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Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
• Founder/Owner ‐ Academy Hour
AMY MORGAN, MSC • Master’s in Counseling, B.S. Behavioral Sciences
• Earning Doctorate of Educ. – Global Trng. & Curr. Dev.
• Member, Mental Health Committee: Int’l Public Safety Association
• Curr. Dev./Instructor for International Public Safety Association
• Curr. Dev./Instructor for Justice Clearinghouse
• Previously Training Officer for OSBI
• Curriculum Developer & Instructor for CLEET
• Instructional Systems Designer/Trainer for FAA
Presenting for • Writer of published therapy resource workbooks & training
curriculum / books on Amazon
• Certified trainer: ASIST‐Applied Suicide Intv. Skills Trng.
• Certified trainer: QPR‐Question Persuade Refer
• CPI Non‐Violent Physical Crisis Intervention Trainer
• Oklahoma Supreme Court Mediator
February 13, 2018 • Mensa USA & Mensa Oklahoma achievement
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Photo # 1 Photo # 2
Ophidiophobia – The fear of snakes
Recognizing Mental Disorders
& Illnesses in Others:
PHOBIAS
Diagnostic Criteria (Specific Phobia)
A. Marked fear or anxiety about a F. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes
specific object or situation (e.g. flying, clinically significant distress or
heights, animals, receiving an impairment in social, occupational, or
injection, seeing blood). Note: In other important areas of functioning.
children, the fear or anxiety may be G. The disturbance is not better
expressed by crying, tantrums, explained by the symptoms of
freezing, or clinging. another mental disorder, including
B. The phobic object or situation almost fear, anxiety, and avoidance of
always provokes immediate fear or situations associated with panic‐like
anxiety. symptoms or other incapacitating
C. The phobic object or situation is symptoms (as in agoraphobia);
actively avoided or endured with objects or situations related to
intense fear or anxiety. obsessions (as in obsessive‐
D. The fear or anxiety is out of compulsive disorder); reminders of
proportion to the actual danger posed traumatic events (as in posttraumatic
by the specific object or situation and stress disorder); separation from
to the sociocultural context. home or attachment figures (as in
E. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is separation anxiety disorder); or social
persistent, typically lasting for 6 situations (as in social anxiety
months or more. disorder).
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Types
• Arachnophobia – The fear of spiders affects women four times more (48% women and 12% men).
• Ophidiophobia – The fear of snakes. Phobics avoid certain cities because they have more snakes.
• Acrophobia – The fear of heights. Five percent of the general population suffer from this phobia.
• Agoraphobia – The fear of open or crowded spaces. People with this fear often wont leave home.
• Cynophobia – The fear of dogs. This includes everything from small Poodles to large Great Danes.
• Astraphobia – The fear of thunder/lightning AKA Brontophobia, Tonitrophobia, Ceraunophobia.
• Claustrophobia – The fear of small spaces like elevators, small rooms and other enclosed spaces.
• Mysophobia – The fear of germs. It is also rightly termed as Germophobia or Bacterophobia.
• Aerophobia – The fear of flying. 25 million Americans share a fear of flying.
• Trypophobia – The fear of holes is an unusual but pretty common phobia.
• Carcinophobia – The fear of cancer. People with this develop extreme diets.
• Thanatophobia – The fear of death. Even talking about death can be hard.
• Glossophobia – The fear of public speaking. Not being able to do speeches.
• Monophobia – The fear of being alone. Even while eating and/or sleeping.
• Atychiphobia – The fear of failure. It is the single greatest barrier to success.
• Ornithophobia – The fear of birds. Individuals suffering from this may only fear certain species.
• Alektorophobia – The fear of chickens. You may have this phobia if chickens make you panic.
• Enochlophobia – The fear of crowds is closely related to Ochlophobia and Demophobia.
• Aphenphosmphobia – The fear of intimacy. Fear of being touched and love.
• Trypanophobia – The fear of needles. I used to fear needles (that and death).
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Types • Anthropophobia – The fear of people. Being afraid of people in all situations. • Aquaphobia – The fear of water. Being afraid of water or being near water. • Autophobia – The fear of abandonment and being abandoned by someone. • Hemophobia – The fear of blood. Even the sight of blood can cause fainting. • Gamophobia – The fear of commitment or sticking with someone to the end. • Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia – The fear of long words. Believe it or not, it’s real. • Xenophobia – The fear of the unknown. Fearing anything or anyone that is strange or foreign. • Vehophobia – The fear of driving. This phobia affects personal and work life. • Basiphobia – The fear of falling. Some may even refuse to walk or stand up. • Achievemephobia – The fear of success. The opposite to the fear of failure. • Theophobia – The fear of God causes an irrational fear of God or religion. • Ailurophobia – The fear of cats. This phobia is also known as Gatophobia. • Metathesiophobia – The fear of change. Sometimes change is a good thing. • Globophobia – The fear of balloons. They should be fun, but not for phobics. • Nyctophobia – The fear of darkness. Being afraid of the dark or the night is common for kids. • Androphobia – The fear of men. Usually seen in younger females, but it can also affect adults. • Phobophobia – The fear of fear. The thought of being afraid of objects/situations. • Philophobia – The fear of love. Being scared of falling in love or emotions. • Triskaidekaphobia – The fear of the number 13 or the bad luck that follows. Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Types
• Emetophobia – The fear of vomiting and the fear of loss of your self control.
• Gephyrophobia – The fear of bridges and crossing even the smallest bridge.
• Entomophobia – The fear of bugs and insects, also related to Acarophobia.
• Lepidopterophobia – The fear of butterflies and often most winged insects.
• Panophobia – The fear of everything or fear that terrible things will happen.
• Podophobia – The fear of feet. Some people fear touching or looking at feet, even their own.
• Paraskevidekatriaphobia – The fear of Friday the 13th. About 8% of Americans have this phobia.
• Somniphobia – The fear of sleep. Being terrified of what might happen right after you fall asleep.
• Gynophobia – The fear of women. May occur if you have unresolved mother issues.
• Apiphobia – The fear of bees. Many people fear being stung by angry bees.
• Koumpounophobia – The fear of buttons. Clothes with buttons are avoided.
• Anatidaephobia – The fear of ducks. Somewhere, a duck is watching you.
• Pyrophobia – The fear of fire. A natural/primal fear that can be debilitating.
• Ranidaphobia – The fear of frogs. Often caused by episodes from childhood.
• Galeophobia – The fear of sharks in the ocean or even in swimming pools.
• Athazagoraphobia – The fear of being forgotten or not remembering things.
• Katsaridaphobia – The fear of cockroaches. This can easily lead to an excessive cleaning disorder.
• Iatrophobia – The fear of doctors. Do you delay doctor visits? You may have this.
• Pediophobia – The fear of dolls. This phobia could well be Chucky-induced.
• Ichthyophobia – The fear of fish. Includes small, large, dead and living fish.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersTypes
• Achondroplasiaphobia – The fear of midgets. Because they look differently.
• Mottephobia – The fear of moths. These insects are only beautiful to some.
• Zoophobia – The fear of animals. Applies to both vile and harmless animals.
• Bananaphobia – The fear of bananas. If you have this phobia, they are scary.
• Sidonglobophobia – The fear of cotton balls or plastic foams. Oh that sound.
• Scelerophobia – The fear of crime involves being afraid of burglars, attackers or crime in general.
• Cibophobia – The fear of food. The phobia may come from a bad episode while eating, like choking.
• Phasmophobia – The fear of ghosts. AKA Spectrophobia. Who you gonna call? Ghostbusters!
• Equinophobia – The fear of horses. Animal phobias are pretty common, especially for women.
• Musophobia – The fear of mice. Some people find mice cute, but phobics don’t.
• Catoptrophobia – The fear of mirrors. Being afraid of what you might see.
• Agliophobia – The fear of pain. Being afraid something painful will happen.
• Tokophobia – The fear of pregnancy involves giving birth or having children.
• Telephonophobia – The fear of talking on the phone. Phobics prefer texting.
• Pogonophobia – The fear of beards or being scared of/around bearded men.
• Omphalophobia – The fear of belly buttons. Touching and looking at navels.
• Pseudodysphagia – The fear of choking often after a bad eating experience.
• Bathophobia – The fear of depths can be anything associated with depth (lakes, tunnels, caves).
• Cacomorphobia – The fear of fat people. Induced by the media. Affects some anorexics/bulimics.
• Gerascophobia – The fear of getting old. Aging is the most natural thing, yet many of us fear it.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersTypes
• Chaetophobia – The fear of hair. Phobics tend to be afraid of other peoples hair.
• Nosocomephobia – The fear of hospitals. Let’s face it, no one likes hospitals.
• Ligyrophobia – The fear of loud noises. More than the instinctive noise fear.
• Didaskaleinophobia – The fear of school. This phobia affects kids mostly.
• Technophobia – The fear of technology is often induced by culture/religion.
• Chronophobia – The fear of the future. A persistent fear of what is to come.
• Spheksophobia – The fear of wasps. You panic and fear getting stung by it.
• Ergophobia – The fear of work. Often due to social or performance anxiety.
• Coulrophobia – The fear of clowns. Some people find clowns funny, coulrophobics certainly don’t.
• Allodoxaphobia – The fear of opinions. Being afraid of hearing what others are thinking of you.
• Samhainophobia – The fear of Halloween affects children/superstitious people.
• Photophobia – The fear of light caused by something medical or traumatic.
• Disposophobia – The fear of getting rid of stuff triggers extreme hoarding.
• Numerophobia – The fear of numbers and the mere thought of calculations.
• Ombrophobia – The fear of rain. Many fear the rain due to stormy weather.
• Coasterphobia – The fear of roller coasters. Ever seen Final Destination 3?
• Thalassophobia – The fear of the ocean. Water, waves and unknown spaces.
• Scoleciphobia – The fear of worms. Often because of unhygienic conditions.
• Kinemortophobia – The fear of zombies. Being afraid that zombies attack and turn you into them.
• Myrmecophobia – The fear of ants. Not as common as Arachnophobia, but may feel just as intense.
• Taphophobia – The fear of being buried alive by mistake and waking up in a coffin underground.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersMost common disorders & illnesses • Schizophrenia • Phobias • PTSD/Trauma • Obsessive‐Compulsive • Bipolar • Narcissism • Depression • Anxiety/Panic • Personality Disorders • Suicide Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Schizophrenia Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
What Does It Feel Like To
Have Schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia, which typically
begins in early adulthood (age
15‐30), is a chronic brain
disorder with symptoms that
may include
• Delusions
• Hallucinations
• Disorganized speech
• Grossly disorganized or
catatonic behavior
• Diminished emotional
expression
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersHow to Interact:
• Don't argue. Ask questions about the person's fears, and talk to the person about the paranoia if the person wants to
listen to you. If someone is threatening you, don’t antagonize or pursue conflict.
• Use simple directions, if needed. Tell the person that no harm will come to him or her and that you can help. For
example, "Sit down, and let's talk about it."
• Give the person enough personal space so that he or she does not feel trapped or surrounded. Stay with the person but
at a distance that is comfortable for him or her and you. Stay more than an arm's reach away.
• Call for help if you think anyone is in danger.
• Move the person away from the cause of the fear or from noise and activity, if possible. Ask the person to tell you what
is causing the fear. Make a direct statement that you are not afraid.
• Focus the person on what is real.
• Tell the person everything you are going to do before you do it. For example, "I'm going to take out my cell phone."
• To help with situations that may cause paranoia:
• Help the person avoid things he or she fears. For example, if the person is afraid of dogs, avoid them.
• Keep lights turned on if the person tells you that this makes him or her less scared.
• Talk about the person's fears when he or she is not paranoid, and make a plan for handling the fears when they
occur.
• Help the person make a list of his or her fears. At the end, consider asking the person to write, "These things are
not going to hurt me. These fears are symptoms of my illness. They will go away if I seek help." Don't insist that the
person does this. Doing so may make the person include you as part of the paranoid belief.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersBipolar Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Bipolar Disorder:
• Extreme mood swings
• Severely depressive
• Manic (up/hyper)
• Suicidal
• Psychosis- hallucinations, etc.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersScene one hospital room: A mother is talking to her daughter who is in a dysphoric manic and psychotic episode – a common mood swing for someone with bipolar disorder one. The daughter has two young girls she raises on her own. When it became obvious her dysphoric mania and psychosis were out of control, her daughters went to stay with her mother while she received treatment. The mother is very scared and upset with her daughter. She is a bit angry too. She just can’t understand why her daughter can’t see that she is losing so much because of how she is acting. The daughter just told her that she wants to die. Mom: I just don’t understand how you can say you want to kill yourself. There are so many people who need you! What about your two beautiful baby girls I have at home? Don’t they mean anything to you? Why are you crying? Why are you doing this to us? We love you and we want you to come home. Why would you want to kill yourself? What about your little girls‐ what kind of mother leaves their little girls? Daughter: Are you telling me again that I am a bad mother? I love my children. I love them! I just do not want to live here in the hospital. I want you to buy me an apartment so that we can all live together. There are mirrors everywhere in this place and they are listening to us talk. Mom:(Starts to cry) I can’t afford an apartment! You know that. I would like to, but I can’t. We have to economize right now. We have to be careful. Daughter: You always tell me we can’t do this we can’t do that. It is because you are drinking every night! Mom: (shocked) What? What? Drinking? What are you talking about? I am at home with your kids! Daughter: I know that you drink mom. Every night. I know what happens! Mom: Why are you saying these things to me? Why? What have I done? I am taking care of your children! Why are you doing this? Daughter: We need to know the truth. You are an alcoholic. The mother looks at her daughter and suddenly slaps her hard in the face. When she realizes what she has done she runs out of the room crying.
Scene Two Hospital Room: A daughter who is in the hospital tells her mom she wants to kill herself. The mom is scared and worried, but she knows that this is completely normal behavior for someone who is in a dysphoric manic and psychotic episode and is the reason her daughter had to leave her two young girls with her so that she could get the treatment she needs. Mom: I know you want to kill yourself. You have had so much stress lately and you have an illness that causes you to say these things. It scares me when you say them, but I understand you. Tell me what your doctor says when you say you want to kill yourself. Are you getting help? Daughter: He says I will get better when I take the medication. But I don’t want to take it mom. I want to get out of here. I want an apartment! (She is crying) Mom: (Crying) That really makes sense. (She hugs her daughter) It must be so hard for you to live here, but you are here because you have an illness and you have to get help. The girls are fine with me and we are waiting until you get out so that we can be together. Daughter: But I need an apartment. I will just kill myself if I have to stay here! Mom: I know that you are so frustrated. But we do not have the money for another apartment. I would get you an apartment if I could. What can we do as an alternative? Daughter: We have no money because you drink mom. You drink all the money. Every night. Mom: (Very shocked and upset by this lie from her daughter, but she remembers that this is normal when her daughter is psychotic, so she does not react to what her daughter says.) I know your mind is telling you that right now. But I know that you have lived with me and you have not seen me drink. I know that you are not really saying those things. It is the illness. Are you stressed right now? How can I help you? Daughter: Help me get out of here! Help me get an apartment! There are mirrors and people are talking. Mom: I understand why you feel this way. It is different here, but I know you are getting the help you need. We have talked about the apartment enough for now and I want to talk about something else. I am here to see you because I love you. What are you having for lunch today?
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Interacting: • Don’t let yourself get caught up in the mood swing. • Remind yourself this is a disorder, and the mood swing is the current issue, not the words the person is actually saying. • Keep the person safe Poll Question: Have you met someone who seems to display the characteristics of bipolar disorder on a regular basis? 1. Yes, someone I knew personally; 2. Yes, on the job; 3. Yes, numerous people – personally and on the job; 4. No. Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Depression Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Depressive Disorders
• Disruptive mood dsyresgulation disorder
• Major depressive disorder
• Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
• Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
• Depressive disorder due to another medical condition
• Other specified depressive disorder
• Unspecified depressive disorder
Differences are issues of duration, timing, or presumed etiology.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersMajor Depressive Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria:
• Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either
subjective report (e.g., feels sad, empty, hopeless) or observation made by
others (e.g. appears tearful). (Note: In children & adolescents, can be irritable
mood.)
• Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of
the day, nearly every day (as indicated by either subjective account or
observation).
• Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or decrease or
increase in appetite nearly every day.
• Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.
• Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others,
not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down)
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersMajor Depressive Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria:
• Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day
• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which may be
delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reproach or guilt about being
sick)
• Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day
• Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation
without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing
suicide.
Comorbidity: more than 1 disorder simultaneously
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others10 common symptoms of depression: Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. A bleak outlook—nothing will ever get better and there’s nothing you can do to improve your situation. Loss of interest in daily activities. You don’t care anymore about former hobbies, pastimes, social activities, or sex. You’ve lost your ability to feel joy and pleasure. Appetite or weight changes. Significant weight loss or weight gain—a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month. Sleep changes. Either insomnia, especially waking in the early hours of the morning, or oversleeping. Anger or irritability. Feeling agitated, restless, or even violent. Your tolerance level is low, your temper short, and everything and everyone gets on your nerves. Loss of energy. Feeling fatigued, sluggish, and physically drained. Your whole body may feel heavy, and even small tasks are exhausting or take longer to complete. Self‐loathing. Strong feelings of worthlessness or guilt. You harshly criticize yourself for perceived faults and mistakes. Reckless behavior. You engage in escapist behavior such as substance abuse, compulsive gambling, reckless driving, or dangerous sports. Concentration problems. Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things. Unexplained aches and pains. An increase in physical complaints such as headaches, back pain, aching muscles, and stomach pain. Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
A couple different types of Depression • Major Depressive Disorder / Chronic Depression • Situational Depression Interacting • Be patient • Help with daily tasks • Don’t say, “Don’t be sad.” Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Posttraumatic Stress disorder | (PTSD) and/ Trauma
Feared for life or safety
Events or
incidents Watched or heard about such an incident
that can Had a close relationship with someone involved
cause Shocking or unexpected
TRAUMA
Against social expectations (murder, rape, etc.)
Any situation faced that causes a distressing, dramatic or profound change or
disruption in physical or psychological functionTrauma
Following a traumatic event, a person may experience the following reactions:
• Shock • Restlessness • Profuse sweating episodes
• Denial • Fatigue • Heart palpitations
• Anger • Frustration • Vomiting
• Rage • Fear • Diarrhea
• Sadness • Guilt • Hyper‐vigilance
• Confusion • Blame • Paranoia
• Terror • Grief • Phobic reaction
• Shame • Sleep disturbance • Problems with
• Humiliation • Eating disturbance concentration or anxiety
• Sorrow • Muscle tremors • Flashbacks and mental
• Suicidal or homicidal • Reactive depression images of traumatic events
ideation and startle responses
• NightmaresPsychophysiological Effects When triggered: • Elevated blood pressure (BP) • Increased heart rate • Increased respiratory rate • Sweating • Dissociation Dissociation is a mental process of disconnecting from one's thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity. The dissociative disorders that need professional treatment include dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, depersonalization disorder and dissociative identity disorder.
Triggers of trauma: • Noises • Smells • Weather • Situations
Psychophysiological Effects To reverse these effects: • Purposely breathe more slowly and deeply • Relax all muscles, one by one • Cool air to reverse sweating • Talk through the responses, purposefully connecting and acknowledging what you were thinking about
Personality Disorders
Types
• Paranoid Personality Disorder
• Distrust / Suspicious of others
• Schizoid Personality Disorder
• Pattern of detachment from social relationships, restricted range
of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings
• Schizotypal Personality Disorder
• Social & interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with
close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and
eccentricities of behavior
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesTypes
• Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Disregard for, and violation of the rights of, others
• Borderline Personality Disorder
• Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects;
marked impulsivity
• Histrionic Personality Disorder
• Excessive emotionality and attention seeking
• Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• Grandiosity (fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, lack of
empathy
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesTypes
• Avoidant Personality Disorder
• Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to
negative evaluation
• Dependent Personality Disorder
• Excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and
clinging behavior and fears of separation
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesObsessive-Compulsive
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (Personality)
• Pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and
mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility,
openness, and efficiency.
• Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or
schedules to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost.
• Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion
• Is excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of
leisure activities and friendships
• Overconscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about matters of
morality, ethics, or values
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Personality)
• Continued…
• Unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they
have no sentimental value
• Reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they
submit to exactly his or her way of doing things
• Adopts a miserly spending style toward both self and others;
money is viewed as something to be hoarded for future
catastrophes
• Shows rigidity and stubbornness
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesInteracting
• Small steps, small changes
• Talk about “what’s the worst that could happen?”
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesNarcissistic personality
NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and
lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts:
1. Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g. exaggerates achievements and
talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate
achievements);
2. Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or
ideal love.
3. Believes that he or she is “special” and unique and can only be understood by, or
should associate with, other special or high-status people.
4. Requires excessive admiration;
5. Has a sense of entitlement (i.e. unreasonable expectations of especially
favorable treatment or automatic compliance with his or her expectations)
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesNARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
6. Is interpersonally exploitative (i.e. takes advantage of others to achieve his or
her own ends);
7. Lacks empathy, is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs
of others;
8. Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her;
9. Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes.
Many highly successful individuals display personality traits that might be considered narcissistic.
Only when these traits are inflexible, maladaptive, and persisting and cause significant functional
impairment or subjective distress do they constitute narcissistic personality disorder.
INTERACTING:
Because the grandiose thinking of this disorder, it is almost impossible to persuade them that their
thinking is skewed, and because they basically think they can do no wrong, individuals with
narcissistic personality disorder will not get treatment; they don’t see an issue to be treated.
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesAnxiety disorders
Anxiety Feelings of worry, fear, or anxiousness. Mild & temporary: Feeling threatened, taking a test, making a decision…
Anxiety Feelings of worry, fear, or anxiousness. Continuous: an anxiety disorder where anxiety does not go away, or gets worse over time. Anxious feelings interfere with daily activities.
Signs of Anxiety
• Excessive worry
• Sleep Issues
• Irrational Fears
• Tense Muscles
• Chronic Digestive Problems
• Self-Consciousness
• Panic Attacks
• Perfectionism
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesAnxiety
Short‐term, situational anxiety
• Breathe slowly and deeply
• Stretch your arms as high as possible, and then as far
to the side as possible, slowly stretching your muscles
• Think calming thoughts, imagine yourself in a
peaceful place
• Quick exercise – your body is physically prepared for
high energySuicidal Behavior Disorder
Suicide
Reasons for Suicide
Pain LossWarning Signs to Watch For
• Withdrawal / Isolation
• Talking about death / suicide
• Depression / mental illness
• Knowing someone who has died by suicide/Loss
• Previous attempt
• Giving away personal possessions
• Making final plans / tying up loose ends
• Feeling hopeless, without options
• Feeling like a burden
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesWhat To Do:
• Listen without judgement
• Listen to everything that’s going wrong / feels hopeless
• Keep listening
• Ask what else is going on, “What else?”
• Say things like, “That does sound very difficult,”
• Help find resources and set up help
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
800‐273‐8255
Recognizing Mental Disorders & IllnessesPoll Question
Did you put the number in your phone?
1. Yes
2. No
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
800‐273‐8255Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
TBI: Traumatic Brain Injury Someone may experience: Cognitive: amnesia, inability to speak or understand language, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, difficulty thinking and understanding, inability to create new memories, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: abnormal laughing and crying, aggression, impulsivity, irritability, lack of restraint, or persistent repetition of words or actions Whole body: balance disorder, blackout, dizziness, fainting, or fatigue Mood: anger, anxiety, apathy, or loneliness Eyes: dilated pupil, raccoon eyes, or unequal pupils Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting Sensory: sensitivity to light or sensitivity to sound Speech: slurred speech or impaired voice Also common: persistent headache, a temporary moment of clarity, bleeding, blurred vision, bone fracture, bruising, depression, loss of smell, nerve injury, post‐traumatic seizure, ringing in the ears, or stiff muscles Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Drug Use Someone who is affected by drugs: 1. Unpredictable 2. Violent / Dangerous 3. Hallucinating 4. Paranoid 5. High level of risk Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
DISRUPTIVE, IMPULSE-CONTROL AND CONDUCT DISORDERS
NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND
TRAUMA- AND STRESSOR- RELATED DISORDERS
RELATED DISORDERS SUBSTANCE-RELATED & ADDICTIVE
NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
MEDICATION-INDUCED FEEDING & EATING DISORDERS
MOVEMENT DISORDERS GENDER DYSPHORIA
ANXIETY DISORDERS PARAPHILIC DISORDERS
SLEEP-WAKE DISORDERS
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER
PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
PERSONALITY DISORDERS ELIMINATION DISORDERS
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND
BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS RELATED DISORDERS
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in OthersRecognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
Recognizing Mental Disorders & Illnesses in Others
REFERENCES / SOURCES:
Bipolar:
https://www.bphope.com/blog/the‐bipolar‐conversation‐a‐communication‐tip‐to‐change‐your‐life/
Bipolar:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wWem_VOIoRw
Schizophrenia:
https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/tc/schizophrenia‐helping‐someone‐who‐is‐paranoid‐topic‐overview
Depression:
https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/depression‐symptoms‐and‐warning‐signs.htm
TBI:
https://www.google.com/search?q=traumatic+brain+injury+symptoms&oq=traumatic+brain+injury+symptoms&aqs=c
hrome..69i57j69i65l3j69i60j69i61.3154j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF‐8
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