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The Parents’ Guide to
The selection and application process
ultimate goal of helping them create a
UNIVERSITY
can seem complicated, especially if you
future to fulfil their potential and make © 2019 - 2020
have not been to university yourself. If themselves (and you!) happy.
you have, that may be some time ago
and things have probably changed. Researching universities and courses
APPLICATIONS
There’s plenty of great information online should be an enjoyable experience not
2019 - 2020
for students, but very little designed a headache. Don’t forget! The balance
specifically for parents, so it can be quite of power is even: your child has as much
complicated to track down the exact choice and influence in selecting the right
information you need. university as the university has in select-
ing the right students. The selection and
That’s why we’ve created this straight- application process can seem compli-
forward guide covering the application cated, especially if you have not been
process, starting from what your child to university yourself. If you have, that
should consider in making good subject may be some time ago and things have
choices to what happens on results day probably changed. There’s plenty of great
once they’ve completed sixth form - and information online for students, but very
everything in between. This includes little designed specifically for parents, so
step-by-step information on: it can be quite complicated to track down
the exact information you need.
• the UCAS process
• what they need to do and when they That’s why we’ve created this straight-
need to do it forward guide covering the application
• what to look out for when considering process, starting from what your child
different universities should consider in making good subject
• what to do on results day, whether choices to what happens on results day
predicted grades have been matched, once they’ve completed sixth form - and
surpassed or missed everything in between. This includes
• How you can help them as you go step-by-step information on:
along
• • the UCAS process
With so much weighing on it, the thought • what they need to do and when they
of university application can be stressful need to do it
for parents and children alike. We believe • what to look out for when considering
that once you understand the process different universities
and timelines, this will weliminate much • what to do on results day, whether
of the stress for you (and, in turn, your predicted grades have been matched,
child) ensuring energy is focused in the surpassed or missed
most constructive way to get the best • How you can help them as you go
possible outcomes. Our aim is to help along
you eliminate doubt and anxiety, so you •
can provide calm and informed support. With so much weighing on it, the thought
This will empower you to offer more of university application can
helpful guidance to your child, with the
As featured in The Parents’ Guide to University full edition
HALF OF ALL UK STUDENTS APPLYING
TO UNIVERSITY HAVE NEVER HAD A PARENT
PARENT GO THROUGH THE PROCESS
The prospect of your child going to university is very
Introduction
exciting. Attending university can offer them a great
foundation for their future success and happiness;
both in obtaining further qualifications and in
providing a protected environment to transition
from teenager to adult.
It’s an exciting time for you too. Yes, it’s only their
hard work that can get them to university, but
you’ve contributed along the way with love, support
and encouragement. It can be a daunting time as
well. There is pressure to make the right choices,
a myriad of options available and, especially in
the case of a first or last child leaving home, the
likelihood of a whole different way of life, not only
for them, but for you too.
Selecting the right university will be one of the most
important decisions your child faces in shaping
their future and you will want to help them every
step of the way. The “right” university means the
right university for them: one which offers courses
they’d like to study; where they will fit in and feel
comfortable; one that will stretch their abilities
without breaking them; and one where they will feel
safe and happy. The “right” university will differ from
child to child – even within the same family. So how
do you decide what is right? We’ll guide you.
Of course, whilst going to university is first and
foremost about getting a higher-level qualification,
it offers much more than that. It’s about learning
to research independently, create professional
relationships, develop lasting friendships, living
without parental supervision, adopting fun and
meaningful hobbies and interests. It’s learning to be
a grown-up: self-reliant, resourceful and confident.
3
“
Choosing the right university I had a preferred university
10
when I was researching potential
courses, but I changed my mind
“
after visiting.
Types of universities
What are the different categories and
do they mean anything?
12
Important factors to consider
How do I know which university is the
right one for my child?
16
Open days
How to get the best out of open days.
20
Summary
5
Types of universities
Ancient, Russell, Civic or Plate-Glass? Some other universities established Russell Group Universities the top universities in the country, and
Different terms are used for different after the 1800s are also included in this Some universities belong to the “Russell” certainly benefit from high levels of
types of university and this can be category, although some dispute whether Group. The name originates from infor- funding (they receive almost two-thirds of
confusing. Some universities are they deserve the classification – irrespec- mal meetings held in the Russell Hotel all research funds) and, given their strong
tive of the fact that, being built later, their of 17 university heads who were keen to reputation, entry requirements are likely
members of more than one group
architectural styles are not in red brick. ensure their interests were represented to to be high. Does obtaining a degree at a
whilst others choose not to be Russell university make a difference? No
government. The group was incorporated
members of any. There are over 150 Plate Glass Universities in 2007 and there are currently 24 Russell doubt, there’s a certain kudos attached,
universities vying for applications. universities, all of which have an excellent but other universities might offer more
The “Plate Glass” (or “plateglass”) univer-
What’s the difference and do the sities were established during the 1960s reputation for research, teaching and appropriate opportunities so try not to be
names mean anything? and, like red brick, take their name from industry sector links. They are considered biased.
the construction materials of the build-
Broadly speaking, the categories of ings – typically plate glass in concrete
university relate to the time at which
BIRMINGHAM UNIVERSITY
frames. Plate Glass Universities were the
they were established. This lends itself to next batch of universities to be given royal FOR A LIST OF ALL RUSSELL GROUP
different subject specialisms and teach- charter between 1963 and 1992.
ing styles. UNIVERSITIES CLICK HERE
Ancient Universities
The original seven “ancient” universities
were established before 1600. The earliest
was the University of Oxford in 1096 and
the latest was the University of Dublin in
1592.
Red Brick Universities
“Red Brick” (or “Civic”) universities were
established during the industrial revolu-
tion of the 1800s, usually in cities. They
got their name because of their iconic
red brick - a popular building material
at the time. The original six members
(Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, New Universities
Manchester and Sheffield) specialised in
“New” universities generally refer to what
much needed vocational skills such as
were previously called polytechnics
medicine and engineering (rather than
until gaining university status from 1992
the arts, language and theology as stud-
onwards.
ied at earlier universities).
6 7
Important factors to consider
Teaching and learning University size Campus or city travelling (sometimes some distance)
Most universities follow the academic Like secondary schools, universities The big question here is “to campus or from one place to another is part and
year of schools, starting in September / can vary enormously in size and the not to campus”. The great advantage of parcel of the package. This provides a
October and finishing in June / July with advantages and drawbacks should be campus universities is that everything is closer experience to life in the workplace
three terms. considered depending upon your child’s in one place – lectures, accommodation, for most people and it gives students a
learning styles. Large universities offer clubs, laundries, shops etc. They are chance to become fully immersed in the
Ancient Universities (such as Oxford, a much wider subject choice, alongside usually situated just outside or on the city itself. Whilst approved accommo-
Cambridge, Edinburgh) have been greater social opportunities with an borders of larger towns – “a town within dation may be offered in the first year
established over many centuries and astonishing array of clubs that could a town”. The impression can be that or two, later in their degree students are
tend to offer traditional subjects (Maths, give your child the chance to learn a they are safer, offer less distractions and often required to find their own accom-
English, languages) taught in a traditional wonderful new hobby that lasts a lifetime. provide a stronger sense of community modation independently. In some cases,
style. By contrast, newer universities Smaller universities cannot compete with because, in the main, students tend to universities won’t offer accommodation
(such as Loughborough, York and Suffolk) this (especially specialist establishments); stay campus based. in halls if the family home is within certain
offer more vocational subjects taught however, they may offer a greater sense mileage, so it’s worth checking the univer-
using less traditional methods. Personal of community and belonging. City universities offer the same facilities, sity website.
learning styles are important to consider. but they are split up across the town so
If your child excels when given lots of
direction and little autonomy, a more
traditional learning environment might NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY
help them achieve better results and
vice-versa if they perform better when left
CAMPUS-BASED
largely to their own devices.
The university and its industry links
Try to find out about the university and
its industry links. Strong ties with industry
often indicate excellent internship and
placement opportunities which is very
attractive for post degree employment
prospects, especially important if you
do not have these links within your own
families and contacts.
8 9
The Parent’s Guide to Universities
Why location matters
Proximity to home Rural or city based
Flying the nest is more appealing to Another consideration is whether your
some than others! This is an important child prefers town or country living. A
consideration. Attending university is, university’s location could drive many of
for most students, the first time they’ve the social activities they offer, so if your
lived away from home. For some, this child is happiest immersed in the country-
is exciting and appealing, for others it’s side and loves trekking, mountain-climb-
traumatic and challenging. ing and cross-country, they could feel
short-changed by being plunged into an
Of course, there are practical impli- urban setting and vice-versa.
cations too. If the university is close
to home, it may be possible to avoid If your child has a particular passion, it is
accommodation costs, although contin- worth checking out whether the univer-
uing to live in the family home can sity already has a group focused around
dilute the university experience in many this hobby or, if not, how easy it would be
ways – although this can be combatted to set up. Don’t consider it trivial to focus
by signing up to plenty of clubs and on pastimes, happiness is a primary
socials. But as parents it will be different driver for success, and a university’s envi-
for you too! Your lifestyle will change ronment can contribute hugely.
if your child continues to live at home
but is attending university rather than Try to be neutral
school.
The tough challenge here is putting
aside your preferences as a parent and
Is it important that your child can easily
supporting your child in the choices that
pop home at weekends or will they
are right for them – particularly if they are
adjust favourably to only returning
polar opposites to your own. Don’t forget,
during holiday periods?
it’s natural to feel protective of your
brood and want to keep them close but
university provides a good opportunity
for them to fly the nest in a protected
environment.
10 11
Open days
Most universities offer an “open day” Plan ahead
for prospective students, including It is vital your child arrives prepared to
lectures and talks, as well as existing get plenty of answers to whether the
staff and students on hand to answer university can meet their needs. Ideally,
questions. Websites, literature and being armed with lots of questions to
videos can all give an excellent sense ask during a visit gives a good basis for
of the university, but nothing beats a conversation and interaction on the day,
personal visit. which could help them stand out.
If you can, join your child on visits However, if your child hasn’t yet gained
without taking control; go with them the confidence to do this, then they
on open days to give them support could contact a student representative
and guidance (it can be daunting ahead of the visit and get answers by
email or set up a chat with a student
visiting a new place, much more so
while they’re there. What’s important is to
when you think it could hold the key
get a good sense of the comprehensive
to your future happiness) but give opportunities available and whether they
them some time alone if they need it. are offered in an environment that suits
your child’s personality to make the most
Think beyond academics of them.
Don’t focus solely on the academic
elements of the university. Check out Trust your child’s instincts
halls of residence, social centres and No matter how appealing a course might
sports facilities. If the university is town- be, if your child hates the feel of the univer-
based, spend time in the local area and sity the minute they step in the door, it’s
give some thought to how it would feel highly unlikely that they will get either the
living there for the next few years. It’s not qualifications or experience they deserve.
a lifelong commitment, but three-to-five What looks good in theory doesn’t always
years, especially for a late teenager, match up in reality. Pay heed if they take an
seems a long time. instant dislike to a place.
From a practical viewpoint, what looks
like a hop, skip and a jump on the map Check if costs are covered
could prove a deal-breaker when thinking Remember to check the university
of the practicalities of living in one part of websites. Some offer vouchers towards
town but learning in another. the cost of travel to open days.
12 13
Preparing for an open day
To get the best value out of university of what it is like to study there. It’s a good Question ideas for an open day
open days, it’s advisable to prepare idea for both of you to speak to current
in advance. Open days often include undergraduate students if the opportunity • Will an applicant still be considered if they did not
arises - ask them questions about teaching meet their predicted grades?
a variety of lectures, walking tours
and presentations, so your child quality, societies, accommodation and the • Will an applicant still be considered if they did not
should check what’s on offer and local area. meet the GCSE entry requirements stated on your
plan accordingly. In addition, they website?
should make a list of questions that Walk and observe • What is the university looking for in a student’s
they want to ask each university application / personal statement - is there anything
Walk around the campus and university they can do to increase their chances of being offered a
so they can compare and contrast town or city. Try to encourage your child to
differences to help with their place?
get a good feel for the environment. Can
decision making. Which questions they imagine themselves living there? Do • How many hours of timetabled teaching does the
should they ask staff, which are the students look happy? Is it a friendly university provide and what is the ratio between
better aimed at students, or should environment? lecture and seminar teaching?
they ask the same questions to both? • What additional support does the university
The art of seduction provide if a student finds certain parts of the course
Prepare questions in advance Universities take the opportunity of open particularly challenging?
Do not be afraid to ask questions. Open days to showcase their most impressive facil- • Does the university provide any additional support
days provide the perfect opportunity to ities. Be mindful, what you are being shown for students with a particular learning difficulty
receive direct answers to questions that likely represents the very best they have to (e.g. dyslexia)?
may be difficult to find online. Furthermore, offer. Don’t let your child be totally seduced • What does the university offer with regards to career
answers to some questions may be different by this, they must make their decision based support and guidance?
compared to the previous year, such as on plenty of other research too.
• What type of careers / jobs do students go on to have
whether they would make exceptions to the after graduating?
entry requirements stated on their website.
Don’t stress if you can’t attend • Can a student take on part-time employment whilst
Both you and your child should think of
some questions in advance rather than If you are unable to make the official open studying?
thinking on the spot. day, then you may choose to arrange a • Does the university provide opportunities to study
private viewing. Call the admissions team abroad / work in industry (or can you tell me more
to arrange a suitable date and time to visit. about these opportunities)?
Speak with students Whilst you are likely to miss out on some
Whilst open days provide an opportunity to of the lectures and presentations that are
receive information on the degree course organised during an open day, you may still
and the university itself, nothing beats hear- be able to speak with a member of staff from
ing from someone with first-hand experience the relevant faculty.
14 15
Advice from parents Summary
University is about much
Try to encourage your child to more than obtaining further
join the student tours on a qualifications. To succeed, your
university open day. child must feel comfortable.
Prathima found it much easier
to ask students her questions
Think abut location, size, and
compared to speaking to lecturers 1 atmosphere of the university;
or the admissions team.
Choosing the right course
2 is more important than the
Don’t worry if the right university type;
university for your child is far from
home and you don’t get to see each
Will distance from home
other as often as you would like. 3 affect your child’s success
Sara could only come home during the
holidays, but we found lots of ways to and happiness;
keep in touch - Facetime and Whatsapp
were our favourites.
Will your child do better
4 in closed (campus) or
townbased (non-campus)
environment;
Make sure the university offers
facilities for your child to enjoy Take advantage of open days
their hobbies. 5 or university visits, and try to
The Olympic sized swimming ensure your child prepares in
pool at Birmingham university advance.
enabled Chris to continue compet-
ing on a national Level.
16 17
“
Choosing the right course
After a lot of research, I decided
to do a degree course in Space
24 Science and Robotics. I may
Types of courses
never be an astronaut, but I
could develop equipment that
“
What options are there for my child gets used in space
wanting to pursue higher education and
how do we research the right course?
30
League tables
What is the difference between
national and subject league tables and
are they important?
36
University fees and learning
entitlements
What loans are available for my child
and how do we apply?
42
Summary
19Types of Undergraduate courses
Most university courses offer a three- Foundation years Foundation degrees Higher National Certificates
year undergraduate programme, This is a one-year study period that can Not to be confused with foundation (HNCs) or Diploma (HNDs)
but some offer “sandwich” courses count as the first year towards a degree or years, foundation degrees last two years The Certificate takes one year and is
which last four years, one of which as a standalone course. Foundation years and offer an alternative if a pupil hasn’t equivalent to a first year degree course,
is spent in the workplace (which are designed to increase knowledge in reached the grade for a degree course, whilst the diploma takes two years and
could be overseas). There’s also the specialised subjects required for a degree doesn’t want to commit to three or more is equivalent to the first two years of a
opportunity to obtain certificates of course and are usually taken if students years at university, or prefers more voca- degree course. Both can be topped up to
education, diplomas, higher national didn’t meet the entry requirements of the tional study. They can be “topped up” a full degree by extending the course or
diplomas and foundation degrees. university either because of poor grades with a final year to equate to a bachelors joining a degree course at a later stage.
or different subject combinations. degree. The benefit here is to be able to study for
a degree in stages.
Bachelors
Diploma in Foundation Studies Degree of bachelor level
Usually three or four years long, these
(art and design) apprenticeship
can be single subject, dual subject (dual
This is a comparatively new university
or joint honours) or several subjects A route towards art and design courses
offering, allowing students taking an
(combined honours). Typically there’s allowing specialisation in a student’s
apprenticeship to gain a bachelors (or
a quantity that everyone studies – the specific area of art or design.
masters) qualification by both working
core – and then options to specialise by
and studying at university part time.
taking different modules. Some bachelors FINDING THE RIGHT COURSE
offer sandwich courses, which means an
additional year in work placement as part TO SUIT YOUR CHILD
of the degree. In some cases there’s the IS TOP PRIORITY
option to convert the bachelors to masters
by studying for an additional year.
Bachelor of Arts or Science?
The major difference between a Bachelor
of Arts (BA) and a Bachelors of Science
degree (BS or BSc) lies in the subject
chosen for study (i.e. more science focused
or arts focused). For some subjects, this
classification may differ between universi-
ties, such as economics and psychology. In
this case, a BSc in economics or psychol-
ogy is normally more suitable for students
with an aptitude for maths and scientific
study compared to their BA equivalents.
20 21The Parent’s Guide to Universities
Researching the right course
With over 30,000 courses available career path, their choice of degree may be
the right course is out there – it obvious, which can be helpful. If not, some
just might be tricky to find it! There thought and reflection on things they enjoy
is plenty of information about that might apply to the workplace can give
university courses available so it’s direction so some research on jobs might
worth researching diligently before help streamline options by providing guid-
making choices, rather than students ance on routes into industry.
relying on “my teacher recommends
it”; “my parents took it”, or “I like the Too much choice?
university”. If they are struggling with a starting point,
investigating what’s of interest to them is a
When to step back good place to start. You think they spend
too much time playing video games? How
This research is something that your child about a BA in Computer Games Design – it
should undertake – not you on their behalf. can be a lucrative business post-graduation.
Avoid the temptation to use this as an Not academic but loves sports? BA in Sports
opportunity to investigate options you Management. A passion for understanding
would have liked to take given the chance. It how things work? How about MEng(Hons) in
may be tough with the benefit of hindsight Product Design Engineering? Always reading
and experience, but try not to forget it’s your crime thrillers? Perhaps they’d enjoy a BA in
child’s life and their choices, not yours. Criminology.
Finding focus Predicted grades
Thinking of favourite subject choices is a Your child should research courses whose
good way to narrow focus, but don’t forget entry requirements are closely aligned to
many of the subjects offered at degree level their predicted grades, allowing for some
aren’t covered in sixth form options, so don’t aspirational and safe choices either side.
let your child restrict themselves to only
considering topics they’ve already studied.
Of course, if they are already set on a certain
Useful link
Which?
University
course
search
22 23The Parent’s Guide to Universities Introduction
Rory’s story:
By the time I began Year 13, I had
narrowed my degree to two possible
Suggested starting points choices - an art related course or biol-
ogy. Whenever I explain this to people,
Do they enjoy being in the they are always surprised. I enjoyed
classroom? both, I was on track for As and I had no
Is your child idea about a potential career path.
Do they enjoy learning in a
academic or studio or outside?
practical? Having attended a fairly academic
Do they enjoy writing essays school, there was a certain pressure to
and researching topics or prefer choose biology. However, it was the
to make and produce things?
comments of one friend that made me
finally choose a degree in illustrations.
Is there a particular part of a He said I should choose an art based
school subject they have enjoyed?
degree as I was always seen doodling
Which school Do they have a natural flair for in my sketch book. His comments
subjects do they a subject? made me realise what I actually had a
enjoy? passion for - outside of the classroom
If they enjoy more than one and during my spare time.
subject, are there any common
themes?
I have never regretted this decision.
Dedicating three years to a subject I
Is your child particularly
genuinely enjoyed beyond study led
passionate about any music,
sport or art related activities? to some of the best years of my life. I
am now working for a large marketing
What are your Think about your child’s company creating online illustrations
child’s hobbies? personality traits for a range of clients - a career choice I
Try to think outside the box never considered when I was at school.
- do they have a particular
interest in current affairs?
Gaming? Helping others?
Has your child Try to think of subjects that
will help them pursue this
expressed interest
career without narrowing
in a particular their options if they choose to
career? change their mind
24 25Introduction
League Tables SUBJECT-SPECIFIC LEAGUE
TABLES ARE MORE RELEVANT
National league tables Subject specific league tables THAN NATIONAL LEAGUE
Don’t get too obsessed with the national It’s worth reviewing league tables to TABLES
league tables which are published see how the chosen university delivers
annually by the Complete University in the specific subject areas of interest.
Guide, The Guardian and The Times / This is different from the league tables
Sunday Times. They cover a range of of how your university performs overall.
factors including student satisfaction, It’s possible that a university may rank
entry standards, facilities and academic low on overall league tables, but be very
services amongst others and focus strong and well-respected in a particular
on full-time student experience (not area of study (and vice versa). Also,
part-time). check for professional accreditation by
approved membership bodies if seeking
Well established universities have had a out a professional degree – this is a good
long time to hone their subject offerings indicator of whether the course is highly
and know how to perform well in league regarded within industry and whether
tables. By contrast, new universities do or not it’s on par within the UK and
not have this advantage but often excel internationally.
by offering new, innovative subjects
which can prove more relevant to today’s The Teaching Excellence and
working environment. A variance of
20-30 places could indicate as little as a Student Outcomes Framework (TEF)
couple of points difference. It’s also worth To assess the quality of teaching within
noting that universities that rank highly a university, consider the TEF rating
in national tables don’t always rank well as decided by an independent expert
in international tables as the criteria panel including students, academics and
applied are different. If you spot a big employer representatives. Ratings award-
difference, it’s worth visiting the university ed are gold, silver or bronze.
website directly, as they sometimes offer
explanations.
Useful links
The The The Times
Guardian Complete Good The TEF
University University University Ratings
Guide 2019 Guide 2020 Guide 2019
26 27Introduction
University entry requirements
Different universities have different Customised admissions tests UCAS tariff
entry requirements, so it’s important Some universities not only require a In order to compare students as equitably
to check the university’s website specified qualification grade at A Level as possible, UCAS offers a tariff (previously
for details. Entry requirements are (or minimum number of UCAS points) known as the “points system”) whereby
set out by the university to assess but they also have their own admissions each sixth form qualification is awarded
whether your child is suitable for a tests / examinations to help them assess a certain number of points according to a
particular course. candidates like for like. Interviews may combination of the time spent studying
also form a critical part of the application it and the grade achieved. This tariff is
Universities set their own standards process, but not for all universities. If recognised nationally across the UK and
applying for performing arts, auditions universities use it to gauge the standard
Subject combinations, types of quali- will also be likely to feature and other art of achievement for sixth form students.
fication and subject grades needed for subjects may require the development of It enables them to make comparisons
entry not only vary from university to a portfolio. between students who have studied
university, but may also differ within the
different types of sixth form courses –
same university for different degrees. As
a rule, universities are not flexible about GCSEs could matter i.e. National Highers, BTEC, A Levels etc.
their entry requirements (i.e. if they set Some universities may also specify
certain GCSE results. With AS Levels no Depending on the perceived course
minimum grades, your child will have
longer contributing to your child’s final difficulty and the type of university, the
to reach those grades); however, there
A Level grade, universities are increasingly minimum entry requirements will vary
are sometimes exceptions to rules (if
looking at GCSE performance as a formal both from university to university and from
your child can offer something special
indicator of your child’s academic ability. course to course within the same univer-
or if many students have failed to meet
sity. Not all post sixth form establishments
the entry requirements that year) so it’s
cite a UCAS tariff, they might specify grade
always worth speaking to admissions to It’s worth checking requirements (i.e. x3 A Levels, minimum
see where they might flex requirements.
Always check with the university (by ring- ABB), but it is the same thing. However, if
ing the admissions tutor) if your child’s they do cite a UCAS tariff (i.e. minimum 120
Not all sixth form qualifications are
particular qualification is not listed on points), check out the tariff tables using the
considered equal by some universities.
their website. Some universities are will- UCAS calculator to work out what qualifi-
For example, some do not accept BTEC
ing to be flexible for the right candidate. cation and grades will be needed to gain
and others consider certain A Levels
university entry.
weightier than others.
Useful links
Tariff
calculator
28 29Understanding university websites
University websites may look Course content Teaching and learning Entry requirements
different when comparing side Degree courses vary between universities Not all students learn in the same way Each university sets its own entry require-
by side, but the information they and each degree may provide a very differ- so it is important to research how each ments so make sure your child is access-
relay is similar and will definitely ent experience for your child. Thoroughly degree is delivered and assessed. If ing courses based on their ability and
cover course content, information research the modules that each degree your child is particularly anxious when it potential. Entry requirements provide a
about the teaching style and entry provides by comparing core modules comes to examinations, then choosing a good indication of the difficulty of each
requirements. (mandatory modules of study) and optional degree which is mainly assessed through degree course and so it is important to
modules between each university degree. coursework or presentations may be realistic in what your child can access
It’s important to be aware that degree increase your child’s chances of success. when moving into higher education.
courses vary significantly between Furthermore, some universities may
universities:- even when the degree title is provide additional options, such as a the Moreover, think carefully about your Remember, your child can only apply to
the same! So make sure your child pays possibility or studying abroad (usually in child’s learning needs. Will they thrive a maximum of five universities through
close attention to understanding the a partner university) or a year long work in small classroom based environments UCAS, so carefully note all the entry
differences in course modules, placement. These may be important (seminars), lectures or more practical requirements for each university before
assessment methods, teaching styles considerations in giving your child a learning environments? applying to check whether your child is
and entry requirements between particular advantage when entering their likely to meet these.
universities. chosen career.
These differences could be deciding Things to consider: Things to consider: Things to consider:
factors in which course (and university) is
your child’s preferred option. For • What are the core modules that • Does teaching mainly consist of • What are the minimum entry
example, if there are two universities of must be studied in years 1, 2 and large lectures or seminars? requirements?
similar rankings and style that they like 3? • Is the course largely exam based • Does the course require a grade in a
almost equally, where one offers a course • Which optional modules are on or coursework based? particular subject?
with a teaching style better suited to their offer? • What are the facilities like? • Will the course accept BTECs or
personal learning preferences, or course • Is there an option to study • Is a dissertation in year 3 alternative qualifications to A Level?
content more closely matching their areas abroad? required? • Do they require a minimum Level of
of interest - perhaps they are really keen • Is there an option to spend one • For practical subjects such as Maths or English?
to have overseas experience - this would year in industry? Media Studies, how much of the • Does the course require a portfolio
be a significant contributor to their final • Is there an option to combine course is theoretical and how or an interview prior to making an
decision. this subject with another subject? much is practical? offer?
30 31Understanding university fees LOAN APPLICATIONS MUST BE
MADE AT LEAST EIGHT WEEKS
With university fees at almost £10,000 Timing BEFORE THE COURSE BEGINS
per year plus living costs on top, the Applications for student finance can
prospect of committing to three or be made prior to receiving results and
four years studying can seem as if confirming a university offer. So, once
the financial burden outweighs the application to UCAS has been completed,
benefits. But graduates earn your child can make a provisional appli-
more than school leavers and cation for student finance whilst waiting
payback terms are linked to earnings on results. Loan applications must be
(as explained later) so it can be a made at least eight weeks before the
worthwhile investment. course commences, otherwise payment
may be delayed: don’t forget this covers
both types of loan - tuition fees and
Loan applications maintenance loans. We recommend
Loan applications are made to the coun- encouraging your child to apply early to
try of home residence, not the destina- ensure loans are processed on time.
tion university through Student Finance.
So, if your child lives in Scotland and
Tuition fees
is going to university in England, appli-
cations are made to Scotland. Student The tuition fees (up to £9,250 per annum)
Finance is the organisation responsible are paid via Student Finance direct to
for providing Tuition Fee Loans and the university (once the place has been
Maintenance Loans to students at accepted) and parental earnings do not
university. Applications must be made impact this.
separately.
Maintenance loans
The maintenance loan is influenced by
Key terms: parental earnings. Simply put, the higher
the family income, the less money grant-
Tuition fee loan: the loan to ed:- parents will be expected to cover any
cover the annual cost of the univer- shortfall. However, assessment is made
sity degree on “residual” income – i.e. the money left
over after debts and expenses have been
paid (so not pre-tax earnings or even
Maintenance loan: the loan to net income). This money is paid termly
cover cost of living such as accom- directly to the student, so make sure they
modation, food, course materials. know how to budget.
32 33A different type of loan
Divorced / separated Parents Other financing options
Repayment terms are:
Where parents are separated or divorced, It’s worth reviewing scholarships, grants
income is assessed on the parent with and bursaries to see whether you child 1. No payments are made until the 3. Repayments are docked directly
whom the child resides and (if applica- might qualify for additional income, student is earning £25,000 in the at source and they cease if salary
ble) their current partner (irrespective of particularly if they are studying for April after graduation; drops below the threshold;
whether or not that partner is responsible specialist degrees such as medical, social
for the child). Income for the other work or teaching. 2. Once they qualify for payment, 4. Interest rates apply from when
biological parent is not assessed. they repay only 9% on any amount the loan is given (i.e. start of the
Prepayments earned over the threshold (so if degree);
Repayments Be careful with making pre-payments. they earned £25,100 in April after
graduating, they would pay £9 a 5. Any outstanding debt is wiped clear
Repayments are collected via Student Many students never repay the full
month); after 30 years.
Loans Company, who work alongside amount of their loans before the amount
HMRC to collect repayments in line with is wiped clear. Trying to save on interest
earnings after the degree is complete. fees can prove a false economy. However,
if they are likely to have continued
Repayment terms are very generous, so employment at a high salary, then it
avoid thinking that student loans are like might be worth making a prepayment.
conventional bank loans or even a mort- There are online calculators to help work
gage. Importantly, no money is taken this out.
until earnings reach a certain threshold,
they are paused if earnings drop below Be aware!
that threshold (maternity or redundancy),
they are not evaluated on partner earn- Even with the maximum maintenance allow-
ings and they are wiped clean after 30 ance, it may be necessary to supplement
years. living costs, either through you contributing
directly or your child getting work whilst
studying:- or a combination of both!
Useful links
GOV. UK The Student Student
Student Loans Finance
loans Company Calculator
34 35Introduction
Learning difficulties and entitlements Antoine’s story:
For students with a learning need, Don’t forget , if your child has an education Conditions that might qualify include: At school, I was always given the help
mental health issue or disability, there’s and healthcare plan (“EHCP”) this will lapse and support I needed to do well. I was
the option to apply for dedicated on higher education, but support will be • cognition and learning difficulties given a scribe, extra time and learning
funding to help with extra costs associ- available through the DSA. (such as dyslexia or dyspraxia); support to help me with my dyslexia.
ated with their condition. It’s called • social, emotional and mental health I was surprised to discover that this
Whilst notification of eligibility can take place difficulties (such as ADD, ADHD); type of help also extended to higher
Disabled Students’ Allowances (DSAs).
relatively quickly, it can take a long time to sighted or needing crutches); education.
process and complete all stages of the appli- • sensory and / or physical needs (such
This is in addition to student finance
cation (up to fourteen weeks), so do apply as visual impairment or equipment to Applying for DSA enabled me to
and there is no need to repay the money
early. To qualify for DSAs, a student must be support a physical difficulty); purchase a range of learning software
awarded. It may cover specialist equipment
an undergraduate and studying for at least • communication and interaction that converted my speech into text.
(i.e. a computer, voice recognition software,
one year (this can be part time, depending needs (such as difficulties with speech / This helped me to write essays quicker
dictaphone), non-medical helpers (i.e. proof
on the “course intensity”) and have written language, Asperger’s Syndrome, autisim); than I usually would under normal
reader, note taker, sign interpreter), extra
evidence from a qualified specialist about • Under the Equality Act 2010, some long- conditions. The university itself also
travel (i.e. the cost of taxis if you child can’t
their condition. term health conditions are classified as supported me - so I am glad I told
take public transport) and / or accommoda-
disabilities (such as HIV, cancer, chronic them. I thought I would be the only
tion contribution (i.e. if the bathroom needs
The maximum allowances can be found heart disease). one going to university with a learning
to be adapted to meet your child’s needs). It
is applied to costs incurred directly because online, however, very few students are difficulty, but that was definitely not
entitled to the full benefit and most receive Keep Student Finance England updated the case.
of undertaking the course (rather than costs
much less. Money is usually paid to the about any changes in condition because it
that would be accumulated anyway) and
organisation providing the service although may mean an entitlement to more allowance.
costs incurred over and above that of those
made by any student without a similar in some cases it may be paid to the student’s
disadvantage. bank account. Refunds and reimbursements
will not be given for any costs incurred prior
The allowance is assessed not by household to the appropriate application and approval
income but individual needs and, upon systems. If awarded the cost of a new
eligible application, it will be necessary to computer, it will be necessary to contribute
undergo a “study needs assessment” at an £200 towards this.
approved DSA centre (they will send you a
link identifying local assessors). However, It’s not necessary to inform the college or
if a student is applying for both financial university if your child receives DSAs; howev-
support and DSAs, they must complete er, it might be helpful for them to know to
their student loan application through ensure your child gets all the support availa-
Student Finance England first (as explained ble. In addition, colleges and universities will
in Understanding Fees section) else they will have a disability adviser who will be able to
not be able to make the online application. give you help and advice about your child’s
entitlements.
36 37Advice from parents Summary
Choosing the right course at the right
university takes research.
Encourage your child to find part-
time work over the holidays as this
will help cover living expenses during Understand how courses differ
term-time. 1 from one another to steer the
We couldn’t cover 100% of Alfie’s decision making process;
living expenses, but the money he earnt
as a support assistant in a summer
camp helped make up the difference. How long does your child want
2 to commit to further education
(at this stage) and do they
want to go abroad?
Don’t worry if your child doesn’t
have a career in mind - it’s OK not Be guided by league tables,
to know at this point. 3 but don’t obsess over them;
Philippa has always loved read-
ing and chose to study English
Literature; she’s really enjoying Check university entry
her time at university. 4 requirements carefully;
Investigate financing options
5 for both tuition fees and main-
Don’t let the most famous tenance loans and apply with
university names drive your plenty of time.
child’s decision.
After significant research, Leon
found the best media studies course
to suit him was at Southampton
University, which had excellent
industry links.
38 39“
The UCAS process
My school provided a lot of help
46
about how to fill in the UCAS
application, but I still needed to
do some research myself.
“
Understanding UCAS
What is UCAS and what are the main
stages of the application process?
54
Tracking the application
What happens once my child applies
to their chosen universities?
58
UCAS key dates
A timeline of the most important
deadlines and key dates.
60
Summary
41The Parent’s Guide to Universities
Understanding UCAS
All university applications are made Nominated access In fact, some universities prefer applicants to location – can indicate that the student
through the University and Colleges Whilst your child needs to complete the be focused on one course, so multiple appli- doesn’t know where their interest lies and
Admissions Service (“UCAS”). There application themselves, in the personal cations to the same university could indicate is unlikely to be looked upon favourably.
is a strict process and application information section, there’s the option for lack of focus and count against the applicant. If this happens, it might be better for
procedure so it’s vital to know what them to add your name as “nominated them to go back to the drawing board
information needs to be provided, in access” which means that, with a few of In some cases, universities automatically and reconsider their course choices.
what format and when it needs to be their personal details, you will be able to offer similar alternatives if an applicant
track progress with their application directly doesn’t make their preferred choice, so using UCAS parent newsletter
submitted. Unlike schools that can
either with UCAS or the universities they’ve applications for multiple variations of a
sometimes flex deadlines for academic For regular parental updates regarding
applied to. This is very handy if they are similar thing is a wasted opportunity.
work, the UCAS deadlines are fixed the UCAS application process it is
and late applications may not be travelling and out of contact, or not very worth signing up to the UCAS parents
considered at all so it’s important to good at keeping you updated on progress. A scattergun approach may backfire newsletter.
respect the timetable outlined. Applying for courses that are completely
Facilitating information sharing different – irrespective of university Sign up here
Plan ahead UCAS doesn’t make applications for
The process itself is reasonably straight- finance, but giving permission for them
forward but much of the content requires to share details on the application could
considerable preparation before submis- speed up fund applications for either
sion so this is absolutely not something tuition or maintenance fees.
to leave until the last minute. Applications
that have been rushed and insufficiently Choose wisely
thought-through are obvious and a slap-
dash approach could jeopardise opportu- Applications can be made for five choices –
nities so ensure your child invests plenty this can be five versions of the same course
of time in making the application. at five different universities, or five different
courses all at the same university – or any
Seven sections for completion: combination thereof.
1. Personal details Usually, it doesn’t make much sense to only
2. Additional information apply to one university, as entry require-
3. Student finance ments are likely to be similar whatever the
4. Choices course and this could prevent your child
5. Education details going to university at all if they fail to make
6. Personal statement the minimum grades.
7. Employment
42 43Maintain relevance Education details Employment experience
Keep UCAS informed
As only one application can be made Full education details must be included, Any paid employment experience should
across multiple courses it’s important and this includes results of any examina- also be included. All the better if there’s Email is the first choice of commu-
to ensure that the overall application is tions taken, including: a direct link to the course application, nications for most universities, so
relevant to each course tutor reading it. but any experience is worthwhile and your child should ensure their email
• Examinations taken and what grades accounts are set to receive bulk and
were awarded; being able to distil and articulate why
For example, if applying for economics the experience was beneficial (in the / or large emails.
• Examinations taken but ungraded;
and politics at one university, but • Examinations taken but where results personal statement) can make the differ-
economics and philosophy at another, it ence between a typical application and a Don’t forget to ensure that UCAS is
are yet to be released; notified straight away if personal
might be wise to focus subject (course) • Courses undertaken, even if they were standout one.
related discussion on economics (the details (address, email, telephone
not completed (an explanation of why numbers) change during the
common denominator in both cases) and they weren’t completed should also be Students applying directly will need to
use references in the personal statement include details of references, but if appli- application process. Failing to do
provided). this could mean important commu-
to indicate suitability to study politics and cations are made via school or college, the
philosophy. If all of the text in the course educational institution will do this for them. nications are missed.
Concealing information here could prove
section relates to economics and politics, costly later down the line if it’s discovered the
a tutor offering a place for economics and application was not wholly truthful: it could,
philosophy might interpret that this is not in fact, result in offers being withdrawn.
your preferred option and dismiss your
application accordingly.
Spreading risk
Try to encourage your child to apply for a
range of courses with different entry require-
ments in case academic expectations are
surpassed or not met.
It is usually advised to apply for a mix of
aspirational, realistic and safe university
options. Applying to a range of universities
with similar entry requirements may prove
to be a costly error in receiving offers or not
on results day.
44 45Personal statement
As part of the university application, Addressing different course choices Being a joke may not be funny Demonstrating passion
your child will need to submit a If they have chosen several different types of Tempting though it may be to make lots With relatively few words allowed, it is
personal statement. Effectively, this courses, they will need to focus on themes of jokes, write in an unusual style, or essential that the university understands
is a short (4,000 characters or circa (i.e. creativity, communications, organisation, exaggerate the truth in a bid to stand out why this is the right course for your child.
500 words) advert that lets your child mechanics, research etc) rather than specif- from others, this is not the appropriate Wider reading and relevant work experi-
showcase why they would make a ics (i.e. anything unique to one of the course way forward. Notwithstanding the ence associated with their degree choice
great student. titles). If possible, they should seek out the personal statement should reflect your (even if it is for a day) will help illustrate
themes common to all the courses. child’s personality, these pretentions their interest.
The complication arises in that only one should be avoided.
personal statement can be submitted Notwithstanding this, every effort should
across all university applications and be made to articulate their suitability and
therefore it cannot be tailored to individual passion for their chosen courses, even if this
YOUR CHILD’S PERSONAL
universities or courses: which does not means articulating in general terms rather STATEMENT SHOULD BE
mean they should not have been thoroughly than specifics depending on how different
researched before preparing the statement. the areas of focus in each course may be. STARTED EARLY
The good news is the bulk of the statement
should be focused around your child’s It is worth noting that more academic
strengths, achievements and ambitions. universities will seek greater evidence of your
child’s passion for the subject versus their
Content for a personal statement isn’t skillset, less academic universities will place
something that can be created over- more weight on skills.
night. It takes time to assimilate ideas,
finesse them, so it’s good to encourage Hobbies and interests
them to start thinking about this well
ahead of submission time. This doesn’t Their interests beyond the classroom
necessarily mean a heavy-handed desk are especially important, where they can
bound session but prompting them with demonstrate initiative for doing something
questions on a regular basis to help them that has not been prescribed, and interests
clarify why they like something or what and inspiration that they have discovered
makes an experience pleasant / unat- themselves. This is a key way to stand out
tractive for them will help consolidate from others because it clearly demonstrates
thoughts and prompt an understanding their uniqueness. Voluntary experience can
of ways to describe clearly what they like also be included.
and dislike and why.
Don’t forget location. If all their chosen
universities are city based whilst their
hobbies are all country-related, they need to
address this.
46 47Setting the right tone Getting personal experience
It is essential to write in clear English (it A key way to stand out from others is to
does not have to be flamboyant or elab- gain some experience, either by volun- How to support your child with
orate but should articulate the meaning teering, working or enjoying hobbies. It their personal statement
simply), use a sensible email address and resonates all the more if they can show
focus on positives (what they do like and reflection on what they’ve learned from DOs
contribute, not what they don’t like and it and how it’s impacted them. This has • Start early - the personal statement will need a
want to avoid). special merit if it’s in a related area to number of redrafts;
subjects they’re applying for: • Create a plan - encourage your child to make a
Like CVs, there are certain descriptors list of all their achievements - academic, work-
that can be over-used (creative, great • Someone applying for a medical related, sport, music and art successes;
communicator, diligent, willing to learn, degree might demonstrate a caring • Check the university websites to see what
team player, problem solver to name personality by volunteering at a local qualities and skills they want to see: an aptitude
but a few). It’s fine to use these expres- hospital, charity or hospice; for maths? Creativity?
sions, but the focus should be on why • Someone looking to get involved in • Leave time for feedback - teachers, tutors, family
this applies (and examples to prove or a sports degree might help set up a members;
demonstrate) rather than listing them jogging group for teenagers in a local • Check for spelling and grammatical mistakes;
without qualification. park; • Relate experience, study and hobbies to the course
• Working in a shop over the weekend or to what university life entails;
Sequence, paragraph order and a broad might offer all sorts of insights into • Write with passion and enthusiasm - can your
remit covering a variety of aspects of their customer relations, understanding child demonstrate wider reading? Additional courses
personality are important. This is no time consumer bias, appreciating the completed? Work experience in a relevant field?
to be shy or secretive. Your child should importance of customers being polite
share drafts to get feedback and input and respectful to staff etc;
from a range of people that have unique • A passion for a certain hobby and how DONTs
insight into their different strengths. that has grown and developed over • Plagiarise or copy any other source - UCAS will
time, demonstrates commitment, check for this and it may have an impact on
The personal statement can be cut and enthusiasm, progress and self-growth. your child’s overall application;
paste from another source. To get a good • Exceed the 4000 character limit / 47 lines of text
statement, it will probably need to go If a gap year is planned, it’s worth includ- • Mention a university or course by name (if your
through many iterations, so best not to ing an outline of how it is hoped this will child is applying to different universities or for
type it directly onto the application form! expand their experience and knowledge courses with different titles);
in the personal statement. • Demonstrate uncertainty or excuse potential bad
results;
• Try to be overly funny or waffle.
48 49You can also read
