the
                                                            a greater co-ordination and complementarity of
Portfolio of Experience and Competences (PEC -
                                                            the two portfolios.
Portefeuille d’Expériences et de Compétences)
                                                            further information : www.pec-univ.fr

      Parcours Avenir - a guidance tool to
     help acquire new skills by becoming
    familiar with the socio-economic
   world and by taking initiatives

                PARCOURS AVENIR                                                    or interdisciplinary courses
                a guidance tool to help acquire new skills by becoming familiar    and is part of a guidance
                with the socio-economic world and by taking initiatives            approach that involves all
                                                                                   stakeholders.
    Pupils in                                                                      A digital tool (called Folios)
   secondary         Partners                    Aims
    schools                                                                        allows each pupil to record
                                                             Better professional
                                                                  inclusion        what they have learned,
                                                                                   their experiences, academic
In collège, and in the lycée, the Parcours Avenir           and extracurricular skills and to promote them
«must allow each pupil to understand the                    when designing their individual guidance
world of work and business, to experience the               pathway.
diversity of jobs and training programmes,                  further information : to support its
to develop their sense of commitment and                    implementation, the ONISEP has produced a
initiative and to draw up their academic and                brochure that can be found in the teaching
vocational guidance programme», (Cf. decree of              section of the site : www.onisep.fr
1st July published in the Official Journal of 7 July
2015). It consists of a range of activities that are
carried out during courses within a discipline
CONTINUING GUIDANCE

             Principal structures offering guidance services
             for people entering the labour market

       NETWORK                                                               MISSIONS
    National employment        • Support for and placement of job seekers
           agency              • Support for companies in the area of recruitment
         Pôle Emploi           • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)

         Agency for            • Support and advice for executives throughout their careers
      the employment           • Help to companies to optimise their recruitment and the management of their internal skills
     of Managers - APEC        • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
                               • Social and professional integration of young people aged between 16 and 25 in all areas - guidance, training,
        Local Mission             employment, accommodation, health, mobility, citizenship, sport, leisure, culture
                               • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
                               • The Cité des Métiers brings together, in the same location, professionals in the areas of guidance, training,
       Cité des métiers           employment, competence assessment and business creation, who pool their resources in order to offer
                                  better guidance, better integration and a better career path for individuals. .
                               • Customised Support and Counselling
     Employment office/
                               • Promotion of training and employment measures
6      Training office
                               • Actions in favour of employment and companies
                               • Guidance professionnelle personnalisée
             MIFE              • Promotion de la formation et des dispositifs d’emploi
                               • Actions en faveur de l’emploi et des entreprises
                               • Support and counselling for disabled people
         Cap Emploi            • Help with placing disabled people in private or public companies
                               • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
         Fund for the          • Support and counselling for disabled people so that they may be recruited or maintained in employment,
        Integration of            in the three public functions
     Handicapped People
     into the Civil Service
            FIPHFP
    Network of information • Reception, Information on women’s rights including employment, professional training and company
      on women’s rights       creation
           CIDFF
                               • Information and Guidance of the public on Validation of Prior Experience procedures de (VAE)
    VAE Counselling Relay
                               • Support during the different steps of the approach and administrative formalities, via one-on-one
           Points
                                  meetings and counselling
     Skills audit service      • Completion of skills audit
           provider
                               Main mission - support employees in drawing up their training project in respect of Individual Training
                               Leave (analysis of requests and funding)
     Approved joint body       But also :
    in respect of individual   • Support for employees in drawing up their training project in respect of the CIF, a competence assessment
      training leave (CIF)
                                  or a VAE
            OPACIF
                               • Information provided to these individuals
                               • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)

    CONSULAR CHAMBER           Main mission: Representing the interests of companies to public authorities.
      Chamber of trade         Including :
         and crafts            • Development of general interest events (fairs, shows, conferences, …) in the service of companies, their
    Chamber of Commerce           territory and the attractiveness of their geographic territory.
        and Industry           • Management of Decision Support Centres to help young people take decisions about their future and
    Chamber of Agriculture        provide information on contracts, jobs, diplomas
The Validation of Prior                certification referential, the training nature of
                                             Experience – VAE                       work is acknowledged by the VAE. The creation
                                                                                    of a dossier of evidence before a sovereign jury
                                         Originating from the law for Social        confers upon it a social and legal recognition in
                                        Modernisation of 2002, the Validation       the same way as certification acquired in initial
                                       of Prior Experience is recognised by         or continuous training.
                                      the Education Code as the 4th method
                                    of access to professional certification         further information : www.vae.gouv.fr
                             in France*. By combining the knowledge                 * 4th method of access to professional certification such as
                             and competences acquired in a professional             initial or continuous training and apprenticeship.
                             situation or during unpaid activities, with a

                      AU D I E N C E S                            F U R T H E R I N F O R M AT I O N

• Job seeker (paid or not)                                       www.pole-emploi.fr

• Private sector executive employee                              www.apec.fr
• Executive job seeker (paid or not)
• Students who have finished their higher education
• Young people aged between 16 and 25                            www.unml.info

• All audiences                                                  http://reseaucitesdesmetiers.com

• All audiences                                                  www.ville-emploi.asso.fr

• All audiences                                                  www.intermife.fr
                                                                                                                                Career Guidance
                                                                                                                                Counselling – CEP
• Job seeker (paid or not), in particular                       www.capemploi.com
                                                                                                                                (Conseil en Evolution
• with a «disabled» issue                                                                                                       Professionnelle)
                                                                                                                             Originating from the law of
                                                                                                                             2013 relating to job security,
• Job seeker (paid or not), public sector employee,             www.fiphfp.fr
                                                                                                                             Career Guidance Counselling is
   in particular with a «disabled» issue
                                                                                                               a new right that is available to any individual
                                                                                                               (employee, self-employed, job seeker…)
                                                                                                               throughout their working life.
                                                                                                               It allows them notably to obtain information
• All audiences, in particular women                             www.infofemmes.com
                                                                                                               on their professional environment and the
                                                                                                               way jobs are developing in the region, to
                                                                                                               better understand their competences so as to
• Any person having at least 3 years’ professional experience   www.intercariforef.org/reseau/                be able to promote them, to identify jobs that
                                                                 reseau-carif-oref                             correspond to their competences and to know
                                                                                                               the measures available to complete a career
                                                                                                               development project.
• Private sector employee
                                                                                                               The free and confidential CEP, comprises three
• Public sector employee
                                                                                                               levels, a one-on-one meeting, customised
• Private sector employee                                        www.fongecif.com/contact.html                 counselling and support for implementation
• Job seeker (paid or not)                                       www.afdas.com                                 of the project*. It is provided by five networks
                                                                 www.faftt.fr                                  of national operators (see table opposite), and
                                                                 www.fafsea.com                                possibly by other stakeholders designated by
                                                                 www.unagecif.com                              the Regions.
                                                                 www.unifaf.fr                                 *Career engineering and financial engineering
                                                                 www.uniformation.fr

• Company bosses                                                 www.cci.fr
• Entrepreneur (employee or job seeker)                          www.artisanat.fr
•Young person in search of companies in the context of          www.chambres-agriculture.fr
 sandwich courses (apprenticeship, professionalisation
 contract)
PROFESSIONALIZATION OF COUNCELLORS

    Training guidance counsellors                                                            Training adult guidance
    for pupils and students                                                                  professionals
    The profession of guidance counsellor is not a regulated                                 Within the multiple structures of continuous
    profession in France. Only public service counselling                                    guidance (see the main networks p 6 & 7), the
    psychologists who work in Information and Guidance                                       practitioners of continuous guidance may be,
    Centres and in schools have a degree in psychology                                       integration counsellors, employment counsellors,
    and a specific diploma known as the Diplôme d’Etat de                                    researchers, training counsellors… There is no
    Conseiller d’Orientation Psychologue. To be qualified,                                   single professional reference framework. There is
    students must have a degree in psychology and sit an                                     therefore no single training to prepare practitioners
    exam designed to recruit officers from the Ministry of                                   for carrying out these activities.
    Education.                                                                               For their initial training, these practitioners were
    From 2016 onwards, the creation of a single body of                                      able to follow a wide variety of training courses but
    psychologists from the national education system will                                    often in human sciences (educational sciences or
    amend the frame of reference of competences and how                                      occupational psychology).
    they are recruited. They must hold a Master’s degree
                                                                                             Once guidance professionals have been recruited,
    in Psychology and shall benefit from an additional
                                                                                             it is the network to which they belong that is
    year of training, on a sandwich course, leading to a
                                                                                             responsible for their professionalisation, and their
    specialised certificate. Teachers are also involved in
                                                                                             access to continuous training. There is a large
    offering guidance to pupils and in structures designed
                                                                                             number of service providers that offer professional
    to prevent and combat school dropout rates.
                                                                                             development paths. We should note that the
    Joint university information and guidance services
                                                                                             Ministry of Employment, entrusted to the Carif-Orefs
    include teams consisting of guidance counselling
                                                                                             the task of making such an offer.
    psychologists, design engineers, documentalists,
    psychologists, teachers with university qualifications.                                  further information :
                                                                                             •The Carif-Orefs www.intercariforef.org/reseau/
    further information :
                                                                                               page/professionnalisation-des-acteurs
    • counselling psychologists association of France :
                                                                                             • Inffo Centre charged with developing information

8
       http://acop-asso.org
                                                                                                in the field of professional guidance and training at
    • University Conference Network of Counsellors in the
                                                                                                the national level www.centre-inffo.fr
       Guidance and Professional Integration of students
       www.lacourroie.fr
    • Institut de recherche en orientation professionnelle :
       http://inetop.cnam.fr/

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      © Centre Inffo november 2015
                      Webography
                                                                                             www.pole-emploi.fr site of the Agence nationale
                           www.orientation-pour-tous.fr                                      pour l’emploi - see in particular the «Je m’oriente»
                            the national lifelong guidance                                   section.
                            portal (information on initial and
                                                                                             www.apec.fr site dedicated to executive
                            continuous training programmes,
                                                                                             employment - job offers, guidance tools.
                           jobs, guidance structures, etc).
                                                                                             www.unml.info portal of the Union Nationale
                          www.monorientationenligne.fr                                       des Missions Locales (UNML) - representative and
    an online youth guidance service.                                                        federative union of the network of Local Missions and
    www.onisep.fr a national publisher of information                                        other integration organisations.
    on jobs and teaching.                                                                    www.capemploi.com portal of the national
    www.euroguidance-France.org                                                              Specialised Placement Organisations network in the
    the site of the French Euroguidance network, for the                                     service of disabled persons.
    European dimension of guidance and to promote                                            www.intercariforef.org portal of the network
    mobility.                                                                                of the Carif-Orefs in charge in particular of the
                                                                                             information and professionalisation of stakeholders
    www.cidj.com the network of youth information                                            involved in adult guidance.
    centres.

                                                                                                                                                                                  Editing
                                                                                                                                                                                  Euroguidance-France
                                                                                                                                                                                  Authors :
                                                                                                                                                                                  Graziana Boscato, Isabelle Dekeister,
                                                                                                                                                                                  Régis Guillemette, Elisabeth Kunze,
                                                                                                                                                                                  Laurent Lascrou, Régis Roussel,
                                                                                                                                                                                  Alice Vielajus
                            This publication was produced with the support of the European Commission under the Euroguidance France programme.                                    Layout : Claudie Carpentier
    This publication is the sole responsibility of its author and the European Commission accepts no liability for the use that may be made of the information contained in it.
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