Professor Michael Jaffe Current Research Interests September 2020
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Professor Michael Jaffe
Current Research Interests
September 2020
Professor Michael Jaffe
Principal Materials Scientist
New Jersey Innovation Institute
Suite 1205 GITC
jaffe@njit.edu, cell: 2016187916, NJIT ext. 6497
Adjunct Faculty, Department of Biomedical Engineering
New Jersey Institutional of Technology
Adjunct Faculty, Department of Macromolecular Science
Case Western Reserve University 1
Career Path (1963-2020)
• Education: Cornell, BA Chemistry 1963, RPI, Ph.D. Chemistry
1967
• Industry: Celanese Research Company, (1967-1977): Research
Scientist, Senior Research Scientist, Research Associate, Group
leader, Fiber Industries, (1977-1980): Group Leader, Celanese
Research Company (1980-1986): Manager, Senior Research
Associate, Hoechst Celanese, Hoechst GMBH (1986-1994,
1996-1998): Senior Research Associate, Research Fellow,
Mergers and Acquisitions (1994-1996)
• Post-Industry: Rutgers University, NJ Center for Biomaterials
(1998-2001), Research Professor, Manager, Industrial Relations,
NJIT, Research Professor, Department of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering (2001-2002), BME, Materials Science (2002-2015),
New Jersey Innovation Institute (2015- ), Principal Materials
Scientist, NJIT, Adjunct Professor, BME, Adjunct Professor,
Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University
• External Roles: Expert Witness, Consultant, Technology Company
Board Member 2Jaffe Research > 50 years
Basic Research çè Applied Research
• Philosophy
– Understanding çè Application
• How does it work?
• Why does it work?
• What is it good for?
• Motivation
– Impact!
• Joy of knowing
• Commercial Success
– Convey the excitement
• Fun of learning!
– Evolving language of science
3Jaffe Research Themes
• Physical Chemistry/Materials Science and Engineering
• Process-Structure-Property Relationships of Materials
– Biomaterials
– Biotechnology (sustainable approaches to materials)
– Fiber Formation (Polymer processing, molecular orientation)
– High Performance Materials/Fibers/Composites/Energetics
– Thermal Analysis
• Materials Science paradigms in Biology
– Protein versus Nylon
– Improve Bioderived Materials
• Biological paradigms in Materials Science
– Bioinspired
• Commercialization of new science/technology
4
4Current R&D Projects
• Materials Science of “Biomaterials” (Bioderived and Bioinspired)
• Nitrocellulose process-structure-property relationships relevant to
military manufacturing (DOD)
• High modulus, high strength polyethylene nano-fibers for ballistic
protection, next generation high performance materials (ARL, Case Western
Reserve University)
• Soy protein/alginate/silk fibers and non-wovens for comfortable, high
moisture regain fabrics (USB, NSF)
– Biomedical applications (air brush fabrication) (ICorp)
• New keratin textile fiber from waste chicken feathers (Dropel Fabrics)
• Use of bio-derived monomers, isosorbide and 2,5 furan dicarboxylic acid, to
improve polymer performance and ecological impact (USDA, NSF. ARL)
• Carbon fibers and non-wovens from long carbon nanotubes – TorTech
• Novel neurosurgical hemostat – Endomedix
• Aptamer based sensors for Covid19– Sapient Sensors
• BPA free epoxies, polycarbonates, novel polyesters, next generation food
packaging – Vuronyx
5
• Use of waste plastics to reinforce asphalt pavement? (DOT, FHWA)Proposal in Progress (DOT, FWHA)
Use of Waste Plastics in Asphalt Pavement
Still in the running!!
• Plastic waste = 34.5 tons annually
• New asphalt roadbed – 350M tons annually
• There exists an opportunity for significant reductions in landfilled
plastics by incorporating these materials into asphalt mixtures.
• A few reasons why the inclusion of recycled plastics into asphalt are
attractive include:
– low cost,
– high availability,
– properties that could be beneficial for pavement performance.
• Issues:
– Complexity of plastics waste stream
– Complex chemistry of asphalt
– Need for a very low cost process
6Aptamer based Single Molecule
Recognition Sensor
“Measuring electrode” “Reference electrode”
USE DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALS, WITH PRECAPPED REFERENCE
Þ IMPROVES BACKGROUND TO NOISE COMPARED TO ABSOLUTE
MEASUREMENT
7
Sensing Element – Single DNA strand with attached target specific aptamerProcess-Structure-Property Relationships of Poly (DTD DD) Fibers
Poly (DTD DD)
Tg = 13 °C
Structure
Process
Property
8Designer Sunscreen from Sugar
O
H(8)
H(7)
H(6)
H(6')
N
H'(9) H'(10)
(11)H3C O (3)H O UV Absorbance of isosorbide bis(3,5-dimethoxy,
UV Absorbance of isosorbide (3,4-dimethoxycyanocinnamate) (2)H O OH'(12) 4-hydroxycyanocinnamte)
UV Absorbance of isosorbide biscyanoferulate
(12)HO O H(5)
50000 60000
368 60000
H(9) O H(4) O CH'3(11)
(1)H H'(7) O
45000 (10)H N H'(8) 388
H(1')
50000
374 50000
40000
Isosorbide biscyanoferulate
extinction coefficient
35000
extinction coefficient
40000
extinction coefficient
40000
30000
25000 30000
30000
20000
20000
20000
15000
476
453
10000 10000
10000
5000
UV Absorbance of all synthesized sunscreens 0
0 0
250 300 350 400 450 500
250 300 350 400 450 250 500 300 350 400 450 500
wavelength(nm)
60000 wavelength(nm) wavelength(nm)
50000
Mix UVA AND UVB
40000
Absorbers
extinction coefficient
30000
20000
10000
0
250 300 350 400 450 500
-10000
wavelength(nm) 9
(1)
Series1 (12)
Series2 (6)
Series3 (10)
Series4 (11)
Series5 (3)
Series6 (7)
Series7 (9)
Series8 (14)
Series9FTIR of Nitrocellulose
LN Peak Height Ratio
• Peaks associated with the nitrate esters of cellulose absorb in the IR 0.5
– 1664 is absorption by nitrate ester in the C2 and C3 positions 0.4
– 1647 is absorption by the nitrate esters in the C6 position
0.3
– These peaks show clearly in the FTIR spectra of ~10%NC in THF y = 0.2909x - 3.4788
0.2
• Assuming cellulose nitration follows the lowest energy path then: R² = 0.9940
• DOS = 1, 6.8%N, all C6 OH nitrated 0.1
• DOS = 2, 11.1%N, all C2 OH nitrated 0
• DOS = 3, 14.1%N, all C3 OH nitrated 12 12.25 12.5 12.75 13 13.25 13.5 13.75
• Taking the ratio of nitrate ester position absorptions, C2,3/C6, cancels the concentration terms and
is proportional to the %N of the sample
Subtraction Result :NJIT Job 2018-049 - sample A4 in water in THF solvent - scan 1 - old liquid cell wit h 0. 2mm path lengt h - THF as background -
0.65 Subtraction Result :NJIT Job 2018-049 - sample A2 in water in THF solvent - scan 1 - old liquid cell wit h 0. 2mm path lengt h - THF as background -
Subtraction Result :NJIT Job 2018-049 - sample A4 in THF solvent - scan 4 - old liquid cell wit h 0.2mm path lengt h - THF as background - transmi
0.60 Subtraction Result :NJIT Job 2018-049 - sample A2 in THF solvent - scan 4 - old liquid cell wit h 0.2mm path lengt h - THF as background - transmi
Wat er
0.55 A4 (W) 13.46 %N
0.50 A4 (P) 13 %N A2 (W) 12.96 %N
0.45 A2 (P) 12.47 %N 1647 (C6 sites)
0.40
1664 (C2, C3 sites)
Absorbance
0.35
0.30
1664
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
1700 1650 Water 1600
Wavenumbers (cm-1)
10Material Science Logic
Performance/Application
Structure
Synthesis Properties
+processing
•Physical
•Biological
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