The passive voice GRAMMAR - LEVEL Intermediate - Lingoda
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The passive
voice
GRAMMAR
LEVEL NUMBER LANGUAGE
Intermediate B1_3012G_EN ENGLISH
Goals
■ Can identify the passive
voice and explain its uses.
■ Can form straightforward
examples of the passive
voice.
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English is taught in many countries.
It is spoken in several countries and it
is used for doing business between
global companies.
It has been described by some people
as the most important language to
learn.
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Introducing the passive voice
■ The previous slide uses sentences in the passive voice.
■ We often use the passive voice in formal and academic settings.
The contract is being printed now.
Penicillin was discovered in 1928.
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Passive 1 (is done / was done)
■ Present simple: subject + am/is/are + past participle (seen, given, written…)
■ Past simple: subject + was/were + past participle (driven, done, said…)
Phil is invited to the party.
The email was sent last week.
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Passive 1 (is done / was done)
■ The active voice expresses what the subject “does/did” – Katie employs Mark.
■ The passive voice expresses what “happens/happened” to the subject – Mark is
employed.
■ The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice.
■ If we want to show who does the action, or what causes it, we use by.
Active and passive voices
Present
Janet cleans the office every day. (active)
Simple
(am/is/are +
The office is cleaned every day by Janet. (passive)
past participle)
Past simple Someone bought milk for the staff kitchen. (active)
(was/were + past
participle) Milk was bought for the staff kitchen every week. (passive)
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Passive 1 (is done / was done)
■ The subject in the active voice is optional in the passive voice.
■ Films are shown in a cinema.
(= We don’t know who shows the films)
■ John was fired.
(= We don’t know who fired John)
Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.
Lots of mistakes were missed by the proof-reader.
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Passive 1 – fill the gaps
Use the verbs below to practise forming passive sentences in the
present simple and past simple.
1. All the pizza was eaten at lunch. sell
2. The book _______________ by the exciting
need
young author.
3. Barack Obama _______________ as US translate
President in 2008.
eat
4. The school’s doors _______________ every
evening by the caretaker. write
5. The injury isn’t serious. An ambulance
_______________. release
6. Our company’s new laptop _______________ in build
June this year.
elect
7. How many pens _______________ every year?
8. My house _______________ on cheap land. lock
9. Your letter _______________ by my Spanish
wife.
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Passive 1 – forming passive sentences in the present simple
1. Bread / sell / in a bakery Bread is sold in a bakery.
2. Butter / make / from milk ______________________________
3. That phone / not use / very
______________________________
often
4. I / confuse / by your message ______________________________
5. Her music / enjoy / by
______________________________
everyone
6. Mount Everest / situate / in the
______________________________
Himalayas
7. American TV / watch / all over
______________________________
the world
8. My dog / call / Dorothy ______________________________
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Passive 2 (is/was being done)
■ Present continuous: subject + am/is/are + being + past participle
■ Past continuous: subject + was/were + being + past participle
The car is being repaired.
The band had an argument while the
album was being recorded.
www.lingoda.com 10Passive 2 (being done)
■ The active voice expresses what the subject “is/was doing”.
■ The passive voice expresses what “is/was happening” to the subject.
■ The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice.
Active and passive voices
Present
We are reviewing your application. (active)
continuous
(am/is/are + being
Your application is being reviewed. (passive)
+ past participle)
Past continuous A suspicious man was following the spy. (active)
(was/were + being
past participle) The spy was being followed. (passive)
www.lingoda.com 11Passive 1 and 2 – multiple choice
1. Typically, athletes _______________ to hydrate quite a lot.
a. were needed b. need c. is needed d. needed
2. Nearly 25,000 sports drinks _______________ at the last summer Olympics.
a. drank b. is drank c. were drink d. were drunk
3. Unfortunately, that means a lot of plastic waste _______________ in just a few weeks.
a. is produced b. was produced c. produces d. were produced
4. Currently, ideas _______________ explored to make the Olympics more earth friendly.
a. are being b. are c. is d. were being
www.lingoda.com 12Passive 2 – forming passive sentences in the present
continuous and past continuous
A B
1. I / relocate / to
Beijing for work
______________________________ ______________________________ 2. tree / chop
(present continuous) (past continuous) down
3. the house /
paint / to be
C D ready for sale
4. she / overwork /
in the last few
months
______________________________ ______________________________
(past continuous) (present continuous)
www.lingoda.com 13Passive 3 (been done)
■ Present perfect: subject + have/has + been + past participle
■ Past perfect: subject + had + been + past participle
The package has been delivered. We
left it by your front door.
I went to the office but Jessica told me
the meeting had been cancelled.
www.lingoda.com 14Passive 3 (been done)
■ The present perfect and past perfect tell us about events in the past that have
an impact that continues into the present.
Active and passive voices
Present
Rachael has served dinner. (active)
perfect
(have/has+ been +
Dinner has been served. (passive)
past participle)
Americans had played cricket before baseball became more
Past perfect popular. (active)
(had + been + past
participle) Cricket had been played by Americans before baseball became
more popular. (passive)
www.lingoda.com 15Fill in the gaps to form complete sentences
Fill in the gap with the correct verb tense.
Note: You will not use all of the answers.
can be learned
1. Lacrosse is an American sport that
_______________ by Native populations for had been enjoyed
centuries before French settlers first
had played
discovered it.
2. Since then, young people _______________ the have been taught
rules of the game by club and school teams.
play
3. If you know how to play hockey or football,
the game _______________ quickly. have taught
4. However, lacrosse _______________ as
is seen
somewhat violent. Some would like the
rules to be changed. is being played
5. At any given moment, lacrosse
_______________ by over ten thousand was being played
athletes in every single U.S. state.
www.lingoda.com 16Transform the sentences from active voice to passive
1. Cork University hosts racquet The racquet sports tournament is
sports tournament. hosted by Cork University.
_______________________________________________________________
2. Peter Jones coaches the Cork _________________________________________
Crickets youth squash team.
_______________________________________________________________
3. Athletes around the world play _________________________________________
racquet sports.
_______________________________________________________________
4. Indian people developed _________________________________________
badminton.
_______________________________________________________________
5. British aristocrats brought it _________________________________________
back to England.
www.lingoda.com 17Negatives in the passive voice
■ Passive 1 (is done/was done): subject + is/was + not + past participle
■ Passive 2 (being done): subject + is/was + not + being + past participle
■ Passive 3 (been done): subject + have/had + not + been + past participle
This seat is not taken. You can sit there.
You are not being promoted. This
recession had not been anticipated and
we are losing money.
www.lingoda.com 18Building sentences in passive
Here are some fast facts about the Cork Racquet Sports Tournament.
Build complete sentences in passive.
Twelve teams attended.
Limerick Junior Paddle Club won the
trophy.
Organisers took a survey of
participants.
Young athletes see racquet sports as
fun, life-long sports.
Athletes like tennis more than other
sports.
120 tennis balls lost.
Be prepared to present your notes to your classmates and teacher.
www.lingoda.com 19Presenting information about an event
You have been asked to answer
some questions about the Cork
Racquet Sports Tournament on
local radio. Use the passive
voice to describe the event.
www.lingoda.com 20Passive 4 (be done)
■ Future simple: subject + will + be + past participle
The job will be given to the best
candidate.
The game this afternoon will not be
played because of the bad weather.
www.lingoda.com 21Passive 4 (be done) – forming passive sentences in the future
simple
Use the future simple passive voice to make predictions about the
future.
Example: The next US President will be elected in November 2020.
a. offer / people / afford it
1. Driverless cars…
______________________________
b. make / and / buy
2. A plant-based diet
______________________________
c. use / transport / the elderly
3. Space tourism…
______________________________
d. eat / people / concerned /
4. More technology… climate change
______________________________
www.lingoda.com 22Using the passive voice
■ Person A thinks of an invention that has changed the way we live.
You can use the pictures below.
■ The other people in the lesson ask questions about this invention
using the passive voice. There are some ideas below.
■ Person A answers the questions about their invention using the
passive voice.
■ Person B chooses a new invention. Repeat the activity.
■ Continue like this until everyone in the lesson has described at
least one invention.
Will… used in the
How long… used for? When… invented? Who… used by?
future?
www.lingoda.com 23Reflect on the goals
Go back to the second slide of the lesson and check
if you have achieved all the goals of the lesson.
yes no
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
www.lingoda.com 24Reflect on this lesson
Think about everything you have seen in this lesson.
What were the most difficult activities or words? The easiest?
+ _______________________________
_______________________________
+ _______________________________
_______________________________
– _______________________________
_______________________________
– _______________________________
_______________________________
If you have time, go over
the most difficult slides again
www.lingoda.com 2526 www.lingoda.com
Activity p. 8:
2. The book was written by the exciting young author.
3. Barack Obama was elected as US President in 2008.
4. The school’s doors are locked every evening by the caretaker.
5. The injury isn’t serious. An ambulance isn’t needed.
6. Our company’s new laptop was released in June this year.
7. How many pens are sold every year.
8. My house was build on cheap land.
9. Your letter was translated by my Spanish wife.
Activity p. 9:
2. Butter is made from milk.
3. That phone isn’t used very often.
4. I am confused by your message.
5. Her music is enjoyed by everyone.
6. Mount Everest is situated in the Himalayas.
7. American TV is watched all over the world.
8. My dog is called Dorothy.
Activity p. 12:
1a, 2d, 3b, 4a
Answer key 1/327 www.lingoda.com
Activity p. 13
1. D – I am being relocated to Beijing for work.
2. A –The tree is being chopped down.
3. B – The house was being painted to be ready for sale.
4. C – She was being overworked in the last few months.
Activity 16:
1. had been enjoyed
2. have been taught
3. can be learned
4. is seen
5. is being played
Activity p. 17
2. The team is coached by Peter Jones.
3. Racquet sports are played by athletes all around the world.
4. Badminton was developed by Indian people.
5. It was brought back to England by British aristocrats.
Answer key 2/328 www.lingoda.com
Activity p. 22
1. Driverless cars will be used to transport the elderly.
2. A plant-based diet will be eaten by people who are concerned about climate
change.
3. Space tourism will be offered to people who can afford it.
4. More technology will be made and bought.
Answer key 3/3Homework www.lingoda.com 29
Multiple choice
1. Is automobile racing a sport? It _______________ that drivers must work as hard as
footballers.
a. said b. say c. is said d. cars
2. In golf, most of the equipment _______________ by caddies, people who help golfers.
a. carry b. golf clubs c. is being carried d. is carried
3. Both sports are really popular. Tickets to tournaments and races _______________ at
high prices.
a. are sold b. is sell c. is sold d. seal
4. You can also watch events at home or in the pub. Golf _______________ by many TV
networks.
a. showed b. is shown c. is showed d. is not showed
www.lingoda.com 30Homework writing activity
Write 150 words about a sporting event you have attended.
Describe the game or match and your experience there. Use the
following verbs in the passive voice.
…
score play
take push
coach speak
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Homework Activity p. 30
Multiple choice answers: c, d, a, b
Homework answer keyAbout this material
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