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Fall 2020/Winter 2021
Forming
priests in a
Pandemic
Mundelein Ministry Donor Profile In Memoriam
A Socially Distanced Ordination Kathryn Marilyn “Kay” Dickholtz Msgr. Charles R. Meyer, S.T.D.
Rector’s Notes
Building Bridges
Amidst a Pandemic
BY FAT HE R J OHN K A RTJ E
“In order that his ministry may be humanly as credible and
acceptable as possible, it is important that the priest should mold
his human personality in such a way that it becomes a bridge and
not an obstacle for others in their meeting with Jesus Christ the
Redeemer of humanity.” (Pastores Dabo Vobis, 43).
With these words, Pope St. John Paul God do not lose hope in the One whose
II drew upon a powerful image of the love is ever present even within the
priest as a “bridge” to help others cross midst of the chaos—is what we seek to
over into a deeper relationship with Je- grow and develop through our seminary
sus Christ. But a careful reading of this formation program.
text indicates that it is the man’s person- In these pages of The Bridge, you will shortcomings at his ordination and pre-
ality, in particular, which is the bridg- encounter numerous witnesses to this pared him to help his people transcend any
ing element. The supernatural grace of a bridging process at work. As the semi- similar shortcomings in their own lives.
priest’s ordination is received and com- narians departed campus early in the I particularly encourage you to encoun-
municated by his natural humanity— spring semester, they were challenged to ter the myriad examples of “priestly bridg-
and that humanity can be either a bridge find ways to remain connected to their ing” that are so evident in the ministry of
or a chasm, depending on how the priest classmates, faculty, formation advisors, one of our alumni, Fr. Sergio Rivas. He
views himself, his pastoral environment, and spiritual directors. That meant yeo- shares with us his pastoral mantra which
and the people whom he engages. That is man efforts by everyone to quickly adapt was forged by his formation at Munde-
why a priest’s human formation is one of to off-site learning, with the sometimes- lein: “Lord, let me look at people the way
the most critical aspects to be developed painful moments that any quick change you did”. But he also shows us how that
during his time in seminary. His mastery necessitates. Beyond the academics, the simple phrase continues to inspire him to
of the Catholic Church’s rich intellec- seminarians had to find new ways to melt away the COVID barriers that might
tual tradition, or his deep contemplative reach out to the people of their home otherwise take root between his people
prayer life, will be of little help to his pa- dioceses where most of them were now and the love of Jesus Christ.
rishioners unless he can embody those living. How does one make pastoral con- While he may not have foreseen the
gifts within a compassionate heart, a nections with nearly empty churches, pandemic of 2020 when he penned the
perceptive mind, and a willingness to elderly and infirm parishioners who can- quote cited above, Pope St. John Paul
sacrifice his own agenda in service of the not be readily visited in person, and the II certainly knew the deep need for a
needs of his people. usual vast array of parish gatherings (in priestly ministry that could bridge the
As the COVID-19 pandemic has pro- classrooms, RCIA sessions, parish coun- pain and confusion of global crises.
gressed throughout the year, it has been cil meetings, marriage and baptism prep- Drawing on his life experience, the Spirit
highly evident to me just how resource- aration, etc.) now relegated to Zoom? In inspired him to craft a vision for priestly
ful and resilient our students, alumni, these pages you’ll see how! formation that was designed to achieve
faculty and staff have been. They have Perhaps few moments within the life of that end. At Mundelein
FAT H E R
found new ways to negotiate the unique a priest or deacon provide a more intimate J OH N
Seminary we are the ben-
challenges and needs which surfaced connection with his diocese than his Ordi- KARTJE eficiaries of his vision and
from a society that has been limited by nation Mass. Those liturgies are generally is the president in the following pages
social distancing, quarantining, off-site celebrated within a packed parish church and rector you’ll see what that looks
learning, restricted access to the Sacra- or diocesan cathedral. While a pandemic- of the like in action.
University of
ments, and devastating spiritual, finan- era Ordination Mass might look very dif- Saint Mary
Together with you, in
cial, emotional, and physical crises. The ferent, you’ll read about how the grace of the Lake/ Christ, we are Mundelein.
seminarians’ capacity to help bridge of the Holy Spirit allowed one newly-or- Mundelein We form parish priests.
these struggles—so that the people of dained deacon to transcend any apparent Seminary. God bless you
2 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021
Inside this Issue
donor profile
Kathryn Marilyn
“Kay” Dickholtz
8 academic update
26 alumni reflection
2 Rector’s Notes
Building Bridges Amidst a Pandemic
16 Cover Story
24
Forming Priests in a Pandemic
BY FAT HE R J OH N K A RT J E B Y J O S E PH N G U Y E N
4 Campus Life 19 Internship Reflection
Familiar Faces Join Reorganized Not Your Average Internship
B Y M AT T H E W O C K I N G A
Formation Team
10 campus life BY DE AC ON M IC H A E L K E L LY
20 Mundelein Ministry
Sister Nadiya Levchenko
6 Mundelein Ministry B Y DA N KOR E N C H A N
A Socially Distanced Ordination
BY K YL E T I E T Z 22 Student Art and Poetry
8 Academic Update 24 Donor Profile
The seminarian-authored magazine of Pandemic Academics Kathryn Marilyn “Kay” Dickholtz
BY DE AC ON JA K E DU N N E
26 Alumni Reflection
10 Campus Life Seeing with the Gaze of Christ
Fall 2020/Winter 2021 Come to the Water B Y FAT H E R S E RG IO R I VA S
BY M AT T H E W O C K I N G A
Very Rev. John Kartje 28 MundeLines
RECTOR/PRESIDENT
11 Faculty Profile
Matthew Ockinga 30 in memoriam
Dr. Kevin Magas
EDITOR Msgr. Charles R. Meyer, S.T.D.
BY L E E NOE L
Seth Arnold FAITH Catholic BY VERY REVEREND THOMAS A. BAIMA
Very Reverend
Thomas A. Baima Patrick M. O’Brien 12 Faculty Profile
Deacon Jake Dunne PRESIDENT AND CHIEF
EXECUTIVE OFFICER Dr. Juliana Vazquez Krivsky
Matthew Gembrowski
Deacon Michael Kelly BY SE T H A R N OLD On the cover: Seminarian Alex
Elizabeth Martin
Dan Korenchan
Solsburg
Lorang (Diocese of Joliet) genuflects
Joseph Nguyen
Lee Noel VICE PRESIDENT AND 13 Faculty Profile before the Blessed Sacrament in the
Matthew Ockinga
EDITORIAL DIRECTOR
Dr. Mark Therrien vestibule of St. Mary Immaculate
Father Sergio Rivas Parish in Plainfield, Ill., where “drive-
Richard Rivera Lynne Hsu BY M AT T H E W G E M B RO WS K I
Kyle Tietz GR APHIC DESIGNER up Adoration” had been organized for
WRITERS parishioners. Throughout the early days
14 From the Diocese of the pandemic, seminarians returned
Matt Paolelli
DIRECTOR OF MARKETING
On A Mission to Serve to parishes in their dioceses and assisted
& COMMUNICATIONS,
STAFF ADVISOR
BY R IC H A R D R I V E R A with creative ministries to maintain the
spiritual lives of their parishioners.
The BridgeTM is a membership publication of the University of Saint Mary of the Lake/Mundelein Seminary, 1000 E. Maple Ave., PHOTO BY JOSEPH SOLOMON, DIOCESE OF JOLIET
Mundelein, IL 60060. Published twice a year by the students and faculty of the University of Saint Mary of the Lake/Mundelein
Seminary. Subscription requests and address changes can be sent to Mundelein Seminary, 1000 E. Maple Ave., Mundelein, IL 60060.
www.usml.edu | br id ge@usml.edu | Follow us on Facebook at facebook .com/mundeleinsem 3
Campus Life
Familiar Faces Join
Reorganized Formation Team
BY DE AC ON M IC H A E L K E L LY | 4 T, DIO C E S E OF YA K I M A
This year of 2020 has brought changes to many organizational time constraints, it is not always easy for
teams, and Mundelein Seminary is one of them. The Father Kartje to travel. Nurturing those
relationships is really important to us.”
selection of Father Brian Welter to be the new executive Originally from Kenya, Father Waithaka
director of the Institute for Priestly Formation (IPF) in began his work at the seminary last year
Omaha, Nebraska, precipitated new faces in the formation as director of the Tolton Teaching Parish
Program, and now he assumes the role of
and administrative leadership at the seminary. Welter, a dean of formation.
priest of the Archdiocese of Chicago, had been serving as “The dean of formation oversees the en-
vice rector and dean of formation at Mundelein. His tireless tire formation program and deals with all
facets of student affairs. In addition, I meet
work brought many positive changes to the seminary, from with bishops and vocation directors about
launching the Tolton Teaching Parish Program to overseeing their seminarians and we discuss both the
the creation of a new brick barbecue patio for campus. life of the seminary and the readiness of
their candidates for priesthood. That is the
bulk of my work,” Waithaka said.
In the wake of Welter’s new position, maintain and build relationships with Though that may be the bulk of his work,
rector Father John Kartje has appointed dioceses and vocation directors. In a way, the bulk of his play is crushing seminarians
Father Edward Pelrine as vice rector and the vice rector is the face of the seminary at soccer. Any spectator can tell that he is
Father Maina Waithaka as dean of forma- alongside the rector.” quite a force to be reckoned with.
tion. Both men are priests of the Archdio- Having been pastor of Our Lady of the “I hope to work with the seminarians,
cese of Chicago. Rosary Parish in Elk Grove Village, Illi- focusing with them on why they are here,
Pelrine has been at Mundelein for 5 nois, for seven years before coming to who they are, and God’s will for their lives,”
years, serving both as a spiritual director the seminary, Pelrine is good with people he said. “Before God can call us, we have
and the director of spiritual life. and with administration. He teaches the to know who we are.”
“The vice rector helps the rector with seminary’s “parish administration” class. Joining Maina this year as assistant dean
a number of top-level administrative de- “I plan to travel to visit bishops and of formation is Deacon Pat Quagliana.
cisions,” he said. “In addition, he helps vocation directors,” Pelrine said. “Due to Coming to Mundelein in 2017 from the
4 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021
Let us continue to
Archdiocese of Newark, New Jersey, Qua-
gliana has served as both a formation ad-
visor and cam director. In his new role,
pray for the future
he will be able to help facilitate a deeper
spirit of accompaniment of the formation
of our Church.
leadership among the seminarians.
“By my assuming some of the adminis-
trative duties from Father Maina’s office, Thank you for supporting the next
we all can have more fruitful interactions
with the seminarians,” Quagliana said. “No generation of holy parish priests.
one person has to be locked up with all of
the meetings and office work.” www.usml.edu/give
“This community fosters
priestly formation. The
outcome of living, studying
and praying together
produces holy, happy,
integrated priests.”
With his classic New Jersey accent, no-
nonsense attitude and mischievous grin
that lets the seminarians know when he’s
working on something good, Quagliana
brings experience and perspective to the
formation team.
“I hope to foster our life together here in
community as brothers,” he said. “This com-
munity fosters priestly formation. The out-
come of living, studying and praying together
produces holy, happy, integrated priests.”
Reflecting on the multiple hats that
Welter wore around the seminary, Pelrine
characterized Welter as “a very hardwork-
ing and serious priest.”
“He had a sense of striving to be excellent,
arete in Greek, and he sought to bring out
that excellence from the seminarians,” Pel-
rine said. “But it was a lot for one person to
do. Father Welter did a really
good job with all of it, but
there was a lot on his plate.”
Following the guidance
of the Holy Spirit, the col-
DEACON laboration of Fathers Pel-
MICHAEL rine, Waithaka, and Deacon
KELLY Quagliana will help guide
is a fourth- Mundelein in the forma-
year theolo-
tion of coming generations
gian studying
for the Diocese of holy and joyful parish
of Yakima. priests.
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Even more, I thought to myself, Wow,
procrastinating on sending out ordination
invitations might be paying off!
Gratefully, Archbishop Michael Jack-
els and our vocations director met with
us. We talked through various scenarios,
but, ultimately, we were given responsi-
bility to reach a decision. My classmates
and I agreed that being ordained on time,
whatever it looked like, would be prefer-
able. We decided that individual ordina-
tions would take place over the course
of a week, one per day, at the cathedral,
with 10 people maximum present. In
total, almost a novena of ordinations!
There was little planning to do, as the
liturgies would be standardized and aus-
tere. I was able to divvy up the 10 people
fairly easily; I know it was more difficult
for those with larger families. I got on
A Socially Distanced social media to announce that I would
be ordained on May 20 and that it would
Ordination
be livestreamed. Many people reached
out and some expressed their regret that
it would be a subdued affair due to the
BY DE AC ON K YL E T IE T Z | 4T, A RC HDIO C E S E OF DU B U Q U E restrictions. I was not very concerned
about this; rather, I was grateful to be
ordained on time. Also, I anticipated that
priesthood ordination next year would
look a little more normal.
The week came and my classmate Jake
Dunne was to be ordained deacon first.
Unable to attend in person, we tuned
The liturgy began unceremoniously, catching me off guard. in to the livestream in the basement.
One minute we were in the sacristy, the next we had processed There he was! It was a joyful experience
in and begun. It was strange without any opening hymn or noise to watch the ordination. Meanwhile, I
was keeping a mental list, OK, what do I
from the congregation. As I approached my seat, I realized that need to remember for tomorrow?
several people had not noticed us enter. I gave my best “Hey, It was difficult to wait all day to be
we’re going!” look, which was met with a bit of surprise. The ordained in the evening, but I took the
day normally. I prayed early and had a
ordination was under way. Holy Hour full of consolation. I came back
to the chapel in the afternoon to pray to
My classmates and I were finishing our seminarians had left campus already, Mary, the Holy Spirit and St. Francis de
Holy Land pilgrimage in March when we though, and we soon followed suit. Sales, one of my favorite saints. Suddenly,
began to hear about the pandemic and I returned to stay at our diocesan semi- it was time to go to the cathedral.
travel restrictions. As Jerusalem began to nary, St. Pius X, in Dubuque. There, we I gathered with my family and the few
empty out, we were one of the few groups joined our brothers in minor seminary others for a small supper before the or-
remaining. In one sense we were grateful and finished our classes online. Soon, dination. We distanced ourselves and
to be able to visit the uncrowded Holy however, we began to wonder what dia- ate Jimmy Johns in the cathedral hall. I
Sepulchre every day. Yet we soon became conate ordination would look like with had suggested Taco Bell (yum!), but that
anxious to return home. Finally, after a the COVID-19 restrictions. Would we be was shot down for inexplicable reasons.
rerouting, a missed flight and a late-night ordained on time? Could we invite peo- Someone likened this subdued ordina-
bus ride, we arrived at Mundelein. Most ple? Where would we hold the liturgy? tion to priests in Russia being ordained
6 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021
Mundelein Ministry
“Sometimes, God works with grand gestures and
ceremony. Other times, he is more subdued, and we may
not recognize that his work has begun. In either case, we
trust in his grace and know that he calls us into service.”
what you believe, and prac- was very grateful to minister as a deacon,
tice what you teach.” an ordained servant of Christ.
A little bit uncertainly, I I am continually grateful for how things
proceeded with the liturgy, played out over the past few months with
preparing the altar and as- ordination and my summer assignment.
sisting during the Eucharis- The greatest challenge was to continually
tic Prayer. There was a lot wait to see what conditions would be like
to think about between the week after week. I was able to approach
Mass parts, wearing a bulky these changes with a peaceful heart, a
dalmatic and operating a face grace of the Holy Spirit. It was a bless-
mask and hand sanitizer. It ing to be ordained for the service of the
was a blessing to give Com- Church, and I look forward
munion to my family as I saw with excitement and hope
the joy upon their faces. Soon for priesthood ordination.
enough, I declared, “Go and Sometimes, God works
announce the Gospel of the with grand gestures and
Lord” and we were done. We KYLE ceremony. Other times, he
underground during the Communist era. had some cookies in celebration. TIETZ is more subdued, and we
As I ate my ham and swiss sandwich, I did The next day, I led Exposition of the is a fourth- may not recognize that his
year theolo-
not feel particularly akin to those who had Blessed Sacrament and did Benediction work has begun. In either
gian studying
given so much more. for the seminarians. I was deacon for for the case, we trust in his grace
The liturgy began without ceremony. My daily Mass and gave a real barn burner Archdiocese and know that he calls us
brother and sister-in-law read the Scrip- of a homily, I’m sure. That weekend, I re- of Dubuque. into service.
tures. I had joked with my dad that he turned to my home parish
would have to cantor, but I asked another to assist at the Mass, which
seminarian instead. Overall, the liturgy was livestreamed. It was the
proceeded quickly, and it came time for feast of the Ascension and I
the ordination. I was elected and made was grateful to be with my
the promise of obedience. home parish, though mostly
Soon enough I was “hitting the marble” virtually.
(or in my case, the carpet), lying down for I was able to be at my
the Litany of the Saints. It was a beauti- summer assignment, St.
ful moment as the company of saints was Francis in Marshalltown,
invited into the liturgy. Unexpectedly, my for 10 weeks. Certainly, I was
arms fell asleep and I realized that I should blessed to assist at Mass, lead
have practiced lying prone beforehand. Benediction and preach. I had
Next was the laying on of hands, and I seven baptisms, all of whom
felt the warmth of the Holy Spirit as the were girls, and all in Span-
archbishop brought his hands down. The ish! An unexpected grace was
prayer of consecration flew by and soon proclaiming the Gospel read-
enough I was a deacon. Standing, I went ing at Mass, which feels dif-
over to be vested in stole and dalmatic by, ferent — weightier — than
a priest I had known since high school. I proclaiming the other read-
then received the Book of Gospels and ings. It was difficult with the
heard these important words: “Receive continued COVID-19 restric-
the Gospel of Christ, whose herald you tions to be unable to meet
have become. Believe what you read, teach many people in person. Yet, I
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Academic Update
men will need to sanitize the desks once
class is over, coronavirus fades into the
background as we listen to and discuss
important topics such as the nature of
priesthood and the seal of confession.
Normally, the entire seminary takes all
their classes in the same building, which
sits between the residence hall and the
library. Due to the space limitations that
social distancing requires, however, we
have utilized new classrooms, including
rooms in the Conference Center and the
Faculty Building.
While the in-class experience has re-
mained largely normal, some professors
have begun using an educational meth-
od known as asynchronous learning. In
classes taught by professors who have
opted to teach according to this method,
one class a week is in-person and an-
Pandemic
other class is taught online. The online
component can be accessed each week at
a time of the student’s choosing.
Academics
In Dr. Steven Smith’s “Psalms and
Wisdom” course for the men in fourth
theology, we are in class at 10:45 a.m.
on Tuesdays as normal. The next class
of the week, which traditionally would
BY DE AC ON JAK E D UNNE | 4T, A RC HDIO C E S E OF DU B U Q U E
have been on Friday at 10:45 a.m., is of-
fered as a series of videos, audio record-
Instead of walking in and plopping down in the normal spots ings, charts and texts on two Microsoft
as we have for the last few years, the seminarians in fourth platforms, Teams and Sway. Most of the
material is on Sway and consists of vid-
theology cautiously walked through the door of classroom 201, eos and audio recordings set in a presen-
known to most as the Music Room, and immediately looked tation that the student can go through
left and right, as if they were about to cross the street. They at his own pace. The student has from
Tuesday evening to Sunday night to lis-
were scanning the room to see if this space in which we have ten to the audio, watch the videos, read
sat countless hours would look like it always had or if we were the readings and then blog on the Teams
entering the bridge of the USS Enterprise. page in a classwide discussion on the
topic of the Psalms.
Last spring, online classes consisted
A pleasant sigh. There is only a tele- entire seminary at the Paluch lectures, of logging into Teams at the usual class
vision unit to the left, with a camera rector addresses, and other events, is time and watching a lecture and engag-
mounted underneath. Moving towards now three-quarters full of just fourth- ing in virtual class discussions, which is
the tables, we notice some wires running year theologians. an identical experience to Zoom meet-
across the front row connecting a series Once class has started, the men sit at ings and sessions on other virtual plat-
of circular microphones set on the desk- their desks, taking notes and listening forms. It amounted to a lot of time spent
tops. Each person looked for the large to the professor as we have always done, on screens. During March and April, the
round blue sticker with a golden cross, only now with masks (and for those faculty were working hard just so that
which we have come to know is a spot with glasses, they see their professors we could finish the semester. While we
we can sit in. One chair at each desk. The through fogged lenses). Other than the were watching live lectures in the spring,
Music Room, which regularly hosts the announcement prior to class that a few Marie Pitt-Payne, director of intellectual
8 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021
formation at Mundelein, and other fac-
ulty members began researching better
methods with two goals in mind: to be
physically present on campus in the fall
and to create a better balance on the
cognitive load of the seminarian. Physi-
cal presence was accomplished by the in-
credible work of Pam Helminski-Devitt,
senior director of events and guests
services, and the staff of Environmental
Services who coated the campus with
stickers, informing seminarians and
faculty how to space themselves, and
provided innumerable dispensers of
hand sanitizer.
Asynchronous learning solved two
aspects of the cognitive load problem.
First, it acknowledged the complexity of
seminarians’ lives, as they are not only
studying but serving in parishes, par- fects the brain in the
ticipating in a robust community life, same way as stress and
and striving to become humanly and overwork. Asynchro-
spiritually deep individuals. By allow- nous learning avoids
ing the student to engage the different staring at screens and
platforms and types of content, asyn- uses technology more
chronous learning provides a level of creatively, decreasing
freedom while trying to achieve learning the stress from exces-
outcomes. Another problem solved by sive screen time.
asynchronous learning is screen fatigue. So what would hap-
Experience from the spring at Mundelein pen if a student were
and research done during this year show to be sick? What if he
that too much time spent on screens af- wanted to remain sep-
arate out of caution?
The television set lurk-
ing to the left in the
front of the room and
the microphones on
the desks would serve their part. An ill Mundelein’s seminarians are grate-
or quarantining student could join the ful to be present on campus and able to
class from his room by logging onto the study, since we are not merely taking
class through Teams. He would see the classes but engaging with the Faith that
professor and watch anything that the we love, and ultimately
professor puts on the screen. The micro- the person of Word made
phones on the desk allow him to hear flesh. Therefore, we will
discussion or questions being posed by be sad when we must be
fellow students. If he wants to contrib- DEACON
off campus in December
ute, he is able to do that by communicat- JAKE (as many campuses are do-
ing through the television set. Therefore, DUNNE ing), but we will continue
even if a student was forced to isolate in is a studies through online
his room due to exposure to coronavi- fourth-year and asynchronous learning
theologian
rus, he would not miss out on any of the studying for
methods, very appreciative
class work and would continue to move the Diocese to continue our journey to-
forward virtually unhindered. of Dubuque. ward the priesthood.
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Campus Life
“A lot of my discernment occurred in a
kayak, either peaceful quiet mornings or
really vigorous, hard training sessions,”
he said. “That’s where I was able to chew
on things, process things, so it was large-
ly between the adoration chapel and the
Come to the Water lake that I discerned to enter seminary.”
After his board interviews for Munde-
lein, De Palma walked around the lake
BY M AT T H E W O CK ING A | 3T, DIO C E SE OF YA K I M A and felt a sense of peace. While honing
his kayaking technique, he simultane-
ously views the lake as an aquatic chapel
where prayer and paddle meet.
“For most of my life, getting off of land
Water contains a fluid spirituality. and being in the water puts me in a dif-
Catholics use it for baptism. Priests bless it. Jesus walked on it. ferent perspective of life that often helps
There is something sacred about any body of water, and me to let go of those worries that I car-
ry when I’m walking,” he said. “Here in
when such an entity is called St. Mary’s Lake, that seems to seminary, being on the water helps me to
elevate the water’s sanctity. see life from a different perspective in a
way that is very freeing and allows me to
come back to my studies and my prayer
“I think the lake is one of the biggest of many, common carp and grass carp. with a different perspective.”
draws and one of the greatest blessings Cotta recalls his first semester of sec- Other seminarians simply enjoy the
we have on campus,” said Deacon Robbie ond theology being especially grueling lake’s beauty and complete
Cotta from the Archdiocese of Atlanta. with classes from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on cer- Holy Hours and rosaries
“It usually puts me in a position interi- tain days. After class, he found physical on the three-mile walking
orly of gratitude, just enjoying creation and spiritual renewal in casting. path around its perimeter.
in its simplicity and its goodness.” “Sometimes, I have to check myself to Some even use it as a set-
In many ways, St. Mary’s Lake is the remind myself that fishing doesn’t take MATTHEW ting for homily prepara-
defining asset of a campus full of distinct the place of prayer time,” Cotta said, OCKINGA tion. Water contains a
is a third-year
beauty and aesthetic delights. A spring- laughing. “But I think there is a spiritual theologian
fluid spirituality, and the
fed lake, it covers approximately 106 aspect to it; sometimes the bite will slow studying for seminarians of Mundelein
acres and ranges in depth from a few feet down … I can just sit down and pray and the Diocese of find St. Mary’s Lake to be
to as much as 18 feet. Originally dubbed do a Rosary.” Yakima. life-giving waters.
Mud Lake due to its swampy nature, it In addition to anglers, paddlers of dif-
became a popular point of recreation be- ferent strokes glide on the lake’s waters.
fore Mundelein Seminary existed. Busi- The boat house that sits on the east edge
nessman Arthur Sheldon purchased the of the lake shelters various vessels, in-
property and changed the name to Lake cluding canoes, rowboats, a sailboat,
Eara. When George Cardinal Mundelein a pontoon boat and kayaks. Two such
purchased the property from Sheldon kayaks belong to John De Palma, a third-
in 1920, he renamed the water to honor year theologian studying for the Arch-
Our Lady. With myriad academic, pasto- diocese of Seattle. De Palma worked as
ral and spiritual duties on their plates, a physical therapist for many years and
seminarians consider the lake’s waters a fell in love with competitive kayaking in
refuge of recreation and prayer. Cashmere and Wenatchee, Washington.
For fishers of men looking to be fishers In 2003, he moved to Gainesville, Geor-
of fish, the lake provides many catch-and- gia, to pursue his kayaking career. He
release candidates. Besides largemouth owned a home on Lake Lanier, where he
bass, St. Mary’s Lake houses catfish, blue- trained as the thought of the priesthood
gill, crappie, sun fish and, to the chagrin entered his heart.
10 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021Faculty Profile
DR. KEVIN
MAGAS
BY L E E NOE L
P T2, DIO C E SE OF C HE YE NNE
This fall, the University of
St. Mary of the Lake faculty
is excited to welcome Dr.
Kevin Magas to its ranks.
Magas is teaching “Principles of
Sacraments/Sacraments of Initiation”
and “Sacraments of Healing and Vocation”
for the seminary, while also leading two
classes for the Liturgical Institute branch
of USML: “Liturgical Movement/Liturgical cal and spiritual renewal that shaped How has your Catholic faith
Year” and “Liturgy of the Hours.” Magas, the vision of the Second Vatican Coun- formed you into the person you
who is the father of two boys with his cil. I study how these movements re- are today?
wife, Victoria, recently graduated from trieved these foundational sources of This is ultimately the mystery of grace
the University of Notre Dame with his the Christian life. I am more interested that Paul attempts to describe when he
Ph.D. in theology/theological studies. He in the questions: Do we really live from talks about life in and with Christ. “It is no
taught at Holy Family College and Silver the liturgies we celebrate? What are the longer I who live, but Christ who lives in
Lake College before arriving at Mundelein. implications for our lives if we took the me” (Gal 2:20) is a favorite verse of mine.
From theological interests and academic words, gestures and prayers of the litur- When I have been incorporated into Christ
inspirations to family life, Magas brings gy seriously? What does the “eucharistic through baptism and live out the promises
a balance of valuable experience to form” of the Christian life actually look of my baptism in the world, then Christ is
Mundelein’s faculty. like lived out in my time, place, culture? the lens through which I see the world and
live my day to day life. When Christ takes
What interested you about being a Do you have any fun hobbies with away the cataracts of sin from my eyes, I
professor at Mundelein? your family? can see the world rightly and live doxologi-
Theology for me has always been more My children are small (4 and 2) and cally “for the praise of his glory.” (Eph 1:6)
than an academic exercise. I see it above all we enjoy taking them to the usual places: I suppose this is just a theological way of
as an invitation to build up the Church in zoo, library, going on walks, biking, go- saying that it has formed me at the deep-
love and share the fruits of one’s contem- ing to the beach … But more than “doing est levels of my being, shaping my out-
plation. The seminary context of USML things” with my kids, I just like being in look and way of living in the world and
makes explicit the fact that theology is at their presence and “wasting time,” so to loving others.
service of the pastoral life of the Church. speak, with them.
It’s a place which facilitates the integra- Outside of time spent with my family, Cubs or White Sox?!
tion between theological study and the I enjoy lifting weights/strength training. I am tempted to an-
spiritual life. I find the relationship between the spiri- swer with the Catholic
tual disciplines of the ascetical life and L E E N OE L “both/and” here. But my
Do you have specific areas of study the rigors of physical training to be mu- is a second- family and my wife’s
year pre-
within Liturgical Theology that tually enriching. theologian
family have roots in the
pique your interest? studying for south side of Chicago,
My main area of study is in the 20th the Diocese of which I cannot betray.
century movements of biblical, liturgi- Cheyenne. White Sox.
www.usml.edu | br id ge@usml.edu | Follow us on Twitter @mundeleinsem 11Faculty Profile
introspection with spiritual discernment
and prayer greatly interests her.
Dr. Juliana While she is new to Mundelein, Vazquez
Krivsky is familiar with the professorial role
Vazquez Krivsky
and the territory of teaching philosophy
and theology. Before joining the faculty at
USML, she had experience teaching an “In-
troduction to Theology” class and a class in
BY SE T H A R NOL D | 3T, DIO C E SE OF W IC H I TA
“Prayer and Mysticism” at Marquette. This
past spring, she taught Catholic “Social
Teaching” and a philosophy class on “know-
Although life is all but mostly normal at Mundelein Seminary, ing and being” to master’s level lay leaders
in the Cor Unum program at Sacred Heart
one thing that has been different is the lack of opportunity for Seminary in Hales Corners, Wisconsin.
students to engage with new faculty and staff members. Dr. Growing up in the western suburbs,
Juliana Vazquez Krivsky is one of the new faces who, despite the Vazquez Krivsky was always aware of
importance she plays in Mundelein’s mission of forming parish Mundelein’s presence as one of the na-
tion’s largest Catholic seminaries, so she
priests, may be unfamiliar to the seminary community. Vazquez is honored to participate in the formation
Krivsky has spent her first semester on staff at Mundelein teaching of future priests, which she sees as an op-
philosophy via Microsoft Teams to the men in the Pre-Theology portunity to “touch the very heart and
program. Nevertheless, she is thrilled to be a part of the Mundelein future of our Church and our world.” She
was attracted to the “vision of education
community and is grateful for the warm welcome and sincere as a path to wisdom and happiness rather
kindness she has received. than a mere repository of factual infor-
mation.” Vazquez Krivsky is very excited
Vazquez Krivsky hails Vazquez Krivsky about “the idea of intellectual formation
from the Chicago suburb went to school in as it intersects with the human, spiritual,
of Lombard, Illinois. She neighboring Milwau- and pastoral dimensions of formation.”
describes herself as “a sub- kee, receiving both a In her experience so far at Mundelein,
urban girl at heart” and has master’s and doctor- Vazquez Krivsky is elated by her students’
many fond memories of ate degree in system- thirst for knowledge and their ability to
growing up in western Chi- atic theology through collaborate, to critically discuss pastoral
cagoland. During these nov- Marquette University. and practical implications of philoso-
el times, she enjoys drink- While studying at Mar- phy, and to make connections between
ing coffee, going for walks quette, she developed philosophy and the life of faith. She has
in the park, catching up a specialization around been impressed by the charity and pa-
with friends and browsing the 20th century Je- tience displayed by all members of the
petfinder.com for a possible “...she is honored to suit thinker Bernard University of Saint Mary of the Lake and
pet dog. She has also used participate in the Lonergan, as well as is looking forward to being back on cam-
these months to dive into formation of future Aquinas, philosophical pus as soon as possible. “To think that I
Joseph Pieper’s Leisure: The priests, which she sees anthropology, Trinitar- could contribute in even a
Basis of Culture. She has a as an opportunity to ian theology and grace small way to the comfort a
love for poetry and Russian and conversion. Cog- parishioner might receive
“touch the very heart
literature and would enjoy nitional theory is of a from their pastor during
and future of our
getting back into horse- particular interest to a crisis, the wise counsel
back riding, something she Church and our world.” Vazquez Krivsky, and a penitent might benefit
SETH
greatly enjoyed in the past. she hopes to explore ARNOLD from in the confessional,
There are many Midwestern landmarks further how current theories of trauma in- is a or the conversion experi-
third-year
she would like to visit, including Starved tersect with various theologies of healing ence of someone who may
theologian
Rock State Park, the Dunes State Park in and conversion narratives. The strong con- studying for have felt abandoned by God
Indiana and Devil’s Lake and the Apostle nection between the human sense of awe the Diocese is incredibly rewarding and
Islands in Wisconsin. and wonder produced by philosophical of Wichita. humbling,” she said.
12 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021Faculty Profile
Building Bridges, Forming Pastors: A Conversation with
Dr. Mark Therrien
BY M AT T HE W G E M B RO WS K I | 2 T, DIO C E S E OF S AG I N AW
In any intellectual discipline, there is the danger of keeping that is Jesus Christ. It will embed in him
a deep, personal relationship with Christ
one’s knowledge so wrapped up in high language and abstract from which his entire ministry will flow.
philosophy that it never becomes accessible to a wider audience. Lastly, it will equip him with the tools
Theology is no different. There’s a certain skill set that’s necessary necessary to skillfully shepherd his peo-
ple through life’s journey.
to translate sometimes archaic patristic teachings or lofty Church All of this is impossible, however, if the
doctrines into concrete formulae that can be used in everyday life. manner of delivering Church teaching
As he enters his first academic semester at Mundelein Seminary can’t be tailored to the needs of parish-
ioners, that “bridge work” Dr. Therrien is
as assistant professor of dogmatic theology, Dr. Mark Therrien so passionate about. “The seminary,” he
sees plenty of opportunity to do just that. said, “is kind of a natural place to contin-
ue that work. I’m now training men who
“I don’t like the ivory tower, in the are going to be on the front lines of our
sense that oftentimes theology can parishes, and its good to know that I can
seem rarified and divorced from Church take what I’ve gained from the Church
life,” Therrien said. “I’ve always been Fathers and tradition and distill that
very attracted to working as a bridge to people who are on the front lines so
between the two.” they can have the resources they need to
Having received his doctorate in the his- think theologically for the pastoral care
tory of Christianity from the University of of God’s people.”
Notre Dame in August of 2019, Mundelein During his first academic year at Mun-
Seminary will be Dr. Therrien’s first full- delein, Dr. Therrien will be teaching cours-
time teaching appointment — but he’s no es in “Spiritual Theology,” “Philosophy and
stranger to ministry in the Church. “Even Religion,” “The Principles of Vatican II,”
when I was at Notre Dame, I was working and an “Introduction to the New Testa-
with the McGrath Institute for Church Life, ment.” He belongs to the Ukrainian-Greco
which has lots of programs that interact Catholic Church and attends Immaculate
with dioceses and parishes. So, in the sum- Conception Parish in Palatine, Illinois. He
mer, I was training people how to teach and his wife recently welcomed their first
catechetics in their parishes, how to use the daughter in October. Please pray for Dr.
Catechism as a document.” For him, the field Therrien and the seminarians he will be
of theology cannot remain an intellectual teaching. In his own words:
pursuit. Theologians have the responsibil- Here at Mundelein, as in every Catho- “The need to train men as
ity to “build bridges” and be able to answer lic seminary, every aspect of a seminar- parish priests, equipping
the question of the discerning Christian: ian’s life is geared toward the four di- them with the fullness of
“What does this mean for my life?” mensions of priestly formation: Human, the tradition and being
Having spent two years in a seminary Intellectual, Spiritual and Pastoral. The MAT THEW able to pass that on in a
himself after college, Dr. Therrien knows a seminarian must grow in all areas of his GEM- way that is coherent in the
thing or two about the intricacies of semi- life so as to be a true model of Christ to BROWSKI modern world, could not
nary life. “You’re not just here for intellec- his future parishioners. When taken se- is a be greater than right now.
second-year
tual formation, there’s also the spiritual riously, formation will enhance his hu- I consider myself a man of
theologian
formation, the human formation and the man personality and make it a bridge for studying for the Church and am hon-
integration of these things. I know that others to encounter Christ. It will shape the Diocese ored to work with her in
my class fits within a wider trajectory.” his mind and conform it to the Truth of Saginaw. such an intimate way.”
www.usml.edu | br id ge@usml.edu | Follow us on Insta g ram @mundeleinsem 13From the Diocese
With its vast space and topographic
diversity, it is no wonder such a diverse
community calls the Diocese of Tucson
home. An area of almost 43,000 square
miles, with more than 300,000 Catho-
lics, Tucson is both large and incredibly
diverse. The Diocese of Tucson is the
fifth-largest in the geographic United
States and borders California on the
westernmost edge the Diocese of Phoe-
nix to the north, New Mexico to the
east, and Mexico to the south. The entire
southern border happens to sit on the
U.S./Mexico border and contains six of
On A Mission the state’s 10 “ports of entry,” as well as
three military installations. Additionally,
Tucson is home to several Native Ameri-
to Serve can communities, including the Akimel
O’odham, the Tohono O’odham, the Pi-
ipaash and the White Mountain Apache
Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation.
BY R IC H A R D R I V E R A | 3T, DIO C E SE OF T U C S ON Missionary roots
Around 1687, Father Eusebio Kino, SJ
Waking up early one morning, I sat in near silence as established his first mission among the
rural people of Sonora at Nuestra Se-
the sun rose over the copper-colored beams that form the nora de los Dolores. Eventually, that site
wall between Arizona and Mexico. As the colors of the became the home base for his explora-
sky changed, life started moving and the warmth of the tions, as well as for the establishment of
other missions, including Arizona’s San
sun seemed to make itself present in the smiles of people Xavier del Bac, Tumacacori and Guevavi
walking past. It was as if an old friend was greeting me, over missions. While it was common for mis-
and over. That is when I recognized that I had fallen in love sionaries to impose the faith on others,
Kino took a different model, one of pro-
with the Diocese of Tucson. posal. The commonly named “accomo-
dationalist model” used by Kino made
Talk to enough people about what him a friend who emphasized the good
drew them to Southern Arizona, and in their native cultures. Through loving
someone will usually mention the dra- service, Kino shared the Gospel with the
matic landscape, with its impressive native people.
mountains, and the almost alien quality Today he is often called the “Apostle
the desert displays at sunrise or sun- of the Southwest” because of his great
set. Getting out into the desert, with its service and ministry to the people he
splendor and harshness, looking up at lived with and encountered. Famously,
the evening sunset, the star-filled sky at Kino defended the native people and
night or just staring at the magnitude of even risked his life for their good. He
a saguaro, can almost be a religious expe- introduced new ways of living, adapting
rience. Yes, it’s a cliche,’ but 10 months their culture and understanding of the
out of the year the weather is amazing. world around them. For Kino, mission
While it does get brutally hot, I’ll gladly was found in a simple question: What
take 115 degrees and dry over 95 with 90 if Christ was incarnate today, here to
percent humidity. these people?
14 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021where two worldviews are
still colliding and yet live in
harmony. “While the landscape
Mundelein has a tradi- draws me into awe of
tion of sending men in pre- God’s transcendence,
theology to serve at the To-
the people humble me
hono O’odham Reservation,
in Tucson, for a week during as they remind me of
spring semester. During my His immanence.”
internship, I had the op-
portunity to visit a group of
my brother seminarians on migrants. I have experienced ministries
Life of mission their mission trip. As I walked around like this in the past, but never with such
Kino’s style is still the root experience the grounds and became familiar with intentional compassion. The comedor, or
of anyone serving the diocese today. the Franciscans dedicated to that com- dining room, filled every hour with a wave
Someone can dedicate their entire lives munity, I was impressed to find modern of new people, and each time it was the
serving in one of our many reservations, “Father Kinos” at work. Their first con- same: The volunteers had the same wel-
caring for those who first called this cern was to care for the needs of others, coming spirit, the same high energy, the
place home. In the Tucson desert, we building bridges through service. Their same intentional care for each individual.
still find a dynamic experience of faith, example stirred in my heart a deeper Each wave of people had the same experi-
understanding of what it means to lay ence as the first. Every hour was served as
down one’s life for a friend. if it was the only hour of the day.
Just a few weeks later, a member of I’ve fallen in love with the Diocese
“I found myself the seminary faculty arrived to perform of Tucson. While the landscape draws
most humbled, and a “mid-term checkup.” More than just me into awe of God’s transcendence,
inspired, during an evaluation, this visit provided an op- the people humble me as
the two days we portunity to participate in service out- they remind me of His
side my parish boundaries. I found my- immanence. Someone
spent working with
self most humbled, and inspired, during once told me, “You know
the Kino Border the two days we spent working with the you love someone when
Initiative, which Kino Border Initiative, which focuses on RICHARD you see their face every-
focuses on service service to those seeking to immigrate to RIVERA where you look.” Thanks
the United States. is a to the missionary zeal of
to those seeking third-year
to immigrate to the The missionaries perform their min- Father Kino, I see Jesus
theologian
istry in the spirit of Kino. Everything studying for in the faces I meet, in a
United States.”
from food to clothing and even tempo- the Diocese landscape that proclaims
rary shelter is provided for displaced im- of Tucson. God’s glory.
www.usml.edu | br id ge@usml.edu | Follow us on Facebook at facebook .com/mundeleinsem 15Forming
priests in a
Pandemic
BY J O SE PH NGU Y E N | 3 T, DIO C E S E OF S A N JO S E
In early March of 2020, Mundelein Seminary faced a challenge On Friday, March 13, the decision was
that the world had never seen before: the COVID-19 pandemic. made to send the seminarians back to
their home dioceses. The third theology
As the seminary developed ways to respond, it stayed focused class, which was still on pilgrimage in the
on its mission to form priests who could react to the changing Holy Land, returned to the United States
pastoral dynamics across the country. the week after the decision. The other
institutes on campus — the Institute
Throughout the early months of 2020, “It was a big decision to send people for Pastoral Leadership, the Liturgical
Father John Kartje, rector/president of home, but we were from such a large Institute, the Instituto de Liderazgo
Mundelein Seminary, kept a close eye on geographical area, I knew that if an Pastoral and the Institute for Diaconal
the developments of the coronavirus as ultimate lockdown order for everybody Studies — also simultaneously suspended
it made its way into the United States came out, it would be hard for guys to get in-person classes. All classes changed
and especially when it arrived in Chicago. home,” Kartje said. from the in-person format into online
16 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021Cover Story
social media for the “I didn’t see bitterness or a sense of
parish and enhancing disappointment,” Kartje said. “Sure,
its digital presence, they may have had hopes or thoughts
helping with religious that it would have looked different, but I
education at the did see a profound sense of what it really
parish, and home visits means to be Church. At the core of this
to deliver groceries. life they’re called to, it’s not about how
Seminarians also many people are in the cathedral on their
learned other aspects ordination day.”
of rectory living such as Reflecting on first Masses he witnessed,
how to live in Christian Kartje was similarly encouraged.
community with the “I found particularly moving a number
priests they were with of first Masses where it would be just
and making use of the priest and a concelebrant or two,
the time in shelter in and maybe 20 people in the church,
place for deeper prayer an incredible joy and gratitude for
and interiority. Many living into that new charism, and as I
seminarians found this witnessed each one of those, I felt even
learning. A brief hiatus time to be fruitful in personal growth more encouraged and grateful for the
was made so that the and a better vision of what it meant to be Church that these men were going out
seminary faculty could a parish priest, as well as gaining more to live their vocation … that manifested
adjust to the new format formation in pastoral service. the fullness and the glory of what the
of teaching. Then, the The pandemic also affected ordinations. Church is all about.”
week of March 23, classes Due to uncertainty about how the Mundelein Seminary continued to
resumed for the seminary situation would affect large Masses, many reach out to the community throughout
as well as for the other dioceses chose to postpone ordinations, the summer. Kartje held an online Bible
institutes online. Using or hold them with fewer people present. study dealing with how to live in the
the Microsoft Teams Deacon Joby Joseph, studying for the St. midst of uncertainty. Father Bradley
software, seminarians Thomas Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese Zamora, director of worship, recorded
and students of the other of Chicago, had his diaconate ordination musical reflections as a way of doing
institutes connected with postponed from May to July. In spite of online ministry. The May Crowning
their professors from having to wait longer, Joseph found in was moved to the virtual platform,
across the country and this time the ability to prepare more for with many seminarians from across the
continued their studies his ordination. Staying at a parish during country taking part with music, prayers
online. shelter-in-place and during the summer, and readings. The fundraising event was
“It was a challenge,” the deacon spent his time in prayer, held online as well on July 16, honoring
Kartje said. “We were reflection, and study as he was
trying to get up to waiting for the day to come.
speed with remote learning.” “Our (ordained) life won’t
In spite of the seminarians being necessarily be comfortable, but
spread across the country, and the will still be beautiful,” he said,
faculty having to teach without students adding that he was “able to
in the physical classroom, a spirit of ground myself in Christ, and to
generosity and patience was present really ask myself the question of
among all. Many seminarians now spent whether or not I believe this is
much of their time living in parishes. something important to give my
One benefit of this arrangement was the life to going forward.”
ability for seminarians to do more hands- Kartje noted that the
on pastoral work, and to find new ways ordinandi had an attitude of
of doing ministry creatively. Some of greater understanding of what it
these methods included helping parishes meant to be a priest for the Body
with livestreaming Masses, posting on of Christ.
www.usml.edu | br id ge@usml.edu | Follow us on Twitter @mundeleinsem 17Cover Story
in the Chapel of were established to ensure the safety
St. John Paul II. of the students. Microsoft Teams now
Masses would be supplements the classroom experience,
held simultaneously providing a means for students or
in both chapels, and faculty who need to quarantine to
seminarians would continue to participate in class where
be seated with their it becomes necessary. A new style of
cams. Masses for teaching developed as well. Teachers have
the whole seminary “synchronous days” where the traditional
community were to in-person class was held, while offsetting
be held within the it with “asynchronous days” where the
auditorium. The teacher would teach online and post a
Cardinal Mundelein lecture for the students to watch. In these
Auditorium, which ways, the learning experience has also
“For the faculty and had the most capacity of any building on changed in a unique and flexible manner.
administration, the summer was campus, was transformed from a theater In looking back at the past few months,
also a busy time planning for into a sacred space, with the stage turned both seminarians and faculty found that
and preparing for the return of into a sanctuary and the historic Wurlitzer this was an experience of creativity and
theater organ finding a new purpose as service, and that it proved the formation
the seminarians to the campus. a liturgical instrument. In addition, the at Mundelein Seminary bore fruit.
Changes were being made, seminary created new sanitizing protocols “Watching what the seminary
especially in the liturgy, dining and added hand sanitizer stations and community did as they were sent to
and classroom experience.” socially distant seating. Spots were their home parishes in their home
marked with blue stickers with a cross on dioceses I think prove that we have a
it in the chapels and the auditorium. As program in which we want our men
Msgr. Michael Boland and featuring the semester began, the community was to be creative, to take the tools, the
speeches by Cardinal Blaise Cupich and able to adjust smoothly and successfully to formation that we give them and to put
Kartje. Throughout the summer, the the new schedule. it into practice in real settings,” Zamora
priests who remained on campus prayed Dining also changed at the seminary. said. “And I think from
at Mass for the intentions and prayer The refectory continues to provide what I’ve seen, both
requests submitted online. The seminary food for the community, though it now from the seminarians
also continued to provide resources and comes in the form of takeout. Boxes of who now have returned
prayers for those who needed them. entrees and salads are now standard, as to Mundelein Seminary,
For the faculty and administration, the well as carry-out drinks and utensils. J O S EPH and from priests who are
summer was also a busy time planning There is some limited seating within the NGUYEN in their home dioceses
is a third-year
for and preparing for the return of the refectory itself, though outdoor seating theologian
across the United States,
seminarians to the campus. Changes is available across the campus including studying for creativity is something
were being made, especially in the at the recently made patio on the north the Diocese of they’ve really leaned
liturgy, dining and classroom experience. side of the Theology Building. San Jose. into in this moment.”
In planning the new liturgy and Resuming seminary life
procedures, Zamora looked for ways to involved preparation for
follow the guidelines of the state of Illinois any situation that might
as well as the Archdiocese of Chicago. turn up within the semester.
One of the main concerns in doing this Returning to the physical
was balancing the need of having the classroom meant taking
seminary community pray together necessary precautions. One
while maintaining use of the chapels on classroom was assigned
campus. A solution was found in having to each cohort as their
liturgies in three spaces. During most main meeting space.
days of the week, seminarians would be Mundelein staff socially
split into two cohorts, one in the Chapel distanced the desks and
of the Immaculate Conception, the other disinfectant procedures
18 T he Br id ge | Fall 2020/Winter 2021You can also read
