Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Evolving Global Landscape
                                             & Implications for Dairy

                                                             Jill Nicholls PhD

                                                                      June 4, 2019

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Stakeholders’ concerns on health, sustainability & food system converging
                                  Policy-based
                                    actions
                                 recommended
                                    by some

                                    Limited
  Mixed views                     Progress on                      Push for
   on animal                         NCDs                       environmental
  agriculture                          +                          impact in
                                    Climate                       guidelines
                                    Change

                                 Expectations
                                 shifting about
                                 role of FBDG

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Stakeholders’ concerns on health, sustainability & food system converging
                                  Policy-based
                                    actions
                                 recommended
                                    by some

                                                                                                                               DIETARY
                                    Limited
                                  Progress on                                                                                 GUIDELINES
  Mixed views                                                      Push for
   on animal                         NCDs                       environmental
  agriculture                          +                          impact in
                                    Climate                       guidelines                                   NUTRIENT              SUSTAIN-
                                    Change                                                                                            ABILITY
                                                                                                               PROFILING

                                 Expectations
                                 shifting about
                                 role of FBDG

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Developments in Food-Based
                                Dietary Guidelines

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
The DGA impacts nutrition policy and the H&W marketplace

                                        Policy                       Marketing                         Nutrition
                                                                      Labeling                        Education
                                                                    Reformulation

National School Lunch Program
  School Breakfast Program

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
The Dietary
  Guidelines for
     Americans
   has included
   3 servings* of                The 2015 DGA states that healthy eating patterns,
   dairy foods in                including low-fat or fat-free dairy foods, are associated
                                 with reduced risk for several chronic diseases, including
  healthy eating                 cardiovascular disease (strong evidence) and type 2
patterns since 2005              diabetes (moderate evidence). Dairy intake is also linked
                                 to improved bone health, especially in children and
                                 adolescents.
 *for those 9 years and older

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The US DGA are developed using a science-based process:

• Base recommendations on the body of evidence
  (Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, NESR)
• Meet nutrient needs (Dietary Reference Intakes)
• Reduce risk for NCDs relevant to the U.S. (e.g., CVD, obesity)
• Put in context of current consumption patterns (NHANES)
• Include variety of nutrient-dense, culturally-appropriate foods
  (diets modelled with 5 basic food groups/sub-groups)

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
• Nutrient-dense
                                                               • Key source of under consumed nutrients
                                                               • Contain nutrients that are difficult to replace
                                                               • Consumption linked to health benefits
 Dairy foods make                                              • Core part of healthy eating patterns
 multiple nutrition                                            • Appealing, affordable, accessible, culturally-
    and health                                                   appropriate
   contributions
across the lifespan

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Dairy recos in Food-Based Dietary Guidelines are evolving
     2019 CANADA
• Canada’s Food Guide                                                             2016 UK                          GLOBAL THEMES:
  combined dairy and                                                    • Recommend 2 servings
  meat (+alternatives) into                                               in UK Eatwell Guide
  single protein category,                                                decreased from 3 in                      • Shift from guidance to meet
  encouraged                                                              2007.                                      nutrient needs…to guidance
                                                                        • “Milk and dairy foods”
  consumption of plant-
                                                                          group changed to “Dairy                    that links dietary patterns to
  based foods
                                                                          and alternatives”                          reduced risk for NCDs

                                                                                                                   • Including public health policy
                                                                                                                     and food systems perspectives

        2020 U.S.                                                        2019 FRANCE                               • Calls for sustainability concepts
 • 2020 DGAC process                                               • Recommend 2
   underway                                                          servings/day of dairy in
                                                                                                                     in FBDG
 • Dairy Group                                                       2019, down from 3 in
   recommendations have                                              2011                                          • Calls for countries without
   included 3 servings/day                                         • Serving sizes are
   since 2005                                                        smaller than in U.S.                            FBDG to develop/adopt them

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Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
Calls for Sustainability in FBDG

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A movement is growing to include sustainability concepts in FBDG

                               Global Panel 2016                  FAO 2017

                               Food systems
                               and diets:
                               Facing the challenges
                               of the 21st century

                                                       FAO 2016              EAT-Lancet 2019

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EAT-Lancet report claims to define “healthy, sustainable” diets
• Premise: Current diets are harming human and
  planetary health.

• A major global food transformation to shift the world’s
  population to eating plant-based diets is needed now.

• Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe, methane and
  nitrous oxide) identified as the largest projected
  environmental impact of the food system by 2050

• Animal products – especially meat – are identified as
  the largest GHGe contributors.
The EAT Commission published the EAT-Lancet Report on Food, Planet and Health on January 16, 2019.
                                                                       https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/
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EAT-Lancet report recommends global “healthy reference diet”

• Not based on a transparent, systematic review
  of body of evidence on nutrition, diets and health
• Does not meet nutrient needs for all
• Linked to lower mortality risk, unclear about
  NCDs
• Put in context of global consumption pattern
• Are recommendations affordable?, accessible?,
  culturally-appropriate?

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Nutrient Profiling

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Nutrient profiling informs a range of polices and regulations

                                                                                    Popular Applications
 “The science of
 classifying or ranking                                                        Regulation of claims                      School food programs

 foods according to their
 nutritional composition                                                       “Healthy” definition

 for reasons related to                                                        Front of pack labeling                     M2K restrictions

 preventing disease and
 promoting health”
 - World Health Organization

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Ten models were chosen for analysis
                                                                                                                                                Criteria
                                                     UK Ofcom Model                                                                             • Dairy relevance
                                                                                   Danone                                                       • Global relevance
                                                                                   WHO Europe
                                                                                                                                                • Geographically
 Children’s Food &
     Beverage
                                            UK Traffic
                                           Light Model
                                                                                     Model                                                        and functionally
Advertising Initiative
                                                                                                                                                  diverse
                                                             EU Pledge

                                                                                                                               Singapore
                                                                                                                             Healthier Choice
                                           PAHO Nutrient                                                                         Symbol
                                           Profiling Model

                                                                                                                   Health Star Rating
        Chile Warning                                                                                                    Model
            Label

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Ten dairy products were selected for model application

  Skim                                                                             Mozzarella, low                                      Greek strawberry,
             Chocolate,                                                            moisture, part skim
                                                                                                                               Greek
             sweetened, skim
                                                                                                                              Non-fat   non-fat

                                                                                   Swiss
  1%
             Unsweetened,                                                                                                      Low-     Vanilla, sweetened,
             1% fat                                                                                                             fat     low-fat/1% fat
                                                                                   Cheddar,
                                                                                   whole/regular fat
  2%
             Unsweetened,                                                                                                               Plain/unsweetened,
             2% fat                                                                American                                   Whole     whole fat/4%

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Across ten models, milk is rated positively 73% of the time
            Health            CFBAI           Chile           Danone EU                        PAHO             Healthier WHO          UK      UK
            Star                              Warning                Pledge                                     Choice    Europe       Ofcom   Traffic
            Rating                            Label                                                                                            Light

                                                                                                                                               Sodium

                                    X             X                X                                X               X
  Skim
                                                                                                                                               Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sugar

                                                                                                                                               Sodium
   1%
                                                                                                                                               Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sugar

                                                                                                                                               Sodium

                                    X
   2%                                                                                                                                          Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                               Sugar

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Across ten models, yogurt is rated positively 67% of the time
             Australia/         CFBAI          Chile            Danone           EU              PAHO             Singapore       WHO       UK Ofcom   UK Traffic
             NZ Health                         Warning                           Pledge                           Healthier       Europe               Light
             Star                              Label                                                              Choice
             Rating

                                                                                                                                                       Sodium
                                                                                                                                                       Fat
Greek
Non-fat                                                                                                               X                 X     -3       Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                       Sugar

                                                                                                                                                       Sodium

 Low-                                                               X                X                                                  X     0        Fat
                                                                                                                                                       Sat Fat
  fat
                                                                                                                                                       Sugar

                                                                                                                                                       Sodium
                                                                                                                                                       Fat
Whole
                                                                                                                                                       Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                       Sugar

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Across ten models, cheese is rated positively 10% of the time
         Health            CFBAI           Chile           Danone           EU              PAHO             Singapore        WHO       UK Ofcom   UK Traffic
         Star                              Warning                          Pledge                           Healthier        Europe               Light
         Rating                            Label                                                             Choice
                                                                                                                                                   Sodium
                                                                                                                                                   Fat

                                 X             X                X               X                X                X                      17        Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sugar

                                                                                                                                                   Sodium
                                                                                                                                                   Fat

                                 X             X                X               X                X                X                 X    13        Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sugar

                                                                                                                                                   Sodium

                                 X             X                X               X                X                X                 X    18        Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sugar

                                                                                                                                                   Sodium

                                 X             X                X               X                X                X                 X    21
                                                                                                                                                   Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sat Fat
                                                                                                                                                   Sugar

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Nutrient profiling continues to evolve

• Globally, the number of NP models growing
  leading to inconsistent definitions of “healthy”
  foods
• Country-specific dietary guidelines can inform
  future models & link to overall public health goals
• NP models could evolve to include additional non-
  nutrient components (processing, environmental
  impact, etc.)
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Dietary Guidelines underpin food & nutrition policies:
                              • A science-based process ensures integrity of guidelines
Science-based                   and associated policies
Dietary                       • Dairy foods are a core part of Healthy US Dietary
                                Patterns
Guidelines help
ensure policies
                              • Sustainable diets aren’t sustainable if they do not meet
meet public                     nutrition and health needs of the population
health goals                  • We eat foods, not nutrients – identifying “healthy” foods
                                based on content of nutrients to reduce may have
                                unintended consequences

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Extra slides

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NDC educates                                            NDC
and engages                                             •     Conducts research in nutrition, product &
stakeholders to                                               environment
demonstrate the                                         •     Participates in public processes with information &
                                                              education
value of dairy in                                       •     Conducts integrated thought leader education &
health and                                                    outreach
sustainability                                          •     Collaborates with dairy community partners
                                                        •     Is developing a global perspective and network of
                                                              experts on emerging topics

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2019 EAT Lancet Report Media Impact Update Since Publication

UPON RELEASE IN JANUARY:

o Since its publication (1/17), the report generated 5800 articles in 118 countries with over on 1M shares on
  social media.
o From Jan – Feb, approx. 1,500 unique stories, and dairy mentioned approx. 500 times
o International coverage VS U.S. = 4:1
Themes:
   • Strong focus on reducing consumption of meat, sugar and dairy
   • Push toward dietary patterns rich in plant-based foods and lower in animal-sourced foods
   • Sense of urgency tone

SECOND PHASE OF NEW COVERAGE:

o The coverage shifted to questioning the validity of the recommendations; challenging the science behind them,
  and focused on the personal behaviors of the funders of the report.
o Declining interest by the media in the report and the launch events.

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Public comments on 2015 DGAC Report emphasized sustainability

                                                         28,643
                                                   Comments Analyzed

                                  Key topics:                           Key topics:

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Most Americans do not meet DGA recommendations

“Choose nutrient-dense
foods and beverages
across and within all food
groups in place of less
healthy choices”

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Nutrient profiling can support diverse stakeholder needs

Consumer-Advocate                    Public Health                                                           Global Public            Food Industry
     Groups                                                              Governments
                                      Academics                                                            Health Authorities

                                                                           Form the basis of                                               Steer product
    Guide consumer-                     Define healthy                                                         Provide guidance to
                                                                             policies and                                               reformulation and
  friendly policies that                foods and their                                                         member countries
                                                                             programs to                                                   innovation, or
      make healthy                     impact on public                                                         for implementing
                                                                          improve population                                           inform “healthier for
      choices easier                        health                                                                   policies
                                                                                health                                                      you” options

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