CIPC 20th anniversary Prevention of Violent Radicalisation
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CIPC
20th anniversary
Prevention of Violent
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
Radicalisation
Véronique KETELAER
BRUXELLES AVANCE
Director of Prevention and Participation
City of Brussels,
(BRAVVO municipal agency)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 1
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
City of Brussels: capital of UE and Belgium
170.000 inhabitants (Bruss Regio = 1.100.000) – 28km2
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1.000.000 visitors/day
23% rate unemployment
55% single parent with child (isolated families)
14 % large families (4childrens)
10-30 % foreigners
560 demonstrations/year,
105 UE Summits/Councils meetings,…
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 2BRAVVO in figures :
Municipal association created in 2004
270 employees (70% in the streets)
10 different public funding programmes to
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
coordinate (admin/fin/operational) :
prevention plans, investiment in social
housing, social cohesion plans, districts
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development,..
Budget = 14.000.000 €/year
65% supralocal public fundings
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 3Bravvo focuses on 3 major OBJECTIVES:
➔ improvement of urban safety
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
and the feeling of security
➔ fight against social exclusion
➔ Making urban living attractive
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(districts and community
development)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 4Violent radicalisation:
first occurrence of the problem
in Brussels
End 2012: information from field workers about alarming
disappearances of young people and young adults known
by Bravvo services (area Laeken), possibly gone to fight in
Syria
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
April 2013 first internal report established on radicalisation
process and good practises known so far
April 2013, news that 2 young people died in Syria
Gathering of all objective information in a local diagnosis
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Designation of internal agent as pilot (social mediator)
Meeting with the families involved and touched by
phenomenon, creation of specific space for expression and
dialogue (listening, informations, contacts points)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 5Who are Belgian candidates for Syria/Irak?
Different profiles:
• under-qualified young people with limited economical and
professional future prospect,
• highly educated people
• converts
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
= 3 main profiles targeted by recrutement websites
Oct 2014 figures (Home affairs/Safety agency):
• Around 300 Belgians concerned by departures in Syria
• Around 100 « returnees » in Belgium
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• Region: Antwerpen; Brussels, Vilvoorde, Mechelen..
• Increasing with mainstream media reports, religious
festivities or end of holiday period
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 6Who are Belgian candidates for Syria and Irak?
> Mainly men, but increasing of number of women
and families leaving to settle down in Syria-Irak
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
• Women, motivation is to become fighter’s wife, or
foster mother for orphans. Often recruited by other
women on social networks, focus on dedication.
• Families motivation is « Califat », a state with islamic
values they could feel at ease with (settle in the land)
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> Ages: mostly people in their 20-30’s y old
(12-60 y old)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 7How are they recruited?
> Mostly on internet (cases of self-radicalisation)
> Radicalisation often spreads easier in groups of people having
close relationships: peers groups, families
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• Families and peer groups at risk are the ones in which one
of the members has radicalised. Others are more likely to
follow the example
• Example of families where all the sons are gone and some
dead
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> Active presence of recruiters in associations, cafés and chicha
bars, rarely in mosques
> Facilitating ideological context: more conservative practices
of islam in occident (« back to the roots » ideology)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 8Impact on families and communities
Most of the time families feel overwhelmed:
• Afraid of being judged as radicals and bad parents by
people outside the community, or as too moderate
people by community insiders. So they seldom ask for
help…
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• Some decisions at a federal level can impact local
work done with families (ex: armed intervention in Irak,
families decided not to work with us anymore)
This phenomenon is a sign of failure of conviviality and
social cohesion in neighbourhoods.
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• In some cities (ex: Gent in Flanders) where citizens links
are strong and multiculturality is worked on, there have
been no departure for Syria or Irak.
This phenomenon is a threat to communities peaceful
coexistence
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 9What re-action in Brussels City?
Designation of a project manager in charge of prevention of
violent radicalisation
• Contact point for families and communities
• Expert advice for inhabitants or field workers
• Diagnosis: gathering of all relevant informations on topic for
diagnosis update
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• Responsible for implementation of local action plan and animate
the local inter-service platform
• Information and advice to the local authorities
• Development of partners network
• ‘shadow’ worker (not media person)
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• He is assisted by little back-up committee inside Bravvo
Production of a local strategy (diagnosis + action plan):
procedures for information sharing between services (legal and
deontological framework), identification of ressources (contact
points), case management, Work protective factors with youngsters
(involvment in humanitarian and societal programs , best practices
exchange and networking (local and international levels)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 10Strategy of Brussels City
Training of the field workers: 2 days training session for
staff members, coordinators first and then field workers
Stakeholders from police, home affairs security agency,
academic world, field workers, and families touched by
phenomenon
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
Integrate networks on the topic, at a local, regional,
national and international levels: BFUPS, EFUS, City inter-
services platform, expert groups of the Internal Affairs
Ministry, RAD (Radicalisation Awareness Network of
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European commission)…
Work with media (« be cautious »): only take the floor if
possible to speak about impact on families and
communities and prevent ‘glamourizing’ of fighters and
jihad
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 11Is a city competent on this subject?
Is a city legitimate to deal with this problem?
• Neighbourhood impact > legitimacy (population ask for
reaction, information)
• Violent radicalisation touches the inhabitants of the city, and
has an impact on safety (feeling and real), but also on the
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
capacity of peaceful coexistence and social cohesion in the
city (exclusion is not acceptable).
• The roots can be local (community feeling discriminated, not
given the same chances towards employment or social and
cultural evolution)
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What we do not as municipal Prevention service?
• Intelligence Agency job (detection)
• Break the law concerning professionnal secrecy, put our
social workers in danger.
• Avoid our responsability (not « sand policy »: the problem is
real and serious and we have to face it.
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 12What is the role of a prevention service?
What do we do?
• Proximity and dialogue: open debate on the topic,
improve the quality of life in neighbourhoods and
equal chances,
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• preventing conflicts and frustrations (social work in
youth centers and with young adults), give tools and
training to people against hate, sectionalism and
intolerance
• Display information, psychological and social support
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to people at risk and their relatives,
• Information and tranings to field workers (municipal)
• Facilitate awareness training sessions in schools (not
done yet in Brussels)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 13Problems and resistance ?
Part of field workers, from cultural or ethnical background close
to the communities touched, did not want to raise the subject
with public or within Bravvo
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• Touchy subject, religion involved, meaning intimacy
• Fear from social field workers to be used and
instrumentalised by police, security agency and to be
turned into detection agents
• Fear to lose confident relationship with the public by raising
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the subject
• Fear of being dragged into a fashinonable issue when other
issues are as important but less visible, and versus generalist
roles
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 14Problems and resistance
• New issue: legal status is complex
• Fear for prison: given the risk for people to go to prison
once they come back >> families don’t ask for help and
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hide their kids
• Not enough second-line associations for expertise and
relay of individuals (returnees)
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• Foreign good practises are not always possible to
implement in Belgium (costs, expertise, institutional and
political complexity)
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 15Perspectives
• Cooperation model and multiagency parnership: between
police, State safety Dpt, crime prevention services, schools,
youth and social, Population Dept at local and supra-local
levels:
> Need to fix the procedures / protocols
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> asset in Belgium: partnership habits and
integrated crime prevention policy
• Hotline for inhabitants and field workers to get information
and advice at a national level
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> ex: Amsterdam Information House
• Networking and good practices exchange: evaluation of
impact in projects, good practices exchanges and
coaching between cities
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 16Thank you for your attention
Contact:
Véronique Ketelaer,
ASBL / BRUSSEL VOORUIT VZW
Directrice Prévention Participation
City of Brussels- Bravvo
Véronique.Ketelaer@brucity.be
BRUXELLES AVANCE
www.bravvo.be
www.brucity.be
Un modèle de présentation adapté à tous les services | 30 octobre 2014 17You can also read
