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GEOTECHNICALnews
Volume 37 • Number 3 • September 2019
Upstream face
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GEOTECHNICALnews
PUBLISHER John W. Gadsby Canadian Editorial Office
MANAGING EDITOR Lynn Pugh Canadian Geotechnical Society
Nick Beier, Editor, CGS News • email: nabeier@ualberta.ca
Editors
Robert Chapuis Richard Guthrie Membership Information : Canadian Geotechnical Society
John Dunnicliff Paolo Gazzarrini Gibson Group Association Management
Ward Wilson Nick Beier Wayne Gibson, 8828 Pigott Road • Richmond, BC V7A 2C4 • tel: 604-277-7527 • email: cgs@cgs.ca
Managing Editors and Advertising Editors
BiTech Publishers Ltd. Groundwater
211 - 10180 Ryan Road Robert P. Chapuis, Dept. CGM, Ecole Polytechnique, PO Box 6079, Sta. CV Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4
Richmond, British Columbia tel: 514-340-4711 • fax: 514-340-4477, • email : robert.chapuis@polymtl.ca
Canada V7A 4P9 Instrumentation
tel 604-277-4250 • fax 604-277-8125
John Dunnicliff, Little Leat, Whisselwell, Bovey Tracey, Devon TQ13 9LA, England
email gn@geotechnicalnews.com tel: +44 1626-832919 • email: john@dunnicliff.eclipse.co.uk
web www.geotechnicalnews.com
The Grout Line
GEOTECHNICAL NEWS is published quarterly. Paolo Gazzarrini, 11-2246 Folkestone Way, West Vancouver, BC, V7S 2X7 • tel: 604-913-1022
Paper subscription rates: fax: 604-913-0106 • email: paolo@paologaz.com
• within North America: $60.00 CDN Waste Geotechnics
per year G. Ward Wilson, Professor, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental • University of Alberta, Dept. of Civil
& Environmental Engineering, 3-069 NREF, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2 • tel: 780-492-2534
• overseas: $100.00 US per year through fax: 780-492-8198 • email: wwilson2@ualberta.ca
BiTech Publishers Ltd.
Geohazards
Electronic version: Richard Guthrie, Senior Principal, Director, Geohazards and Geomorphology, Stantec,
GEOTECHNICAL NEWS is also available in electronic 200-325 25 Street SE, Calgary, AB T2A 7H8, • tel: 403-441-5133, •
version. email: Richard.Guthrie@stantec.com
For details,visit Printed in Canada
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Volume 37 • Number 3 • September 2019
CONTENTS
FROM THE CGS BOARD The First Canadian Geotechnical Conference (1947) 15
La première Conférence canadienne de géotechnique (1947) 17
Doug VanDine
18th Global Joint Seminar on Geo-Environmental Engineering 20
Catherine Mulligan
WASTE GEOTECHNICS Applications of Mining Geotechnique Research:
From the Laboratory to the Real World
Education Outreach at the University of Alberta
Geotechnical Centre 21
Vivian Giang and G. Ward Wilson
GEOINTEREST The Phoenix Ground Improvement Machine 23
Bill Hodge
DEPARTMENTS Canadian Geotechnical Society News 6
From the CGS Board 15
Waste Geotechnics 21
GeoInterest 23
Cover Upstream face of tailings dam at Black Dome
(See article page 23)
4 Geotechnical News •September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.com
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CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
Message from the President
Mario Ruel
A Word from Mario Un message de Mario
Dear friends, colleagues, and members. Bonjour! Chers ami(e)s, collègues et membres. Hello!
Just like in the construction industry, where it is required Tout comme dans le secteur de la construction, où il est
to work extra hard to take advantage of long summer days nécessaire de travailler très fort pour profiter des longues
to advance projects, we also had a busy season at the CGS. journées ensoleillées de l’été afin de faire avancer les pro-
Now fall is just around the corner, and it gets even busier as jets, nous avons également connu une saison bien occupée
the race is on for most of us, whether it is to complete our à la SCG. Maintenant, l’automne est à nos portes, plusieurs
projects or for those in Academia to start the new semester. d’entre nous ressentent une pression accrue, que ce soit
Despite all of this, we do need to invest some time to attend pour terminer les projets ou, pour le milieu académique,
our Annual Conference. afin de bien débuter la session. Malgré ces contraintes,
So, let me tell you what is coming up with the CGS and what nous devons réserver du temps pour assister à notre con-
we’ve been up to over the past few months. Please don’t miss férence annuelle.
my concluding remarks on the CGS and our geotechnical Alors, laissez-moi vous dire ce qui vous attend du coté
profession. de la SCG et ce que nous avons réalisé ces derniers mois
avant de conclure en partageant mes réflexions au sujet de
la SCG et de notre profession de géotechnicien.
GeoSt.John’s 2019 "Under Land and Sea" GéoSt.John’s 2019 « Sous la terre et la mer »
It is time to finalize your plans to attend our 72 CGS Annual
nd
Il est maintenant le temps de finaliser vos réservations afin
Conference in Newfoundland and Labrador from September d’assister à notre 72e conférence annuelle de la SCG qui
29th to October 2nd. This will start on Sunday late afternoon se tiendra à Terre-Neuve et Labrador du 29 septembre au
with the “Young Professionals Event”, just before the Con- 2 octobre. Cela commencera dimanche en fin d›après-midi
ference Icebreaker for all participants. It will include a panel avec l›événement brise-glace visant les jeunes profes-
presentation and other fun activities. This is a great oppor- sionnels, juste avant le brise-glace de la conférence pour
tunity to chat about career development and welcome our tous les participants. Ceci comprendra une présentation de
young members. groupe et d’autres activités amusantes. C’est une excellente
Then, on Monday morning, the CGS will also host the occasion de discuter de cheminement de carrière et pour
“Women’s Networking Breakfast”. This initiative fits into the accueillir nos jeunes membres.
vision of the CGS, which encourages discussion about how Lundi matin, la SCG organisera alors le « Déjeuner de
to successfully support and engage women in the geotechni- réseautage pour les femmes ». Cette initiative s’inscrit dans
cal field. In addition to a strong technical program with over la vision de la SCG, soit celle de favoriser les échanges
230 presentations at the Conference, we invite you to join sur la meilleure manière de soutenir et d’impliquer les
the Legget luncheon on Monday, September 30th, where our femmes dans le domaine de la géotechnique. En plus d’un
most prestigious prize will be presented. Later in the evening, programme technique intéressant comprenant plus de 250
please come to the Awards Banquet where we will recognize présentations durant la conférence, nous vous invitons à
the contributions of our most deserving CGS members. participer au diner Legget, lundi 30 septembre (vers midi),
“It is time to finalize your plans to attend où sera présenté notre prix le plus prestigieux. Plus tard
dans la soirée, vous êtes conviés au banquet de remise des
our 72nd CGS Annual Conference prix où nous soulignerons les contributions des membres
in Newfoundland and Labrador from les plus méritants de la SCG.
September 29th to October 2nd”. “Il est maintenant le temps de finaliser
vos réservations afin d’assister à notre
72e conférence annuelle de la SCG qui se
tiendra à Terre-Neuve et Labrador du 29
septembre au 2 octobre”.
6 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.com
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n Stressmeters
Temperature Data Acquisition Vibration
n Temperature sensors n Readouts + Dataloggers n Vibration monitors
n Thermistor strings n Wireless networks
n Cloud hosting + data visualization EBRATIN
EL
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C
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CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
cYGEGC 2019 cYGEGC 2019
The Canadian Young Geotechnical Engineers and Geosci- La conférence canadienne des jeunes ingénieurs en géotech-
entists Conference (cYGEGC) will be held just prior to the nique et des géoscientifiques (cYGEGC) se tiendra du 26
CGS annual conference on Sept. 26 -28 in St. John’s. We au 28 septembre à St. John’s, juste avant notre conférence
look forward to hearing all about this other promising CGS annuelle. Nous suivrons cette autre activité de la SCG avec
event. grand intérêt.
Cross Canada Lecture Tour (CCLT) Tournée de conférences transcanadienne
Following the successful tour of Charles Shackelford Après le succès de la tournée printanière de Charles
(Colorado State University) this spring, we are all keen to Shackelford (Colorado State University), nous avons tous
hear from Ian Moore (Queen’s University) who will be our hâte d’entendre Ian Moore (Queen’s University) qui sera
next speaker for the CCLT this fall. This will give you the notre prochain orateur pour la tournée transcanadienne de
possibility to meet Ian who is in line to succeed me as CGS l’automne prochain. Cela vous donnera l’occasion de ren-
President in January 2021. contrer Ian qui devrait me succéder comme Président de la
These prestigious lecture tours have been organized by CGS SCG en janvier 2021.
since 1965 to broadcast geotechnical science and practice Depuis 1965, la SCG organise ces prestigieuses tournées de
to Canadian geo-professionals from coast to coast. Let’s conférences dans le but de diffuser les connaissances et les
be thankful to Charles and Ian for their significant efforts pratiques géotechniques aux géoprofessionnels canadiens
to prepare lectures and travel all over Canada to serve our d’un océan à l’autre. Soyons reconnaissants à Charles et
Geotechnical Community. Ian pour leurs efforts dédiés à la préparation de leurs con-
férences et à leurs déplacements partout au Canada afin de
servir notre communauté géotechnique.
CFEM 2021 – Update report MCIF 2021 – Rapport de progression
As I indicated in my last message, we are well into the Comme je l’ai indiqué dans mon dernier message, nous
process of replacing the current 4th edition of the Canadian sommes sur le point de remplacer l’actuelle 4e édition du
Foundation Engineering Manual with a new electronic ver- Manuel canadien d’ingénierie des fondations par une nou-
sion called CFEM 2021. We should all be very proud of our velle version électronique appelée MCIF 2021. Nous devri-
CFEM as it has been the benchmark for current practice in ons tous être très fiers de notre MCIF qui a été la référence
foundation engineering in Canada. en matière des pratiques actuelles en ingénierie des fonda-
Under the direction of your CGS VP Technical, Rob Ken- tions au Canada.
yon, we are very excited to tackle this national effort to Sous la direction de votre VP Technique de la SCG. Rob
update existing chapters as well as add new subject mat- Kenyon, nous sommes très motivés de prendre part à cet
ters. We are happy to report that we have had a very good effort national visant à mettre à jour les chapitres existants
response from our CGS members with most of the chapter et à ajouter de nouveaux sujets. Nous sommes heureux
leads selected and strong support from many volunteers d’annoncer que nous avons eu une très bonne réponse de
to work on various chapters. The goal is to complete most nos membres de la SCG. La plupart des responsables de
of the chapters in 2020, with progressive release in early chapitres ont déjà été choisis et nous avons aussi le soutien
2021. If you have suggestions or want to participate in the de plusieurs volontaires pour œuvrer sur différents cha-
preparation of the manual, we are eager to hear from you. pitres. L’objectif est de compléter la plupart des chapitres en
Please contact our CFEM Coordinator Ken Skaftfeld at 2020, avec une publication progressive au début de 2021.
cfem2021@trekgeotechnical.ca Avez-vous des suggestions ou souhaitez-vous participer à la
préparation du manuel ? Nous sommes impatients de vous
entendre; veuillez svp contacter notre coordonnateur du
MCIF Ken Skaftfeld à l’adresse cfem2021@trekgeotechni-
cal.ca.
8 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.com
CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
Member Survey Sondage auprès des membres
The CGS exists for the benefit of its members. We are proud La SCG existe pour le bénéfice de ses membres. Nous
of your loyal membership and we are committed to serve sommes fiers de votre appui indéfectible et nous nous
you better. To do this, we start by taking the time to listen to engageons à mieux vous servir. Pour ce faire, nous commen-
you. The following is a summary report on our latest efforts çons par prendre le temps de vous écouter. Ce qui suit est
to “pay attention”. un compte-rendu sommaire de nos plus récents efforts pour
The CGS Membership Committee conducted a Member vous entendre.
Survey from January to April 2019. Your CGS VP Commu- Le comité des membres de la SCG a mené un sondage
nications & Member Services, Judith Bouchard, was pleased auprès des membres de janvier à avril 2019. Votre Vice-pré-
to see a strong feedback with over 200 responses. Since sidente Communications et services aux membres de
then, the CGS Membership Committee and Judith have been la SCG, Judith Bouchard, s’est réjouie de recevoir une
analyzing the survey in conjunction with our CGS member- bonne rétroaction avec plus de 200 réponses. Depuis lors,
ship data. The objectives are to: le Comité des membres de la SCG et Judith ont analysé
• better understand our membership; le sondage de concert avec les données relatives à nos
membres. Les objectifs sont de :
• see how we could bring greater value to our existing
members; • mieux comprendre l’ensemble de nos membres ;
• encourage more participation in the CGS at local and • voir comment nous pourrions apporter une plus grande
national levels; and valeur à nos membres actuels ;
• promote growth. • encourager une plus grande participation à la SCG aux
niveaux local et national ;
Judith and the Membership Committee will share the results
with you by presenting a summary of their findings in the • promouvoir la croissance.
December issue of the Geotechnical News! Judith et le Comité des membres partageront les résultats
avec vous en présentant un résumé de leurs conclusions dans
le numéro de décembre du Geotechnical News !
Our communication strategy Notre stratégie de communication
“We, the CGS Executive Committee, need to improve com- « Nous, le comité exécutif de la SCG, devons améliorer la
munication with you the members.” This is one of the main communication avec vous, les membres ». C›est l›une des
conclusions from the survey analysis. principales conclusions de l›analyse du sondage.
To get better at this, Judith Bouchard is working with the Afin d’améliorer cette situation, Judith Bouchard collabore
Communication Task Force to prepare and launch a commu- avec le Groupe de travail sur les communications afin de
nication campaign. Efforts will be aimed at informing you préparer et de lancer une campagne de communication
about the latest CGS initiatives, our numerous membership durant l’automne. Cette campagne visera à informer les
benefits, as well as to make our members more familiar with membres des diverses initiatives de la SCG, des nombreux
the CGS organization and how we operate. Please follow avantages offerts aux membres ainsi que sur l’organisation
us on the CGS E-News and social media so you can keep in et le mode de fonctionnement de la SCG. Pour en savoir
touch! plus, suivez-vous sur le SCG E-Info et sur nos médias
We will soon be introducing a new redesigned CGS member sociaux !
magazine (replacing the Geotechnical News magazine when Nous allons bientôt lancer un nouveau magazine destiné aux
BiTech Publishers retire at the end of 2019). The CGS has membres de la SCG. Il remplacera le Geotechnical News
been working on the development of this new magazine in lorsque BiTech Publishers se retirera à la fin de 2019. La
partnership with Karma-Link, our new publisher. We are SCG a travaillé au développement de ce nouveau périodique
looking forward to sharing it with everyone in March 2020! en partenariat avec Karma-link, notre nouvel éditeur. Nous
sommes impatients de le partager avec tout le monde en
mars 2020!
www.geotechnicalnews.com Geotechnical News • September 2019 9
CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
Initiatives for Geopreofessional Women Activités pour la promotion des femmes
The CGS wants to encourage discussion about how to géoprofessionnelles
successfully support and engage women in the geotechni- La SCG souhaite encourager les échanges sur la manière
cal field. As mentioned earlier, one of our initiatives will de soutenir et d’impliquer les femmes dans le domaine de
be to host the “Women’s Networking Breakfast” during la géotechnique. Comme mentionné précédemment, une de
the GeoStJohn’s 2019 Conference. Check the conference nos premières initiatives sera d’organiser un « Déjeuner de
website for more details, or please contact us at vpcomm@ réseautage pour les femmes » lors de la conférence GéoSt.
cgs.ca. If you are interested in being involved in further John’s 2019. Consultez le site Web de la conférence pour
discussion on this topic or want to volunteer, please reach plus de détails ou contactez-nous à l’adresse suivante :
out to us! vpcomm@cgs.ca. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter si vous
The CGS wants to encourage discussion souhaitez participer aux discussions ou aux activités sur ce
sujet!
about how to successfully support and
La SCG souhaite encourager les échanges
engage women in the geotechnical field.
sur la manière de soutenir et d’impliquer
les femmes dans le domaine de la
géotechnique.
Closing Words Le mot de la fin
You can see that your Executive Committee is determined Vous pouvez constater que votre Comité exécutif est déter-
to get closer to all the members and local chapters with miné à se rapprocher de tous les membres de la SCG et des
enhanced communication to better serve you. We are also sections locales en améliorant la communication pour mieux
considering plans for outreach activities to engage and vous servir. Nous envisageons également des activités de
contribute outside our membership, within our profession sensibilisation visant à susciter l’engagement et la contri-
and beyond. bution en dehors de notre effectif, dans notre profession et
A lot of you noticed there are too many of our geo-profes- au-delà.
sional colleagues that appear not really interested in the Vous avez été nombreux à remarquer qu’il y avait trop de
CGS. One of my visions is to see a much greater part of our collègues géoprofessionnels qui semblent ne pas s’intéresser
large geotechnical community become more involved in the vraiment à la SCG. L’une de mes visions est de voir une
activities of our CGS. plus grande partie de notre vaste communauté géotechnique
“Member of the CGS? What’s in this for me?”; is what s’impliquer davantage dans les activités de notre SCG.
many of my colleagues ask me. Increased awareness of the « Membre de la SCG ? Qu›est-ce que cela m’apporte ? »
CGS`s mission, our leadership, who we are and what we C’est ce que plusieurs de mes collègues me demandent.
do locally, nationally and on the international stage will Une sensibilisation accrue au sujet de la mission de la SCG,
help them see the benefits and motivate participation. All of sur notre leadership, ce que nous sommes et ce que la SCG
us can play a positive role by chatting with our colleagues accomplit localement et à l’échelle nationale et internatio-
about the CGS. nale, les aidera à voir les avantages et à motiver leur partici-
“What can I do for my profession; for my Society?”; is pation. Nous pouvons tous jouer un rôle positif en parlant de
another question I’d like to encourage many to reflect upon la SCG avec nos collègues.
as I think this could be considered as part of our engineering « Que puis-je faire pour ma profession ? Pour ma Société ? »
pledge. Along those lines, our CGS Past President, Dharma C’est une autre question au sujet de laquelle j’aimerais
Wijewickreme (2017-2018), also believed in the CGS`s con- encourager mes collègues à réfléchir, car cela pourrait être
tribution to the society-at-large by encouraging communica- considéré comme faisant partie de notre serment d’ingé-
tion “about the critical role played by the geo-professionals nieur. Dans cet ordre d’idées, notre président sortant de la
in our Society, especially considering our work is mostly out SCG, Dharma Wijewickreme (2017-2018), croyait égale-
of sight ...”. ment à la contribution de la SCG à la société en général en
encourageant la communication « sur le rôle crucial joué par
les géoprofessionnels dans notre société, en particulier, en
tenant compte que notre travail est la plupart du temps peu
connu et reconnu ... »
10 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.comCANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
Our CGS represents the geotechnical profession in Canada Notre SCG représente la profession géotechnique au Canada
and I share Dharma`s view that complementing membership et je partage l’opinion de Dharma selon laquelle le fait de
activities with some outreach communications within our nous investir au-delà du cercle des membres par des activi-
professional community and beyond can help enhance our tés de sensibilisation au sein de notre communauté profes-
profession’s strength and visibility in the Society in which sionnelle et au-delà peut contribuer à renforcer la vitalité et
we live in. la visibilité de notre profession dans la société dans laquelle
Thanks again for investing your time in reading my nous vivons.
thoughts. I encourage you to offer your feedback to me and Merci encore d’avoir pris le temps de lire mes réflexions.
to our Executive Committee at president@cgs.ca. Je vous encourage à me transmettre vos commentaires ainsi
qu’à notre Comité exécutif à l’adresse president@cgs.ca.
“What can I do for my profession; « Que puis-je faire pour ma profession ?
for my Society?” Pour ma Société ? »
I am looking forward to meeting you in person at the Je suis impatient de vous rencontrer personnellement au
cYGEGC and GeoSt.John’s 2019 in late September. I am cYGEGC et à GéoSt.John’s 2019 à la fin du mois de sep-
sure we’ll learn a lot and have fun in the relaxed mood of tembre. Je suis certain que nous allons apprendre beaucoup
Newfoundland and Labrador. et nous amuser dans l’ambiance détendue de Terre-Neuve.
À bientôt, mes amis ! – See you later, my friends! See you later, my friends - À bientôt, mes amis!
From the Society Charles D. Shackelford is Profes- Agency). Dr. Shackelford’s research is
sor and Head of the Department of focused primarily on evaluating flow
Civil and Environmental Engineering, (seepage) and transport of liquids and
Canadian Foundation for at Colorado State University, Fort contaminants through engineered soil
Geotechnique Collins, Colorado. He has 35 years of and geosynthetic containment bar-
experience pertaining to the geoen- riers used for liquid and solid waste
vironmental engineering aspects of containment.
waste management and environmental Dr. Charles Shackelford lectured at
remediation, is a licensed professional twelve cities across Canada begin-
(civil) engineer (P.E.) in California and ning Tuesday, May 21 in St. John’s,
Colorado, and has served as an expert NL with a lunch seminar and finished
Spring 2019 Cross Canada on waste disposal issues on numer- in Vancouver, BC on June 6 with a
Lecture Tour ous occasions for private companies dinner presentation (Table 1.). It was
The Spring 2019 Cross Canada and federal and international agencies a gruelling schedule, and we are very
Lecture Tour (CCLT) lecturer was (e.g., International Atomic Energy
Dr. Charles D. Shackelford from Table 1. CCLT 2019 Schedule
Colorado State University. The CCLT
has been, and continues to be, one of Date Location
the ‘flagship’ activities of the CGS. Tuesday, May 21 St John’s (lunch)
The purpose of the CCLT is to provide Wednesday, May 22 Fredericton, (Dinner)
CGS members and other Canadian
Thursday, May 23 Quebec City, (Dinner)
geotechnical professionals an oppor-
tunity to attend high quality technical Friday, May 24 Friday, May 24
presentations by prominent Canadian Monday, May 27 Kingston (lunch)
and international geotechnical profes-
Tuesday, May 28 Ottawa (lunch)
sionals. The CCLT lecture series is
funded by the Canadian Foundation Wednesday, May 29 Thunder Bay (lunch)
for Geotechnique – via generous Thursday, May 30 Winnipeg (lunch)
corporate sponsorship. The sponsors Monday, June 3 Calgary (Dinner)
of the spring CCLT include BGC
Engineering, Clifton Associates, Tuesday, June 4 Regina (lunch)
Klohn Crippen Berger, and Thurber Wednesday, June 5 Edmonton (lunch)
Engineering. Thursday, June 6 Vancouver (dinner)
www.geotechnicalnews.com Geotechnical News • September 2019 11CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
grateful to him for undertaking the applications, we decided to work ing Manual has been the benchmark
event, which benefited so many of our with all the universities. The pilot for current practice in foundation
members. test will run from September 2019 to engineering in Canada and we are
Lecture topics for the Spring May 2020, after which the Student very excited to be updating existing
2019 CCLT included: Chapters and CGS Executive Com- chapters as well as adding new subject
mittee will convene to discuss the matter. The intent is to have the man-
• Enhanced Bentonites for Sustain-
success of the initiative and next steps. ual substantially completed by the end
able Chemical Containment
We’ve already had 2 other universi- of 2020, with a release early in 2021.
• Membrane Behavior and Chemico- ties express interest in forming student In the meantime, if you have any
Osmosis in Clays chapters in the future. questions on this initiative or would
• The Role of Diffusion in Environ- The universities include (from west to like to contribute to preparation of the
mental Geotechnics east): manual, please contact Ken Skaftfeld
During the tour, local Section and at cfem2021@trekgeotechnical.ca.
• University of British Columbia
University representatives met with • University of Alberta
Charles, provided tours of their
facilities and assisted with his travel • University of Saskatchewan Upcoming Conferences and
arrangements. Charles shared the • University of Manitoba Seminars
following gratitude as the Spring 2019 • Waterloo University
CCLT drew to a close. • Queen’s University and Royal
“Participating in the CCLT has been Military College
a fantastic experience for me and • Dalhousie University
certainly one that I will forever cher-
ish. All of the CGS sections I visited The Student Chapters Executive
were extremely gracious and accom- Committees are composed of under-
modating, and meeting and interacting graduate and graduate students, some
with the members of these sections who are new to the CGS and others
was a pleasure. I am grateful to the who have been involved in the CGS
CGS, the Canadian Foundation for for many years. They already have
Geotechnique, and the corporate spon- great ideas from speaker series, virtual
sors of the CCLT, i.e., BGC, Clifton meetings, MSE wall competitions, to
Associates, Klohn Crippen Berger, events that engage high school stu-
and Thurber Engineering Ltd., for dents. We’ve hosted our first planning
providing me with this opportunity.” webinar and will be preparing for a
Charles D. Shackelford September launch over the summer.
Each Student Chapter had to seek a
CGS Student Chapters
vote of support from their Local Sec-
We are excited to announced that later tion as part of the application and the
this month the CGS will be launch- CGS Sections did not disappoint. All
ing 7 student chapters as a pilot test! sections welcomed this idea through
The purpose of Student Chapters is to writing letters of support. Thank you
engage young engineers and scientists CGS members for your continued
in the geotechnical field earlier in their support!
career, provide an introduction to the
Maraika DeGroot GeoSt.John’s 2019
CGS, create opportunities for student
Young Professional Representative September 29 – October 2,
leadership roles, and support students 2019
with resources from an organization Canadian Foundation
Come visit us at GeoSt.John’s 2019,
(e.g. networking and speaker opportu- Engineering Manual
taking place in St. John’s, NL at the
nities). The Canadian Geotechnical Society end of this month. We look forward to
In February we put out a call for is in the process of replacing the seeing our old colleagues and meeting
applications and we were thrilled current 4th edition of the Canadian new ones. This will be the 72nd annual
to receive interest from universi- Foundation Engineering Manual with conference hosted by the Canadian
ties across the country, from British a new electronically available version Geotechnical Society. Come to St.
Colombia to Nova Scotia. With the called CFEM 2021. For many years, John’s and find out why our delegates
amount of excitement and high-quality the Canadian Foundation Engineer- keep coming back year after year!
12 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.comCANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY NEWS
Geo-Congress 2020 We will be looking for feedback on Nous voudrons obtenir des avis sur
some important topics over the next d’importants sujets au cours des pro-
On behalf of the Program Committee,
few months. Please check out our chains mois. Veuillez consulter notre
you are cordially invited to partici-
website www.cgs.ca, email Lisa at site Web, www.cgs.ca, écrire à Mme
pate in the technical program of the
admin@cgs.ca or fill out a comment McJunkin, à admin@cgs.ca ou utiliser
ASCE Geo-Institute’s most dynamic,
card at the GeoSt.John’s conference. les cartes de commentaires disponibles
informative, inspirational, and innova-
We are looking forward to hearing à la conférence GéoSt.John’s. Nous
tive 2020 event: Geo-Congress 2020:
from you all! sommes impatients de connaître votre
Vision, Insight, Outlook, which will
Have an interesting Geotechnical opinion!
be held February 25 – 28, 2020 in
Minneapolis, MN. Registration opens related story or project that you would Vous avez une histoire ou un projet
October 17, 2019. Please see the like to see profiled in an upcoming intéressant lié à la géotechnique que
conference website for more details issue? Send your ideas to Lisa at vous aimeriez voir paraître dans un
https://www.geocongress.org. admin@cgs.ca. We are looking for prochain numéro? Envoyez vos idées
interesting material. à Mme McJunkin, à admin@cgs.ca.
Nouvelles des divisions et des Nous sommes à la recherche d’élé-
Division and Committee comités ments intéressants.
News Si vous avez envisagé de contribuer à
la SCG en tant que bénévole de votre
If you have thought about getting section locale ou au niveau d’une Editor
involved with the CGS as a volunteer division ou d’un comité national, Nicholas Beier, PhD, P.Eng.
at your local Section or at the national communiquez avec nous pour obtenir University of Alberta
Division or Committee level, please de plus amples renseignements sur Dept. of Civil & Environmental Eng.,
contact us for more information about les occasions de participation. Vous 7-207 Innovation Centre for Eng.,
some upcoming opportunities to par- trouverez qu’il s’agit d’une expérience 9211 - 116 Street
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MIG0631AFrom the CGS Board
The First Canadian Geotechnical Conference (1947)
Doug VanDine
This is a contribution from the CGS The First Conference
Heritage Committee, of which Doug is At the tenth meeting of the ACSSM
a member. held in Ottawa on March 29, 1947, it
Introduction was announced that L.F. Cooling, the
The Canadian Geotechnical Soci- Head of the Soil Mechanics Section,
ety’s annual conference is one of the Building Research Station, England,
longest, if not the longest running and G.G. Meyerhof2, Mr. Cooling’s
geotechnical conferences in the world. assistant, were planning to visit
This year’s conference, GeoSt.John’s Canada in late April 1947. “The Com-
(Newfoundland) 2019, will be the mittee jumped at the opportunity that
72nd. Over those years the conferences this visit would provide and autho-
have had different names, have been rized the holding of a two-day meeting
planned and hosted by different orga- in Ottawa, with the visitors, to which
nizations related to the CGS, and have all known workers in Soil Mechanics
been held using different formats. This in Canada were to be invited.” (Legget
article briefly tells the story of the 1983)
First Canadian Geotechnical Confer- Invitations to attend were extended
ence held in Ottawa in 1947. to all individuals and organizations
across Canada known to be interested
Background
Photo 1: Robert Legget in the late in the topic. On April 28 and 29, 1947,
Most of this background information
1940s (photo from Library and only one month from the decision to
comes from an article by Bill Eden
Archives Canada). Robert Legget à hold the meeting, 40 individuals gath-
and Gordon McRostie, published in
la fin des années 1940. ered at the NRC Council Chamber on
a 1987 issue of Geotechnical News Sussex Drive in Ottawa (Photo 2) for
(Eden and McRostie 1987). the two-day “Civilian3 Soil Mechanics
The year 1945 also saw the establish-
The Engineering Institute of Canada’s Conference”. Considering the methods
ment of the National Research Coun-
Annual Meeting, held in Winnipeg in of communication and travel in 1947,
cil’s Associate Committee on Soil and
February 1945, included one technical to get 40 delegates together on such
Snow Mechanics (ACSSM). The first
session on soil mechanics. The session short notice was an amazing logistical
Chair of the ACSSM was R.F. (Rob-
included papers by G.B. Williams feat, and a testament to the inter-
ert) Legget1 (Photo 1), at the time an
from the Manitoba Department of est in the relatively new field of soil
Associate Professor at the University
Public Works, and R. (Bob) Peterson, mechanics at that time.
of Toronto. One of the mandates of the
from the Prairie Farm Rehabilita-
ACSSM was to promote and stimulate Attendees
tion Administration. This session is
believed to be the first soil mechanics research on the engineering aspects of All provinces, except British Colum-
the terrain of Canada, including soil bia, were represented by at least one
meeting in Canada and was a precur-
sor to the first conference. mechanics. delegate4. Ontario was best repre-
1
The R.F. Legget Medal, the CGS’s most prestigious award, is named after Robert Legget.
G.G. Meyerhof subsequently immigrated to Canada and, among many other accomplishments, in 1972 became the first President of the
2
CGS.
3
The reference to “Civilian” indicated that the end of World War II was still on people’s minds.
www.geotechnicalnews.com Geotechnical News • September 2019 15From
COMPUTING IN the CGS BoardENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL
42 years old, the Dean of Engineering
at the University of Alberta. In 1951
Bob Hardy established a commercial
soil and concrete testing lab called
Materials Testing Laboratories, which
in 1954 morphed into R.M. Hardy and
Associates, a precursor to the present-
day Wood Group. Another notable
delegate was 25-year old C.F. (Char-
lie) Ripley, a “Hydraulic Engineer”
with the Prairie Farm Rehabilita-
tion Administration in Regina. In
1951 Charlie Ripley established the
geotechnical consulting firm Ripley
and Associates, a precursor to the
present-day Klohn Crippen Berger.
The Canadian graduate student from
Harvard University was 26-year old
F.L. (Lionel) Peckover, who went on
Photo 2: NRC Building, 100 Sussex Drive, in 1945 (photo from NRC to become the Senior Soils Engineer
Archives). Édifice du CNRC, 100, promenade Sussex, en 1945. with the St. Lawrence Seaway Project
and then the Engineer of Geotechni-
sented with 25 delegates, followed by of Alberta, University of Toronto, cal Services with CN Rail. Lionel
Quebec with 4 delegates. The United Queen’s University, McGill Univer- Peckover is considered the “Father of
States was represented by two gradu- sity, École Polytechnique, University Railway Geotechnical Engineering in
ate students from Harvard University: of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Canada” (Mario Ruel, personal com-
one Canadian, and one from the UK. Technical College. Five delegates rep- munication).
L.F. Cooling and G.G. Meyerhof, the resented various industries, including
G.C. (Gordon) McRostie also
visitors from the UK, were included in Canada Cement Company, Imperial
attended. In 1947 he was a 24-year
the 40 attendees. Oil (Asphalt Division) and Foundation
old engineering consultant with N.B.
Government and government agen- Company of Canada. The two gradu-
MacRostie Consulting Engineers in
cies were most represented with 25 ate students referred to above and one
Ottawa5. In 1950 he established the
first geotechnical consulting firm in
delegates, including representatives engineering consultant rounded out the
Ottawa, one of the first such firms in
from the federal departments respon- delegates.
sible for public works, transportation, Robert Legget, then 42 years old, was Canada. In 2015 Gordon McRostie
agriculture, harbours and national the conference chair. Later in 1947, he was awarded a CGS Honorary Life
defence; Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec joined the National Research Council Membership for, among other things,
and Prince Edward Island departments of Canada as the first Director of the attending 66 of the 68 annual confer-
of public works and highways; and the new Division of Building Research, ences up to 2015. He also attended the
Hydro Electric Power Corporation of a position he held until he retired in 69th annual conference in 2016 and
Ontario, among others. Seven academ- 1969. Another notable conference was on the Local Organizing Com-
ics attended representing University delegate was R.M. (Bob) Hardy, also mittee of the 70th annual conference.
4
Newfoundland and Labrador was not represented, but it didn’t become a Canadian province unitl 1949.
5
N.B. MacRostie Consulting Engineers was a surveying and municipal engineering consultancy. In spite of the different spellings of their
last names, Norman MacRostie, the owner of the company, was Gordon McRostie’s uncle. Between 1949 and before Gordon McRostie
formed his own firm in 1950, he was a junior partner with the partnership MacRostie & McRostie (Michael W. St-Louis, Personal Com-
munication).
6
The proceedings of almost all of the annual conferences are available to download from the ‘Members Section’ of the CGS website www.
cgs.ca.
7
In 1947, there were no Canadian consulting firms specifically related to the soil mechanics-geotechnical field, although Foundation Com-
pany of Canada had formed a “Soil Engineering Department” in 1940 (Fred Matich, Personal Communication).
16 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.comFrom
COMPUTING IN the CGS BoardENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL
Gordon McRostie died at the age of 95 ciation voiced by Mr. G.B. Williams
and was the last surviving member of to the Chairman for organizing and
those who attended the first confer- conducting the meeting. Professor
ence. He died before the 71st annual Legget replied that the meeting had
conference or else he would have more than fulfilled the hopes which
attended that conference as well! had been entertained for it and said
Of the 40 attendees, many went on to that he felt that it could and should
have illustrious careers in the geo- be the first step towards most fruitful
technical field in Canada. Memoirs cooperation.”
(“Lives Lived”) of ten of the del- Canadian geotechnical conferences
egates are included in the CGS Virtual were off to a great “first step”, and 72
Archives (as of 2019): Spencer Hall, years later we look forward the 72nd
R.M. (Bob) Hardy, R.F. (Robert) Canadian Geotechnical Conference,
Legget, N.W. (Norman) McLeod, G.C. GeoSt.John’s (Newfoundland) in Sep-
(Gordon) McRostie, G.G. (Geoffrey) tember 2019.
Meyerhof, F.L. (Lionel) Peckover, Photo 3: Cover of the 1947 References
C.F. (Charlie) Ripley, H.B. (Hugh) Proceedings. Couverture des
Sutherland, and D.G. (Dan) Watt Eden, W.J. and McRostie, G.C. 1987.
comptes-rendus de 1947. Canadian Geotechnical Confer-
(http://www.cgs.ca/virtual_archives_
lives_lived.php). ences, 1947-1987; Geotechni-
Soil Mechanics Conference” (ACSSM
cal News, March 1987, pp 9-11.
Technical Program and 1947) (Photo 3). The proceedings, bet-
(Thanks to Lynn Pugh of BiTech
Proceedings ter described as minutes, provided “a
Publishing for providing this
record of a conference of most of the
This first conference consisted of
active Canadian workers in the field of
paper.)
a series of 28 short presentations Legget, R.F. 1983. Geotechnique
Soil Mechanics…”.
describing the activities in soil in Canada, a Personal Memoir;
mechanics in various parts in Canada The proceedings also contained a list
unpublished manuscript on the
and abroad. During the conference, it of 12 Canadian laboratories with soil
CGS website http://www.cgs.ca/
was also decided to establish a “Sub- testing equipment, divided equally
virtual_archives_history_cg.php,
committee on Civilian Soil and Snow between universities and governments/
accessed June 2019.
Mechanics” of the ACSSM to provide government agencies7. The proceeding
also listed the names of the regional Associate Committee of Snow and Ice
regional representation (6 regions) and
representatives selected during the Mechanics. 1947. Proceedings of
act as a Canadian liaison group for
conference for the Subcommittee of the 1947 Civilian Soil Mechanics
related international affairs.
the ACSSM. Conference, Technical Memo-
The 21-page type-written proceed- randum No. 9, National Research
ings6 were published in August 1947 Closure Council, Ottawa.
as NRC ACSSM Technical Memo- From the proceedings: “The meeting
randum No. 9 and were titled the closed with an expression of appre-
“Proceedings of the 1947 Civilian
La première Conférence canadienne de géotechnique (1947)
Doug VanDine
Cet article est une contribution du des premières, sinon la première ont été planifiées et ont été tenues
Comité sur le patrimoine de la SCG, conférence géotechnique à avoir été par différentes organisations liées
dont M. VanDine est membre. créée, et ce, à l’échelle mondiale. La à la SCG, et se sont déroulées sous
Introduction conférence de cette année, différents formats. Cet article raconte
GéoStJohn’s (Terre-Neuve-et-Labra- brièvement l’histoire de la première
dor) 2019, sera la 72e. Au fil des ans,
La conférence annuelle de la Société Conférence canadienne de géotech-
canadienne de géotechnique est l’une les conférences ont eu différents noms, nique tenue à Ottawa en 1947.
www.geotechnicalnews.com Geotechnical News • September 2019 17From
COMPUTING IN the CGS BoardENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL
Renseignements généraux tous les travailleurs connus en méca- de Toronto, l’Université Queen’s,
nique des sols au Canada seraient l’Université McGill, l’École Poly-
La plupart de ces renseignements
invités.» (Legget, 1983). technique, l’Université du Nouveau-
généraux proviennent d’un article de
Des invitations à participer à cette Brunswick et le Nova Scotia Technical
Bill Eden et Gordon McRostie, publié
réunion ont été envoyées à toutes les College y ont assisté. Cinq délégués
dans un numéro de 1987 de Geotech-
personnes et organisations du Canada représentaient diverses industries,
nical News (Eden et McRostie, 1987).
qui s’intéressaient au sujet. Les 28 dont la Canada Cement Company,
L’assemblée annuelle de l’Institut l’Impérial Oil (division Asphalte) et la
et 29 avril 1947, un mois seulement
canadien des ingénieurs, tenue à Win- Foundation Company of Canada. Les
après la décision de tenir la réunion,
nipeg en février 1945, comprenait une deux étudiants gradués susmentionnés
40 personnes se sont réunies à la salle
séance technique sur la mécanique et un ingénieur-conseil ont complété
du Conseil du CNRC sur la prome-
des sols. La séance comportait des les délégués.
nade Sussex à Ottawa (Photo 2) pour
articles de G.B. Williams du ministère
la «Conférence sur la mécanique Robert Legget, alors âgé de 42 ans,
des Travaux publics du Manitoba et
civile3 des sols». Considérant les était le président de la conférence.
de R. (Bob) Peterson, de Prairie Farm
modes de communication et de trans- Plus tard en 1947, il s’est joint au
Rehabilitation Administration. On
port en 1947, réunir 40 délégués dans CNRC à titre de premier directeur de
croit que cette séance est la première
un délai aussi court était un exploit la nouvelle Division des recherches en
réunion sur la mécanique des sols au
logistique étonnant, et un témoignage bâtiment, poste qu’il a occupé jusqu’à
Canada et qu’elle a été un précurseur
de l’intérêt pour le domaine relative- sa retraite en 1969. Un autre délégué
de la première conférence.
ment nouveau de la mécanique des digne de mention à la conférence
L’année 1945 a également vu la sols à cette époque. était R.M. (Bob) Hardy, également
création du comité associé de la âgé de 42 ans, doyen de la faculté de
mécanique des sols et de la neige du Les participants
génie de l’Université de l’Alberta. En
Conseil national de recherches du Toutes les provinces, sauf la Colom-
1951, Bob Hardy a établi un labora-
Canada (CNRC). Le premier président bie-Britannique, étaient représentées toire commercial d’analyse des sols
du Comité associé de la mécanique par au moins un délégué4, l’Ontario et de béton appelé Materials Testing
des sols et de la neige a été R.F. (Rob- étant la mieux représentée avec 25 Laboratories, qui a été transformé en
ert) Legget1 (Photo 1), alors professeur délégués, suivie du Québec avec R.M. Hardy and Associates en 1954,
agrégé à l’Université de Toronto. L’un quatre délégués. Les États-Unis étaient un précurseur de l’actuel Wood Group.
des mandats de ce Comité était de représentés par deux étudiants gradués Un autre délégué digne de mention
promouvoir et de stimuler la recherche de l’Université Harvard: un Cana- était C.F. (Charlie) Ripley, ingénieur
sur les aspects techniques du terrain dien et un Britannique. L.F. Cooling hydraulicien à Prairie Farm Rehabili-
au Canada, incluant la mécanique des et G.G. Meyerhof, les visiteurs du tation Administration à Regina, qui
sols. Royaume-Uni, figuraient parmi les était âgé de 25 ans. En 1951, Charlie
40 participants.
La première conférence Ripley a fondé la société d’experts-
Le gouvernement et les orga- conseils en géotechnique Ripley and
Lors de la dixième réunion du Comité
nismes gouvernementaux étaient les Associates, précurseur de l’actuel
associé de la mécanique des sols et
mieux représentés, avec 25 délé- Klohn Crippen Berger. L’étudiant
de la neige tenue à Ottawa le 29 mars
gués, dont des représentants des canadien gradué de l’Université Har-
1947, il fut annoncé que L.F. Cooling,
ministères fédéraux responsables des vard était F.L. (Lionel) Peckover, âgé
chef de la section de la mécanique des
travaux publics, des transports, de de 26 ans, qui est ensuite devenu ingé-
sols de la Building Research Station
l’agriculture, des ports et de la défense nieur principal de la mécanique des
en Angleterre et G.G. Meyerhof2,
nationale; des ministères des Travaux sols pour le projet de la Voie maritime
l’adjoint de M. Cooling, prévoyaient
de visiter le Canada à la fin avril 1947.
publics et des Transports du Manitoba, du Saint-Laurent, puis ingénieur des
de l’Ontario, du Québec et de l’Île-du- services géotechniques pour le CN.
«Le Comité a sauté sur l’occasion que
Prince-Édouard; et de l’Hydro Electric Lionel Peckover est considéré comme
cette visite lui offrirait et a autorisé la
Power Corporation of Ontario, notam- le «père de la géotechnique ferroviaire
tenue d’une réunion de deux jours à
ment. Sept universitaires représentant au Canada» (Mario Ruel, communica-
Ottawa, avec les visiteurs, à laquelle
l’Université de l’Alberta, l’Université tion personnelle).
1
La Médaille R.F. Legget, le prix le plus prestigieux de la SCG, porte le nom de Robert Legget.
2
G.G. Meyerhof immigre par la suite au Canada et, entre autres réalisations, devient en 1972 le premier président de la SCG.
3
«Civile» indiquait que la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale était encore présente dans l’esprit des gens.
4
Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador n’était pas représentée, mais elle n’est devenue une province canadienne qu’en 1949.
18 Geotechnical News • September 2019 www.geotechnicalnews.comYou can also read
