The new ITU Handbook: Implementing Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTB) - Joint ITU/EBU/BNE/DVB Workshop on "Assistance for DTTB Implementation" ...
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The new ITU Handbook: Implementing
Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTB)
Joint ITU/EBU/BNE/DVB Workshop on
"Assistance for DTTB Implementation“, Geneva, 27 Oct. 2016
Christoph Dosch
Vice-Chair ITU-R SG 6
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016
Motivation for the new Handbook DTTB
Substantial new developments since 2002, e.g.
• GE06
• Additional allocations to the mobile service reduction of the BS bands
• New audio-visual formats (HDTV, UHDTV, immersive sound)
• Progress in compression techniques
• New multiplexing techniques (MMT)
• 2nd generation digital modulation technologies
• Numerous new DTTB systems
• Developments in IBB (Integrated Broadcast-Broadband)
systems
• Progress in accessibility services
Existing Handbook from 2002 not outdated - still valuable
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016
Contents of the new DTTB Handbook (1)
Handbook on Digital Terrestrial Television Implementation
Editor's foreword - Acknowledgements etc.
PART 1 NETWORK ASPECTS
Chapter 1 General aspects of digital TV broadcasting
Chapter 2 Strategies for DTTB introduction
Requirements for the implementation of digital terrestrial television
Chapter 3
broadcasting networks
Chapter 4 Broadcast network planning
Chapter 5 Sharing and protection
Chapter 6 Cross-border coordination
Chapter 7 Quality of service for broadcast television
Chapter 8 Satellite assistance
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016
Contents of the new DTTB Handbook (2)
Handbook on Digital Terrestrial Television Implementation
PART 2 SYSTEM ASPECTS
Chapter 9 Systems for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
Interactivity and collaboration between DTTB and non-broadcasting
Chapter 10
systems
Conditional access and content protection in digital television
Chapter 11
broadcasting
Chapter 12 Quality of the baseband signal
Chapter 13 Digital TV receivers
Chapter 14 Accessibility aspects
CONTRIBUTION AND ENG ASPECTS FOR DIGITAL
PART 3
PROGRAMME PRODUCTION
Chapter 15 Contribution and news-gathering systems
List of Abbreviations
Each Chapter is followed by its bibliography
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 1
General aspects of digital TV broadcasting
• DTTB: A dynamic and technically complex environment
• Considerations when switching to digital terr. TV
• Inter-
operability,
a prerequisite
• The DTTB
system
model
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 2
Strategies for DTTB introduction
• Why going digital
• The switchover process from analog to digital
• The 2nd switchover process from digital to digital
• DTTB as a competition enabler
• Licence aspects
• Network costs and configuration
• Consideration of ancillary services
• Sharing of spectrum by broadcast and non-broadcast services
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 3
Requirements for the implementation of digital terrestrial television
broadcasting networks
• User and service requirements
• Picture and audio quality
• Associated audio and data
• Sound radio over DTTB
• Reception mode
• Number of audio-visual programmes (data-rates)
• Target coverage
• Reception availability
• Spectrum Requirements
• Receiver related requirements
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 4
Broadcast network planning
• Digital terrestrial television networks
• Basic terms and definitions
• Service area
• Coverage area
…
• Reception modes
• Assignment and allotment planning Single Frequency Network (SFN)
• Minimum usable field strength to be protected
• Coordination trigger level
• MFN, SFN or mixed MFN-SFN
• Example Implementation Scenarios (DVB-T2, ATSC, ISDB-T, DTMB)
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 5
Sharing and protection (references)
• Categories of interference
• Inside the national borders
• Across national borders
• Technical characteristics and criteria for sharing
• Compatibility between DTTB and the Mobile Service
• Other compatibility issues involving DTTB
• Sharing between DTTB and SAB/SAP
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 6
Cross-border coordination
• Coordination inside the Planning Area of a Regional Agreements 2
• Coordination outside the Planning area of a Regional Agreements 3
• Bilateral or multilateral discussions
• Coordination examples
• Region 1 By correspondence By meeting
• Region 2 The ability to unclog unresolved
cases, obtain agreements in much
• Region 3 Advantages
Technical characteristics may be
determined prior to the application of shorter time frames.
the ITU coordination procedure. The working relationships between
administrations may be promoted.
It can be extended indefinitely in
Preparation such as exchanging
time, especially when a consulted
Disadvantage necessary documents to ensure the
administration is not motivated to
s effectiveness of meeting is needed in
answer the request for strategic
advance.
reasons or otherwise.
Advantages and disadvantages of coordination procedures
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 7
Quality of service for broadcast television
• The blocks of a DTTB chain
• Examples of Specifications to enable Quality of Service
• Measurements for monitoring QoS at the various interfaces of the chain
• Examples for transmission quality in digital television
• Redundancy concept as a means of maintaining QoS
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 8
Satellite assistance
• Satellites as feeder-links for terrestrial television broadcasting networks
• Using satellites as IP return channels for interactive television
• Joint usage of the terrestrial and the satellite broadcasting
• Definition of a Hybrid Satellite/Terrestrial System
• Definition of an Integrated MSS System
Source: ITU-R Report ITU-R BS.2173 “Multi-carrier
based transmission techniques for satellite systems”
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 9
Systems for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
• Broadcast system technologies in general
• Digital modulation and channel coding (FEC) ensure that, above a certain
threshold of C/(N+I), the demodulated signal is a one-by-one image of the
signal at the studio output
• Detailed and comprehensive description of the
various terrestrial digital broadcasting systems
• ATSC
• DVB-T/T2
• ISDB-T
• DTMB/DTMB-A
• T-DMB Service specific concept based on PLPs
(physical layer pipes)
• RAVIS
• Home local networks: From IEEE 1394 (Firewire) to wireless DLNA/UPnP
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 10
Interactivity and collaboration between DTTB and non-broadcasting systems
• Opportunities of collaboration
• Collaboration at the service layer
• Integrated Broadcast-Broadband technologies
• Middleware
• Technical commonalities (e.g. coding schemes)
• Collaboration at the
network level
• Interactive television Principle of DTT-to-IP conversion
for wireless in-house distribution
• Interactivity aspects
• Interactive system model
• Content format for interactive systems
• Interaction channel for terrestrial environment
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 11
Conditional access and content protection in digital television broadcasting
• Need for encryption:
• To offer pay TV services
• To limit the reception to a pre-defined geographical area
• Approaches to the implementation of Conditional Access Systems (CAS)
• CAS for ISDB
• CAS for ATSC
• CAS for DVB
• Content Protection and Copy Management
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 12
Quality of the baseband signal
• Objective quality estimation for compression systems in digital television
• Objective measurements for video compression quality estimation
• Objective measurements for video transmission quality estimation
• Objective measurements for audio quality estimation
• Remarks on future developments
• Subjective quality estimation for compression systems in digital television
• The most common types of quality control processes are:
• Manual QC (“Golden eyes/ears” monitor the programme)
• Automated QC (To check signal levels and standards)
• File Structure Compliance (To check against file standards, e.g. AS11 DPP)
• File Structure Analysis (Deep analysis where something is wrong with the file
structure)
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 13
Digital TV receivers
• General aspects for DTV receivers
• Worldwide broadcast roaming
• Requirements for DTV receivers
• ATSC receivers
• ISDB-T / SBTVD receivers
• DVB-T / DVB-T2 receivers
• DTMB receivers
• General Requirements
• Middleware for DTV receivers
• Integrated Broadcast-Broadband functionality
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 14
Accessibility Aspects
• Digital television offers more possibilities for
and easier realization of access services Example sign-language video using IBB
for people with special needs
• Services which are of help to all of us, not only to people with disabilities
• ITU and the need for access services (UNCRPD)*
* UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities”, 2006, ref. http://www.un.org/disabilities/
• Access services relevant to TV broadcasting
• Receiver-processed versus broadcast-based access services
• The use of subtitles/captions
• The special importance of IBB (Integrated broadcast-broadband) systems
• When IBB solutions are not be practical (no broadband connection)
• Production of access services – some aspects
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 15
Contribution and news-gathering systems (1)
• Systems for television production are constantly evolving
• Requirements for contribution and news gathering systems often differ
from those for the broadcasting service
• Signal robustness
• Delay time between content generation and delivery
• Need for mobility in contribution and news gathering, etc.
• Services Ancillary to Programme-making and Broadcasting (SAP/SAB) often
have a very high requirement for quality (e.g. wireless microphones)
• Programme Making and Special Events (PMSE) systems
• share, for their transmission, the UHF broadcasting bands, or
• make use of the mobile service bands or use terrestrial or satellite fixed
transmissions
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Chapter 15
Contribution and news-gathering systems (2)
Terrestrial News Gathering and Contribution
• User requirements for terrestrial news gathering and contribution
• User requirements for HDTV/SDTV terrestrial news gathering
• User requirements for UHDTV terrestrial news gathering
• Italian 4K production experience, 2009
• Japanese 8K production experience
• Frequency requirements for terrestrial news gathering
• Adaptation to the terrestrial environment
• Satellite assistance to
contribution and programme
production for ENG applications
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Name Organization / Administration
Dr. Abdullah Saleh ALARAIMI Oman
Acknowledgement
Dr. Pablo ANGUEIRA BUCETA Spain
Dr. Vladimir BALYAR Ukraine
Mr. Vittorio BARONCINI Italy
Mr. Istvan BOZSOKI ITU-D
Mr. Roger BUNCH Australia
Mr. José Ramón CAMBLOR Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo, Spain
Mr. Perez DE LEMA Spain
• Highest appreciation goes to Prof. Oleg Gofaizen
Mr. Christoph DOSCH IRT
Dr. Charles EINOLF CBS
Dr. Joseph FLAHERTY USA
who has tirelessly guided the development Prof. Oleg GOFAIZEN
Dr. David GUERRA PEREDA
Ukraine
University of the Basque Country
of this Handbook Mr. Jean-Jacques GUITOT
Mr. Pham HAI
France
ITU-R
Mr. David HEMINGWAY BBC
• Greatest thanks are due to the numerous people Dr. Shuji HIRAKAWA
Mr. Klaus HUBER
Japan
LS Telcom
who have contributed with text, images and
Mr. Mark JORDAN Arqiva
Dr. Alina KARWOWSKA-LAMPARSKA Poland
Dr. Alexandre KHOLOD Switzerland
proofreading (see table on the right) Ms. Kyung-Mee KIM
Mr. Oh KYOUNGSEOK
Korea
Korea (TTA)
• An editing team has been active from
Ms. Lucia Luisa LA FRANCESCHINA Rai Way SpA
Mr. Stephane MEBALEY EKOME France
Dr. Alberto MORELLO RAI
February to October 2016 to finalise the Mr. Amir Hassan NAFEZ
Mr. Akira NEGISHI
Iran
NHK
existing draft Mr. Yukihiro NISHIDA
Mr. Larry OLSON
Japan
USA
Prof. PAN Changyong Tsinghua University, China
• The ITU-R secretariat of SG 6 has continuously
Mr. Rolly PURNOMO Indonesia
Mr. Ari REFIK TDF
Dr. Walid SAMI EBU
assisted the whole process Mr. Eli SOFER
Ms. Sato TELEMI
Israel
IRT
Ms. Anne-Lise THIEBLEMONT Qualcomm
Mr. Kengo TSUDA NHK
Mr. Aljo VAN DIJKEN Netherlands
Dr. Manuel María VELEZ ELORDI Spain
Mr. Tobias VIERACKER IRT
Dr. David WOOD EBU
Ms. Norafidah YOSUF Malaysia
Mr. Juan ZAPATA
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Handbook-DTTB-Implementation.pptx © IRT 2016Thank you for your attention
On behalf of the Core Editing Team:
Christoph Dosch, IRT, Germany
David Hemingway, BBC, UK
Walid Sami, EBU, Switzerland
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