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BREXIT BRIEF
BRIEF
BREXIT
Brexit Brief Issue 63: 02 May 2019
Introduction
The Brief seeks to provide up-to-date information on the progress and content of the UK-EU negotiations, and
bring together relevant statements and policy positions from key players in Ireland, the UK and EU.
The Brief is part of a wider communications programme covering the work of the IIEA’s UK Project Group –
including commentaries, speeches, texts and event reports – which are highlighted on the Institute’s website.
(www.iiea.com)
Section One: State of Play emerged as a significant force in a clear third place on 17%.
The Liberal Democrats are down 2 points on 6% with the
Public Opinion Poll: 2016 Referendum a Mistake Scottish National Party (SNP) unchanged on 5%, UKIP
down 7 points on 4% and the Greens unchanged on 4%.
An opinion poll for The Observer has found that more
Change UK, included for the first time, has 4% support
than half of voters – 55% – now think it would have been
while Plaid Cymru is unchanged on 1%.
better if the EU referendum had never taken place, given
the difficulties and divisions which have arisen in seeking When voters were asked how they intended to vote in
an agreement on Brexit. A majority of Conservative voters the European elections, the news was even better for the
- 49% - now think the referendum was a bad idea, with Brexit Party. The new Nigel Farage party and the Labour
a minority - 43% - still believing it was the right thing Party stand level at 28%. The Conservatives are a long way
to have done. As for Labour Party supporters, as many as behind, on 14%, with the pro-remain parties - Liberal
72% believe the referendum was a bad idea, with just 18% Democrats and Change UK – both on 7%. The Greens
saying it was worthwhile. are on 6%, the SNP 5%, UKIP 3% and Plaid Cymru 1%.
The same poll shows national support for the Tories down On the question of a second referendum being held – with
by 3 percentage points to 26% - compared with a fortnight the options of leaving the EU on the Prime Minister’s deal
ago - and still behind the Labour Party, which is on 33% or remaining in the EU - 46% would vote to remain while
but is also down 3 points. Nigel Farage’s newly formed 34% would vote to leave. Nearly half of the respondents
Brexit Party, included on a poll for the first time, has thought the Prime Minister should resign either once the
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Withdrawal Agreement has been passed or sooner, with Talks between the Government and the Labour Party
only 14% indicating support for Theresa May continuing continued over the break at official level and resumed at
in office and leading the second phase of the Brexit higher level with talks at the Cabinet Office involving the
negotiations. Prime Minister’s effective deputy David Lidington with
Brexit Secretary Stephen Barclay and Chief Whip Julian
Conservative / Labour Talks Continue Smith for the Government and the Shadow Brexit Secretary
Keir Starmer, Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell and
With the Easter break behind them, and the extension to
Shadow Ministers Rebecca Long-Bailey and Sue Hayman
October agreed, the question of progressing the overall
for Labour.
Brexit process requires an early and clear response from
all sides in the overlong debate. The Financial Times The Prime Minister has given consideration to speeding
commentator, Philip Stephens, has penned a call for a up the process by tabling the Withdrawal Agreement Bill
decision, arguing that voters want to move on from the (WAB) in the Commons at an early moment, with or
issue and that they should have the right to “change their without a clear conclusion to the cross-party talks. The
minds” in a referendum: Bill which formally ratifies the UK’s Brexit agreement is
Enough. Britain has had its fill of Brexit. The nation essential for EU withdrawal. However, several ministers are
needs desperately to put Europe behind it. The deal known to have concerns about tabling the Bill unless they
signed by Theresa May, the Prime Minister, with are confident of obtaining a majority in the Commons. If
the customs union sought by Labour leader Jeremy it fails to command a majority it cannot be tabled again in
Corbyn tacked on? Why not. Anything really to
change the subject. As time passes, let’s-just-do-a- this Parliamentary session.
deal looks an ever more seductive proposition. The
Brexit battle has raged for three years. The bitterness Labour sources have indicated that they would find it very
has crossed the normal thresholds of political debate. hard to back this move, as it separates the Withdrawal
The country is divided; the government paralysed. A Agreement from the Political Declaration on future EU-UK
nation renowned for its political stability has become
relations. A shadow minister remarked that “You simply
an object of scorn and pity abroad. Business needs
certainty. Voters want to talk about health, education can’t expect Parliament to wave through a Brexit agreement
and housing — anything but Brexit.” with no markers and no commitments about what sort of
The assumption that anything must be an Brexit deal in the end will be negotiated.” The Labour Party
improvement on the present shambles conveniently has serious internal difficulties in respect of the outcome of
ignores the nature of Brexit. Whatever the precise the detailed negotiations and of the time factors involved in
terms, leaving the EU is an act of serious self-harm.
It will leave Britain on the margins of its own issues such as local and European elections.
continent, disrupt essential co-operation on issues of
national security, and badly damage the economy. Rebecca Long-Bailey, the Shadow Business Secretary, who
has been active in the negotiations, argues that Labour
The voters deserve better than to be bundled out of
Europe on an entirely false prospectus and then to should be prepared to sign up to a Brexit deal with the
be confronted by another long spell of Tory party Government without the promise of a referendum attached
infighting about the nation’s future ties with its if cross-party talks make significant progress in the coming
own continent. Referendums, we should have learnt
days, insisting that negotiations had been productive and
by now, are a rotten way to take decisions in a
parliamentary democracy. But the only way left to “gone into a lot of detail”; and hinted that the government
legitimise Brexit is to give voters the chance to change was signalling a willingness to compromise on some issues,
their minds now that they have some, at least, of the including workers’ rights.
facts.
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
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The Shadow Cabinet, however, remains divided between resulted from “two lengthy meetings and a good, full and
supporters of Long-Bailey’s view and the advocates of a constructive debate, in a friendly and collegiate way.”
second referendum, including Sir Keir Starmer who told
the House of Commons earlier this month, when Labour The postponement of Brexit has led to strong opposition
backed a motion for a “confirmatory” vote, that “at this late to Theresa May’s leadership within the Conservative Party.
stage it is clear that any Brexit deal agreed in this parliament The moves within the 1922 Committee were the outcome
will need further democratic approval”. of an increasingly heated debate with headlines such as
“Tories just weeks from ‘no confidence’ vote in May after
Almost 90 MPs and MEPs have written to Jeremy Corbyn local party chairmen back unprecedented poll” and “Tories
in advance of the Labour Party’s National Executive mull rule change to challenge Theresa May.” An analysis of
Committee meeting, urging him to ensure that a internal party opinion by the Conservative Home website
confirmatory vote is part of the package Labour offers to concluded: “Her rating wasn’t fantastic in February, when
voters. A major row broke out last week over the draft text it sat at -40.8, but the prospect of postponement pushed
of a European Parliament campaign leaflet that made no it down to -51.2 in March and the reality of that broken
mention of a referendum. promise has pushed her numbers off a cliff, plummeting to
-73.5 in April.” This result was seen as the worst rating ever
Pressure on Theresa May’s leadership for any Conservative leader.
Prime Minister Theresa May has survived an attempt The longstanding Europhobe MP, Bill Cash, has written
to change the rules of the Conservative Party to make it that “Theresa May is making us crawl on our hands and
possible to remove her from office. knees, not only to the EU, but to Germany and France.
They say that a week is a long time in politics. It is more
The 1922 Committee, representing Tory backbenchers,
like an eternity as we rush into a black hole littered with the
debated a proposal to change the rules dealing with
debris of mendacity and constitutional mayhem”
challenges to the party leader. Theresa May had survived
such a challenge last December, winning by 200 votes
Irish Government National Statement on Europe
to 117, comfortably clearing the threshold of 159 votes
required to stave off a leadership contest. Under the current The Government has published a new National Statement
rules no further challenge can take place before December on the European Union. The National Statement is the
2019. Government’s response to the Citizens’ Dialogues on the
future of Europe conducted across Ireland in 2018 and will
The 1922 Committee decided to leave the rules unchanged inform Ireland’s contribution to the Union’s next five-year
but sent a clear message to the Prime Minister calling on Strategic Agenda.
her to set out her plans for stepping aside if she is unable
to achieve Parliamentary agreement on exiting the EU in Preparation of the National Statement has been a whole-
coming weeks. She had already indicated that she would of-Government exercise and priorities identified include:
set out a schedule for her departure once agreement on the the completion of a Single Market fit for the digital age;
Withdrawal Agreement is achieved. a Union that is a global leader in finding solutions to
climate change; a Union that is also ready for the social
The Chairman of the 1922 Committee, Sir Graham and economic challenges of the digital transformation; a
Brady, said that the members were seeking clarity on the more effective political dialogue between the European
Prime Minister’s intentions and insisted that the decision Union and Africa where the Union plays a central role in
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
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advancing the Sustainable Development Goals; and a deep honour of the US visitors that, in preventing a return to a
and comprehensive partnership across a range of areas of hard border, Ireland was backed by countries across the EU
importance to Ireland in the future EU-UK relationship. and “by our friends in the United States.”
Welcoming the launch of the National Statement, the Prior to their arrival in Dublin the delegation had visited
Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade, Simon London. The Speaker told the London School of Economics
Coveney TD, said: that there would be no chance of a US-UK trade deal if
there was any threat to the Good Friday Agreement. It was
The Single Market is one of the Union’s greatest
argued that the return of a hard border on the island of
achievements, but it is incomplete and we need
to make it fit for the digital age. The digital Ireland would threaten a future trade deal.
transformation will accelerate over the next five years
and Europe can become a world leader, if it invests In a meeting with members of the pro-Brexit European
now in the necessary research and innovation. Greater Research Group they were told by Jacob Rees-Mogg
interconnectedness will empower communities and
and others that the Irish border issue and the Backstop
enhance the quality of our lives. The new Strategic
Agenda will, therefore, need to anticipate these arrangement were ‘concocted’ as part of a conspiracy
developments and protect the most vulnerable. involving Remainers in London, Brussels, Dublin and
Washington “to force them to do something that they don’t
The National Statement on the European Union is Ireland’s
want to do.” Congressman Brendan Boyle commented that
contribution to the EU’s Strategic Agenda 2019 – 2024.
this “is a world view that is extremely difficult for me to
A new Strategic Agenda is expected to be adopted by the
understand.”
European Council in Brussels on 20 - 21 June 2019. It
will set the priorities for the European Union for the next
Section Two: The Evolving Debate
five years and the content will be discussed by the EU
Heads of State and Government at an informal summit in
Notre Dame
Sibiu, Romania, on 9 May 2019. The text of the National
Statement was laid before the Houses of the Oireachtas and In the midst of the ongoing Brexit debate the devastating
was debated in Dáil Éireann on 18 April. fire at the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris evoked a strong,
positive message from London. Prime Minister Theresa
US Congressional Visit May immediately responded by saying: “To underline
our solidarity with France and her people, the bells at
A US Congressional delegation, led by the Speaker of the
Westminster Abbey will toll […] and later bells will ring at
House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, visited Ireland,
cathedrals and churches across England. President Macron
North and South, on 16-18 April. The Speaker addressed
has pledged to rebuild the cathedral and I have conveyed
a joint sitting of Dáil and Seanad in Leinster House as part
to him that the UK will support this endeavour however
of the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of Ireland’s
we can.”
Parliament.
Speaker Pelosi told the joint session that “we must ensure Scottish First Minister on Independence
that nothing happens in the Brexit discussions that imperils Scotland’s First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has argued that
the Good Friday accord, including but not limited to the Scotland should hold a new referendum on independence
seamless border between the Irish Republic and Northern before 2021 if the United Kingdom leaves the European
Ireland.” The Taoiseach, Leo Varadkar, told a dinner in Union. She told the Scottish Parliament that the Brexit
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
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situation had revealed the limits of Scotland’s influence and outlined their hope that the Agreement would survive
within the UK and strengthened the case for departing the Brexit process:
from the union. “A choice offered in the lifetime of
There is no variation of Brexit that can strengthen
this parliament. If Scotland is taken out of the EU, a
the relationship between the Republic of Ireland and
referendum within that timescale must be open to us. Northern Ireland. There is no variation of Brexit
That would be our route to avoiding the worst of the that will grow the economy of the UK any time
damage that Brexit would do.” soon. Brexit, particularly a no-deal Brexit with the
risk of a hard border, is both the most serious threat
to the Belfast Agreement since it was created and to
She proposed that preparatory work should commence
the union in our lifetime. It is time to acknowledge
with the Scottish Parliament voting on legislation the reality, to let clarity triumph over ambiguity,
necessary for a referendum but that a confrontation with and to work collectively to overcome them. It is our
Westminster should be avoided as she believed that the belief, or at least our fervent hope, that the Belfast
Agreement will survive Brexit.
London government’s negative approach to Scottish
independence would prove “unsustainable” as the It is precisely because of such issues as the Border that
there should be a confirmatory vote on whatever
present administration may soon be out of office. She
now emerges from the Brexit process in parliament.
underlined the need for her Party to step up its efforts to Such is the variety of Brexit deals that have been
increase support for independence and promised to set debated and the vastness of the Brexit promises
up a Citizens Assembly on the lines of the Irish example made in 2016, that any agreement is unlikely to
be what the public voted for. They, the people of
– “a representative cross-section of Scotland, with an
the UK, should have the final say. They should be
independent chair” – to debate the kind of country asked if now, knowing all that they do, they still
Scotland should aim to become in the future. wish to proceed, on whatever basis is agreed by
Government and Parliament. There is now time
The First Minister commented: “If we are successful in for a confirmatory referendum given the EU has
expanded the Brexit deadline to October 31st. It is
further growing the support and demand for independence,
this that must be pursued and Theresa May should
then no UK government will be able to deny the will of take the lead in that process.
the people or stop that will being expressed.”
Brexit and the New IRA
The UK Government responded to the First Minister’s
The leadership of the militant group that admitted killing
remarks through the Scottish Secretary, David Mundell,
journalist Lyra McKee in Derry argues that Brexit offers
who accused her of advancing “divisive constitutional
them a chance to further its campaign against British rule
change when it is clear that most people in Scotland do
in Northern Ireland. “Brexit has forced the IRA to refocus
not want another independence referendum. Nicola
and has underlined how Ireland remains partitioned. It
Sturgeon needs to listen to the views of the Scottish people
would be remiss of us not to capitalise on the opportunity.
and concentrate on improving Scotland’s economy and
It’s put the border on the agenda again.”
schools, not continually trying to orchestrate upheaval
and division.”
Eurobarometer Poll on Second Referendum
Tony Blair and Bertie Ahern The latest Eurobarometer poll for the European Parliament
indicates that, in a second referendum, 45% of UK voters
Tony Blair and Bertie Ahern published a joint letter on 15
would support EU membership with 37% voting to leave
April calling for a second Brexit referendum. They argued
with 18% undecided.
that Brexit poses a serious threat to the Belfast Agreement
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 063 | MAY 2019
Business Sentiment The Observer Public thinks EU referendum was bad idea,
says poll. Observer, 28 April 2019. www.theguardian.
A survey by Deloitte has revealed that business sentiment
com/politics/2019/apr/27/public-thinks-eu-referendum-
in the UK is at the lowest level since the referendum in
was-a-bad-idea-says-poll
2016 with eight out of ten chief financial officers expecting
the long-term business environment to be worse as a result Financial Times The quiet talks to break Brexit stalemate.
of the country leaving the European Union. Only 13% FT, 15 April 2019. www.ft.com/content/ada49f30-5f75-
of CFOs were more optimistic about their company’s 11e9-b285-3acd5d43599e
prospects than they were three months earlier. On the
short-term impact of Brexit, 49% of CFOs expected to David Lidington Talks with Labour on resolving the
reduce capital expenditure and 22% anticipated reductions Brexit impasse have a good chance of success. Guardian,
in merger and acquisition activity. 53% of respondents 14 April 2019. www.theguardian.com/poitics/2019/
expected to reduce staff hiring because of Brexit – the apr/14/agreement-talks-between-labour-government-
highest point in more than two years of analysis. “They brexit-impasse
went into March braced for tough times and the latest
round of Brexit uncertainties have not materially changed BBC Brexit: Cross-party talks to resume. BBC, 23 April
that picture. When expectations are already low, it’s harder 2019. www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-48018540
to be disappointed.”
The Guardian Theresa May survives attempt to allow
Section Three: Background Material and Further early no-confidence vote. Guardian, 24 April 2019.
Reading www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/24/theresa-may-
survives-attempt-to-allow-early-no-confidence-vote
Background Material
Telegraph Brexit latest news: Theresa May warned against
Government of Ireland National Statement on the
holding crunch vote on Brexit laws as Labour says it still
European Union, 17 April 2019. www.dfa.ie/media/
opposes PM’s deal. Telegraph, 24 April 2019. www.
dfa/newsmedia/pressrelease/National-Statement-on-the-
telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/04/24/brexit-latest-news-
European-Union.pdf
theresa-may-warned-against-holding-crunch
Dail Eireann Debate: Ireland’s Position on the Future
BBC Tories mull rule change to challenge Theresa
of Europe, 18 April 2019. www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/
May, BBC, 24 April 2019. www.bbc.com/news/uk-
debate/dail/2019-04-18/40/
politics-48032990
Seanad Eireann Speech of An Taoiseach, Leo Varadkar,
The Guardian MPs may vote on key Brexit legislation
18 April 2019. www.gov.ie/en/news/6fc532-speech-of-an-
next week. Guardian, 23 April 2019. www.theguardian.
taoiseach-seanad-eireann-thursday-18-april-2019
com/politics/2019/apr/23/mps-may-vote-on-key-brexit-
legislation-next-week-theresa-may
HM Government UK offers solidarity and support after
Notre-Dame fire, 16 April 2019. www.gov.uk/government/
The Guardian Brexit: Theresa May’s approval ratings with
news/uk-offers-solidarity-and-support-after-notre-dame
Tory Members hit record low, survey suggests- live news.
Guardian, 24 April 2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/
live/2019/apr/24/brexit-latest-developments-mays-
approval-ratings-with-tory-members-hit-record-low-survey
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 063 | MAY 2019
Politico Sturgeon: Brexit should trigger Scottish Why Labour’s leader has to perform a Brexit balancing
independence vote by 2021. Politico, 24 April 2019. act, 17 April 2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/
www.poltico.eu/article/nicola-sturgeon-brexit-should- apr/17/why-labours-leader-has-to-perform-a-brexit-
trigger-scottish-indepndence-vote-by-2021 balancing-act
Irish Times Negative Brexit consequences are UK’s How the Irish backstop emerged as May’s Brexit nemesis,
responsibility- Juncker. IT, 20 April 2019. www. 18 April 2019 www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/
irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/negative-brexit- apr/18/how-the-irish-backstop-emerged-as-mays-brexit-
conseuences-are-uk-s-responsibikity-juncker-1.3867243 nemesis
Financial Times Britain’s anti-Brexiteers need a common How May’s failed deal shattered EU relations, 19 April
front. FT, 23 April 2019. www.ft.com/content/fa2c7e68- 2019 www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/19/brexit-
61cd-11e9-b285-3acd5d43599e theresa-may-failed-deal-eu-relations
Sir William Cash Theresa May is making us crawl on Philip Stephens The dangerous allure of a fudged Brexit.
our hands and knees, not only to the EU, but to Germany FT, 25 April 2019. www.ft.com/content/1af8c1f6-6674-
and France. Telegraph, 23 April 2019. www.telegraph. 11e9-a79d-04f350474d62
co.uk/politics/2019/04/20/theresa-may-making-us-
crawl-hands-knees-not-eu-germany-france/amp/?WT. Irish Times ‘It’s beyond Brexit. It’s about who governs
mc_id=tmg_share this country.’ IT, 22 April 2019. www.irishtimes.com/
news/world/uk/it-s-beyond-brexit-it-is-about-who-
Irish Times Next Conservative leader must ‘believe in governs-this-country-1.3867662
Brexit’. IT, 26 April 2019. www.irishtimes.com/news/
world/uk/next-conservative-leader-must-believe-in- The Guardian Labour hints at backing Brexit deal
brexit-1.3871912 without promise of referendum. Guardian, 28 April
2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/28/
Financial Times The EU’s post-Brexit finance ambitions labour-hints-at-backing-brexit-deal-without-promise-of-
miss an important point. FT, 23 April 2019. www.ft.com/ referendum
content/766edb72-62a7-11e9-9300-0becfc937c37
Wolfgang Munchau. Realism is set to strike the EU over
Telegraph Less than half of Britons would vote Remain the Brexit timescale. FT, 22 April 2019. www.ft.com/
in new Brexit referendum, EU polling finds. Telegraph, 26 content/f064d5fc-61b8-11e9-b285-3acd5d43599e
April 2019. www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/04/26/
less-half-britons-would-vote-remain-new-brexit- Financial Times May takes lead in bid to rescue Brexit
referendum-eu talks. FT, 22 April 2019. www.ft,com/content/c4930ff0-
6435-11e9-9adc-98bf1d35a056
The Guardian
The Telegraph The ‘last Brexiteers standing’ will now do
How May miscalculated the Brexit numbers game, 16 everything to stop a sell-out customs union. Telegraph, 19
April 2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/16/ April 2019. www.telegraph/co/uk/politics/2019/04/19/
how-may-miscalculated-the-brexit-numbers-game last-brexiteers-standing-will-now-do-everything-stop-sell-
out
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 063 | MAY 2019
The Guardian May should go today, says senior 1922 Will Hutton Time has run out. Labour must seize its
Committee member. Guardian, 23 April 2019. www. last chance to take a stand on Brexit. Guardian, 28 April
theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/23/may-should-go- 2019. www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/
today-says-senior-1922-committee-member-nigel-evans apr/28/time-has-run-out-labour-must-seize-last-chance-
to-take-stance-on-brexit
The Telegraph Grassroots Conservative chairmen
planning no-confidence vote in Theresa May ‘within Irish Times Tony Blair and Bertie Ahern: Why there
weeks’. Telegraph, 16 April 2019. www.telegraph. must be a second Brexit referendum. IT, 15 April
co.uk/politics/2019/04/16/local-conservative-chairmen- 2019. www.irishtimes.com/opinion/tony-blair-and-
planning-no-confidence-vote-theresa bertie-ahern-why-there-must-be-a-second-brexit-
referendum-1.3860156
The Telegraph Exclusive: Tories just weeks from ‘no
confidence’ vote in May after local party chairmen back Paul Cunningham How the Brexit extension deal was
unprecedented poll. Telegraph. 21 April 2019. www. done. RTE, 14 April 2019. www.rte.ie/news/analysis-
telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/04/21/exclusive-tories- and-comment/2019/0414/1042521-paul-cunningham
just-weeks-no-confidence-vote-mayafter-local
Brian O’Donovan Brexit and the border on agenda
Irish Times EU shifts focus to US trade with Brexit ball as Nancy Pelosi arrives in Ireland. RTE, 16 April 2019.
firmly in UK’s court. IT, 20 April 2019. www.irishtimes. www.rte.ie/news/2019/0415/1042808-pelosi-dublin
com/opinion/eu-shifts-focus-to-us-trade-with-brexit-
ball-firmly-in-uk-s-court-1.3865033 Irish Times US politicians and Brexiteers clash on
‘concocted Border issue’, 17 April 2019. www.irishtimes.
Martin Wolf Britain is once again the sick man of com/news/ireland/us-politicians-and-brexiteers-clash-on-
Europe. Financial Times, 18 April 2019. www.ft.com/ concocted-border-issue-1.3862750
content/5a629584-610a-11e9-a27a-fdd51850994c
Irish Times Leo Varadkar says US will back efforts to
Politico What’s next in Brexit, the never ending story? prevent a hard Border. IT, 18 April 2019. www.irishtimes.
Politico, 13 April 2019. www.politico.eu/article/whts- com/news/ireland/irish-news/leo-varadkar-says-us-will-
next-in-brexit-the-never-ending-story back-efforts-to-prevent-a-hard-border-1.3863927
The Guardian Brexit: UK businesses at most gloomy Brigid Laffan The UK is discovering it is a cold place
since referendum- Deloitte. Guardian, 15 April 2019. outside the room. IT, 14 April 2019. www.irishtimes.
www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/15/brexit-uk- com/opinion/the-uk-is-discovering-it-is-a-cold-place-
businesses-at-most-gloomy-since-referendum-deloitte outside-the-room-1.3858595
Polish Institute of International Affairs The Importance RTE Ireland may cover costs of European health cards for
of Brexit for Russia, 15 April 2019. http://www.pism.pl/ NI citizens after Brexit. RTE, 16 April 2019. www.rte.
publications/bulletin/no-44-1290 ie/news/brexit/2019/0416/1043054-health-cards-europe
European Policy Centre Brexit: No stable equilibrium. Irish Times Customs union would give UK a say in
Policy Brief, 18 April 2019. http://www.epc.eu/ trade deals, says Varadkar. IT, 15 April 2019. www.
documents/uploads/pub_9172_brexit_no_stable_ irishtimes.com/news/politics/customs-union-would-give-
equilibrium.pdf?doc_id=2135 uk-a-say-in-trade-deals-says-varadkar-1.3860427
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 063 | MAY 2019 The Telegraph Here’s how Theresa May can scare the DUP into thinking twice about opposing her deal. Telegraph, 15 April 2019. www.telegraph. co.uk/politics/2019/04/15/theresa-may-can-scare-dup- thinking-twice-opposing-deal Irish Times Brexit lights touchpaper for next political firestorm – Irish unity. IT, 23 April 2019. www.irishtimes. com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-lights-touchpaper- for-next-political-firestorm-irish-unity-1.3868276 Financial Times Riding out Brexit storm in a Democratic Unionist stronghold. FT, 25 April 2019. www.ft.com/ content/635e7786-65b8-11e9-a79d-04f35047d62 The Guardian Brexit: Irish backstop could undermine EU standards, report says. Guardian, 26 April 2019. www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/apr/26/irish- backstop-could-undermine-eu-standards-report-says Sunday Times IRA says Brexit has provided it with opportunity. SundayTimes, 28 April 2019. www. reuters.com/article/uk-nireland-violence/new-ira-says- brexit-has-provided-it-with-opportunity-sunday-times- idUSKCN1S4079 Further Reading J.A.Hazeley and J.P. Morris The Story of Brexit. A Ladybird Book for Grownups. As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole responsibility of the author.
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