PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE) ORANGE PLANTATION - SGF/IRMA Conference South America 2013 | Atibaia, Brazil

 
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PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE) ORANGE PLANTATION - SGF/IRMA Conference South America 2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE
BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE)
    ORANGE PLANTATION
 SGF/IRMA Conference South America
        2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
                  March 26, 2013

 Antonio Carlos Gonçalves| Technical Committee Chairman
PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE) ORANGE PLANTATION - SGF/IRMA Conference South America 2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
World Fresh Orange Production

                       World Major Orange Producers
 40%
       36.2%
 35%

 30%

 25%

 20%
                  15.6%                                             16.0%
 15%                            13.6%
                                                 10.9%
 10%                                                       7.6%

  5%

  0%
       Brazil   United States   China             EU-27    Mexico   Others

                                Source: USDA (2012/2013)

                                                                             2
PESTICIDE CONTROLS IN THE BRAZILIAN (SÃO PAULO STATE) ORANGE PLANTATION - SGF/IRMA Conference South America 2013 | Atibaia, Brazil
Main Exporters and Main Brazilian OJ Importers
                     Main OJ Exporters
                         1% 2%

                         4%
                    5%
                                               Brazil
               7%
                                               United States
                                               Mexico
                                               EU-27
                                               South Africa
                                 81%           Other

                                                        Main Brazilian OJ Importers
Source: USDA                                                   3%
                                                                    6%
                                                                                 European
                                                    2%        6%
                                                                                 Union
                                                                                 United States

                                                        12%                      Switzerland
                                                                         71%
                                                                                 Japan

                                                                                 China

                                                                                 Others

                                       Source: Secex (2012)
                                                                                                 3
Pesticide Controls

The Pesticide control in the orange juice industry (São Paulo)
considers the following aspects:

• 1. Legislation

• 2. Fruit Purchasing Contract

• 3. Grove inspection

• 4. Analytical tests

                                                                 4
Pesticide Controls ‐ Legislation

• Official list used is more restrictive than the official Brazilian one

• Regular update considering the changes on the international
  legislation from the OJ importing countries

• Work of a specific Committee inside a Citrus Fruit Organization
  related to its health

• Work with the Pesticide manufacturers in order to obtain
  special use permission via Import Tolerance

                                                                           5
Pesticide Controls – Legislation
Agrofit x PIC‐Fundecitrus

            PRINCÍPIO ATIVO          AGROFIT         FUNDECITRUS
  abamectina                         PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  acefato                            PRESENTE              ‐
  acetamiprido                       PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  acetato de (E)‐8‐dodecenila        PRESENTE              ‐
  acibenzolar‐S‐metílico             PRESENTE              ‐
  ácido giberélico                   PRESENTE              ‐            AGROFIT
  ácido 4‐indol‐3‐ilbutírico         PRESENTE              ‐       110 defensivos ativos
  acrinatrina                        PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  aldicarbe                          PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  ametrina                           PRESENTE              ‐
                                                                     FUNDECITRUS
                                                                   54 defensivos ativos
  amitraz                            PRESENTE              ‐
  azadiractina                       PRESENTE              ‐
  azociclotina                       PRESENTE              ‐
  azoxistrobina                      PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  Bacillus thuringiensis             PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  beta‐ciflutrina                    PRESENTE          PRESENTE
  bifentrina                         PRESENTE          PRESENTE
                 Fonte: MAPA (2010); FUNDECITRUS (2010)

                                                                                           6
Pesticide Controls – Legislation
Agrochemical Committee

•   Fundecitrus Agrochemical Committee developed a Pesticide list of authorized actives for use in the Citrus
    Integrated Production (PIC), a program from the Agriculture Ministry related to good agriculture practices.

    The list is dynamic. New registered products for citrus in Brazil can be added at any time if they are legal in the
    importing countries (such as the EU, the USA and Japan) for the juice and fruit. Products can also be removed
    from the list in May, so that the growers may adapt their buying and use process.

    The list was elaborated with the approval of the Agriculture Ministry, Health Ministry and Pesticide
    manufacturers.

    The Agrochemical Committee is composed by technicians from:
     ‐ Apta Regional/Colina;
     ‐ Apta Citros Center/Cordeirópolis;
     ‐ Experimental Station/Bebedouro;
     ‐ Embrapa;
     ‐ Fundecitrus;
     ‐ GCONCI;
     ‐ GTACC;
     ‐ Gravena Ltda;
     ‐ Coopercitrus;
     ‐ Orange Juice Industry.

                                                                                                                          7
Pesticide Controls – Legislation
International legislation follow‐up ‐ Fonte: FUNDECITRUS; USDA; EURLEX; JETRO; CODEX

                                                                                       8
Pesticide Controls – Legislation
European legislation

•   The EC Regulation 1107/2009, that replaced the European Directive 91/414/EC , presents the list
    of active ingredients already evaluated by the Europan Commission;

•   The actives approved for use in the member states were included on Annex II or III from this
    Regulation;

•   The “Pending" actives are the ones not yet evaluated;

•   The "Out" actives are the ones already evaluated and not approved to be included in this
    Directive;

•   The "Out‐Res." actives are the ones already evaluated, not approved, but were asked for
    evaluation by the manufacturers;

•   The Regulation 396/2005/EC establishes the MRL’s for use in the EC country members. Some
    actives, even not approved for use in the EU, may have MRL’s established for imported products.

                                                                                                      9
Pesticide Controls – Fruit Purchasing Contract

• It includes a specific chapter related to Pesticides

• It includes the list of permitted pesticides for use and
  information on quarentine

• It includes a reference to Fundecitrus website in order to
  guarantee the use of the most updated list

                                                               10
Pesticide Controls – Grove Inspection

• Industry own groves keep specific and complete control/data
  regarding Pesticides uses

• Third part groves are regularly visited for a documental check
  regarding pesticides use

                                                                   11
Pesticide Controls – Analytical Tests

• Delivered fruit is sampled and analytical tests are done
  according to a sampling plan

• Products (juice, oils, pellets) are regularly tested in order to:
      ‐ Evaluate risks of finding residues
      ‐ have certificates to show performance to our customers

                                                                      12
Good News

• Agrochemicals not poisonous
      News from March 5th, 2013 | 2h 05
      free translation from part of the article (with permission)

Author: Xico Graziano
• Xico Graziano is an agronomist and ex. Environmental Secretary
  for São Paulo State
• . E‐mail: xicograziano@terra.com.br.

                                                                    13
Good News

• Pests and Diseases are threats for the productivity in the farms
  around the world. In the fight against them, growers use
  agriculture defensives that may affect the environment.
• Would it be possible to practice an agriculture without
  agrochemicals? Very difficult.
• The first generation of chlorinated agrochemicals, persistent in
  the environment, was banned in the world and is prohibited in
  Brazil since 1985.
• It started a need for an agronomical prescription for the sale of
  agrochemicals. The idea was the correct and adequate the use,
  not to prohibit these actives for an agriculture with quality

                                                                      14
Good News

• Thanks to the technological development, in the last 40 years it
  was observed a 90% reduction on the average pesticide doses
  applyed on the groves.
• The agrochemicals are more specific, less dangerous to the
  environment and bring lower risks to the workers.
• These are molecules that act exclusively on the insect
  metabolism, selective to the pest without destroying the natural
  predators or the good insects or the other animals, being
  environmentally not poisonous.

                                                                     15
• We still have food “contamination” with traditional
  agrochemicals.
• However, the problem is different from the past when
  carcinogenic residues were present on the collected samples.
• Rarely it is found chemical residues above the tolerance limits.

• Summary of the story: in the scale required by the population,
  the farms will always need pesticides against organisms that
  attack them. What is important is to have a health food.
• > That’s why a good control is fundamental

                                                                     16
Antonio Carlos Gonçalves
                 Technical Committee
                      Chairman

 Brazilian Association of Citrus Exporters

www.citrusbr.com/en/    |    citrusbr@citrusbr.com
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