Evolving Global Landscape & Implications for Dairy - International ...
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Evolving Global Landscape
& Implications for Dairy
Jill Nicholls PhD
June 4, 2019
NationalDairyCouncil.org
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Stakeholders’ concerns on health, sustainability & food system converging
Policy-based
actions
recommended
by some
Limited
Mixed views Progress on Push for
on animal NCDs environmental
agriculture + impact in
Climate guidelines
Change
Expectations
shifting about
role of FBDG
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Stakeholders’ concerns on health, sustainability & food system converging
Policy-based
actions
recommended
by some
DIETARY
Limited
Progress on GUIDELINES
Mixed views Push for
on animal NCDs environmental
agriculture + impact in
Climate guidelines NUTRIENT SUSTAIN-
Change ABILITY
PROFILING
Expectations
shifting about
role of FBDG
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Developments in Food-Based
Dietary Guidelines
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The DGA impacts nutrition policy and the H&W marketplace
Policy Marketing Nutrition
Labeling Education
Reformulation
National School Lunch Program
School Breakfast Program
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The Dietary
Guidelines for
Americans
has included
3 servings* of The 2015 DGA states that healthy eating patterns,
dairy foods in including low-fat or fat-free dairy foods, are associated
with reduced risk for several chronic diseases, including
healthy eating cardiovascular disease (strong evidence) and type 2
patterns since 2005 diabetes (moderate evidence). Dairy intake is also linked
to improved bone health, especially in children and
adolescents.
*for those 9 years and older
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The US DGA are developed using a science-based process:
• Base recommendations on the body of evidence
(Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, NESR)
• Meet nutrient needs (Dietary Reference Intakes)
• Reduce risk for NCDs relevant to the U.S. (e.g., CVD, obesity)
• Put in context of current consumption patterns (NHANES)
• Include variety of nutrient-dense, culturally-appropriate foods
(diets modelled with 5 basic food groups/sub-groups)
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7
• Nutrient-dense
• Key source of under consumed nutrients
• Contain nutrients that are difficult to replace
• Consumption linked to health benefits
Dairy foods make • Core part of healthy eating patterns
multiple nutrition • Appealing, affordable, accessible, culturally-
and health appropriate
contributions
across the lifespan
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Dairy recos in Food-Based Dietary Guidelines are evolving
2019 CANADA
• Canada’s Food Guide 2016 UK GLOBAL THEMES:
combined dairy and • Recommend 2 servings
meat (+alternatives) into in UK Eatwell Guide
single protein category, decreased from 3 in • Shift from guidance to meet
encouraged 2007. nutrient needs…to guidance
• “Milk and dairy foods”
consumption of plant-
group changed to “Dairy that links dietary patterns to
based foods
and alternatives” reduced risk for NCDs
• Including public health policy
and food systems perspectives
2020 U.S. 2019 FRANCE • Calls for sustainability concepts
• 2020 DGAC process • Recommend 2
underway servings/day of dairy in
in FBDG
• Dairy Group 2019, down from 3 in
recommendations have 2011 • Calls for countries without
included 3 servings/day • Serving sizes are
since 2005 smaller than in U.S. FBDG to develop/adopt them
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Calls for Sustainability in FBDG
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10A movement is growing to include sustainability concepts in FBDG
Global Panel 2016 FAO 2017
Food systems
and diets:
Facing the challenges
of the 21st century
FAO 2016 EAT-Lancet 2019
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11EAT-Lancet report claims to define “healthy, sustainable” diets
• Premise: Current diets are harming human and
planetary health.
• A major global food transformation to shift the world’s
population to eating plant-based diets is needed now.
• Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe, methane and
nitrous oxide) identified as the largest projected
environmental impact of the food system by 2050
• Animal products – especially meat – are identified as
the largest GHGe contributors.
The EAT Commission published the EAT-Lancet Report on Food, Planet and Health on January 16, 2019.
https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/
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12EAT-Lancet report recommends global “healthy reference diet”
• Not based on a transparent, systematic review
of body of evidence on nutrition, diets and health
• Does not meet nutrient needs for all
• Linked to lower mortality risk, unclear about
NCDs
• Put in context of global consumption pattern
• Are recommendations affordable?, accessible?,
culturally-appropriate?
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Nutrient Profiling
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Nutrient profiling informs a range of polices and regulations
Popular Applications
“The science of
classifying or ranking Regulation of claims School food programs
foods according to their
nutritional composition “Healthy” definition
for reasons related to Front of pack labeling M2K restrictions
preventing disease and
promoting health”
- World Health Organization
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Ten models were chosen for analysis
Criteria
UK Ofcom Model • Dairy relevance
Danone • Global relevance
WHO Europe
• Geographically
Children’s Food &
Beverage
UK Traffic
Light Model
Model and functionally
Advertising Initiative
diverse
EU Pledge
Singapore
Healthier Choice
PAHO Nutrient Symbol
Profiling Model
Health Star Rating
Chile Warning Model
Label
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Ten dairy products were selected for model application
Skim Mozzarella, low Greek strawberry,
Chocolate, moisture, part skim
Greek
sweetened, skim
Non-fat non-fat
Swiss
1%
Unsweetened, Low- Vanilla, sweetened,
1% fat fat low-fat/1% fat
Cheddar,
whole/regular fat
2%
Unsweetened, Plain/unsweetened,
2% fat American Whole whole fat/4%
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Across ten models, milk is rated positively 73% of the time
Health CFBAI Chile Danone EU PAHO Healthier WHO UK UK
Star Warning Pledge Choice Europe Ofcom Traffic
Rating Label Light
Sodium
X X X X X
Skim
Fat
Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
1%
Fat
Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
X
2% Fat
Sat Fat
Sugar
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Across ten models, yogurt is rated positively 67% of the time
Australia/ CFBAI Chile Danone EU PAHO Singapore WHO UK Ofcom UK Traffic
NZ Health Warning Pledge Healthier Europe Light
Star Label Choice
Rating
Sodium
Fat
Greek
Non-fat X X -3 Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
Low- X X X 0 Fat
Sat Fat
fat
Sugar
Sodium
Fat
Whole
Sat Fat
Sugar
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Across ten models, cheese is rated positively 10% of the time
Health CFBAI Chile Danone EU PAHO Singapore WHO UK Ofcom UK Traffic
Star Warning Pledge Healthier Europe Light
Rating Label Choice
Sodium
Fat
X X X X X X 17 Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
Fat
X X X X X X X 13 Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
X X X X X X X 18 Fat
Sat Fat
Sugar
Sodium
X X X X X X X 21
Fat
Sat Fat
Sugar
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Nutrient profiling continues to evolve
• Globally, the number of NP models growing
leading to inconsistent definitions of “healthy”
foods
• Country-specific dietary guidelines can inform
future models & link to overall public health goals
• NP models could evolve to include additional non-
nutrient components (processing, environmental
impact, etc.)
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Dietary Guidelines underpin food & nutrition policies:
• A science-based process ensures integrity of guidelines
Science-based and associated policies
Dietary • Dairy foods are a core part of Healthy US Dietary
Patterns
Guidelines help
ensure policies
• Sustainable diets aren’t sustainable if they do not meet
meet public nutrition and health needs of the population
health goals • We eat foods, not nutrients – identifying “healthy” foods
based on content of nutrients to reduce may have
unintended consequences
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22Extra slides
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23NDC educates NDC
and engages • Conducts research in nutrition, product &
stakeholders to environment
demonstrate the • Participates in public processes with information &
education
value of dairy in • Conducts integrated thought leader education &
health and outreach
sustainability • Collaborates with dairy community partners
• Is developing a global perspective and network of
experts on emerging topics
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)2019 EAT Lancet Report Media Impact Update Since Publication
UPON RELEASE IN JANUARY:
o Since its publication (1/17), the report generated 5800 articles in 118 countries with over on 1M shares on
social media.
o From Jan – Feb, approx. 1,500 unique stories, and dairy mentioned approx. 500 times
o International coverage VS U.S. = 4:1
Themes:
• Strong focus on reducing consumption of meat, sugar and dairy
• Push toward dietary patterns rich in plant-based foods and lower in animal-sourced foods
• Sense of urgency tone
SECOND PHASE OF NEW COVERAGE:
o The coverage shifted to questioning the validity of the recommendations; challenging the science behind them,
and focused on the personal behaviors of the funders of the report.
o Declining interest by the media in the report and the launch events.
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25Public comments on 2015 DGAC Report emphasized sustainability
28,643
Comments Analyzed
Key topics: Key topics:
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Confidential Trade Secret and Commercial Information – Exempt from FOIA under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4)Most Americans do not meet DGA recommendations
“Choose nutrient-dense
foods and beverages
across and within all food
groups in place of less
healthy choices”
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27Nutrient profiling can support diverse stakeholder needs
Consumer-Advocate Public Health Global Public Food Industry
Groups Governments
Academics Health Authorities
Form the basis of Steer product
Guide consumer- Define healthy Provide guidance to
policies and reformulation and
friendly policies that foods and their member countries
programs to innovation, or
make healthy impact on public for implementing
improve population inform “healthier for
choices easier health policies
health you” options
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