Shotgun Disciplines & Games - International Hunter Education ...
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Shotgun Disciplines
& Games
Table of Contents Page
Introduction 1
History 1
Lesson Plan 2
Objectives 2
Methods 2
Time 2
Resources and Materials 2
Vocabulary 2
Background for Student Presentation 3
Trap Disciplines 3
American Trap 3
Handicap Trap 3
Doubles Trap 3
Skeet Disciplines 4
American Skeet 4
Skeet Doubles 4
Sporting Disciplines 4
English or American Sporting 4
Games 5
Crazy Quail 5
5-Stand Sporting 5
Quail Walk 5
Student Lesson Procedures 6
Enrichment Activities 7
Glossary 7
Student Activities 8
Student Activities Answers 9
Overheads 10
Trap Field 10
Skeet Field Layout 11
Sporting Course Layout 12
Crazy Quail Layout 13
NSCA 5-Stand Sporting 14
International Hunter Education Association
P.O. Box 490
Wellington, CO 80549-0490
970-568-7954
www.ihea.com
©2002 International Hunter Education Association
This curriculum is based upon information provided by
Black’s Wing & Clay.
Black’s Wing & Clay is a complete shotgunner’s guide, with three
directories in one. Instruction is a guide to shotgun shooting across
the U.S.; Equipment provides information about companies that provide
shotgun-related products and services worldwide; and Destinations
has state-by-state listings of hunting destinations and sporting clays,
trapand skeet clubs.
Contact information:
Black’s Wing & Clay
PO Box 2029
Red Bank, NJ 07701
Tel: (732) 224-8700
Fax: (732) 741-2827
E-mail: ms-blacks@attglobal.net
Curriculum design and layout by
Silvertip Productions, Ltd.
Graphic credits: Black’s Wing & ClayShotgun Disciplines & Games
Background Materials (for instructors)
Descriptions of the various shooting disciplines and games are used with permission from Black’s 2001 Wing &
Clay.
Introduction
Millions of North Americans enjoy shotgun shooting sports known as trap, skeet, and sporting clays.
Thousands of shotgun ranges are available to shooters throughout the continent.
The clay target disciplines and games are excellent activities for hunters. Young hunters can learn skills and
practice safety, and increase their ability to hit gamebirds on the wing during hunting season.
The purpose for using the Clay Target Shooting Sports Supplemental Resources is to make students aware of
all the opportunities they have to participate in clay target disciplines and games.
History
The first trapshooting competition in the United States was held at the Sportsmen’s Club of Cincinnati in 1831.
At this time pigeons and sparrows were used for targets.
Glass ball targets from England were introduced in 1866, and were used for much of the 19th century. In 1868,
the choke bore was introduced. The choke bore was an important feature for the further development of
shotgun shooting sports.
The clay target was invented and became an instant hit in 1880. The first composition clay target, one that
actually broke when hit, was introduced along with a target thrower in 1884.
The American Shooting Association was formed in 1890 and the first rule book was produced. Since that time
many additional clay target disciplines, games and associations have developed.
1 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationLesson Plan
Objectives
Students will be able to:
1. Understand the differences in trap, skeet, and sporting clays disciplines and know which ones
most closely simulate hunting conditions
2. Identify where the closest ranges or shooting clubs are located and who to contact for more
information.
3. Know about the Scholastic Clay Target Program and who to contact for more information
Methods Time
Lecture and discussion 5 to 10 minutes of classroom time
Video
Demonstration Additional time as needed for videos, demonstration,
Group activities or group activities
Resources and Materials
Eye Protection
Ear plugs
Overheads
Maps showing local range locations
Clay targets
Hand throwers or portable traps
Videos
Vocabulary
ATA – Amateur Trapshooting Association
Clay target
High house
Low house
NSCA – National Sporting Clays Association
NSSA – National Skeet Shooting Association
Squad
Trap
2 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationBackground for Student Presentation
Classifying and defining the various shotgun disciplines and clay target games is no easy task. There are almost
as many out there as there are shotgunners to shoot them. And new ones spring up all the time. What follows
then is not meant to be the final word on the topic – just a helpful guide to the most prominent games played and
disciplines followed today.
Trap Disciplines
American Trap (ATA) – The most basic of all the trap disciplines.
Trap Field
Standard targets are thrown as singles. The horizontal direction is
randomized with a maximum angle of 22 degrees measured from a line
from the trap to the middle station. The height at which the targets are
thrown is constant. The distance is constant at 50 yards. A squad of
five shoot in rotation from five stations arrayed in an arc located 16
yards behind the traphouse; 5 targets are thrown at each station, after
which the shooters move to the next station on their right. A round is
25 targets with one shot allowed at each target. An English variation is
called Down-The-Line, a two-barrel discipline that allows two shots at
a single target with a scoring penalty for a second-barrel hit.
Handicap Trap – The same as ATA singles, except the shooter stands further back than 16 yards – but
no longer than 27 yards. The ATA review handicap yardage for shooters every 1,000 targets as part of
their handicap system.
Doubles Trap – As the name implies, two targets are launched simultaneously from one machine.
Squads of five shooters rotate the five positions on the 16 yard line. Shooting events consist of 25 or
50 pairs. Like 16 yard and handicap, scoring is one point per target hit.
3 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationSkeet Disciplines
American Skeet – A round of skeet consists of 25 targets
Skeet Field
in a set sequence of singles and simultaneous doubles.
Squads of five shooters take their turns from eight shooting
stations. Each squad member takes two singles and one
double from stations 1, 2, 6 & 7. Two singles are taken
from stations 3, 4, 5 & 8. The 25th target is taken after the
first target is missed, or as a final target (low house #8) after
24 kills. Targets are thrown a distance of 60 yards.
Variations in the angles of the targets presented from the
“high” and “low” house result from the shooter moving from
station to station. American Skeet is the only discipline that has regular, specific tournament events for
sub-bore shotguns: 20, 28, and .410.
Skeet Doubles – Shooters, in squads of five, start on station 1, shooting one pair of doubles each to
station 7. Then they reverse, shooting one pair each from stations 7 through 1. On station 4, shooters
must shoot the high house target first. On reversing, (shooting 7 through 1), they must shoot the low
house target first. In tournaments, the events are on a total of 50 (or 100) targets with the last pair shot
on station 1. Scoring is one point per hit target.
Sporting Disciplines
English or American Sporting – Sporting Clays, like
Trap and Skeet, uses traps and clay targets to duplicate, Sporting Course Layout
as far as possible, conditions and presentations you
would normally find while hunting. A typical sporting
course is laid out over a 10, 20 or 30 acre site, ideally in
rough, hilly terrain. Usually, the path the shooters follow
will take a circular or horse-shoe shape enabling shooters
to start and finish in roughly the same place. Along the
path targets are thrown from 10 to 14 shooting stations.
Courses can be laid out with either automatic or manual
traps, usually set out of sight. Six different types of
targets can be used: standard, midi, mini, battue, rocket
or rabbit. Target sequence may incorporate singles, report pairs, following pairs and true (simultaneous)
pairs. A round usually consists of 50 or 100 targets. The shooter’s gun must be visible below the
armpit and may not be mounted until the target is visible.
4 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationGames
Crazy Quail – This game simulates quail rising from cover. The trap used is Crazy Quail
hidden in a pit to prevent shooters from anticipating the flight direction of the
target. Targets fly straight away, to the side, or directly toward the shooter,
because the trap and the trapper’s seat rotate 360 degrees. Automatic machines
on special rotating bases can also be used.
5-Stand Sporting- Sometimes over-laid on a trap or skeet field NSCA 5-Stand Sporting
this game uses 6-8 automatic traps. There are 3 levels of difficulty:
Level I, 5 single targets with full use of the gun for scoring; Level II,
3 single and a simultaneous pair; Level III, 1 single and 2
simultaneous pairs. Shooters (squad of five) can move from station
to station with a predetermined menu of shots and combinations, or
in a sequence unknown to the shooters. 5-STAND SPORTING
is a registered trademark of Clay-Sport International, Inc., Alberta,
Canada. In the U.S., 5-STAND is licensed by the NSCA.
Quail Walk – Another version of sporting shooting. A quail walk or walk-up involves the shooter walking
down a path in a “more-or-less” straight line. Just as in “rough” shooting in the field, the shooter carries a
loaded gun in anticipation of targets being presented while walking. Manual traps or automatic traps can be
utilized.
5 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationStudent Lesson Procedures
1. Begin by asking your students how many of them have ever shot at clay targets for fun or competition.
If you have a significant response ask for a show of hands specific to trap, skeet, sporting clays, and
informal shooting using hand throwers or portable traps. Hold up a standard clay target used in
trapshooting so students will know exactly what you are talking about. Pass the target around the room.
Explain that there are different sizes, styles, and colors of clay targets for different types of shooting,
such as sporting clays.
2. Explain that many hunters shoot clay targets to help them improve their skills in the field. Sporting clays
is the best clay target discipline when trying to simulate actual hunting conditions. Also explain that
millions of non-hunters also shoot clay targets for fun and competition.
3 Review the importance of firearm safety rules and safe methods of transporting guns. Hold up shooting
glasses and ear protection, and stress the importance of using this protective gear at all times.
4. Project overheads of trap, skeet, and sporting clays fields. Briefly explain where the shooters stand,
where the clay targets are thrown, and the basic paths shooters follow as the games progress.
5. Tell the students where to find local clay target ranges, and give them contact information for clubs
and/or the Scholastic Clay Target Program.
6 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationEnrichment Activities
1. Visit a trap, skeet or sporting clays range. Issue eye protection and ear protection for all participants,
including parents or visitors. Observe shooters as they participate. Explain the procedures, and answer
questions.
2. If possible, have the students participate in a round of shooting. Follow your State or Provincial policies
and procedures for live-firing
3. If it is not possible to visit a range, consider having students experienced in the various disciplines tell
Glossary
ATA Amatuer Trapshooting Association
Clay target Targets made of compositions including clay soil. Recently, bio-degradeable targets
have been developed that safely degrade in a little over two years. Clay targets are
also called clay birds, or pigeons, a holdover from the days when live birds were used
for targets.
High House In skeet, targets are thrown from two different houses, one higher than the other.
Low House See “High house.”
NSCA National Sporting Clays Association
NSSA National Skeet Shooting Association
Squad A group of shooters participating in a clay target competition
Trap Name of a specific clay target competition, but also used to describe the machine
used to throw clay targets. When live birds were used in competitions, they were
released from “traps.”
7 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationStudent Activity Sheet
Word Find
TRAP
SKEET
CLAY
TRAPHOUSE
SQUAD
DOUBLES
HANDICAP
SPORTING
TARGET
SHOOT
Crossword
ACROSS
4. In trapshooting, two targets are
launched at the same time.
5. Amatuer Trapshooting Association
6. _______ clays use trap and clay
targets to simulate hunting
DOWN
1. Like trap singles, but the shooter
stands further back than 16 yards
but no more than 27 yards behind
the traphouse.
2. A group of shooters participating in
a clay target competition
3. A round of ______ consists of 25
targets in a set sequence of singles
and simultaneous doubles.
8 ©2002 International Hunter Education AssociationStudent Activity Sheet Answers
Word Find
TRAP
SKEET
CLAY
TRAPHOUSE
SQUAD
DOUBLES
HANDICAP
SPORTING
TARGET
SHOOT
Crossword
ACROSS
4. In trapshooting, two targets are
launched at the same time.
5. Amatuer Trapshooting Association
6. _______ clays use trap and clay
targets to simulate hunting
DOWN
1. Like trap singles, but the shooter
stands further back than 16 yards
but no more than 27 yards behind
the traphouse.
2. A group of shooters participating in
a clay target competition
3. A round of ______ consists of 25
targets in a set sequence of singles
and simultaneous doubles.
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