OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020

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OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020
INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP

OUTLOOK 2021

  JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC
      Published: December 14, 2020
OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020
The prospects of a post-pandemic world have brightened.
We expect macroeconomic conditions to evolve positively
as organic growth ensues due to the reopening of global
economies augmented by fiscal and monetary initiatives as
well as a therapeutic response to COVID-19, which builds a
supportive and positive impulse that persists through 2021
and beyond.
Certainly, we host concerns about the remaining level of
underemployment, the pace of inoculations that speed the
world closer to economic normality, tensions in the Middle
East, and China’s drive toward hegemonic superiority. Yet,
none turns aside our baseline expectation.
OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020
I N V E S T M E N T S T R AT E G Y G R O U P

OUTLOOK 2021
OVERVIEW
While we did not build a global pandemic into our forecasts last year, the outcome for the markets settled about where we
expected. Stocks posted a strong year with many global bourses, including the large cap U.S. proxy, generating returns in excess
of historical averages. Bonds benefited from the massive injection of monetary liquidity and accommodative policy setting to
deliver handsome gains as well.

Concerns that some of the recovery was artificially induced by the unprecedented level of intervention lead some to remain
skeptical the advance can continue. We are not among them. The key is the transition from liquidity to sustainable growth and
there are myriad signs of that handoff occurring.

Economy & Equity Markets...........................................................................................................................................................Page: 4
•	A renewed economic expansion is underway. The nadir of the pandemic-induced contraction occurred in April, leading to a
   subsequent robust and sustainable rebound.

•	Rapidly rising corporate profits and the lack of alternatives for investors seeking attractive real returns is a setup for equities to
   climb higher, perhaps substantially so.

•	Foreign equities are attractive, but the catalyst to unlocking their value is virus mitigation and a proportional response to the
   significant fiscal and monetary policies enacted.

•	Central banks are highly unlikely to rescind their monetary largesse anytime soon. Indeed, many stand ready to do more as
   needed to reflate their respective economies.

•	A weaker dollar should boost commodities. The recovery in demand on the back of the improving growth outlook will favor oil
   and precious/industrial metals.

•	Geopolitical policy uncertainty will recede as the incoming Administration takes a multilateral approach to trade and other
   matters, further helping to support global risk assets.

Fixed Income & Interest Rates.....................................................................................................................................................Page: 8
•	It has been an exceptional year in fixed income, with returns marred by a short-lived credit crisis, but ultimately saved by plunging
   interest rates and Federal Reserve action.
•	We anticipate long-term interest rates will continue to rise (albeit unevenly) and credit conditions will improve as the economic
   growth cycle persists.

•	Cash and equivalent yields will continue to be anchored by the zero-bound policy authored by monetary officials, pressing and
   holding real returns into negative territory.

•	The release of unused credit reserves from the banking system could provide a surprising tailwind for credit-sensitive assets,
   pulling spreads tighter.

•	In general, it remains a time to take credit risk and not interest rate risk, so we favor shorter-term, lower-rated bonds for better
   returns in the coming year.

•	Our favorite sectors are short-term taxable municipal and BBB-rated corporates, or, for those with the appropriate risk budget,
   short-term BB- and even B-rated high yield bonds.

                                    © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 3 OF 10
OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020
ECONOMY & EQUITY MARKETS
                                       Our base case is that the vaccines will allow a progressive reopening of the economy
                                       at large, and importantly be accompanied by the sectors currently still under full or
                                       partial lockdown.
                                       The news that vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna are around 95%
                                       efficacious is very encouraging. The Oxford-AstraZeneca announcement is also a source
                                       of optimism, even if the trial results have been challenged. Moreover, other vaccines are
                                       currently in the final testing stage, which could bring even more options to the public.
                                       Some healthcare experts speculate that approximately 1.5 billion people globally will
MARK LUSCHINI, CMT                     be vaccinated by next winter if all goes well. That will lead to a further improvement in
Chief Investment Strategist
                                       employment, consumer and business sentiment, and aggregate demand.
President and Chief
Investment Officer, Janney
Capital Management                     PATH TO NEW NORMAL                                                         which would defer the more positive growth
                                                                                                                  outlook we envision beginning sooner in the
Mark Luschini serves as                With less fear of getting infected, consumers                              New Year.
Janney’s Chief Investment              should return to shops, restaurants,
Strategist and leads the               hotels, cruise ships, airplanes, etc. This
Investment Strategy Group,                                                                                        Stimulus and Growing Deficit
which sets the firm’s view on          will have a beneficial impact on business
macroeconomics, as well as             capital expenditures, which responds                                       The long-term implications of aggressive
the equity and fixed income            to consumption with a lag, along with                                      policy stimulus will not likely be benign.
markets. In addition, Mark             profit growth. Increased profits refuel the                                What form it takes may be a matter
is the President and Chief             business cycle and beget hiring which                                      of debate, but there is little doubt it will
Investment Officer of Janney
                                       begets spending—critical as it represents                                  have consequences.
Capital Management (JCM),
the asset management                   approximately 70% of the U.S. economy.
                                                                                                                  As a share of U.S. GDP, total debt has spiked
subsidiary of Janney
Montgomery Scott. Under                Despite this optimistic base case, investors                               near a record high and, in particular, total
his leadership, JCM has                must have contingencies ready. Additional                                  nonfinancial debt has surged to new all-time
delivered competitive results          waves of infections cannot be entirely ruled                               highs. This reflects two phenomena. First,
across its suite of investment         out between now and when the vaccinations                                  the denominator of the ratio—GDP—has
strategies and grown its               are administered to large enough of the                                    collapsed. So, while debt was already close
assets under management
                                       general population to begin to achieve                                     to 80% of GDP prior to the pandemic, the
to more than $3.5 billion.
                                       herd immunity. Therefore, lockdowns might                                  collapse in GDP in the second quarter of
Mark has spent more than                                                                                          2020 grew the proportional percentage of
thirty years in the investment
                                       continue deeper into 2021 than anyone
industry. He draws on that             would hope.                                                                debt outstanding. Second, total debt also
experience to speak on topics                                                                                     highlights the rapid increase in government
related to macroeconomics              Thus, we could still face periods of                                       deficits due to the combination of 1) the
and the financial markets at           downward pressure on activity, yields, and                                 budget shortfall that already existed and was
seminars, client events and            stocks. Indeed, even if the vaccines enjoy                                 growing, plus 2) the deficit spending to fund
conferences. He is frequently          widespread adoption, near-term threats to
quoted in publications
                                                                                                                  the stimulus programs to date.
                                       economic activity remain. The realization
ranging from the Wall Street
                                       that the end of the pandemic is close                                      This problem is repeated around the world.
Journal and Barron’s to
the New York Times and                 may prompt a temporary period where                                        As Chart 1 demonstrates, nonfinancial debt
USA Today. In addition, he             households hunker down and behave in                                       levels across developed and emerging-
regularly appears in various           a very conservative fashion. After all, few                                market countries alike are rising rapidly.
media outlets including                consumers will want to contract the virus                                  Moreover, debt loads in emerging markets
CNBC, Fox Business News,                                                                                          are also extremely elevated. The latter is
and Bloomberg Television
                                       just before a vaccine becomes available.
and Radio. He has an                                                                                              particularly worrisome since in many cases,
                                       Moreover, the sight of the end of the                                      that debt is dollar-denominated. The recent
undergraduate degree in
Psychology and an MBA                  lockdowns reduces the fiscal authorities’                                  weakness in the dollar, a trend we expect
in Finance from Gannon                 urgency to provide additional and/or                                       to continue, will help for now. However, the
University and holds the               necessary support to the underemployed                                     absolute levels weigh on the service costs
Chartered Market Technician            population, small businesses, and even
(CMT) designation from
                                                                                                                  and crowd out other necessary investment
                                       certain levels of government. These                                        many of these countries need to make in
the Market Technicians
Association.
                                       dynamics could prompt a deep contraction                                   order to evolve and grow.
                                       in spending in the first quarter of 2021,

                                 © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 4 OF 10
OUTLOOK 2021 INVESTMENT STRATEGY GROUP - JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC Published: December 14, 2020
Chart 1: Private and Government Debt as Percentage of GDP                                                  exaggerated during the pandemic, it should. Between a
                                                                                                           practice of yield curve control as a means of pinning interest
                                                                                                           rates low, as is currently being practiced by the Bank of
                                                                                                           Japan and the Reserve Bank of Australia, or the Bank of
                                                                                                           England explicitly stepping in to buy the government’s
                                                                                                           issuance of bonds to spend on coronavirus relief programs,
                                                                                                           it is just around the corner if not already here.
                                                                                                           While that likely has inflationary consequence, it is probably
                                                                                                           more of a worry for later in the decade than 2021. Keep
                                                                                                           in mind that inflation is not a linear process. Once it starts
                                                                                                           to rise, it becomes very hard to control. In this regard,
                                                                                                           the experience of the late 1960s is extremely instructive.
                                                                                                           Through the 1960s boom, inflation was well behaved,
                                                                                                           contained between 0.7% and 1.2%. Then it started to rise
                                                                                                           in 1966, and quickly hit 6.1% by 1970. While the average-
                                                                                                           inflation target the Fed recently adopted is well intentioned,
                                                                                                           in an environment where governments are unlikely to
                                                                                                           curtail deficits in any hurry, it could easily unleash a long-
                                                                                                           term inflationary trend. Stay tuned.

                                                                                                           China’s Global Influence Remains Strong
                                                                                                           In our judgment, the biggest geopolitical risk remains
                                                                                                           China, although any re-engagement with Iran to allow the
                                                                                                           U.S. to pivot militarily toward China could be tricky as well.
                                                                                                           China has expanded its global influence. In the wake of the
                                                                                                           2008 crisis, the Communist Party was forced to change its
                                                                                                           national strategy to better handle demographic decline,
                                                                                                           structural economic transitioning, and rising social instability.
                                                                                                           Slower trend growth increases long-term risks to its single-
                                                                                                           party rule, and that caused the Chinese Communist Party
                                                                                                           to shift the basis of its command-control from rapid income
                                                                                                           growth to nationalism. Hence, Beijing has aggressively
                                                                                                           sought a technological “Great Leap Forward” to improve
                                                                                                           productivity while adopting a much more assertive foreign
                                                                                                           policy to build a sphere of influence in Asia Pacific. Indeed,
                                                                                                           its recent declaration of a “dual circulation” policy speaks to
 (Source: Bank for International Settlements)                                                              the need to continue exporting while buying time to build its
                                                                                                           internal consumption and self-reliance.
Going forward, either rising savings or faster nominal GDP
                                                                                                           President Xi Jinping’s “New Era” has led to a backlash from
growth will be needed to cause the debt ratios to decline.
                                                                                                           foreign powers, most markedly because of COVID-19, but
The first option is difficult; increasing savings is deflationary
                                                                                                           also with the removal of Hong Kong’s autonomy, saber-
and it could worsen the debt arithmetic by keeping real
                                                                                                           rattling in neighboring seas, and politically motivated
interest rates stubbornly high. Instead, we expect fiscal
                                                                                                           boycotts of neighboring countries like Australia. China
and monetary policy to work in tandem to lift inflation and
                                                                                                           is increasingly fearful of a U.S. containment policy and is
deflate the global debt load.
                                                                                                           adopting a new five-year plan built on accelerating its quest
Modern Monetary Theory and Inflation                                                                       for economic self-sufficiency and technological leadership.

The rising popularity of Modern Monetary Theory (MMT)                                                      President-elect Biden could seek to engage China to
fits within this paradigm shift.                                                                           manage against a dangerous rise in tensions, while
                                                                                                           approaching allies with a desire for multilateralism. Biden
MMT posits that as long as governments issue debt in their                                                 will start by trying to lower tensions with Beijing, which is
own currency, central bank money printing can finance the                                                  positive for global equity markets until otherwise indicated.
deficit. The only constraint on policymakers becomes the                                                   However, if China becomes convinced that Biden is not
level of inflation that society tolerates. If this sounds familiar                                         attempting a real diplomatic reset, but is instead pursuing
given the actions of the Federal Reserve since the Great                                                   a containment policy and technological blockade, then it
Financial Crisis, and that which has only become even more                                                 may turn increasingly aggressive over rising Taiwanese pro-

                                                © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 5 OF 10
independence sentiment. A Taiwan Strait crisis is therefore                         EQUITY MARKETS
possible and that could have a significant impact on markets,
since it sources many global products and its seas are a                            The following comments express of our central view that
conduit for a tremendous amount of trade. This situation will                       the recovery will persist at an above-trend pace in 2021.
demand close monitoring in the months to come.                                      This, in turn, should result in higher stock prices, especially
                                                                                    for value-oriented, cyclical stocks, as well as higher yields
Economic Growth Slows, but Not Fading                                               and commodity prices.

Turning back to the domestic front, data has shown a loss                           • G
                                                                                       lobal Equity Markets – U.S. equities should continue
of momentum in the last several weeks, but not so much to                             to do well. However, it is time to stage capital into
suggest that the recovery is fading materially.                                       those equity bourses that are levered to economic
                                                                                      growth, such as Europe and Japan. Also, favor emerging
Various regional Federal Reserve surveys still convey a                               markets as they should benefit from the increased
positive message about activity in geographies throughout                             demand for commodities.
the country, job growth has continued, wages are
improving, savings remain elevated, and consumer debt                               • Sectors – Overweight Industrials, Materials, and Energy,
levels—and the service cost associated with it—remain                                  and look to add Financials as the yield curve steepens.
very manageable. Housing continues to elicit remarkable                                Sectors that are less economically sensitive, such as
strength, and residential investment—important given that                              Staples and Utilities should be Underweight. Also, favor
it is unmatched in terms of the multiplier effect it has on                            small company stocks over their larger brethren as they
economic activity—is growing smartly.                                                  will prosper while domestic conditions strengthen.

While the Senatorial runoff in Georgia, scheduled for                               • Commodities – A weaker dollar and the emergence
January 5th, is a wild card given it could tilt the balance                            of inflation should boost the prospects for this complex.
of political power from gridlock if Republicans keep one                               Increasing demand should help oil prices to rise while
or both seats, to one-party rule if not. Regardless, the                               industrial and precious metals stand to benefit from
marginal advantage the Democratic Party would hold if                                  increased manufacturing activity, alternative energy
they win both seats probably means some compromise on                                  adoption, and profligate fiscal policies designed to spur
party issues will be needed for significant legislative action                         economic growth.
to be taken. That should help to neutralize the worries of                          Our prognostication for the U.S. stock market’s path
market participants that higher corporate taxes and tighter                         forward includes three potential outcomes that emanate
regulation would impair profit margins and dim the earnings                         from various economic scenarios that could unfold. We
picture for corporations.                                                           assign a likelihood to each to express our confidence level
                                                                                    in the forecast presented. In preview, we skew decidedly
Brighter View of What is to Come                                                    bullish which is indicative of our belief in the sustainability
The swift recovery in business activity, a reduction in global                      of the global equity rally.
economic uncertainty, a likely fiscal package, and the
launch of a series of vaccines with high efficacy, lead us to
be quite sanguine about the macroeconomic backdrop.
The fact that governments around the world have acted
post haste in adopting similar policies to restore activity
to pre-pandemic levels only reinforces our view. While
the surroundings of the moment are still murky, even grim
in some cases, there are very positive developments
occurring. Moreover, a means to thwart the coronavirus
from inducing further human suffering and economic
damage, which was once thought to be a distant hope, is
now approaching rapidly. The new normal, may include a
different way to do business, dine, shop, and live, but at
least it will be a safer path forward, and that pays dividends.

                         © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 6 OF 10
VARIOUS ECONOMIC SCENARIOS AND PROBABLE OUTCOMES
S&P 500 is 3,667 at the time of this writing.

 Scenario 1: Mini Boom                                                                  Scenario 2: Sturdy if Unspectacular Growth
 The economy experiences a slight downshift in growth early                             Growth in the economy stalls. However, Congress is able to
 in the year due to coronavirus mitigation efforts and the fiscal                       settle on a modest relief package, albeit one that leaves many
 cliff, which hits for more than 10 million workers that saw their                      without income near previous employment. The adoption of
 pandemic relief assistance programs expire in late December.                           the vaccinations is slower than hoped, leading to an extension
                                                                                        of social safety measures longer than anticipated.
 However, the economy’s momentum carried over from
 2020 is sufficient for employment to continue to improve.                              In turn, delays in reopening industries such as travel, leisure,
 Ultimately, a new fiscal package is delivered to extend relief                         and entertainment, which represent 10% of the economy but
 to those displaced workers until they can be reabsorbed                                25% of employment, dampens consumer confidence.
 into jobs that are opening quickly as mitigation protocols
                                                                                        Still, a supportive Federal Reserve and low yields on
 begin to loosen.
                                                                                        interest-bearing instruments leads investors to buy stocks.
 Commercial distribution of vaccines for the coronavirus reach                          With the output gap remaining high, inflation stays at non-
 enough mass around mid-year to restore activity closer to                              threatening levels, therefore interest-rate sensitive sectors
 pre-pandemic levels. The combination ignites a spurt of                                perform well.
 growth at an elevated rate.
                                                                                        Growth stocks continue their leadership, with Technology
 Risk assets rally as it occurs concurrent with similar                                 and tech-related, Health Care, Utilities, and Consumer
 sequencing around the world. While U.S. equities rise, led by                          Staples, doing well. While the Biden Administration turns
 pro-growth sectors such as Industrials, Materials, Energy, and                         the heat down on foreign policy matters in general, the
 Financials, better returns are generated in overseas markets                           bipartisan support for a tough-on-China stance keeps trade
 where the gearing is more heavily tilted toward cyclicals.                             tensions elevated and Sino-American relations iced.
 Still, rising corporate profits and estimates for double-digit                         The defensive nature of the S&P 500 keeps it among the
 gains through 2022, coupled with multiple expansion, lead                              performance leaders once again and global investors bid
 the S&P 500 to 4,500.                                                                  the market higher by about 6% to 3,900.
 Probability: 65%                                                                       Probability: 30%

 Scenario 3: Structural Issues Linger                                                 BOTTOM LINE: ENSEMBLE FORECAST

 While the economic recovery has been remarkably strong                               The economy is mending. The pace of growth could
 to date, the policies unleashed to spur its growth have been                         accelerate if three things conspire:
 unprecedented. The level of global indebtedness is spiking,                          1) Organic growth from the natural release of pent-up
 some dollar-denominated debt loads in countries like Turkey,
                                                                                      demand as reopening continues,
 Chile, and South Africa are nearly untenable, and in some
 cases monetary policy has spilled into an extension of fiscal                        2) another fiscal relief stimulus is provided to supplement the
 policy thereby blurring the lines between institutions that                          void in incomes caused by the involuntary job losses, and
 heretofore operated with at least feigned independence.
                                                                                      3) the swift and wide adoption of available vaccines leads
 The new Administration will engender enough bipartisanship
                                                                                      to herd immunity and socioeconomic normalcy perhaps by
 to pass some tax increases and tighten regulations. Other
                                                                                      the middle of the year.
 fiscal accords are viewed suspiciously by market participants
 and while the economy grows, the stock market’s valuation                            There are domestic concerns to overcome, but more
 compresses as the risk premium expands. Concerns                                     so, it is exogenous risks that stand as a greater threat
 about subdued growth due to structurally higher levels                               to undermining our sanguine views. Accounting for the
 of unemployment and softening demand incite whispers
                                                                                      probabilities assigned to the scenarios presented, our
 of deflation. Efforts to bring back production of goods of
                                                                                      ensemble price target for the S&P 500 Index is up more
 national interest and other industry is disruptive to supply
                                                                                      than 15% to roundly 4,250.
 chains and the cost of goods rises, inviting an alternative
 theory of stagflation into consideration.
 Bonds rally or fall depending on the scenario that unfolds,
 but in either case, stocks decline on lower profit expectations
 and S&P 500 index falls to 2,950.
 Probability: 5%

                           © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 7 OF 10
FIXED INCOME & INTEREST RATES
                                         For the fixed income markets, and indeed many of our personal experiences, 2020 has
                                         been a play in three acts. There was the benign introduction, then a seemingly impossible
                                         conflict, and finally a long resolution—which continues.

                                         At risk of sounding self-congratulatory, we                                 Chart 2: While the Fed Will Likely Pin Short-Term
                                         identified market plumbing in last year’s                                   Yields, Longer-Term Bond Yields Should Rise
                                                                                                                     Moderately (Dotted Lines Represent Forecasts)
                                         Outlook 2020 report as the source of the
                                         financial conflict that emerged and Fed                                      2.50%
                                         rate cuts as the cure. Both came to pass,
                                                                                                                                                      2yr Treasury                 10yr Treasury                   30yrTreasury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2.15%

GUY LEBAS, CFA®                          although the catalyst was unexpected and                                     2.00%

Chief Fixed Income Strategist            tragic. Similarly, we identified the rebound                                  1.50%

Director of Custom Fixed                 in credit in our Mid-Year 2020 Outlook, and                                                                                                                                                            1.35%

Income Solutions, Janney                 credit has indeed rebounded impressively.                                     1.00%

Capital Management                                                                                                    0.50%

Guy LeBas is responsible                 SUPPORT FOR GROWTH                                                                                                                                                                                     0.28%

                                                                                                                      0.00%
for providing direction to               THROUGH 2021
the firm’s clients on the
macroeconomic, interest                  With about two weeks left in the year,                                       (Source: Janney Investment Strategy Group; Bloomberg)
rate, and bond market                    benchmark 10-year Treasury yields declined
investing climate.                       in 2020 to 0.93% from 1.92% after having
Guy authors bond                         reached all-time lows over the summer.                                     Recent qualitative comments in Institute
market periodicals which                 Investment-grade corporate bond spreads                                    for Supply Management (ISM) survey data
provide relative value
                                         look to end the year roughly unchanged after                               have indicated large firms are looking to
recommendations across                                                                                              push higher costs onto consumers, usually
the fixed income spectrum.               having violently widened in March/April and
                                         subsequently rebounded. This sharp decline                                 an early indication of inflation risks. Given
Bloomberg named him the
most-accurate forecaster of              in interest rates combined with ultimately                                 the last decade, it is important to remain
the Treasuries market in 2015            unchanged spreads helped power most fixed                                  skeptical about our economy’s probability
and previously recognized                income markets to strong returns in 2020,                                  of returning to the Fed’s 2% inflation target,
him as a “Bloomberg Best”                                                                                           but rarely have so many forces lined up
for his work in bond market
                                         despite a host of very prominent risks.
                                                                                                                    on the inflationary side of the fence. The
forecasting.
                                          Table 1: 2020 Returns by Sector                                           net impact of these economic growth and
Prior to joining Janney in                                                                                          inflationary forces is that longer-term (10-to-
2006, Guy served as Interest
Rate Risk Manager for U.S.
                                                                                                                    30-year) interest rates are likely to rise in
Trust’s bank asset and liability                                                                                    2021. Specifically, we are looking for 10-year
portfolios, a role in which he                                                                                      Treasury yields to end next year in the 1.25%-
oversaw risk and return on                                                                                          1.45% range.
an $11 billion balance sheet.
He received his education
from Swarthmore College                                                                                              Chart 3: Banks Appear to Be Holding Excess Credit
and is a CFA Charterholder.                                                                                          Reserves; Releasing These Reserves Should Support
                                                                                                                     Credit Markets in 2021

                                           (Source: Bloomberg/Barclays Indices)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $70bln
                                                                                                                      17.50%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $60bln
                                         In the coming year, we anticipate further
                                                                                                                      15.50%

                                         normalization in economic growth as the                                      13.50%
                                                                                                                                                                                          Loan Loss Provision at
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $50bln

                                         labor market heals from the 2020 downturn,                                   11.50%                                                              US Banks (Right Axis)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $40bln
                                                                                                                                                                                          HY Yield Credit Spreads
                                         and knock-on effects from housing strength                                   9.50%                                                               (Qrtly Avg; Left Axis)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $30bln
                                         support many other areas of growth as well.                                   7.50%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               $20bln
                                                                                                                      5.50%
                                         When it comes to inflation, the jury is still                                3.50%                                                                                                                    $10bln
                                         out. Both Fed and fiscal policy are broadly
                                                                                                                       1.50%                                                                                                                   $0bln
                                         inflationary. Although the violent demand
                                                                                                                               2005
                                                                                                                                      2006
                                                                                                                                             2007
                                                                                                                                                    2008
                                                                                                                                                           2009
                                                                                                                                                                  2010
                                                                                                                                                                         2011
                                                                                                                                                                                2012
                                                                                                                                                                                       2013
                                                                                                                                                                                              2014
                                                                                                                                                                                                     2015
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2016
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   2017
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2019
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2020

                                         shock this past year dampened inflation in
                                         the short term, many economic changes are,                                   (Source: Janney Investment Strategy Group; FDIC; Bloomberg/Barclays)

                                         similar to policy, broadly inflationary.

                                   © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 8 OF 10
CREDIT MARKETS                                                                                       Meanwhile, trends for stressed issuers—a handful of
                                                                                                     states come easily to mind—have accelerated through
When it comes to credit conditions, economic growth                                                  the economic downturn. On the other side of the coin,
should help. However, there is an additional factor: bank                                            municipal buyers have been very active, partially as
reserves. The banking sector added credit reserves into                                              rebalancing dollars come out of equities and go into fixed
the March downturn that, on average, have exceeded                                                   income. The net effect is, in our view, that high-grade muni
actual losses.                                                                                       markets will largely track Treasury yields, at least in the
In 2021, it is likely the banking sector will be able to release                                     beginning part of 2021, with muni/Treasury ratios stable.
these reserves, add to capital (especially if regulators                                             Still, given the risk of accelerating deterioration in riskier
prevent them from returning capital to owners), and                                                  state and local government credits, we recommend an
increase lending activity. With positive lending forces in                                           up-in-quality (AA- and higher) bias for the coming year.
the banking sector, the credit markets are likely to respond                                         The opposite goes for diversified health care and higher
with tightening spreads, which would allow corporate and                                             education, in which incremental spread for 2- to 7-year
taxable muni credit, especially lower-investment-grade                                               bonds in the A-ratings range is generally worth the risk,
and high yield sectors, to perform well. In that sense                                               depending on the credit.
(and thanks in large part to banking reserves), the post-                                            While the strongest returns for fixed income are likely
coronavirus financial landscape is likely to proceed much                                            behind us—it’s hard to see high single-digit results
as the post-Global Financial Crisis landscape did a decade                                           repeating themselves given the low level of interest
ago. The primary difference is that everything in 2020 is                                            rates—there are still opportunities to generate reasonable
unfolding at two to four times the speed it did in 2009.                                             performance. The key, we believe, lies in taking credit risk
                                                                                                     more so than interest rate risk in 2021 and, depending on
MUNICIPAL MARKETS                                                                                    how the credit cycle evolves, perhaps beyond.
Finally, we’ll touch on the municipal markets.
Chart 4: Current 10yr Muni/Treasury Ratio Well Below Median,
but Supported by Strong Demand

 (Source: Janney Investment Strategy Group; Bloomberg)

Despite pervasive fears of tax shortfalls and revenue
declines across sector, the fiscal impact of the coronavirus
has proven manageable for the vast majority of issuers. A
first round of fiscal transfers from the CARES Act to state
and local governments and the prospects of a second
round went a long way to filling budget holes.
Sectors most affected (health care, transportation,
education) have, with a few notable exceptions, pulled
through the worst of the downturn with only moderately
impaired credit profiles. Perhaps the biggest boon,
however, is not fiscal transfers, but rather record-low
borrowing costs, which have made it easy for all but the
most stressed issuers to borrow through temporary gaps.

                                          © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 9 OF 10
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recommendation by us or as an offer to sell, or solicitation of an offer to buy, any             comparable benchmark (below) in its asset class in terms of total return.
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                                                                                                 Marketweight: Janney ISG expects the target asset class or sector to perform in line with
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results. Current returns may be either higher or lower than those shown.
                                                                                                 Mortgages: Janney ISG ratings employ the “Barclays U.S. MBS Index” as a benchmark.
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is to be used for informational purposes only. In no event should it be construed as             Index” as a benchmark.
a solicitation or offer to purchase or sell a security. The information presented herein         Municipals: Janney ISG ratings employ the “Barclays Municipal Bond Index” as a benchmark.
is taken from sources believed to be reliable, but is not guaranteed by Janney as to
accuracy or completeness. Any issue named or rates mentioned are used for illustrative
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                                     © JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC • MEMBER: NYSE, FINRA, SIPC • JANNEY OUTLOOK 2021 • REF: 168315-1220 • PAGE 10 OF 10
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