BREXIT BRIEF BREXIT - The Institute of International and European Affairs
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
BREXIT BRIEF
BRIEF
BREXIT
Brexit Brief Issue 48: 19 September 2018
Introduction
Brexit Brief provides up-to-date information on the progress and content of the UK-EU negotiations, and brings
together relevant statements and policy positions from key players in Ireland, the UK and EU.
The Brief is part of a wider communications programme covering the work of the IIEA’s UK Project Group –
including commentaries, speeches, texts and event reports – which are highlighted on the Institute’s website.
(www.iiea.com)
Section One: State of Play Three EU summits – an informal gathering in Salzburg
from 19 to 20 September, a normal European Council
Negotiations Continue in October and a special European Council in November
– provide the opportunities for decisions on the
As the summer break came to an end and parliamentary
Withdrawal Agreement, the Transition Period and the
business recommenced, the Brexit negotiations resumed
Political Declaration on future relations. There is much
in Brussels with evidence of greater intensity. The Brexit
speculation on the likelihood of policy shifts on either
debate in Ireland and the UK also returned to the front
side with some indications of an acceptance in Brussels
pages.
that a no-deal scenario would be costly for both parties.
A selection of newspaper headlines demonstrate the There is a shared determination to reach a deal. And it
complexity and seriousness of a situation very much is noted that Michel Barnier has spoken of building “an
subject to the discipline, or threat, of the ‘ticking unprecedented partnership with the United Kingdom”
clock’: ‘Brexit negotiators risk ‘sleepwalking into crisis’ on trade, cooperation in specific areas, internal security,
(Guardian); ‘Theresa May sees hope of Brexit solution’ foreign policy, external security and defence.
(Financial Times);‘EU banks on last minute Brexit deal
Critical work and difficult negotiation remain in respect
this autumn’(BBC); ‘Barnier says Brexit deal could be
of the Northern Ireland – Ireland border question. The
struck in next two months’ (Guardian); ‘UK constitutional
RTÉ commentator Tony Connelly has summarised the
crisis looms if Brexit talks founder’ (Irish Times).
starkly discordant negotiating positions on the issue, and
BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
the political ramifications for Prime Minister Theresa Secretary Raab in Commons
May and Taoiseach Leo Varadkar:
The Brexit Secretary, Dominic Raab, gave a statement to
The final weeks will therefore be a bruising contest the House of Commons updating MPs on progress made
over Ireland. The UK will uphold its depiction of to negotiating a Brexit deal. He said that he and Michel
the backstop as a constitutional threat and will
Barnier “have injected some additional pace and intensity
press the EU to push its rulebook on customs to the
limit – and perhaps beyond – while Dublin and into the negotiations” in the final phases. He commented
the Commission will push for what they see as a on the progress of the Withdrawal Agreement, with up
pragmatic approach which builds on differences to 80 percent agreed, he indicated that its “scope and
between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK
contours” of the agreement are becoming clear. On the
that already exist.
Irish question he spoke of continuing work on completing
The UK is effectively saying it cannot accept a
a backstop to deal with the position of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland-only backstop with only the
promise of it never coming into effect; Ireland is and Ireland. He reiterated the British position of concern
saying it cannot rely on the future relationship as regarding the EU backstop proposal as a threat to the
a guarantee of avoiding a hard border. For both “constitutional and economic integrity” of the UK, viewed
Theresa May and Leo Varadkar, the domestic
as it is by the British government as a customs border
repercussions of how this plays out could not be
more stark. down the Irish Sea. He called for further cooperation,
affirming that: “[…] of course, this [alternative backstop
A major question mark exists in respect of the Prime
proposal] can be done without compromising the EU’s
Minister’s capacity to achieve parliamentary approval
core principles” and further reiterated the UK position of
for any deal which may be made in Brussels. A Federal
finding a solution to the Northern Ireland border through
Trust paper questions the likelihood of the UK Parliament
a future partnership “so that no backstop would ever need
approving a Brexit deal: “It is an as yet unresolved question
to come into effect.”
of British politics whether our parliamentary system will
be able to develop any coherent response to this challenge. He concluded with a reference to British preparedness
If it does not, the UK will inevitably leave the European for all outcomes: “I will continue to meet regularly with
Union on 29th March 2019 in the most brutal and Michel Barnier, confident that a deal is within our grasp
chaotic circumstances possible.” if the ambition and pragmatism that we have shown
are matched by our EU friends. But this House and the
Labour’s shadow Foreign Secretary, Emily Thornberry, has
British people can rest assured that the UK will be ready
suggested that the party is likely to vote against any Brexit
for Brexit, deal or no deal…”
deal secured by Theresa May since she cannot see the
Government coming back with an agreement that meets
Section Two: The Evolving Debate
Labour’s ‘six tests’, the criteria which must be met if the
party is to vote for the Brexit deal when it comes before Irish Developments
Parliament. Ms Thornberry instead suggested that: “We’re
either going to have a general election in the autumn or The The European Research Group has published
we’re going to have it in the spring.” proposals which they believe could allow the UK to
leave the EU single market and customs union without
the need for a hard border. The proposal is based on an
agreement on equivalence of UK and EU regulations
and conformity assessments for all agricultural goods on
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland and the Republic The leader of Fianna Fáil, Micheal Martin, has criticised
would maintain a Common Biosecurity Zone, ensuring the relationship between Taoiseach Leo Varadkar and
equivalence of EU and UK regulations and conformity Prime Minister May, suggesting that poor relations will
assessment for all agricultural goods on the island of be damaging to the future political relations between
Ireland after Brexit, with existing simplified customs Ireland and the United Kingdom in the context of Brexit.
procedures continuing. The proposals have been dismissed He argued that the Taoiseach and Prime Minister May
as impractical. “appear to have no substantive working relationship and
go long periods without talking to each other.” He also
Reports from Brussels indicate that European Union questioned the Irish Government’s approach to relations
officials have been working on re-drafting the Irish with the unionist parties.
protocol to the Withdrawal Treaty as part of what Michel
Barnier has described as ‘de-dramatising’ of the issue in Jean-Claude Juncker in Strasbourg
order to get a good deal. The work was seeking to find
wording that could ease British concerns that the proposed In his State of the Union Address to the European
‘backstop’ would undermine the constitutional position Parliament in Strasbourg on 12 September 2018,
of Northern Ireland. The Tánaiste, Simon Coveney, has Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker outlined
re-emphasised the Irish priority of ensuring no physical the three principles which the EU negotiating team have
infrastructure or checks or controls on the island of repeatedly highlighted: respecting the British decision to
Ireland: “We now need to agree the legal text to make leave, while asking the British government to accept that
this a reality. What is important here is the outcome – no they cannot be offered a privileged position outside the
physical infrastructure and no related checks or controls. EU; solidarity with Ireland; and a commitment to a strong
This needs to be the overwhelming focus of the UK and future relationship in trade and security. In doing so, he
EU teams over the coming weeks.” welcomed the proposed free trade area as a solid starting
point from which to build a future trade relationship.
The Labour Party Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary,
“Allow me to recall three principles which should
Keir Starmer has argued for a fresh approach to the Irish
guide our work on Brexit in the months to come.
element of the Brexit negotiations which recognises that
First of all, we respect the British decision to leave
“it is only through a combination of a new customs union, our Union, even though we continue to regret it
a strong single market deal and shared institutions that we deeply. But we also ask the British Government to
find a solution that works for Ireland, the UK and across understand that someone who leaves the Union
the EU.” He recalled that one of his biggest frustrations cannot be in the same privileged position as a
Member State. If you leave the Union, you are of
about the 2016 campaign was the lack of focus on how course no longer part of our Single Market, and
Brexit would affect communities on both sides of the Irish certainly not only in the parts of it you choose.
border, and then pointed to those Brexiteers who “remain Secondly, the European Commission, this
under the illusion that the Irish Border is an imagined or Parliament and all other 26 Member States will
exaggerated problem….this is not only irresponsible but always show loyalty and solidarity with Ireland
also misunderstands the significance of the open border when it comes to the Irish border. This is why we
want to find a creative solution that prevents a hard
as the manifestation of peace, It’s about identity not border in Northern Ireland. But we will equally
technology,” be very outspoken should the British Government
walk away from its responsibilities under the Good
Friday Agreement. It is not the European Union, it
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
is Brexit that risks making the border more visible that the text was not agreed and that a major dispute had
in Northern Ireland. arisen in the group over “whether dumping Chequers also
Thirdly, after 29 March 2019, the United meant getting rid of the Prime Minister.” A meeting of
Kingdom will never be an ordinary third country some ERG members had apparently discussed a direct
for us. The United Kingdom will always be a very
move to unseat Theresa May and this called the cohesion
close neighbour and partner, in political, economic
and security terms. This is why I welcome Prime and direction of the group into question. The Guardian
Minister May’s proposal to develop an ambitious commented that “the difference of opinion demonstrates
new partnership for the future, after Brexit. We the depth of the splits within the Brexit wing of the Tory
agree with the statement made in Chequers that
party.”
the starting point for such a partnership should be
a free trade area between the United Kingdom and
the European Union. The former Foreign Secretary, Boris Johnson, has written
that the Prime Minister’s Brexit plan has “wrapped a
On the basis of these three principles, the
Commission’s negotiators stand ready to work day suicide vest” around the British constitution and “handed
and night to reach a deal. We owe it to our citizens the detonator” to Michel Barnier. On the Northern
and our businesses to ensure the United Kingdom’s Ireland issue Johnson argued that “We have opened
withdrawal is orderly and that there is stability ourselves to perpetual political blackmail. We have given
afterwards. It will not be the Commission that will
stand in the way of this, I can assure you of that. Barnier a jemmy with which Brussels can choose – at any
time – to crack apart the union between Great Britain
Tory Opposition to Chequers Plan and Northern Ireland. We have managed to reduce the
great British Brexit to two appalling options: either we
The Prime Minister’s Chequers plan has faced continued
must divide the Union, or the whole country must accept
opposition from both wings of the Conservative party.
EU law forever.” His intervention has been dismissed
Theresa May has vowed to take on her critics, insisting
by a Downing Street spokesperson as containing “no
that she is providing serious leadership and a serious
new ideas”, referring to Theresa May as “a serious Prime
plan which can secure a smooth Brexit next year. In a
Minister (who) has put forward serious proposals.”
BBC interview she has insisted that the Chequers deal
is the only viable option and that there will be an EU-
Pro-European Tories are equally unhappy. Former
UK agreement in November which will be accepted by
Education Secretary Justine Greening has described
parliament.
the Chequers plan as more unpopular than Margaret
Thatcher’s poll tax and, therefore “untenable to take
Jacob Rees-Mogg had written an open letter to local
forward” while Backbencher Nick Boles has called on the
Conservative associations and to all Tory MPs in late
Prime Minister to abandon Chequers and remain in the
August, urging them to “chuck Chequers” and to support
European Economic Area (EEA).
a Canada-style free trade agreement with the EU to make
the most of the global opportunities that lie ahead.”
No-deal Preparations
Rees-Mogg’s European Research Group had then
The second list of UK Government no-deal Brexit notices
indicated that it would unveil a comprehensive counter-
was published on 13 September 2018. The Brexit Secretary,
proposal to Chequers, advocating the Canada option.
Dominic Raab, commented that “These technical notices
This would be a defining moment in the campaign against
are part and parcel of our sensible, pragmatic approach to
the Prime Minister. However, the predicted launch of
preparing for all outcomes.”
the ERG document did not take place as it became clear
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
The list covers issues such as travelling to the EU with now support a new referendum on Brexit by a margin
a UK passport; driving in the EU: Travelling to Ireland; of more than two to one. The poll also indicates that a
mobile roaming in Northern Ireland; maritime security; clear majority of members now support staying in the
conservation and environment funding after 2020; EU, believing the Brexit will be bad for jobs and living
satellite and space programmes; divorce law; insolvency; standards. Union members think standards of living will
European Social Fund programme; Northern Ireland in deteriorate as a result of Brexit by a margin of about four to
general; and TV stations in London. On Irish citizens in one. They believe that Brexit will worsen job opportunities
Britain it is stated that they are “not required to take any and, contrary to many claims, want to prioritise trade over
action” to protect their status or rights associated with the controlling immigration.
common travel area. Irish citizens can expressly “continue
to enjoy the reciprocal rights including the right to work, Research by NatCen and The UK in a Changing Europe
study, vote, access social benefits and healthcare.” has indicated that British voters would support remaining
in the European Union by a margin of 59-41, the highest
The Irish Revenue Commissioners are preparing for full recorded support for EU membership in any survey since
customs checks in case no deal is reached on Brexit. the 2016 referendum. The survey was carried out in June,
Revenue is reported to be planning for a situation of before the publication of the Chequers Statement and the
no regulatory alignment from March 2019. A worst- subsequent White Paper.
case scenario has been developed involving economic
goods being profiled and subjected to checks and most A new Eurosceptic party has been launched in Dublin.
animal and ‘plant origin’ products being subject to border The Irexit Freedom Party intends to campaign for Ireland
controls. It is recognised that customs barriers rather to leave the European Union.
than the cost of tariffs might cause the biggest disruption
to agri-food businesses as they must submit customs Queen’s University Research
declarations on imports and exports. There were plans A major research study by the School of Law at Queen’s
to have many import checks and controls carried out by University Belfast, funded by the UK Economic and Social
Revenue on goods coming into the country moved away Research Council, has concluded that “Brexit will threaten
from ports and airports to allow them to move as freely the peace process, risks disrupting North-South cooperation
as possible. and could reduce international oversight of human rights.”
Commenting that many of these matters had been neglected in
Reports from stockbrokers Davy and rating agency
discussion of Brexit thus far, the report argues that “We urgently
Moody’s point to the negative economic outcomes of a
need a bespoke solution for this region that will minimise the
no-deal Brexit. Davy believes that “a disorderly Brexit
negative impact of Brexit and provide a positive way forward.”
under WTO rules is a low-probability/high impact event
The report consists of six interlinked studies, which examined the
that could push both Ireland and the UK into recession.
potential impact of Brexit on social and economic rights; North-
Moody’s argue that, in a no-deal situation, Ireland could
South relations; the Irish border; human rights; and equality
“bear a loss in output commensurate with that of the UK.”
protections; racism and xenophobia; and the peace process. Its
recommendations deal with political relations; the Common
Public Opinion
Travel Area; paramilitarism; the EU citizenship rights of people
A YouGov survey of more than 2,700 members of Unite, in Northern Ireland who claim Irish citizenship; and the issue of
Unison and GMB – commissioned by the People’s Vote Northern Ireland remaining in the Single Market and Customs
campaign – reveals that members of the three unions Union.
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
Second Referendum The Guardian Space debris, roaming charges and other
no-deal Brexit perils. Guardian, 13 September 2018,
The Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, writes in a newspaper
(www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/13/space-
article that “after a lot of careful consideration I’ve decided
debris-roamng-charges-and-other-no-deal-brexit-perils)
that the people must get a final say. This means a public
vote on any deal or a vote on a no-deal, alongside the Secretary Dominic Raab Statement to Parliament,
option of staying in the EU. It’s time to take this crucial 4 September 2018. (www.hansard/parliament.uk/
issue out of the hands of the politicians and return it commons/2018-09-04/debates)
to the people so that they can take back control….the
government’s abject failure – and the huge risk we face Michel Barnier Statement following meeting with
of a bad deal or a no deal Brexit – means that giving the Dominic Raab, UK Secretary for Exiting the EU,
people a fresh say is now the right – and only - approach Brussels, 31 August 2018. (www.europa.eu/rapid/press-
left for our country.” release_STATEMENT-18-5403_en.htm)
The Observer editorial of Sunday 16 September concludes Sky News Labour would likely vote down any Brexit
that “for two years we have been failed by Britain’s political deal, says shadow foreign secretary Emily Thornberry.
class on the most important question this country has faced Sky, 15 September 2018. (www.news.sky.com/
in decades. Neither party has been prepared to level with labour-would-likely-vote-down-any-brexit-deal-emily-
us about what leaving the EU might cost. The Observer thornberry-11497431)
appeals to all MPs: it is not too late to put the national
interest first. We are being led to the brink of disaster as Sadiq Khan The people must have another vote-to take
we prepare to leave the EU. We must be given the chance back control of Brexit. Guardian, 15 September 2018.
to deliver our verdict on the terms of departure, we must (www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/15/
have a referendum on the deal.” people-vote-bexit-safiq-khan)
Section Three: Background Material and Further The Guardian Barnier says Brexit deal could be struck
Reading in next two months. Guardian, 11 September 2018.
Background Material (www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/10/eu-leaders-
november-brexit-summit-salzburg-meeting-michel-
European Commission State of the Union Address
barnier)
2018, Strasbourg, 12 September 2018. (www.ec.europa.
eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/soteu2018- Financial Times EU ready to give Barnier mandate to
speech_en.pdf ) close Brexit deal. FT, 10 September 2018. (www.ft,com/
content/477ac3e4-b433-11e8-bbc3-ccd7de085ffe)
Patrick Smyth Junker says EU will ‘always show loyalty’
to Ireland on Brexit. IT, 12 September 2018. (www. The Guardian EU27 to offer May a ‘carrot and stick’
irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/juncker-says-eu-will- approach to Brexit. Guardian, 4 September 2018. (www.
always-show-loyalty-to-ireland-on-brexit-1.3626686) theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/04/eu27-to-offer-
theresa-may-a-carrot-and-stick-approach-to-brexit-
RTE Britain publishes more no-deal Brexit advice
chequers-plan-irish-border)
papers. RTE, 13 September 2018. (www.rte.ie/news/
world/2018/0913/993429-brexit_technical_notices)
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
Financial Times Theresa May sees hope of Brexit The Guardian Brexit: Mervyn King blasts ‘incompetence’
solution. FT, 13 September 2018. (www.ft.com/ of preparations. Guardian, 5 September 2018. (www.
content/2d8cc41e-b695-11e8-b3ef-799c8613f4a1) theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/05/brexit-mervyn-
king-blasts-incompetence-of-peparations)
The Guardian Jacob Rees-Mogg and his Brexiters
increasingly look like a busted flush. Guardian, 12 The Telegraph Britain is an island of contentment
September 2018. (www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/ in an EU driven by Brussels to populist revolt.
sep/12/tory-brexiters-hope-cabinet-allies-will-push-may- Telegraph, 10 September 2018. (www.telegraph.co.uk/
to-axe-chequers-plan) news/2018/09/09/britin-island-contentment-eu-driven-
brussela-populist-revolt)
Boris Johnson The Chequers plan means we go into
battle with the white flag flying. Telegraph, 3 September Federal Trust Brendan Donnelly. Brexit: The Conservative
2018. (www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/09/02/ Centre Cannot Hold. Federal Trust, 27 August 2018.
victory-brussels-inevitable-adopting-chequers-have-gone- (www.fedtrust.co.uk/brexitthe-conservative-centre-
battle) cannot-hold)
BBC Boris Johnson compares Chequers deal to ‘suicide The Guardian Brexit negotiators risk ‘sleepwalking
vest’. BBC, 9 September 2018. (www.bbc.com/news/uk- into crisis’– Ivan Rogers. Guardian, 7 September 2018.
politics-45462900) (www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/06/brexit-
negotiators-risk-sleepwalking-into-crisis-warns-ivan-
Brexit Central Jacob Rees-Mogg pens explosive ‘chuck rogers)
Chequers’ letter to turn Tory grassroots against May’s plan.
Brexit Central, 23 August 2018. (www.brexitcentral,com/ BBC EU banks on last minute Brexit deal this autumn.
jacob-rees-mogg-pens-explosive-chuck-chequers-letter- BBC, 6 September 2018. (www.bbc.com/news/world-
turn-tory-grassroots-mays-plan) europe-45428008)
Financial Times Theresa May vows to take on Eurosceptic The Guardian Emmanuel Macron stresses opposition
Conservatives. FT, 4 September 2018. (www.ft.com/ to ‘blind Brexit’. Guardian, 3 September 2018. (www.
content/1f3a606c-af6d-11e8-8d14-6f049d06439c) theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/03/emmanuel-
macron-stresses-opposition-to-blind-brexit)
Financial Times Number 10 dismisses Boris Johnson’s
Brexit attack. FT, 4 September 2018. (www.ft.com/ Irish Times Brexit: German business leaders raise
content/d5ad002e-af46-11e8-99ca-68cf89602132) alarm over UK’s hard stance. IT, 3 September 2018.
(www.irishtimes.com/business/economy/brexit-
Financial Times Conservative Eurosceptics plot german-business-leaders-raise-alarm-over-uk-s-hard-
to remove Theresa May. FT, 12 September 2018. stance-1.3615893)
(www.ft.com/content/5daa92d2/b656-11e8-b3ef-
799c8613f4a1) RTE Britain would now vote 59-41 to stay in the EU –
new poll shows. RTE, 5 September 2018. (www.rte.ie/
BBC Brexit: Theresa May will reconsider £39bn bill if news/business/2018/0905/991768-brexit-opinion-poll)
there’s no deal. BBC, 12 September 2018. (www.bbc.
com/news/uk-politics-45498218)
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
The Guardian Bombshell poll reveals heavy union The Guardian Ireland seeking Brexit side deal with EU
backing for second Brexit vote. Guardian, 8 September to avoid border checks. Guardian, 7 September 2018.
2018. (www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/08/ (www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/06/ireland-
unions-poll-massive-backing-second-eu-brexit- hopes-side-deal-with-eu-could-allow-it-friction-free-
referendum) trade-across-border)
The Guardian Why YouGov poll shows support for a Irish Times Revenue preparing for full customs checks
people’s Brexit vote is solid. Guardian, 9 September 2018. post-Brexit. IT, 6 September 2018. (www.irishtimes.com/
(www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/08/brexit- business/economy/revenue-preparing-for-full-customs-
unison-gmb-members-second-vote) checks-post-brexit-1.3619606)
Patrick Smyth MEPs to demand continued EU funding Denis Staunton Brexit: Canada model would leave
for NI peace programmes after Brexit. IT, 11 September NI in limbo, says Raab. IT, 6 September 2018. (www.
2018. (www.irishtimes.com/news/europe/meps-to- irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/brexit-canada-model-
demand-continued-eu-funding-for-ni-peace-programme- would-leave-ni-in-limbo-says-raab-1.3619711)
after-brexit-1.3624646)
Irish Times Hard Brexit ‘could push Ireland and Britain
Fiona Mitchell Brexit: Buckle up-it is going to be bumpy. into recession’. IT, 7 September 2018. (www.irishtimes.
RTE, 7 September 2018. (www.rte.ie/news/analysis-and- com/business/economy/hard-brexit-could-push-ireland-
comment/2018/0907/992315-brexit-may-boris) and-britain-into-recession-1.36215667)
Denis Staunton Barnier’s new Brexit approach RTE Tory Brexiteeers propose Common Bioscurity
unlikely to ease May’s woes. IT, 11 September 2018. Zone to deal with border issue. RTE, 12 September 2018.
(www.irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/barnier-s-brexit- (www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2018/0912/993281-european-
approach-unlikely-to-ease-may-s-woes-1.3624738) research-group)
Tanaiste Simon Coveney Speech to Finnish Institute for Irish Times Varadkar and May ‘have no substantive
International Affairs, Helsinki, 5 September 2018. (www. working relationship’, Martin says. IT, 8 September 2018.
dfa.ie/news-and-media-speeches/speeches-archive/2018/ (www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news-/varadkar-
september/brexit-and-beyond-remarks-by-tanaiste) and-may-have-no-substantive-working-relationship-
martin-says-1.3623057)
Irish Times Brexit would boost support for united
Ireland, poll finds. IT, 3 September 2018. (www. Tony Connelly Brexit: the Slow Death of Chequers, or
irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-would- a Cliff Hanger Deal? RTE. 8 September 2018. (www.
boost-support-for-united-ireland-poll-finds-1.3616129) rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2018/0908/992329-
brexit-chequers-may)
Irish Times Solution to Brexit’s biggest problem is in
Ireland. IT, 10 September 2018. (www.irishtimes.com/ Tony Connelly Brexit: The Salzburg summit and the hard
opinion/solution-to-brexit-s-biggest-problem-is-in- choices of the Endgame. RTE, 15 September 2018. (www.
ireland-1.36233523) rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2018/0915/993822-
brexit-salzburg-summit)
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.BREXIT
BRIEF BREXIT BRIEF 048 | SEPT 2018
Cliff Taylor Far more dangers in Brexit than just the Queen’s University Researchers find that Brexit will
Border. IT, 8 September 2018. (www.irishtimes.com/ threaten the peace process and weaken human rights and
opinion/cliff-taylor-far-more-danger-in-brexit-than-just- equality. QUB, 13 September 2018. (www.qub.ac.uk/
the-border-1.3621856) News/Allnews/ResearchersfindthatBrexitwillthreatenth-
epeaceprocessandweakenhumanrightsandequality.html)
RTE ‘Irexit’ group seeking to register as political
party. RTE, 8 September 2018. (www.rte.ie/news/
Further Reading
politics/2018/0908/992473-irexit-freedom-party)
Michael J. Geary An Inconvenient Wait. Dublin, IPA.
Independent Government willing to soften language
of Irish backstop on avoiding hard Border in Brexit
negotiations. Independent, 15 September 2018. (www.
indeperndent.ie/business/brexit/govenment-willing-to-
soften-language-of-irish-backstop-on-avoiding-hard-
border-in-brexit-negotiation)
RTE EU officials working to re-draft Irish protocol.
RTE, 13 September 2018. (www.rte.ie/news/
brexit/2018/0912/993384-brexit)eers-unveil-proposals-
irish-border-.)
RTE Tory Brexiteers propose Common Biosecurity Zone
to deal with border issue. RTE, 12 September 2018.
(www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2018/09122/993281-european-
research-group)
The Telegraph Brexiteers unveil their proposals for the
Irish border question. Telegraph, 12 September 2018.
(www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/09/12/brexit)
Irish Times Republic could lose as much as UK from no-
deal Brexit, says Moody’s. IT, 13 September 2018. (www.
irishtimes.com/economy/republic-could-lose-as-much-
as-uk-from-no-deal-brexit-says-moody-s-1.3627996)
RTE UK must tackle Ireland over fishing before Brexit,
British committee warns. RTE, 15 September 2018.
(www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2018/0915/993911-brexit)
Paul Gillespie UK constitutional crisis looms if Brexit
talks founder. IT, 15 September 2018. (www.irishtimes.
com/opinion/uk-constitutional-crisis-looms-if-brexit-
talks-founder-1.3629445)
As an independent forum, the Institute does not express any opinions of its own. The views expressed in the article are the sole
responsibility of the author.The Institute of International and European Affairs (IIEA) is Ireland’s leading international affairs think tank. Founded in 1991, its mission is to
foster and shape political, policy and public discourse in order to broaden awareness of international and European issues in Ireland and contribute
to more informed strategic decisions by political, business and civil society leaders.
The IIEA is independent of government and all political parties and is a not-for profit organisation with charitable status. In January 2017, the Global
Go To Think Tank Index ranked the IIEA as Ireland’s top think tank.
© Institute of International and European Affairs, September 2018
Creative Commons License
This is a human-readable summary of (and not a substitute for) the license.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
You are free to:
• Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
• Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material
• The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable
manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license
permits.
The Institute of International and European Affairs,
8 North Great Georges Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
T: +353-1-8746756 F: +353-1-8786880
E: reception@iiea.com W: www. iiea.comYou can also read
