Storage Adrian Briddon - Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research
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Storage Adrian Briddon – Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research
Sprout suppression
Adrian Briddon
Sutton Bridge CSR
23 January 2019
Sprout control How can sprouting be controlled? Chemical control Physical controls store temperature dormancy
Physical sprout control Reducing temperature • extends dormancy • restricts sprout growth but • increases sugar content (and acrylamide risk)
Chemical sprout control (in the EU)
Two levels of control
• The active substance is assessed for the EC by a RMS
• End Points are derived. An MRL may be set
• Approvals cannot be for more than 10 years
• Formulations are regulated by national authorities
• Product labels ensure End Points are met
• Other countries may have different usage patterns
Maleic hydrazide (MH) Formulations include Crown MH, Fazor, Itcan Pros Very effective alone or as a foundation for other s/s Now widely accepted Cons Application conditions can be restrictive (2018) Feeding restriction now applies1 1new MH labels exclude treated crop from stockfeed
Chlorpropham (CIPC) Formulations include Aceto 50M, CIPC Gold, GroStop Pros Most effective s/s Cons Toxicology of metabolites. EC has recommended CIPC is not renewed.
Chlorpropham (CIPC) Outlook EC recommends non-renewal but (so far) have failed to obtain qualified majority. Non-renewal would be followed by a ‘use up’ period If it is retained, label rates and MRL will change
Spearmint oil One product, BIOX-M Pros No MRL Widely accepted in fresh market Cons Modest efficacy Store fabric exclusion Cost
Ethylene Products include Restrain and Safestore (biofresh) Pros No MRL Widely accepted in fresh market Cons ‘Temporary’ & modest efficacy
What might be available?
active 2018 2019 2020 2021
MH ? ? ?
CIPC ? ? ?
1 Spearmint oil/BIOX-M
Spearmint1 2 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene/1,4SIGHT
Ethylene 3 Orange oil, Argos
4 3-decen-2-one/SmartBlock
DMN2 ? ? ?
Orange3 ? ? ?
SB4 ? ?2017-18 research on alternatives • five cultivars, short - long dormancy • Innovator, M Piper, Performer, Royal, VR808 • + and – MH were different crops • 9°C storage temperature • sprouting assessed after 3, 6 and 9 months
Sprout length, mean all cultivars, no MH
138
100
9 month
90
Sprout, longest length (mm)
6 month
80
70
3 month Without MH, sprout
60 length only well
50 controlled using CIPC
40
and DMN
30
20
10
0
Untreated CIPC Ethylene S. Oil DMN CIPC + CIPC + CIPC + S.
Ethylene DMN OilSprout length, mean all cultivars, with MH
40
9 month
35 6 month
3 month
Sprout, longest length (mm)
30
With MH, control
25
generally much better, but
20 for long term storage
15 without CIPC or DMN
10
sprouting was only well
controlled using long
5
dormant cultivars
0
Untreated + CIPC + MH Ethylene + S. Oil + MH DMN + MH CIPC + Eth + CIPC + DMN CIPC + S. Oil
MH MH MH + MH + MHMH plots from SPot North in store at SB
100
Standard
% of tubers with sprouts ≥ 3mm
90
80
Plot 1 application of
Plot 2
70 maleic
Plot 3
60
Plot 4
hydrazide at 5
50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Plot 5 timings to cv
40
Untreated Royal at SPot
30
North
20
10
0
storage term at 9°C (days)Application technology
Application technology Except CIPC and ethylene, new post- harvest treatments are volatile…. • store closure period will be longer (minimum 24 hours) • losses will be greater, especially from ambient ventilation • may require change in technology for processing crops
AHDB research 2018-2021 Alternative sprout suppressants – processing – fresh pack (+orange oil, K. Edward, M Piper, Melody & Nectar) Dormancy – independent dormancy data (30 current and new cultivars) Maleic hydrazide – quantifying benefits & dose-response CIPC contamination – data to support a temporary MRL
Storage workshops this spring • 15 Jan: Storage North (Yorkshire) • 24 Jan: Storage West (Shropshire) • 12 Feb: Roadshow East (Cambs/Essex) • 13 Feb: Roadshow South Lincolnshire • 26 Feb: Roadshow Norfolk • 5 March: Storage East Midlands • 6 March: Roadshow Cheshire • 7 March: Roadshow North Yorkshire
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