DAILY NEWS ARTICLES/EDITORIALS 08TH JANUARY 2021 - Shiksha IAS
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
DAILY NEWS ARTICLES/EDITORIALS 08TH JANUARY 2021
Posted on January 8, 2021 by admin
Page: 1Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
1) Reading Hannah Arendt in Joe Biden’s America
CONTEXT:
1. The violence against democracy, a blotch on the American constitutional democracy,
interestingly, changed the minds of senators like Kelly Loeffler (Republican) who had
previously said that they would object to the Electoral College results.
2. Multi-polarised world in Joe Biden’s America and democratic systems is in existence.
Healing a polarised nation (USA)?
1. The unhinged and angry authoritarian at last stands crushed and humiliated to undercut one of
the oldest democratic systems in existence.
2. With the deeply polarised nation divided into two belligerentcamps, Afflicted with an
escalating novel coronavirus pandemic, an ailing economy, racial discrimination, and a climate
crisis rebuffed by millions, Trump is “finding ways and means of how to avoid admitting
defeat” and keeping the image of a President as the ‘mightiest power on earth’ and the only
one who can keep it intact.
Solution:
1. Biden’s America has four long years to undo the tragic consequences of intolerance and
division left behind by the incumbent.
2. PM Modi, Host of World LeadersCall for Peaceful Transition of Power in the US.
A parallel policy , then and now?
1. It was the war on terror, on Afghanistan and Iraq that echo Arendt’s report on the Holocaust
organiser,
2. Adolf Eichmann and his trial derives its significance from the complex notions of justice and
responsibility, ethics and duty.
3. The war, for instance in Iraq or a few decades earlier in Vietnamwas not in support of
defending democracy and human rights but to exhibit the power and might of the American
hegemon.
4. The fabrication of the hypothesis of “weapons of mass destruction”was exposed when no
such lethal nuclear arsenal was discovered. The sham left both the United States and Britain
red in the face.
The Global challenge for 2021 need to resolve? :
Page: 2Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
1. Domestic challenge of USA: President-elect Biden the weakest executive to take office since
Jimmy Carter in 1976. But the consequences of extreme polarization for democratic legitimacy
extend well beyond US borders. Beyond a shared desire to contain China, Republicans and
Democrats will disagree sharply—with each other and among themselves—over the objectives
of U.S. foreign policy. whether the next “America First” president and foreign policy are just four
years away.
2. Long Covid19:In 2021, the lingering symptoms of COVID-19 will threaten not just lives but
political stability and the global economy. Countries around the world will struggle to meet
ambitious vaccination timelines, and the pandemic will leave a legacy of high debt, displaced
workers, growing inequality and lost trust. Will experience tightening liquidity conditions this
year. With inflation and borrowing costs rising,
3. Climate change : Net Zero Meets G-Zero :An arena of global competition. Across a range of
clean technologies, China’s longstanding industrial policy approach will face an
aggressive counteroffensive from Washington. Some parts of the clean energy supply chain
will experience bifurcation pressures like those seen in 5G. The push for net-zero emissions
targets will create enormous opportunities for private capital, especially the growing pool
of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) dollars and euros, but winners and losers will
be determined as often by political factors as by market forces.
4. U.S.-China Competition Broadens: U.S.-China relations will ease headline tensions, but U.S.
coordination of China competition together with allies, along with vaccine
diplomacy/nationalism and dueling climate tech strategies will combine with longstanding
frictions in other areas to further complicate their rivalry. Disagreements over trade, Hong
Kong. Taiwan, and the South China Sea will carry over into 2021. Collectively, these points of
dispute will boost the risk of miscalculation and escalation toward crisis.
5. Global Data Reckoning:A slowdown to the free flow of sensitive data across borders will raise
costs for companies and disrupt popular apps and internet business models. This risk begins
with the US and China, but doesn’t end there. Even as the data-driven 5G and AI revolutions
gain steam, other governments concerned about who is accessing their citizens’ data – and
how – will erode the foundation of the open global internet. Business models for innovative
tech sectors will suffer. App bans and other issues will hamper global cooperation on public
health and climate challenges.
6. Cyber Tipping Point: There’s no single factor that raises the risk ofa major disaster in
cyberspace in 2021. The digital realm, where any computer or smartphone can become an
entry point for hackers, and nation states and criminals act with relative impunity, is too
unpredictable for that. Instead, a combination of low-probability but high-impact risks and an
increased threat surface area amid the acceleration of digitalization will make 2021 the year
that cyber conflictcreates unprecedented technological and geopolitical risk in cyberspace.
7. Cold Turkey, EU:Economic setbacks in 2021 and Turkey’s poor COVID-19 response will leave
Page: 3Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
President Erdogan struggling to win back voters disillusioned with his two-decade
rule. Turkey-Pakistan-China dynamicswill stoke social tensions, prompt a crackdown against
the opposition, and encourage Erdogan to launch more foreign-policy adventures to fuel
nationalism and distract his supporters.
8. Middle East – Low Oil Takes a Toll:Energy-producing countries in the Middle East and North
Africa faced a collapse in global energy demand in 2020 that left governments from Algeria to
Iran with less cash flowing into their coffers—even as the pandemic sickened citizens and
weakened economies. 2021 will be worse, with energy prices remaining low. Many of
these governments will cut spending, damaging vulnerable private sectors and fuelling
unemployment. Reforms will slow, and protests will grow.
9. Europe after Merkel: Europe faces an economic hangover from intensified lockdown
restrictions in several countries, threaten Europe’s fragile recovery, and create the conditions
for European populism to awaken from its hibernation. Without Merkel to serve as a strong
negotiator, diplomatic efforts to resolve energy and territorial disputes in the Eastern
Mediterranean will also struggle.The E.U. position will become more hawkish as France
pushes more member states to get tough with Turkey, raising tensions.
10. Latin America Disappoints: Latin America is the region of the world most negatively impacted
by coronavirus. Governments in Latin America face intensified versions of the formidable
political, social, and economic problems they were confronting before the pandemic. Political
and economic pressures will intensify as Argentina and Mexico hold legislative elections in
2021, and voters in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru vote for president.
IS Setting policy right?
1. Biden had early on in life learnt from political philosophy that the rise of a more
workable political and public humanism depends singularly on Arendt’s “free spectators of
action” who determine the meaning of action and its public relevance that saves humans from
the abyss of a miserable existence.
2. Totalitarianism and the nature of the human condition in times of crises, Mr. Biden is the right
choice for President who hopefully, has the vision for an exceptionally progressive change.
3. To change in “Quiet and Dangerous Way U.S. Politics Becoming Europeanized”
Way forward:
1. Our goal is to create a safe and engaging place for users to connect over interests and
passions. In order to improve our community experience, we are temporarily suspending
article commenting.
2. A powerful foundation of inspiration to the people’s movements fighting against totalitarian
lying and the infringement of basic human rights, and self-government.
3. Hanging on to the myth of U.S. exceptionalism obscures important lessons that can be learned
Page: 4Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
from the Old World.
2) Do we have a grip on disinformation in 2021?
CONTEXT:
1. Disinformation, or “fake news”, is a malaise that has been worsened by the info emic of the
social media age.
2. What is the state of disinformation as we have entered a new year?
3. These four Ps of power, profit, profound public disagreement and platforms will continue to
drive disinformation in 2021.
Who’s behind the fake news?
These four Ps of power, profit, profound public disagreement and platforms will continue to drive
disinformation in 2021.
1. Fake news keep increasing because political parties have found out that if you put out
organised disinformation, then any political narrative can be controlled.
2. At the same time, even though India has a federal structure, the parties which have been
targeted are not doing anything about it.
3. They are not introducing any educational reform sothat people can be more aware. So, what
we are going to see is just a lot more disinformation that is rudimentary, but with a lot of
people consuming it day in and day out, and forming their political opinion.
4. Business houses, news channel, social media and individual for its own fevers. Profit, TRP,
and money.
How is Fake News Spread?
1. Bots, People like You, Trolls, and Microtargeting.
2. To be most effective, fake news needs to be spread through social media to reach receptive
audiences.
3. we explore how bots and flesh-and-blood peoplespread fake news; how cookies are used to
track people's visit to websites, create personality profiles, and show them fake news content
that they are most receptive to.
4. Primarily old videos and images used to represent something in the present, especially if they
have an element of violence or are highly politicised.
Example :
Page: 5Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
1. We saw massive spikes of disinformation on the anti-Citizenship (Amendment) Act protests,
elections.
2.The Delhi riots of 2020, and the pandemic. In all of these issues, the kind of disinformation
which was perpetrated was pretty simple, and not that difficult to debunk.
3. It’s just the organised manner in which it was produced every single day — multiple false
claims using photos, images and text.
Laws and Regulation to Curb Fake News in India:
There is no specific law against fake news in India. Free publication of news flows from Article
19 of the Constitution guaranteeing Freedom of Speech.
1. Press Council of India:It is a regulatory body which can warn, admonish or censure
the newspaper, the news agency, the editor or the journalist or disapprove the conduct of
the editor or the journalist if it finds that a newspaper or a news agency has violated journalistic
ethics.
2. News Broadcasters Association: It represents the private television news and current affairs
broadcasters. The self-regulatory body probes complaints against electronic media.
3. Civil or Criminal Case for Defamation: It is another resort against fake news for individuals and
groups hurt by the fake news. IPC Section 499(defamation) and Section 500 (whoever
defames another shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to
two years, or with fine, or with both) provide for a defamation suit.
4. Indian Broadcast Foundation:It looks into the complaints against contents aired by channels.
5. Broadcasting Content Complaint Council:It admits complaints against TV broadcasters for
objectionable TV content and fake news.
6. Indian Penal Code: Section 153(wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot)
and Section 295 (injuring or defiling a place of worship with intent to insult the religion of any
class) can be invoked to guard against fake news.
7. Information Technology Act 2000: According to the Section 66of the act, if any person,
dishonestly or fraudulently, does any act referred to in Section 43 (damage to computer,
computer system), shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to
three years or with fine which may extend to five lakh rupees or with both.
How and what extent it effect Indian democracy :
1. Faith in Media: People’s faith in social, print and electronic media reduces which could affect
the benefits of these Media as well the spirit of democracy as media being the fouth estate of
democracy.
2. Society: It can disturb the social fabric of the society and tensions among communities persists
for long times
Page: 6Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
3. Economic: As communal tendencies emerge in politics due to the spread of fake news
economic development has taken back seat
4. Political:loyalist politics or tall promises to something akin to psychological warfare.
5. International: Deep fakes are used by countries to target other countries and bring chaos or
desired political changes
6. Economic: As communal tendencies emerge in politics due to the spread of fake news
economic development has taken back seat.
Other:
Challenges in controlling the fake news:
1. No standard definition.
2. Lack of regulation
3. Difficult to achieve balance.(Art 19)
4. Tracking fake new on social media.
5. Monitor of individual. Vs Right to privacy.
6. lack of cyber security system.
Conclusion:
1. Fake news has existed since the dawn of the printing press but in the age of the internet and
social media, it has found a tremendous application. Manipulation of algorithms of social media
and search engines is a global trend now.
2. Fake news has existed since the dawn of the printing press but in the age of the internet and
social media, it has found a tremendous application. Manipulation of algorithms of social media
and search engines is a global trend now.
3. The government is planning to conduct more public-education initiatives to make the
population more aware of fake news.
Page: 7Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
3) Rallying at the seat of power
CONTEXT:
1. Location,The seat of power has always been a platform for protest.
2. Protest is a legitimate part of democracy, and when protestors fight to overturn a government
action, or even to demand elections to overturn a government, they only strengthen that
democracy.
The seat of power?
1. Where the executive legislative infrastructure lie ie, ‘Boat Club’ on Rajpath, just a few hundred
metres from Parliament, North and South Block, and Rashtrapati Bhavan.
2. Could be used by protesters of all political colours and hues. Protest marchers would begin at
the Boat Club and walk to Gol Methi Chowk, just next to the Prime Minister’s residence. India
Gate up to Vijay Chowk for a the Mandal anti-reservation agitation of 1990.
3. it was the anti-corruption movement of 2011 and the protests against the gang-rape of a young
woman in Delhi in 2012 that saw crowds overrun parts of “Lutyens’ Delhi”, as the area
surrounding Parliament is known.
Why seat of power chosen by protester?
1. Maximum impact could be used by protesters of all political colours and hues.
2. This is the possibility of this location of protest being misused by vested interests to topple an
elected government.
3. Gain media attention and political mileage of national and international.
Do movements and protests in a country strengthen democracy?
1. Yes : to some extent movements and protests in country strengthen democracy to have mixed
reactions both for and against:
Arguments in favour Arguments in against
Anti-arrack movement, Chipko movement, NBA etc.,
Collective actions, rallies, strikes, disrupt the functioning
rectified some problems to be seen as integral part of
of a democracy and create a delay in decision making
democratic politics
These movements ensured participation and
Routine functioning of democracy did not have enough
representation from diverse groups to reduce
space for the voices of these social groups.
possibility of deep social conflicts in democracy.
These movements broadened the idea of participation It is possible to ignore demand of these movements with
in Indian democrac i. e., Anti-arrack movement and the presentation to be represented by one section of
Dalit Panthers. society only.
Page: 8Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
Political parties and NGO seem to be taking up issues Political parties do not seem to be taking up issues of
of larger social groups marginal social groups.
The relationship between popular movements and
The relationship between popular movements and
political parties has grown weaker over the years
political parties may gain the citizen
creating a vacuum in politics
Conclusion:
1. Protest is a legitimate part of democracy, and when protestors fight to overturn a government
action, or even to demand elections to overturn a government, they only strengthen that
democracy.
2. It is those that seek to overturn democracy as a system itself that are the worry: like the mobs
on Capitol Hill who bore loyalty to one man over the democratic process, or those we have
seen bringing authoritarian movements to power by overrunning democratically elected
governments in different parts of the world. They do democracy its greatest disservice.
Page: 9Best IAS Coaching in Bangalore Daily News Articles/Editorials 08th January 2021
Shiksha IAS https://iasshiksha.com/daily-news-article/daily-news-articles-editorials-08th-january-2021/
There are no comments yet.
Page: 10You can also read
