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FASHION
REVOLUTIONARY
SUPPORTED BY:
1
Contents
06 Intro 38 Transparency is Beautiful
09 It’s time for a Fashion Revolution 46 How to be a Fashion Revolutionary
12 We are Fashion Revolution 48 Be Curious
14 The things we need to change 50 Who made my clothes?
16 The human side of fashion 54 Find Out
18 Cost breakdown of a T-shirt 58 Know your materials
20 Garment Worker Diaries 60 Do Something
24 A to Z Fashion Glossary 70 4 brands designing out waste
28 Fashion’s environmental impact 74 Sign and share the manifesto
31 How long does it take clothes to decompose? 78 Discover more – Further reading
34 Fashion should become wasteless 80 Contact
36 Textile recycling in India
2 3
Calling all fashion
revolutionaries!
The pro-fashion protesters.
The disruptors who dare to
say “I can change the world.”
This book is for you.
It’s full of inspiration and
ideas about how you can use
your voice and your power
to transform the fashion
industry as we know it.
It’s time for a
Fashion Revolution.
BE CURIOUS. FIND OUT. DO SOMETHING
22nd — 28th April 2019
4 fashionrevolution.org @fash_rev 5
Introduction We can all be fashion in the minimum wage to $68 per month for make a difference. We all have a role to play if we
garment workers. But workers continue to be want to demand a safer, fairer, cleaner industry.
revolutionaries. and underpaid where $68 is still far from a living
wage. Brands continue to be in the dark about In the following pages, we set out a range of
the working conditions and inhuman overtime ways you can make more informed choices
Like you, Fashion Revolution loves clothes. But at the factories that are subcontracted to make about the clothes you buy, ways to inspire your
we want our clothes to make us feel proud, to their clothes. And while brands may sign up to friends, family and the rest of your community,
express who we are, to make us feel better about every accord going, set up recycling initiatives steps you can take to engage with policy makers
ourselves. We don’t want to feel guilty that our and pledge to use better cotton, when it comes and brands, and how your everyday actions
clothes have been made by machinists who are to the crunch, they still want to make more can create lasting improvements, to make an
not paid enough to send their children to school clothes – and cheaper. industry that we can feel proud to be part of and
and live in fear of reprisals if they join a union to to invest in.
stand up for their rights. We don’t want the cotton As well as seeing how the industry exploits
in our shirts to have been grown with pesticides the dollar-a-day hands that make our clothes, Together, we will – we must - make the change.
that poison both the earth and the farmers who we have become increasingly aware of how
grow it. disgustingly polluting the fashion industry is. We
have seen our rivers stripped of fish and filled
Fashion Revolution was started in May 2013 as a instead with microfibres, harmful chemicals
reaction to the outrage that was the Rana Plaza and toxic waste. We have seen how much water
factory disaster. Who could fail to be shocked by it takes to grow cotton, (over 6000 litres to make
the industry’s worst ever industrial disaster? a pair of jeans and a t-shirt) and how many
pesticides are required to grow conventional
What Rana Plaza did was to rub our noses in cotton. And yet we continue to produce (and buy)
a dirty business that has been allowed to grow more jeans and t-shirts. Overproduction has
out of control. It has galvanised a generation to become a huge issue, with recent revelations
question how and where we spend our money, that brands – both luxury and high street – are
and completely rethink the contents of our routinely burning what they can’t sell.
wardrobes. Fashion Revolution’s one basic call to
action in the aftermath of Rana Plaza was to ask So now more than ever, the question remains.
“Who Made My Clothes?” It’s a question that has Who Made My Clothes? Do you know? Do the
been asked far and wide. brands themselves know? While some progress
has been made, the industry that makes the
A global resistance movement has exploded and jeans, t-shirts, pants, trainers and fleeces we all
the brands are having to listen – and take action. rely on to clothe us every day, is far from clean,
Since 2013, thousands of brands have replied to and is still as exploitative of the world’s poorest
the question, and over 150 major brands have people as ever. As we now know, the fashion
published factory lists. More than 1,300 factories supply chain is about as easy to untangle as
have been inspected and 1.8 million garment a nest of vipers. And it’s not going to do it of its
“Each and workers have received factory safety information. own accord.
every one of What is clear – and encouraging – from the
Working conditions are improving and some
us can make a wages are increasing too. The Bangladesh global engagement with Fashion Revolution’s
campaign is that each and every one of us can
difference” government has delivered a 77% increase
6 7
On 24 April 2013, the That’s when Fashion
Revolution was born.
Rana Plaza building in
Bangladesh collapsed. There were five garment
factories in Rana Plaza all
1,138 people died and manufacturing clothing for the
another 2,500 were western market. The victims
were mostly young women.
injured, making it the
fourth largest industrial We believe that 1,138 is too
disaster in history. many people to lose from the
planet in one building, on one
terrible day to not stand up
and demand change.
Since then, people from all
over the world have come
together to use the power of
FASHION
fashion to change the world.
Fashion Revolution is
REVOLUTION now a global movement
of people like you.
Photography by Jaber Al Nahian, Asitimes and Sharat Chowdhury
8 9
Photograph: Munir Uz Zaman/AFP/Getty Images 10 11
We are We are designers,
academics, writers,
Fashion business leaders,
Revolution policymakers, brands,
retailers, marketers,
producers, makers,
We’re here to tell a We believe that positive workers, trade unions
different story about change can happen if we
the clothes we wear. all think differently about
fashion and demand better. and fashion lovers.
We want a cleaner, safer, fairer,
more transparent and more
accountable fashion We are the industry
and textiles industry.
We want fashion to become a
force for good. We believe in
and we are the public.
We are world citizens.
an industry that values people,
the environment, creativity
and profit in equal measure.
We are you.
12 13
The things we
need to change
It is estimated that we make It takes 2,720 litres of water
Model 400 billion m2 of textiles to make a t-shirt. That’s
Fashion is now one of the most globalised annually. 60 billion m2 is how much we normally
cutting room floor waste. drink over a 3 year period.
industries. A single product may span
multiple continents before reaching the shop
floor. We need to rethink how the industry
works. We need to rethink the model.
Material
Fashion has a huge, and often negative, social
and environmental impact. The production of In Guangdong in China young A survey of 91 fashion brands found
clothing and the way we take care of our clothes women face 150 hours of overtime that only 12% could demonstrate
each month. 60% have no contract, any action at all towards paying
after we buy them uses up a lot of land, water, 90% no access to social insurance. wages to garment workers above
energy, chemicals, and produces too much waste. the legal minimum.
Mindset
If we want to see fashion become a force
for good, we’re going to have to change the
way we think about what we wear and why In Bangladesh garment workers
we wear it. We need to love our clothes are paid some of the lowest wages
more. We need to look at them as precious in the industry. In September 2018,
union leaders rejected the first
heirlooms and as trusted friends. pay rise since 2013 of 51% to 8,000
taka ($95 per month). It is still far
The Materials, Models and Mindsets framework was created by Prof. Rebecca Earley and Dr. Kate Goldsworthy. below any credible living wage.
14
14 15 15
The human side
of fashion
fast fashion
isn’t free.
Millions of people work in the
fashion industry. We believe
the industry can and should
work better for all of them.
someone
HUMAN RIGHTS FAIR PAY
Forced labour, child labour, sexual The legal minimum wage in most
harassment, discrimination and dangerous garment-producing countries is rarely
somewhere
working conditions. These are some of enough for workers to live on. For example,
the things that the people who make our in Bangladesh, it’s estimated that the
clothes have to go through. minimum wage only covers 60% of the
cost of living in a slum. Low wages keep
Despite there being international standards garment workers in a cycle of poverty and
is paying.
and national laws that should protect add to the pressure to work long overtime
people, human rights abuses are prevalent hours, which impacts on their health and
throughout the fashion industry. The Global safety, as well as the quality of clothes.
Slavery Index estimates that 36 million
people are living in some form of modern ARTISAN CRAFT
slavery today; lots of these people are Mass-produced clothing and accessories
making clothes for western brands have eroded the artisanal, heritage craft
skills passed down through generations in
communities around the world. Millions of
people in the developing world – mainly
women – depend on the handicraft trade.
But right now, that trade faces an uncertain
future.
– LUCY SIEGLE –
16 17
Cost breakdown of If garment workers were
paid a living wage, how
CHANGE IN
RETAIL PRICE
a sample €29 t-shirt much more would you +€1.57
pay for the same t-shirt?
RED TEXT HIGHLIGHTS
A N I N C R E AS E I N CO S T
01 01
Retail Retail
Markup Markup
€17 €17.91
!
02 02
Brand Brand
Margin Margin
€3.61 Agent €3.85 Agent
Retail Price €30.57
Wholesale €12.66
Fee Fee
Retail Price €29
Wholesale €12
€1.20 €1.26
FOB €5.36
Transport Transport
FOB €5
€2.19 €2.19
Overhead Overhead
€0.27 €0.27
06 07 08 06 07 08
03 04 05 03 04 05
Manufacturing Labour Factory Manufacturing Labour Factory
Costs €0.18 Margin Costs Margin
€3.40 €1.15 €3.40 €0.45 €1.24
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
Retail costs Brand margin Manufacturing costs Labour Factory margin FOB (Freight on board) Wholesale Retail price
Retailer’s own staff, Brands' staff, rent, Materials cost, What is paid to workers Other costs not directly The total paid to a The price a store pays What consumers
rent, tax and so on. mark-up and direct labour cost and part of the garment factory for a t-shirt for a t-shirt before they pay for the t-shirt
profit margin manufacturing overhead sell it on to customers
* Based on Asia Floor Wage benchmark
Data from Fair Wear Foundation (see reference 7 on p68)
18 19Garment Worker
KEY
Minimum
Diaries wage
Living
wage
Today most clothing is cut
All living wage rates
and sewn by women who calculated using the
live in the developing world. Anker Methodology via
ISEAL Alliance and Wage
Indicator Foundation.
To hear about their lives and daily finances, See p68 for more details.13
listen to the Garment Worker Diaries This information is based
podcast https://www.fashionrevolution. on accurate rates at
the time of printing and
org/resources/listen-to-the-fashion- may not reflect accurate
revolution-podcast/ current rates.
Cambodian riel
M O N T H LY M I N I M U M WAG E
Bangladeshi taka
1,166,900
VS L I V I N G WAG E
Cambodian riel
16,460
250
Indian rupees
Indian rupees
Bangladeshi taka
E Q U I VA L E N T U S D O L L A R S
617,585
200
8,929
150
7,085
5,863
100
@anchalproject
50
Shakuntela is an artisan, mother-of-three, and Project Assistant at the Anchal Center in Kerala,
0
India. She works 6 days per week and is proud of recently receiving a raise. She’s become the
U T TA R P R A D E S H DHAKA CITY PHNOM PENH expert at selecting saris because of her unique eye for colour combinations and attention to detail.
INDIA BA N G L A D E S H CAMBODIA
20 211 @tonledesign
[From left to right]: Seyma, Hy, Tola,
1 Srey Pov, Leak, Pich, Ming Srey, Srey
3 Roath, Phary and Navy work for Tonlé in
Cambodia.
2 @Denimsmith_EastBrunswick
Vinh Le Humble is a cutter, 'Jean-
maker’, Factory Owner and Director of
Denimsmith, Australia. Factory owner
for over 20yrs, launched Denimsmith
in 2015.
3 @winterwaterfactory
Elizabeth Martinez, sewing machine
operator at the Jomat factory in
Brooklyn, USA, a manufacturer for
Winter Water Factory. She does binding,
overlock, coverstitch (hemming) and
has worked here for 8 years.
4 @pink_city_prints
Sanjay has been working at Pink City
Prints in Jaipur, India, for over 13 years.
He prints, embroiders and finishes
2 4 garments.
22 23AUDITING BINDING COLLECTIVE DUE DILIGENCE ETHICAL TRADE FORCED LABOUR GRIEVANCE HOMEWORKER
is the process of REGULATIONS BARGAINING is a process through means that is when people are MECHANISM is someone who’s
D H
reviewing a company's require companies is a process where which companies retailers, brands forced to work against is a complaint process subcontracted,
A F
finances, working to act in ways that employers and unions assesses their impacts and their suppliers their will or by threat of that can be used by works at home and
E G
conditions, and protect workers and negotiate to determine on human rights and take responsibility force or punishment. workers, allowing them is commonly paid
C
environmental the environment. fair wages and working the environment and for protecting the Estimates say 21 to voice concerns by each piece they
B
practices. It uncovers Governments can conditions. then take actions to environment and million people are about working produce rather than
risks to workers' safety and should hold reduce any negative improving the working forced to work4, many conditions without an hourly wage.
and opportunities companies legally impacts. conditions of the of which are in the fear of punishment or Homeworkers are
to improve working accountable for how people who make the cotton and garment retribution. mostly female.
conditions. they behave, but they products they sell. industries.
often don't.
INDUSTRIAL JOIN A UNION KIDS AT WORK LIVING WAGE MINIMUM WAGE NON-COMPLIANCE
RELATIONS a union is an child labour is work is a wage a worker is the lowest wage rate is the failure to act
J N
refers to negotiations organisation made that deprives kids of earns in a standard set by the government in accordance with
A TO Z L M
among workers, up of employees their childhood, their working week that is at which companies the law, regulation or
I
managers and which looks after life potential and enough to provide are legally required a company’s code
K
governments on worker interests and dignity. Estimates say for them and their to pay workers. In of conduct when it
business performance protects their rights at there are 168 million family's basic needs developing countries comes to social or
and working work. Unions are key child labourers3. - including food, this is often set at the environmental issues.
A GLOSSARY OF
conditions. Good to solving the fashion housing, clothing, UN poverty level5, which
INDUSTRY LINGO industrial relations industry’s problems. education and is US $1.90/ day.
are key to a happy healthcare.
workforce.
OCCUPATIONAL PURCHASING QUICK LEAD TIMES RESPONSIBLE SOCIAL TRANSPARENCY UPCYCLING VALUE CHAIN
HEALTH & SAFETY PRACTICES refers to how long CONSUMERISM PROTECTION means companies is the process of refers to all the steps it
Q
refers to the safety, often involve short- it takes to go from is intentionally buying includes access know who make their reusing materials in takes to produce and
O S V
health and welfare of term contracts, bad design to final product. goods or services that to health care and clothes, where they are a way that increases sell a product, from
P R U
people at work. Many of communications, A typical lead time has have minimal to no income security such made and under what a product’s value and farm to closet.
T
the people who make pressure to deliver gone from 6 months harmful impacts on as sick pay, injury conditions, and they makes it desirable
our clothes work in cheap prices and to a couple weeks, humans, animals, or pay, parental leave, share this information again, saving
dirty, dangerous and last-minute changes which can increase on the environment. pension, subsidised with the public. garments from going
exhausting conditions. to orders. These risk of poor working It’s voting with your $. food or housing. to landfill.
enable bad conditions conditions.
for workers.
W
WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
over 80% of garment workers are women who
tend to be stuck in low skill, low pay jobs.
Education, training and unions are key to
EXPLOITATION
X
is not paying a living wage for someone’s work.
It may also involve practices such as physical
intimidation, child labour, forced overtime,
YOUR VOICE
Y
has the power to make a positive difference. Ask
questions. Tell the brands you shop from and
your local policymakers that you want cleaner,
ZERO-HOUR CONTRACTS
Z
are contracts in which employers are not obliged
to provide a set number of working hours each
week and consequently do not have to provide
enabling women to negotiate better conditions. restricted movement and limiting unions. safer and fairer fashion. social protections.
24 2526 27
Fashion’s
environmental
impact
waste
Right now, manufacturing CO2 EMISSIONS
clothes uses up massive Our clothes account for around 3% of global
amounts of water, energy production of CO2 emissions.
isn’t waste
and land. We need to find And that’s not just because of how clothes
new ways to make the are made. It’s also down to the way we
clothes we love, without take care for them at home. Around half of
it costing the earth. these emissions occur while your clothing
until we
is being worn, washed, tumble-dried,
TOXIC FASHION ironed and disposed of, and mostly by
Growing the fibres for our clothes, North American, European and Japanese
processing, dyeing and treating garments consumers.
waste it
requires a cocktail of chemicals, some
known to be toxic. Cotton farming uses WASTE
22.5% of the world’s insecticides and 10% of In the last 15 years clothing production has
all pesticides. approximately doubled. In the same time,
the number of times a garment is worn has
Dyes for textile products may contain decreased by 36%. Around 300,000 tons of
hazardous chemicals. Dyes and chemicals used clothes go to landfill in the UK every year.
in fabric and other components of
clothing and shoes can seep into the In landfill, the decomposing clothing
soil, contaminating groundwater. In fact, releases methane, a harmful greenhouse
industrial effluents and chemical fertilisers gas. And even before clothes reach stores,
pollute over half of China’s rivers. Rivers in damaged products and rolls of branded or
China have even turned red from dyes. recognisable fabrics are slashed, landfilled
and incinerated.
Meanwhile, every ton of discarded textiles
reused saves 20 tons of CO2 from entering
the atmosphere.
– WILL.I.AM –
28 29ZINE #003 :
FASHION
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGE how long does
it take clothes
to decompose
Research: by Vicy Hartley @victoria.hartley
in landfill?
Illustration: Lie Dirkx @liedirkx liedirkx.eu
£9
30 3132 33
WASTE IN FASHION CAN BE
REDESIGNED AND MINIMISED.
IT CAN BE A MASSIVE PROBLEM
OR COULD BE AN UNTAPPED
NEVER-ENDING RESOURCE.
AS LONG AS THERE ARE CLOTHES
BEING MADE, THERE WILL BE
OFF-CUTS. AS LONG AS WE WILL
BE WEARING CLOTHES, WE WILL
LEAVE A TRAIL OF OUR UNWANTED
PIECES. SO LET’S INVEST IN
CREATIVE DESIGN SOLUTIONS,
WASTE CUTTING SKILLS AND
TECHNIQUES, RECYCLING
INNOVATION IN PRODUCTION
AND END-OF-LIFE DISPOSAL.
BRANDS AND CONSUMERS
ALIKE: WE MUST DISCOVER
WAYS TO ACT ON OUR SURPLUS,
BEFORE IT BECOMES WASTE.
34 35Textile
PHOTOGRAPHY:
© Tim Mitchell and Lucy
Norris
www.timmitchell.co.uk
RESE ARCH : Dr Lucy Norris.
Recycling
Dr Lucy Norris, a Visiting
Fellow at Textiles
Environment Design (TED),
University of the Arts
London, and anthropologist
currently exploring
sustainable design
in India
concepts for emerging
circular economies.
Download publications at:
www.lucynorris.co.uk
1 Textile recyclers sort used clothing into over 2 Clothing is compressed into bales weighing up to
DOCUMENTARY: ‘Unravel’
400 categories. 1000kg each.
(dir. Meghna Gupta 2012)
aeon.co/videos/this-is-the-
final-resting-place-of-your-
By Lucy Norris cast-off-clothing
Used winter clothing can be hard to sell into Reshma, who is a sorter, reflects on the situation
global re-use markets, which either have hotter with both wonder and pity at the lifestyles she
climates (sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia) or imagines women in richer countries enjoy — free
customers who value only high quality, branded to wear want they want and then discard it so
garments (Eastern Europe, Russia). The Indian easily. But her husband concludes, “you tend to
textile recycling industry imports coats, jackets get dressed for other people… but at the end of
and jumpers to shred them and reclaim their the day you’ll be as beautiful as God made you.
fibres. The fibres can be spun into recycled All people have a natural beauty.”
yarns. These are then woven into cheap blankets,
shawls and even fabric for new garments. But Profits in this global second-hand trade 3 The UK is one of the largest global exporters of used 4 Used clothing is exported to sub-Saharan Africa,
these are prime examples of down-cycling, have depended upon brokers in the middle textiles, but clothing is often re-sorted in import/export South Asia, Eastern Europe and Russia for re-use
hubs before reaching its final destination. and recycling.
where poor-quality recycled materials mean connecting dealers, while those at either end
that products often don’t last long. know very little about the system as a whole.
The workers who sort, prepare and shred the
The economic, social and geographical distance used clothing regard it as a resource upon
between disposer and recycler means that they which their livelihood depends, but working
know little about each others’ lives, and reveals conditions in the recycling factories are often
cultural differences around the value of clothing. poor and unregulated. While expensive new
Indian families tend to use and reuse cloth technologies are promising to transform the
until it literally falls apart, and clothing is never landscape of textile recycling in the global north,
simply thrown away. The film Unravel shows will these marginal industries in the global south
sorters at a processing factory wondering how be incorporated into reconfigured recycling
the huge piles of nearly-new clothing can be economies in such a way as to ensure that they
simply discarded, imagining that there must be are transparent, equitable, and sustainable?
a water shortage abroad, and that it is cheaper to
5 India imports over 100,000 tonnes of used clothing a year 6 Women prepare the clothing for shredding by hand.
give them away than wash them. to supply its textile recycling industry.76
36 37Transparency
transparency is beautiful
Knowledge, information,
honesty. These three
things have the power to
transform the industry.
And it starts with one
accountability simple question:
Who made my clothes?
THE SITUATION NOW: WHY WE NEED TRANSPARENCY
BRANDS DON’T EVEN KNOW Lack of transparency costs lives.
WHO MAKES THEIR CLOTHES.
It’s impossible for companies to make
Too many fashion brands do not know sure human rights are respected and that
in which factories their products are environmental practices are sound without
made and very few brands know where knowing where their products are made.
things like zippers, buttons, thread and
change
even the fabric comes from. That’s why transparency is essential.
Transparency means companies know
And it’s not just brands and retailers. who makes their clothes – at least where
There are lots of middle-men involved they are stitched as a first step – and
too – wholesalers, agents, supply communicate this to their customers,
chain managers, and distributors. shareholders and staff.
These are important and profitable
parts of the industry that the public This is what Fashion Revolution
doesn’t really see. is asking for. Knowledge,
information, honesty.
38 3940
ARE THE
150 BIGGEST
www.fashionrevolution.org/transparency
FA S H I O N T R A N S PA R E N C Y I N D E X 2 0 1 8
FA S H I O N B R A N D S ?
H O W T R A N S PA R E N T
H OW T R A N S PA R E N T A R E T H E
1 5 0 B I G G E S T G LO BA L FA S H I O N B R A N D S ?
Average score
is 52 out of 250
(21%). 1% more
than last year.
Only 10 brands
12 brands scored score higher
0%, disclosing than 50%
next to nothing Not a single
brand is scoring
above 60%
40
20
NO. OF BRANDS
0 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
FINAL SCORE (%)
TRANSPARENCY
4142
H OW M U C H I N F O R M AT I O N D O B R A N D S
SHARE ABOUT THEIR SUPPLIERS?
37% of brands are 18% of brands publish But only 1 brand is
publishing supplier lists their processing facilities publishing its suppliers
(which covers at least tier 1) where clothes are dyed, of raw material
printed and finished
I N C R E AS E I N
* AV E R AG E AC R O S S 98 B R A N D S R E V I E W E D I N 2018
T R A N S PA R E N C Y
43FASHION
REVOLU-
TIONARY
44 45BE CURIOUS.
FIND OUT.
How you can
become
a Fashion
Revolutionary
DO
You re-shape the
fashion industry
You re-shape the fashion industry every
time you find stories about your clothes,
SOMETHING.
talk about them with others, share them
– the lives of its online, and discuss what’s right and wrong
producers, its about them. What you think, say and do
workers – every changes fashion.
time you buy or You hold the power to influence the kind of
dispose of clothing. world you want live in and that you want for
others. Your words and where you put your
money matters. It sends a signal about
what you believe in.
It just takes three
simple steps...
Photography by Humana Fundación Pueblo para Pueblo
46 www.fashionrevolution.org/events 47TAKE A LOOK AT Fashion Revolution calls on
YOUR CLOTHES all of us to be curious about
our clothes. You can start by
simply turning an item of
clothing inside out to look at
the stitching. Notice its wavy
seams, and where the loose
ends of the threads have been
cut off. These are all traces of
the work done by the people
who made your clothes.
LOOK AT THE LABEL GET THINKING
Your label will tell you in which Where did the materials
country your clothing was come from? Where were
made – so you’ll know that the they made? What’s it like
people who stitched it together to work there? What kind of
live in Bangladesh, Cambodia people are involved? What
or Romania, for example. The are their lives like? Being
label will also tell you what interested in the answers to
materials have been used, these kinds of questions is
such as cotton or polyester. the best first step towards
changing the story for the
But your label won’t tell you people who make our clothes.
where in the world the cotton
was farmed, where the fibre
was spun into a yarn, where
the yarn was woven into a
BE fabric, where it was dyed and
printed. It won’t tell you where
the thread, dyes, zips, buttons,
CURIOUS beading or other features
came from.
Look at your clothes with
different eyes. Ask more than
“does this look great on me?”.
Ask “who made my clothes?”.
4848 49ASK BRANDS Turn you clothes inside out, or Some brands won’t answer at
WHO MADE MY at least make your label visible, all. Some might tell you where
CLOTHES? then take a selfie. Post your your clothes were made but
selfie on whatever social media not who made them. Some will
platform you prefer with the direct you to their corporate
hashtag #whomademyclothes? social responsibility policy. Only
Don’t forget to tag the brand a few pioneers will show that
you’re wearing to encourage they know something about the
them to answer your question. people who make their clothes.
The best companies will ask for
the RN number on your clothing
label and from this give you
specific information. RN stands
for ‘registered number’ which
hold information about its
import and export data.
Tens of thousands of people
have already done this, and the
answers have become more
and more interesting as the
conversation evolves.
What will your answer be?
TAKE A SELFIE
SHOWING YOUR LABEL
__________
ASK THE BRAND
#WHOMADEMYCLOTHES?
50 51# WHO MA DE MYCLOT HES? 52 53
HOW TO BECOME What are you wearing as you
A FASHION read this now? Have you got
DETECTIVE 30 minutes to investigate
it online? What could you
uncover? Reconstruct the story
of your clothes by investigating
blogs, online encyclopedias,
corporate, NGO and news
websites.
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
There are loads of organisations
that focus on specific issues
like fair wages, toxic chemicals
and child labour. There’s a list
at the end of this booklet. Find
out what they’re doing on these
issues. Visit their websites, DOWNLOAD THE APP
read their reports, attend their Good On You helps you choose
events. You’ll be an expert brands that have a positive
before you know it. impact while you’re out
shopping. Not My Style tells you
And before you buy something, how transparent your favourite
inform yourself about it. If you brands are about their supply
feel unsure, think about the chain (currently only available
alternatives. Could you buy the in London). Faer provides
same thing second hand? Is information on how and where
there an ethically, sustainably a brand produces its clothes,
made alternative? Do you really and information about fabrics
need it? If we think a little more and dyes used. These apps
before we buy, we can change can help tell you the social or
the world one outfit at a time. environmental impact of the
products you buy.
FIND
OUT
Take a step further.
Get to know your
clothes even better.
54 55TAKING A CLOSER We believe transparency is HOW TO USE THE FASHION
LOOK AT YOUR the first step to transform the TRANSPARENCY INDEX
CLOTHES industry. And it starts with
one simple question: Who The FTI focuses on five areas:
made my clothes? When we Policy & Commitments;
are equipped with credible Governance; Traceability; Know,
information about the human Show, Fix; and Spotlight Issues.
and environmental impacts 2018’s spotlight issues were
of the clothes we buy, we are Women, Workers and Waste.
able to make more informed There’s still so much work to do.
shopping choices. As a result, Only 10 brands scored higher
transparency builds trust in than 50%.
the brands we buy. Why not look at how your
The 2018 Fashion Transparency favourite brands scored
Index reviews and ranks 150 of here. And don’t forget to let
the biggest global fashion and brands know how you feel
apparel brands and retailers about their FTI rating, using
according to how much #whomademyclothes – the
information they disclose about louder our voice the more
their suppliers, supply chain attention brands will pay!
policies and practices, and social
and environmental impact.
WHO MADE MY CLOTHES?
56 57DENIM SILK FLEECE
Denim was invented in 1873 by Jacob Davis Silk is a luxurious natural protein fibre Fleece is a fabric made from synthetic fibres
and Levi Strauss.50 Denim is cotton-based, and produced by moth caterpillars in order to spin and is designed to mimic the qualities of wool.
can be woven with other fibres to add elements its cocoon. Mulberry silk worms feast on the Fleece is made from poly-ethylene terephthalate
denim traditionally lacks, such as elastane to leaves of least 3 trees to produce 3kg of silk. (PET aka plastic), this means that fleece can be
add stretch. Jeans are the most popular denim It’s a very strong fibre.58 made from recycled plastic bottles.
product with 1.24 billion pairs sold annually.51
WASHING DISPOSE WASHING and roll the towel up to WASHING DISPOSE
Always close zips or Denim is a very durable Check the label. If pre- get out excess water. A fleece jacket may shed Fleece can potentially
buttons and turn your material and should last washed, some silk items Lay flat to dry in order to as many as 250,000 be recycled if 100%
denim garment inside out you a long while. First can be machine washed prevent too many creases. microfibres per wash, which polyester, check the label
before washing. If your check if you can you but always use the Never dry garments can release toxins as they or contact to the company
jeans aren’t dirty, don’t pass along your pre-loved delicates setting or the on a wooden rack, this break down and poison to find out how. Fleece
wash them, freeze them! denim to a friend. When silk specific programme can leave stains. Never the food chain once they can also be down-cycled
Try popping your denim you decide it’s time and wash at 30°C or dry using heat (i.e. on a reach the water supply.61 into building insulation.
garments in a bag and put to part with your denim, lower. For extra protection radiator or in the tumble Wash your fleece garments If in good condition, you
them in the freezer to get it’s possible that it can you should wash silk dryer), this can cause with a Cora Ball62 or using might consider donating
rid of germs and freshen be reused or recycled or garments in a mesh shrinkage or damage. Guppy Friend63 wash bag the item to charities
them up. If you absolutely down-cycled. For example, bag.59 If hand washing, in order to prevent this that provide clothing to
have to wash them, do so Blue Jeans Go Green add 1/4 cup distilled DISPOSE from happening. homeless people.
at 30°C. turns denim that can’t white vinegar to 3.5 litres If properly cared for, silk
be re-worn into building of water. This restores its garments should last a DRYING
DRYING insulation, keeping it out shine. Submerge and soak very long time. However if Avoid tumble drying and
When drying denim, of landfill for a while.53 before rinsing a number of you no longer want your ironing fleece. Heat and
flatten the garment into times in fresh water. silk garment, you might friction will cause the tiny
shape then hang-dry or try selling it on, gifting it plastic fibres that make up
Love your clothes for longer by understanding dry flat. This prevents, or DRYING to someone who will wear fleece to melt. Lay flat to
at least reduces, the need Once clean, lay the damp it or transforming it into dry and prevent creasing.
how best to wash and care for various types of to iron the garment.52 garment flat on a towel another item you’ll use.
fabrics. Here’s a quick guide to get you started.
COT TON WOOL, CASHMERE, ANIMAL HAIRS RAYON, LYOCELL , MODAL ACRYLIC, NYLON, POLYESTER
Cotton accounts for 40% of global textile Wool is a yarn that is created from the fleece These semi-synthetic fibres derive from raw Synthetic fibres are cheap to produce and
production47 and supports the livelihoods of an of animals such as sheep, goats, llamas or natural materials but are treated with chemical offer increased durability and diversity of
estimated 300 million people across the world. camelids. Individual wool fibres attach together processes in order to create wearable textiles. uses compared to many natural fibres.
It is woven from the fluffy ball of pale soft fibres when spun to create yarn, which is then used Also known as ‘cellulosic fibres’.60 However, these fabrics are not environmentally
that encase the seeds of the cotton plant. to create garments.54 Wool retains warmth well friendly and can take hundreds of years to
and is naturally stain and wrinkle resistant and WASHING STORE biodegrade.64
absorbent, which makes it easy to dye.55 Turn your clothes inside These sorts of fabrics are
WASHING DISPOSE out before washing in the not particularly prone to
Natural fibres can be Cotton is a natural WASHING DISPOSE
WASHING left in storage. machine. If hand-washing, creasing and can be folded
prone to shrinkage so fibre and if non-dyed When machine washing If you must get rid of your
Like denim, animal hairs Putting cedar wood balls use 30°C temperature in drawers or stored hang-
always wash on a cool or vegetable-dyed can clothes made from syn- synthetic garment, bring
should only be washed in your wardrobe can help water with mild deter- ing in your wardrobe.
wash (max 30°C) or in potentially be composted. thetics fibres, wash them it to your local textile
when absolutely needed. keep them away, or store gent and skip the fabric
lukewarm water. But this is rarely the DISPOSE with a Cora Ball or using recycling collection point
Always use a detergent your woollens in sealed softener. Avoid wringing
case with typical cotton Modal and lyocell a Guppy Friend wash bag for reuse, recycling or
designed for woollens and cotton bags as moths out rayon (also called
garments, unless certified fibres especially are very in order to prevent tiny down-cycling. For now,
DRYING wash on a gentle cycle or don’t like cotton. Put wool- viscose) items as this can
‘organic’. It is also durable and should last microfibres from polluting most synthetic fibres can-
Cotton is best dried flat hand wash.56 lens in the freezer for 24 leave them misshapen.
possible to recycle cotton. you years if properly cared the water supply. not be recycled but some
or hang-dried to prevent hours, take out and bring companies are developing
the need for ironing. If If your garment is beyond DRYING for. If no longer wanted,
wearable and can’t be DRYING up to room temperature, Rayon is prone to shrink- bring to your local textile DRYING technologies that will
an item requires ironing Dry the garment flat and repeat once again to It’s best to hang dry make this more possible
then best to do so whilst composted, then take age, so always lay flat to recycling collection point
it to the nearest textile and placed in its normal get rid of moths.57 dry. Modal and lyocell are for reuse or down-cycling. synthetic garments. They in future. If 100% poly-
slightly damp or use shape. If you hand- shouldn’t need long to ester, check the label or
a steam setting.48 recycling bin. If nothing much more resilient and
washed the garment, DISPOSE dry. Never tumble dry contact the brand to find
else, old cotton clothes or can be tumble dried if
place the damp garment First, try swapping with a synthetic fabrics as this out how it can be recycled.
home textiles can make absolutely required.
flat on a clean towel, roll friend as woollen clothes weakens and damages Sounds obvious but never
useful cleaning rags.49
the towel up and squeeze can often have a long the fibres quickly. burn synthetic fabrics as
out excess water. lifespan. Otherwise, pure, it can release poisonous
un-dyed or vegetable-dyed gases into the air.
animal fibres can be
STORE composted, as long as the
Moths love woollens and garment doesn’t contain
often leave big holes in any synthetic fibres or
clothes. Moths don’t like dyes (check the label). If
light so regularly worn in decent condition, your
items are less likely to end local charity shop may
58 up with holes than those 59
also accept it.BUY BETTER, BUY LESS
BUY LESS. We are buying more and
INVEST IN
Kaitie Jones Knit
wearing it less. In the last 15
SUCCESS.
years, the number of times
we wear a garment before
throwing it away or recycling it
has decreased by 36%. In China,
that figure is a whopping 70%.
Reverse the trend: Buy less and CHAMPION NEW DESIGNERS
wear it more! One great way to invest is to
discover a new designer and
become a loyal customer. Doing
so means you’ll be involved
in all aspects of a fashion
start-up, from invitations to
special sample sales and pop
up shops, to huge discounts
on bespoke pieces. There are
Eileen Fisher
thousands of young emerging
designers all over the world
working sustainably who are
waiting to be discovered.
BUY BETTER
DO
Pachacuti hat weavers
The Investment Buy is the
opposite of the cheap haul. It’s
SOMETHING all about saving money to buy
that one special piece, a ‘good
friend’ as Joan Crawford said.
Becoming a fashion Buy one good one instead of
three cheap ones. It’s all about GO ARTISANAL
revolutionary can be as buying with care and loving it
Look for unique artisanal
simple as tweaking the for longer.
crafts when you’re shopping
way your shop, use and ASK WHY? and you could be supporting
the livelihoods of an entire
dispose of your clothing. How many times do we buy community somewhere in the
just because we can, because world, empowering the women
it’s so cheap? But if something who made it.
seems impossibly cheap, a
bargain too good to be true, it
probably is. Question ‘why?’.
60 616 ACTIONS
TO ASK YOUR
GOVERNMENT OR Make it easy for citizens to Raise taxes on the use of virgin
LOCAL AUTHORITY reuse and repair clothes and materials and issue penalties
TO TAKE shoes. for creating textile waste.
Cut taxes for using recycled
materials and recycling
clothing and textiles.
Make it easy for citizens to
recycle used clothing and
textiles.
Invest in research,
infrastructure and innovations
to reduce clothing and textile
Provide more information for waste and build circular
FASHION
citizens on reusing, repairing economies.
and recycling used clothing
and textiles.
Pass “extended producer
responsibility” legislation
so that businesses are
REVOLUTION
accountable for the textile
waste they create.
22nd-28th April 2019
fashionrevolution.org @fash_rev
62 63RENT, SWISH, YOU’RE HIRED MEND, MAKE You can easily find places,
SWAP. BUY Hiring is new to the scene, AND CUSTOMIZE physical and online, that will
SECOND HAND teach you amazing ways to
but a great alternative if you
AND VINTAGE customise, mend, transform
can’t afford the latest designer
PIECES. and revitalise your clothes.
wares. The global clothing
rental market is estimated to be
worth US $9.1million. Needless
to say, you can hire celebrities’ FIX UP, LOOK SHARP
GO CHARITY SHOPPING gowns, post Hollywood party If something’s broken, fix it
At the speed at which we pieces, ex fashion photoshoot yourself or take it to a local tailor.
consume right now, last samples and a whole lot more. A rip, a missing button or a stain
season’s collections are in the Why buy expensive stuff you should never stand in the way of
charity shops in a matter of might only wear once when you you and a good outfit.
months. That means you can can hire it?
recreate your favourite looks, Check out fashion rental
personalise them, and do websites Oprent (oprent.com),
your bit to stop perfectly good Wear the Walk (wearthewalk.
garments going to landfill. co.uk), Higher Studio (higher.
studio) and Rent the Runway TAILOR AWAY
(renttherunway.com).
If you’ve fallen out of love with a
piece of clothing, don’t throw it HAVE A GO
out, change it up. You can tailor Why not think about making your
clothes to a different shape, own clothes? You’ll have to learn
add new embellishments, how to sew a little bit, but once
dye it a different colour. You you start, you’ll feel empowered
could turn it into something to continue doing it. And then
completely new, like a scarf or think about the possibilities!
an accessory.
SWAP ‘TIL YOU DROP
If you’re sick of your wardrobe DONATE YOUR It’s great that you give your Not that you shouldn’t give
and in need of a fashion fix, CLOTHES clothes to charity shops when your clothes to charity shops,
then you could swap clothes RESPONSIBLY you don’t want them anymore. you should! But consider more
BUY VINTAGE with your friends. Go to a big But our unwanted second carefully where you choose
swishing event, host your own hand clothing is becoming a to donate. For example, you
Stylists use it, celebrities swishing party or even swap problem for some countries in might donate your clothes to
swear by it, and it’s a your clothes online. Global the developing world. According help people get to back to work
sustainable way to buy. Vintage Fashion Exchange will help you to Oxfam, more than 70% of the with organizations like Dress for
gives you personal style and on your way. clothes donated globally end up Success or Career Wardrobe.
means you’ll be reusing, in Africa, which has destroyed Or you might look out for local
repurposing and extending the the economy for local tailors. clothing drives to help the
life of beautiful clothes. homeless, refugees or people
in crisis.
64 65EXPRESS Saint Martin’s who interpreted GET OTHERS There are also loads of
Photography by Percy Dean
YOURSELF the issues surrounding the INVOLVED schools and universities
impact of the fashion industry getting involved in Fashion
on the environment for FASHION Revolution too. Is there a
CHANGE ENVIRONMENT ZINE 003. Fashion Revolution team where
you study? If not, start one.
Become a Student Ambassador
and represent your university
for Fashion Revolution. Email
education@fashionrevolution.
org to register your interest.
Use music, art, poetry or
performance to inspire
others to become Fashion
Revolutionaries too. Check out SEE IT TO HOST A SCREENING
the choreography in the award BELIEVE IT
winning film Who Made My There are some powerful films
BE A CRAFTIVIST and documentaries about the
Clothes? directed by MJ Delaney.
Use craft as a tool for gentle fashion industry.
Get inspired by the drawings protest. Join the Craftivist
and visuals made by the Collective and change the Why not host a film screening
graphics students of Central world, one stitch at a time. FIND THE #HAULTERNATIVE and gather some experts to
lead a discussion.
Find the #Haulternative
GO GUERRILLA This is for those who are a bit You don’t need to buy new
STYLE subversive. Make your own clothes to enjoy a haul. Instead
art about Fashion Revolution of the traditional fashion haul,
and paste it up around your where you go shopping and
city. Stage a cheeky public post a video of what you’ve
stunt. Organise a critical mass bought, try a #haulternative; a
cycle ride. Host an alternative way of refreshing your wardrobe
fashion show. Gentle forms of without buying new clothes.
protest can make the strongest YouTube vloggers, including
statements. Noodlerella, CutiePieMarzia and
Bip Ling, share a better way to
FASH MOB haul that’s fun and fabulous,
A Flash Mob assembles a from upcycling to swaps to
group of people to make a finding gems in charity shops.
public statement through Check out their #haulternative
performance. You could on Youtube and film your own.
organise a “Fash-mob” to get For more ideas, download our
people thinking about who Haulternative pdf.
makes their clothes.
66 67MAKE YOUR At Fashion Revolution, we’ve Listen to the 3-part podcast
VOICE HEARD already been meeting with Who Made Your Clothes where
politicians at the United we discuss the findings of the
Nations and European Union Garment Workers Diaries which
to discuss how important it is documents the everyday lives
that that the fashion industry and wages of garment workers in
is made safer, fairer and Bangladesh, Cambodia and India.
WRITE TO YOUR cleaner. The UK government
POLICYMAKERS is also investigating the and makers behind our clothes.
impacts of fast fashion through Encourage your favourite
Governments have a part to its Environmental Audit
play in helping fashion become brands to share stories from
Committee. their makers too.
a force for good. Politicians
and policymakers can make But your voice would amplify www.fashionrevolution.org/blog
a difference through laws this message. Write, call, tweet
and government policies and your local politicians and tell
practices. And as citizens, it’s them what you want to know JOIN OTHER There are hundreds of Get involved in their campaigns
our job to tell politicians what about your clothing. Lead a CAMPAIGNS organisations focused on too. Find out who is doing what
kind of world we want to live in. rally or a public demonstration. social and environmental in your country and local area.
Tell them that you want more issues in the fashion and
Watch pioneering designer protection for both the people textiles industry.
Katharine Hamnett on how and the environment that the
to write a postcard to a fashion industry depends on.
policymaker on our website. KEY ORGANISATIONS
ADDRESSING FASHION WASTE
MAKE A Make a simple promise or set “this year I’m only
STATEMENT yourself a challenge. Share it going to buy what
Centre for Circular Design MISTRA Future Fashion
on social media and get your I absolutely need”
www.circulardesign.org.uk www.mistrafuturefashion.com
friends to join you. This should
get you thinking more deeply “this year I’m only
Cradle to Cradle Products Innovation Reverse Resources
about what you wear, why and going to buy second-
Institute www.reverseresources.net
how. It might even boost your hand clothes”
www.c2ccertified.org
style creativity. TRAID
“i’m going to repair
ECAP www.traid.org.uk
To learn how to fix a hole in a a piece of clothing
www.ecap.eu.com
jumper, watch the tutorial by every day”
crochet queen, Orsola de Castro. WRAP
Ellen MacArthur Foundation www.wrap.org.uk
www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org
MEET THE Discover the real people who Find out what their lives are like Zero Waste Europe
MAKERS make your clothes. See their and where they live. Visit the Greenpeace www.zerowasteeurope.eu
faces and hear their inspiring ‘Meet the Maker’ section on our www.greenpeace.org/international/en/
stories. blog to hear straight from the campaigns/detox
producers, garment workers
68 694 FASHION
CURATED BY:
Sass Brown
Author of
“ReFashioned:
BRANDS
Cutting Edge Clothing
From Upcycled
Materials” and
Founding Dean
of Dubai Institute NAME : Ecoalf
THAT ARE
of Design and LOCATION : Spain
Innovation.
ecoalf.com @ecoalf
"Discarded fishing nets, post-consumer plastic
DESIGNING
bottles, worn-out tires, post-industrial cotton, and
even used coffee grinds become our outerwear,
swimsuits, sneakers and accessories. In order to
ensure 100% transparency and provide the highest
OUT WASTE
levels of quality, our team manages the full process
from waste collection to recycling technologies,
manufacture, design and retail."
NAME : Doodleage
LOCATION : India
www.doodlage.in @doodlageofficial
"With 40% of garment production being done in
India, Bangladesh and China, these countries alone
produce enough waste to be able to create 6 billion
garments from just scraps and leftovers. These were
some alarming stats that led us into creating a brand
using fabric that would otherwise go into landfills."
NAME : Suave NAME : Bethany Williams
LOCATION : Kenya LOCATION : United Kingdom
suavekenya.com @suave_ke bethany-williams.com
@bethany_williams_london
"We buy unwanted and unsellable clothing
from traders at the biggest second hand "For my most recent collection
market in Kenya. We source waste offcuts 'Women of Change' I have worked
from big factories manufacturing clothes for alongside San Patrignano in Rimini,
export, and we also buy rejected, lower grade Italy – an education and rehabilitation
leather from local tanneries, materials that programme for people with drug and
have been left behind by other buyers." alcohol dependency that teaches
traditional Italian craft and fosters
a sense of community. Together
we developed hand-woven textiles
from recycled packaging materials
found within the workshop."
70 71Calling all Fashion
Revolutionaries!
Join the
Fashion Revolution.
Download our Get Involved pack
www.fashionrevolution.org/get-involved
72 73MANIFESTO
FOR A I wholeheartedly
FASHION REVOLUTION support this
We are Fashion Revolution. We are designers, producers, makers, workers and Fashion
Revolution,
consumers. We are academics, writers, business leaders, brands, retailers, trade unions
and policymakers. We are the industry and the public.
let’s endeavour
We are world citizens. We are a movement and a community. We are you.
We love fashion. But we don’t want our clothes to exploit people or destroy our planet. We
to follow this
demand radical, revolutionary change.
This is our dream...
manifesto
with every
fashionable
step we take!
Fashion provides dignified work, from conception to creation to catwalk. It does not
enslave, endanger, exploit, overwork, harass, abuse or discriminate against anyone.
Fashion liberates worker and wearer and empowers everyone to stand up for their rights.
Fashion provides fair and equal pay. It enriches the livelihood of everyone working
across the industry, from farm to shop floor. Fashion lifts people out of poverty,
creates thriving societies and fulfils aspiration.
— ARIZONA MUSE —
MODEL
Fashion gives people a voice, making it possible to speak up
without fear, join together in unity without repression and negotiate
for better conditions at work and across communities.
74 75Fashion respects culture and heritage. It fosters, celebrates and rewards skills and
craftsmanship. It recognises creativity as its strongest asset. Fashion never appropriates
without giving due credit or steals without permission. Fashion honours the artisan.
Fashion creates Fashion stands for solidarity, inclusiveness and democracy, regardless of race,
class, gender, age, shape or ability. It champions diversity as crucial for success.
meaning, and
meaning creates
Fashion conserves and restores the environment. It does not deplete precious
resources, degrade our soil, pollute our air and water or harm our health. Fashion
protects the welfare of all living things and safeguards our diverse ecosystems.
action. Let us act
together towards
Fashion never unnecessarily destroys or discards but mindfully redesigns and
recuperates in a circular way. Fashion is repaired, reused, recycled and upcycled. Our
wardrobes and landfills do not overflow with clothes that are coveted but not cherished,
bought but not kept.
a sustainable
future in fashion!
Fashion is transparent and accountable. Fashion embraces clarity and does not hide
behind complexity nor rely upon trade secrets to derive value. Anyone, anywhere can
find out how, where, by whom and under what conditions their clothing is made.
Join Fashion Fashion measures success by more than just sales and profits. Fashion places equal
Revolution.
value on financial growth, human wellbeing and environmental sustainability.
Fashion lives to express, delight, reflect, protest, comfort, commiserate and share.
Fashion never subjugates, denigrates, degrades, marginalises or compromises.
Fashion celebrates life.
— CÉLINE SEMAAN —
D E S I G N E R , A D V O C AT E , W R I T E R A N D
SIGN THE MANIFESTO
F O U N D E R O F S L O W FA C T O R Y A N D T H E L I B R A R Y
Join the call for a #FashionRevolution.
Let us rise up together and turn this dream into reality!
www.fashionrevolution.org/manifesto
76 77Discover
more
READING LIST Tansy Hoskins OTHER KEY REPORTS AND RESOURCES FILM LIBRARY
Stitched Up [2014]
Sandy Black http://www.tansyhoskins.org/stitchedupbook/ ECAP www.pinterest.com/fashrevglobal/
The Sustainable Fashion Handbook [2012] Sustainable Clothing Guide film-library/
www.thamesandhudson.com/ Michael Lavergne http://www.made-by.org/projects/ecap/
The_Sustainable_Fashion_ Fixing Fashion: Rethinking the Way We Make,
Handbook/9780500290569 Market and Buy Our Clothes [2015] Ellen MacArthur Foundation FREE DOWNLOADS
http://www.fixingfashion.com/ The Circular Economy: A Wealth of Flows
Michael Braungart & William McDonough https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation. Fashion Revolution posters,
Cradle to Cradle [2002] Annie Leonard org/publications/the-circular-economy-a- social media assets and branding
https://www.cradletocradle.com/ The Story of Stuff [2010] wealth-of-flows-2nd-edition www.fashionrevolution.org/resources/
https://storyofstuff.org/book/ brand-guidelines-and-assets/
Andrew Brooks Fashion Revolution
Clothing Poverty [2015] Safia Minney Fashion Transparency Index
http://www.clothingpoverty.com/ Slow Fashion [2016] https://www.fashionrevolution.org/about/ INSPIRATION
http://www.safia-minney.com/books.html transparency/
Sass Brown For more inspiration, infographics and
Refashioned [2013] Clare Press Greenpeace ideas, check out our Pinterest boards
https://www.laurenceking.com/us/product/ Wardrobe Crisis [2016] After the Binge The Hangover www.pinterest.com/fashrevglobal
refashioned/ https://www.skyhorsepublishing.com/search- https://www.greenpeace.org/international/
results/?keyword=9781510723429 publication/6884/after-the-binge-the- Fashion Revolution Blog
Jonathan Chapman hangover/ www.fashionrevolution.org/blog/
Emotionally Durable Design [2005] Lucy Siegle
https://www.routledge.com/Emotionally- To Die For: Is Fashion Wearing Out Greenpeace
Durable-Design-Objects-Experiences-and- The World? [2011] Fashion at the Crossroads EVENTS
Empathy/Chapman/p/book/9780415732154 www.harpercollins.co.uk/ https://www.greenpeace.org/international/
titles/9780007264094/to-die-for- publication/6969/fashion-at-the- There are now Fashion Revolution teams in
Elizabeth Cline lucy-siegle crossroads/ over 100 countries and you can get involved
Overdressed: The Shockingly High by attending events in your area.
Cost of Cheap Fashion [2012] Emily Spivack TED www.fashionrevolution.org/events
www.overdressedthebook.com/author.html Worn Stories [2014] Textile Toolbox
http://wornstories.com/ http://www.textiletoolbox.com/ Follow your country’s Facebook and Twitter
Kate Fletcher pages to stay in touch with what’s happening.
Craft of Use: Post Growth Fashion [2016] Clare Press WRAP
http://katefletcher.com/publications/books/ Rise and Resist [2018] Love Your Clothes
craft-of-use-post-growth-fashion/ https://www.clarepress.com/book/ http://www.wrap.org.uk/content/love-your-
78 clothes-waste-prevention 79You can also read
