Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor - The macroeconomic landscape for 2021

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Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor - The macroeconomic landscape for 2021
Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor
The macroeconomic landscape for 2021
16th edition, 29 January 2021
Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor - The macroeconomic landscape for 2021
Coronavirus outbreak
While vaccine programmes are starting to be rolled out, the impact of the second wave continues to
manifest itself globally
 •    While rollouts of vaccine programmes provide hope, COVID-                               7-day rolling average new daily confirmed COVID-19 cases for selected countries (000s)
      19 is continuing its spread across the world, and the second
                                                                                                      US and India                United Kingdom and France       Denmark and Sweden
      wave has had large impacts in Europe and the United States.
      The number of confirmed cases has reached 100 million
      worldwide, and about 2.2m people have lost their lives.

                                                                             # Daily cases
 •    The high infection rates have again resulted in more stringent
      lockdown conditions across European nations, and for some
      countries curfews have been put in place.
 •    In Denmark, the number of new daily confirmed cases
      increased heavily in the weeks up until Christmas, resulting in
      heavier restrictions. Since then, new cases have fallen in
      magnitude, but 611 people are currently hospitalised.
 •    Sweden’s method of fewer regulations has unfortunately
      proven to be insufficient in dealing with infection rate and                              7-day rolling average new daily confirmed COVID-19 deaths for selected countries
      death rate compared to its Nordic peers, and new restrictions
                                                                                                      US and India                  United Kingdom and France     Denmark and Sweden
      have been introduced.
 •    In the United States, the second wave has likewise had large
      impacts, but the latest figures indicate a modest decrease,
      while in India, the wave seems to have peaked around
      October 2020.
                                                                             # Daily deaths

 •    Both France and the United Kingdom have experienced high
      rises in daily confirmed cases. A sad milestone was reached
      with 100,000 deaths with the virus in the United Kingdom,
      and daily numbers continue to be severe. In France, a
      nationwide curfew has been in place since December 2020,
      but tightened further in January 2021 to cope with the
      increasing infection rate.

Sources: World Health Organisation (WHO), the Danish Health Authority (Sundhedsstyrelsen), Our World in Data, Worldometers, BBC
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                      Page 2                                                            Deloitte Economics © 2021
Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor - The macroeconomic landscape for 2021
Impact on financial markets
Technology shares continue to increase in value, while Transportation and Energy stocks still
struggle to reach levels from beginning of 2020
                                                                                                                                                  Equity markets: Sectoral indices in Europe1
 •      In the past year, European equity markets have shown some
        sector divergence.                                                                                                                               Major outbreak in Europe
 •      While European Transportation and Energy stocks had a                                                      140                                                                                                                132
        positive outlook in November and December 2020, both
                                                                                                                   120

                                                                                             (2 Jan 2020 = 100)
        industries have been decreasing in value in the past weeks. Due

                                                                                              Sectoral indices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     107
        to an increase at the beginning of the month, Energy shares are                                            100                                                                                                                 94
        however still up by 4% this year, while Transportation stocks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      79
        have decreased by 4%. Both indices have struggled during the                                                80                                                                                                                      78
        COVID-19 crisis and are down by around 20% since the
        beginning of last year.                                                                                     60

 •      The Financial sector continues to be slightly below levels from                                             40
        the past year.                                                                                              301Dec
                                                                                                                       jan   1 feb   1 mar    1 apr   1 maj      1 jun   1 jul    1 aug    1 sep     1 okt   1 nov   1 dec   1 jan     1 feb
                                                                                                                     2019
 •      Technology stocks continue to increase in value, with a return                                                        Transport        Energy         Medical & Pharmaceuticals              Financial       Technology
        of around 32% since January 2020.
                                                                                                                                             OMX C25 Index, median quarterly net income, DKKm2
 •      Likewise, Medical & Pharmaceutical stocks have had a positive
        return and are up by 8% on early January 2020. The                                                 1,400
        introduction of vaccines has likewise had a positive impact on                                     1,200
        the industry, which has experienced an increase in 2021 alone.
                                                                                    Quarterly net income

                                                                                                           1,000

 •      The lower right-hand chart shows the development in quarterly                                             800

        net income results of OMX C25 Index constituents.                                                         600
                                                                                                                  400
 •      Following the sharp drop in Q1 2020, net income results for
                                                                                                                  200
        both Q2 and Q3 2020 indicate that Denmark’s largest
                                                                                                                   0
        companies have made a swift recovery. However, with the
        introduction of heavier restrictions during Q4, expectations for                                    (200)
                                                                                                               Q1 2019A       Q2 2019A       Q3 2019A     Q4 2019A        Q1 2020A        Q2 2020A      Q3 2020 A    Q4 2020E        Q1 2021E
        results for Q4 and Q1 2021 are pointing to a decrease.
                                                                                                                                               75th percentile           Median            25th percentile

Note:     1) Refinitiv European sectoral price indices measured by Refinitiv (Thomson Reuters), 2) A = Actuals; E = Expected.
Sources: Thomson Reuters Eikon and S&P Capital IQ
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                                             Page 3                                                                                  Deloitte Economics © 2021
Deloitte Economics: Coronavirus Impact Monitor - The macroeconomic landscape for 2021
Denmark’s vaccine rollout forecast
Denmark is rolling out its version of the vaccine to target groups

                                                                                                                                                 Vaccinations per 100 people
 •    The Danish vaccination numbers have steadily risen, with                          Vaccinations per 100 people
                                                                                                                                                     (selected countries)
      outlook positive to cover off the most vulnerable portions of        48%                                                         8%
      the population.                                                                                                         Israel

 •    The selection of vaccines for the most                               44%
      vulnerable includes: those over the age of 65, those with                                                                        7%                                           US

      compounding illnesses, and others who could face                     40%
      complications from infection, and those in the healthcare
      sector.                                                              36%                                                         6%
 •    Everyone in Denmark, excluding children and pregnant women,
      have been identified as possible recipients for the vaccine, and     32%
      this should enable a fast route to majority immunisation.                                                                        5%
                                                                           28%
 •    We will likely witness lumpy vaccination profiles, as the centres                                                                                                             Iceland
                                                                                                                              UAE
      for immunisation will structure their vaccines according to
      personal profile and availability of the resources.                  24%                                                         4%
                                                                                                                                                                                    Denmark
 •    Internationally, the various vaccines have been able to receive a
                                                                           20%
      strong push, particularly in the United States. This comes as a
                                                                                                                                       3%
      contrast to the historically high level of infections, and ideally
                                                                           16%
      will lead to a quicker level of herd and overall immunity for
                                                                                                                              UK                                                    Germany
      most strains of the infection.
                                                                           12%                                                         2%
 •    It will be interesting to see the economic recovery and how                                                                                                                   Sweden

      much it tracks with the levels of vaccination. Lockdowns are
                                                                           8%
      ongoing in most advanced economies to some degree,
                                                                                                                                       1%                                           China
      and once the critical mass of vaccinations are given will
      ideally be reflected in personal freedoms, opening of the            4%

      economy, and opportunities to resume private and business                                                                                                                      India
      trips.                                                               0%                                                     0%
                                                                             14.12. 21.12. 28.12. 04.01. 11.01. 18.01. 25.01. 01.02. 14.12. 21.12. 28.12. 04.01. 11.01. 18.01. 25.01. 01.02.

Source:   Our World in Data
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                           Page 4                                                                       Deloitte Economics © 2021
Danish macro factors going into 2021
Current macroeconomic variables for Denmark

 •    As it stands, the debt GDP ratio for Denmark is still extremely                                      General government gross debt (percentage of GDP)
      positive and well in line with COVID expectations, rising less
                                                                                       160
      proportionally than Europe and the United States.
                                                                                       140
 •    On 20 January 2021, the 0.00 per cent bullet loan 2031 will be                   120
      opened. The new bond will replace the 0.50 per cent bullet loan                  100
      2029 as key on-the-run issue. The 0.50 per cent bullet loan                      80
      2029 will continue as 10-year benchmark until further notice.
                                                                                       60
 •    A new two-year bond with maturity in 2024 will also be opened                    40
      in the first half of the year. Target for sales of domestic T-bills is           20
      DKK 60bn, and the outstanding amount of commercial papers                         0
      will be reduced in 2021, as the temporary COVID-19 measures
      are phased out.
 •    Through a number of agreements with the government parties,                                                   Denmark         United States        Europe

      the government has secured a saline injection into the Danish
      economy of around DKK 135bn. In 2020 alone, the                                                           Nationalbanken borrowing forecast 2021
      government's economic policy secured 79,000 more Danes in
      jobs.1                                                                   Borrowing requirement                  DKKbn            Strategy for financing               DKKbn
 •    Net financing in Denmark has been budgeted to balance on a               Net financing requirement                       12      Sale of government t bonds                   125
      large sale of government bonds and treasury bills, with the
      remainder stemming from the government account. This credit-             Social housing                                  19      Sale of T-bills                              60
      heavy policy could be perceived as savvy in terms of taking
                                                                               Redemption bonds etc.                           62      Government account                           62
      advantage of very safe credit ratings in all-time low bond yield
      environments, lowering the total costs of outstanding                    Redemption T-bills                              85
      government debt. If interest rates increase in future, current
      Danish debt will be considerably more economically beneficial            Redemption commercial papers                    70
      for the state.
                                                                               Total                                          247      Total                                        247

         Nationalbanken, FM
         https://www.nationalbanken.dk/en/governmentdebt/publications/Documents/ANALYSE_No%2030_Central%20government%20borrowing%20strategy%202021.pdf
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                             Page 5                                                                     Deloitte Economics © 2021
Interest rates – unprecedented monetary policies
Risks of liquidity traps, bond market depression

                                                                                               Euro area yield curves
 •    The current worries for those looking at the numbers are that
      central bank interest rates in Denmark are negative (-.60) and
      that inflation is slated to be just 0.9%.
 •    This issue is compounded by a turbulent international export
      market and COVID-19 consumer changes.
 •    Yields from AAA bonds across Europe are at an all-time low,
      with 30-year bonds yielding just -0.12.
 •    For the first time, in 60 per cent of the global economy,
      including 97 per cent of advanced economies, central banks
      have pushed policy interest rates below 1 per cent. In one fifth
      of the world, they are negative.
 •    A traditional response to ineffective monetary policy is fiscal
      policy measures – current COVID measures inhibit tax and
      revenue increases, and the majority of funding will be
      borrowed by the Danish government.
                                                                                         Danish foreign exchange reserves
 •    As Denmark has a fixed exchange rate policy with the euro,
      Denmark is inflexible should market conditions deteriorate
      and capital flows move to extremes.                                800

 •    However, Denmark remains solid in its exchange reserve             600
      balance and would be capable of managing 2007 recession-
      like conditions, if needed.1                                       400

                                                                         200

                                                                           0
                                                                                  2007                      2015                          2021

Note: Yield taken across 30-year securities
Sources: 1) ECB, Deloitte Economics
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                             Page 6                                             Deloitte Economics © 2021
Danish economic forces
Current inflation and steady public sector employment are forecast to maintain stability for
Denmark over the next period of uncertainty
                                                                                                           Public sector employment in Denmark, per quarter
 •      The resurgence of the Danish economy will be muted in
        comparison to other regions, but the initial drop was also less                                                  2019Q3            2019Q4       2020Q1          2020Q2          2020Q3
        severe.                                                            General government                                  720,969        719,262      719,520         720,578         722,215

 •      Danish public sector employment is still a huge employer           1. General public services                             61,271       60,902          61,731        62,086         62,289
        relative to most first world countries, employing about 30% of     2. Defence                                             23,387       23,511          23,739        24,052         24,317
        the total workforce, which is nearly double the EU average and     3. Public order and safety                             26,421       26,508          26,442        26,252         26,220
        puts Denmark as one of the highest in Europe.                      4. Economic affairs                                    23,449       23,412          23,660        23,621         23,646
 •      This large strain on the tax system and national budget requires   5. Environmental protection                             4,207        4,383           4,366           4,477        4,446
        extensive planning through a demand shock like COVID-19 and        6. Housing and community amenities                      2,504        2,519           2,547           2,760        2,716
        could have ramifications for contract workers and those who
                                                                           7. Health                                           184,607        184,451      184,584         185,330         186,212
        are underemployed (working less than sufficient hours).
                                                                           8. Recreation, culture and religion                    25,387       25,324          25,311        24,407         25,018
 •      In general, most advanced economies rely much less on public
                                                                           9. Education                                        136,128        134,878      134,276         133,359         132,763
        sector employment and have different elasticity to employment
        numbers, whilst also affecting the salary taxation base.           10. Social protection                               233,606        233,373      232,862         234,233         234,586

 •      Current Danish growth in unemployment is forecast to be
        alleviated going into 2022, and ideally there will be sufficient
                                                                                                                 Danish forecast of economic factors
        fiscal flexibility from the Danish government to circumvent
                                                                           Indicators                                                2019               2020             2021             2022
        economic aftershocks.
                                                                           GDP growth (%, yoy)                                                2.8              -3.9              3.5              2.4
 •      The current account surplus remains a very strong positive
        variable for Denmark, but it did suffer in the fallout of the      Inflation (%, yoy)                                                 0.7               0.3              1.1              1.3
        COVID-19 crisis. This has been padded by increased                 Unemployment (%)                                                   5.0               6.1              5.8              5.5
        indebtedness by the state, which stepped in to bolster the
                                                                           Public budget balance (% of GDP)                                   3.8              -4.2             -2.5             -1.9
        economy during the brief recessionary period.
                                                                           Gross public debt (% of GDP)                                      33.3              45.0             41.1             40.9

                                                                           Current account balance (% of GDP)                                 8.9               6.7              6.8              7.2

Note:     1) Total government based employment as per StatDK
Source:   Statistics Denmark
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                            Page 7                                                                          Deloitte Economics © 2021
American economic policy under a new regime
Current Biden administration policy is indicating economic trends in renewables, climate and wages

                                   Forecast GDP growth sentiment (%)                                                            Forecasted US unemployment sentiment (%)

        4                                                                                                    10

                                                                                                             8
        3

                                                                                                             6

        2
                                                                                                             4

        1                                                                                                    2

                                                                                                             0
        0                                                                                                         Q1 2021   Q2 2021   Q3 2021   Q4 2021   Q1 2022   Q2 2022    Q3 2022   Q4 2022
             Q1 2021     Q2 2021     Q3 2021     Q4 2021    Q1 2022        Q2 2022    Q3 2022   Q4 2022
                                                                                                                                  Median          Mean         Min            Max
                                    Median           Mean           Min              Max

 •      We can expect that there will be a sharp increase in investments into the renewables and green infrastructure sectors.
 •      A national test and trace programme is to provide free testing for all and hire 100,000 people to set up a national contact tracing programme.
 •      Mr Biden's broader economic policies, dubbed his "Build Back Better" plan, aim to please two constituencies that traditionally support democrats – young people and
        blue-collar workers, and include attempts to raise minimum wage
 •      The USA will re-join global climate accord and act more quickly on curbing emissions by re-joining the Paris Climate Accord.
 •      The Biden administration picks for SEC and Treasury are meaningful:
        ─    Gensler to ramp up investor protections and company disclosures on the environment, diversity and worker pay, whilst being market savvy after a career at Goldman
             Sachs.
        ─    Yellen on fiscal policy, she has argued both sides of the coin, advising against stimulus spending when deemed unnecessary shortly before Obama’s term ended, and
             now for it in response to the pandemic.
Note:       1) Sentiment taken from worlds top 30 financial institutions
Sources: Reuters, US.GOV, Statistics Denmark
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                        Page 8                                                                Deloitte Economics © 2021
Coronavirus heatmap
Deloitte Economics’ view on the short-term outlook across selected sectors in Denmark

 Consumer
 • Hospitality suffers, but electronics and consumer goods are near normal or                                                       Denmark
    above pre-corona.                                                                           Sector
 Energy & Resources                                                                                                Short term                      Outlook
 • Coronavirus continues to depress electricity prices, while coal and gas are at
    pre-crisis levels. Ongoing green energy transition in place.
 Financial Services                                                                           Consumer         Neutral/Low impact             Moderate recovery
 • Valuation recovery stagnates, and the sector contemplates long-term
    changes and long-term depressed interest rates.
 Industrials                                                                           Energy & Resources       Moderate impact                 Slow recovery
 • Overall positive manufacturing outlook, with localised productivity and
    positive trends into Q1 and beyond.
 Life Science & Health Care (LSHC)                                                      Financial Services        High impact                 Moderate recovery
 • Medical & Pharmaceuticals stocks have been performing well and are well
     above pre-outbreak levels. Less uplift from the vaccine than expected.
                                                                                              Industrials       Moderate impact               Moderate recovery
 Real Estate
 • Overall positive outlook of moderate recovery, which is supported by
    record-low interest rates.                                                         Life Science & Health
                                                                                                               Neutral/Low impact         Growth opportunities
 Technology, Media & Telco (TMT)                                                                Care
 • TMT sectors continue their strong growth, as the world has migrated more
    of its entertainment and work online, in addition to 5G rollout.
                                                                                              Real Estate       Moderate impact               Moderate recovery
 Transport
 • The transport market is in recovery following the opening of several
    markets.                                                                                  Technology,
                                                                                                               Neutral/Low impact         Growth opportunities
                                                                                             Media & Telco
 Please note that variations in industries may occur. We refer to pages 12-14
 for an in-depth coverage of developments in selected industries.
                                                                                              Transport         Moderate impact                 Slow recovery

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                        Page 9                                                     Deloitte Economics © 2021
Key messages
Increased consumer sentiment for retail, vaccine hope and American election certainty

 •    COVID-19 is continuing its spread across the world with more than 100 million confirmed cases, and about 2.2 million people have lost their lives.
 •    With the second wave manifesting its impact, many European countries have introduced heavier restrictions.
 •    The American administration under Biden has commenced, with the predicted appeals to the international peers on climate and green energy cooperation. Domestic
      policy continues to be centred on COVID-19 fallout and vaccine assistance, as well as alleviation of financial distress.
 •    Macroeconomic factors in Denmark continue to perform well, especially in consideration to the other Nordic and European peers.
 •    The Danish government’s budgeting proposals remain sensible and in line with expected fiscal uplift to ride out the remainder of COVID-19 impacts.
 •    GDP expectations show that consumer confidence continues to be short term negative and worrying, with a lack of improvement from the restrictions still in place during
      this extended second wave. This may overflow to other impacted sectors, but the supply side has in general been well managed, with most economic impacts remaining
      on the demand side, as they are inhibited by lockdown policies.
 •    Danish exports remain decently strong but rely heavily on the solvency and performance of neighbours and will not be sufficient to perform in an autarky state should
      other EU members not be able to manage the COVID-19 crisis in financial terms.
 •    It remains to be seen how management of the virus will affect the efforts for economic recovery and how the impact and rollout of a vaccine will influence the level of
      aggression in solving this economic crisis across 2021.

 •    Deloitte Economics will continue monitoring the impact of the coronavirus in Denmark and globally. Find our updates here

                                                                 For questions on the contents of this report, please contact:

                      Majbritt Skov                                                     Tinus Bang Christensen                                 Peter Lildholdt
                      Partner, Head of Deloitte Economics                               Partner                                                Vice President
                                                                                             Mobile: +45 30 93 44 63
                            Mobile: +45 30 93 54 71                                                                                                 Mobile: +45 40 35 25 36
                                                                                            tbchristensen@deloitte.dk
                            maskov@deloitte.dk                                                                                                      plildholdt@deloitte.dk

Disclaimer: The information in this document is intended for knowledge sharing only.

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                Page 10                                                         Deloitte Economics © 2021
Industry outlook

                   Consumer                    Page 12

                   Industrial                  Page 13

                   TMT                         Page 14

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021   Page 11   Deloitte Economics © 2021
Consumer           Industrials         TMT

                      Industry outlook: Consumer
                      Consumer indexes have increased significantly and retail multiples near pre-corona level

                                                                                              Highlights from the industry (as of 27 January 2021)

                                                                                                   Based on top 10 companies
                      120.0                                                                                                                  Deloitte State of the Consumer Tracker
                                                                                                                               114.2
                      110.0                                                                                                    113.0
                                                                                                                                         Consumers’ intention to spend more during the next four weeks
Indexed share price

                      100.0
                                                                                                                                       Clothing/                                                  Household                      Restaurant/
                                                                                                                                                    Electronics   Furnishings        Groceries                      Medicine
                                                                                                                                91.2   footwear                                                     goods                          takeout
                       90.0
                                                                                                                                87.5

                       80.0

                       70.0                                                                                                             -15%         -10%           -18%              22%          16%               11%             -8%

                       60.0
                        27 Jan 20        27 Mar 20       27 May 20         27 Jul 20      27 Sep 20        27 Nov 20    27 Jan 21        Consumers’ intended purchase channel
                                                     1                     2                   3
                                            Retail           Hospitality               Consumer            MSCI World
                                                                                                                                         57%           52%              64%                                                          61%
                                                                                                                                                                                       82%             78%            70%
                         Retail index has moved from index 115.8 to 113.0 (since last update).                                           13%           15%
                                                                                                                                                                               11%                                             12%   19%
                                                                                                                                         30%           35%                                             9%     13%
                         Hospitality index has moved from index 93.0 to 87.5 (since last update).                                                                       25%           9% 8%                           18%            20%

                         Consumer index has moved from index 95.0 to 91.2 (since last update).
                                                                                                                                                             In store         Online - Pickedup        Online - Delivered

                                                                                                      Trading multiples and economic outlook
                                              Index: MSCI World Retailing Index (top 10 companies)                                           Latest consumer confidence index4 (as of November 2020) has decreased to
                                         Historical averages                        Coronavirus impact
                                          (EV/FY0 EBITDA)                            (EV/FY0 EBITDA)                                         98.0, illustrating a minor negative development, and thus still indicating a
                                                                                                   -1.0x                                     somewhat doubtful attitude towards the future economic development.

                               12.6x            14.0x          14.2x                       17.0x           16.0x                       101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       98.0
                                                                                                                                        98
                                                                                                                                        95
                                                                                                                                         Nov-06      Nov-08       Nov-10        Nov-12        Nov-14        Nov-16     Nov-18        Nov-20
                              10y avg.         5y avg.        3y avg.                   Jan 1, 2020        Current
                                                                                                                                                                   Consumer confidence index (OECD-Europe)

                      Note:     1) MSCI World Retailing Index; 2) MSCI World Consumer Services Index; 3) MSCI Consumer Staples Index; 4) Based on OECD – Europe region
                      Sources: Capital IQ; MSCI; European Parliament; Deloitte State of the Consumer Tracker
                      Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                        Page 12                                                                              Deloitte Economics © 2021
Consumer          Industrials        TMT

Industry outlook: Industrials
Despite COVID mutations and political disturbances the industrial sectors keep expanding

 Stock market has kept momentum recent months boosted by COVID vaccines                                  Eurozone factory output increased for a seventh consecutive month
                                                                      Indexed share price as of:
250
                                                                         27 Jan      26 Nov                                      January                 59.1        The greatest signs of resilience
                                                                                                                                December               57.1          amid the ongoing pandemic
200                                                                      204.5         163.3
                                                                                                                                November               56.7          continued to be evident in the
                                                                         122.1         115.3                                                                         manufacturing industry which
                                                                                                                  US            October              53.4
150                                                                      115.9         109.0                                                                         yet again reported PMI
                                                                                                                               September             53.2
                                                                                                                                                                     number well-above 50
                                                                         99.4          100.0                                    August               53.1
                                                                                                                                                                     indicating the sector keeps
100                                                                                                                              July               50.9             expanding

 50                                                                                                                                                                  Expansion was driven by
 1 jan 20 1 mar 20 1 maj 20 1 jul 20    1 sep 20 1 nov 20 1 jan 21                                                              January               54.7           sustained growth of new
                                                                                                                               December               55.2           orders, exports and backlogs
          Industrials      Materials    Automotive       MSCI World                                                            November              53.6            of work
                                                                                                            Eurozone            October               54.8
      Financial markets have the prior months been devoted to the aftermath of the                                             September             53.7
      presidential election as well as the COVID mutations and vaccine roll-out plans                                           August              51.7
                                                                                                                                                                 IHS Markit Manufacturing PMI:
                                                                                                                                                                 Index =50:           No change
      Automotive index is primarily driven in by the surge in the Tesla share which is up                                        July               51.8         Index 50:           Expansion

                                                                                       Trading multiples1

                 MSCI World Industrials Index                                      MSCI World Materials Index                                      MSCI World Automotive Index

          Historical averages            Coronavirus impact                 Historical averages          Coronavirus impact                 Historical averages                Coronavirus impact
             (EV/EBITDA)                    (EV/EBITDA)                        (EV/EBITDA)                  (EV/EBITDA)                        (EV/EBITDA)                        (EV/EBITDA)
                                                 +4.0x                                                          +1.9x                                                                  +0.5x

                13.9x       13.7x                    17.8x                        12.2x      12.4x                     13.7x              9.7x     10.0x        10.5x            11.1x       11.6x
      12.0x                                  13.8x                      10.7x                             11.8x

  10y avg.     5y avg.     3y avg.       Jan 1, 20 Current             10y avg.   5y avg.   3y avg.      Jan 1, 20 Current              10y avg.   5y avg.      3y avg.        Jan 1, 20 Current

   Since last update (26 November 2020) the                            Since last update (26 November 2020) the                         Since last update (26 November 2020) the
   EV/EBITDA multiple is up from 14.4x to 17.8x                        EV/EBITDA multiple is up from 13.4x to 13.7x                     EV/EBITDA multiple is up from 11.3x to 11.6x

Note:     1) Data as of 27 November 2021
Source:   Capital IQ; MSCI World Indices; IHS Markit; Bloomberg
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                   Page 13                                                                      Deloitte Economics © 2021
Consumer           Industrials            TMT

Industry outlook: TMT
TMT sectors have shown relative resilient to COVID-19, as the world has gone digital

                                                                             Highlights from the industry (as of 27 Jan 2021)

130                                                                                                                 TMT perceived as a defensive sector, which has less to lose from COVID-19
                                                                                                  124
120                                                                                               117
                                                                                                  116
                                                                                                                  Telecom: Spend among consumers is often within a contract; demand is up; need
110                                                                                               114
                                                                                                                  is not discretionary (new cars) or constrained (leisure).
100
 90                                                                                                               Media and Entertainment: Financial impact varies across sub-sectors. Media
 80                                                                                                               consumption up (e.g., Netflix, Disney+), but willingness/ability to pay may be
 70                                                                                                               constrained, as economic outlook exacerbates. Events (consumer, business)
 60                                                                                                               mostly heavily restricted; cinemas, theatres, museums mostly closed. TV and
  1 Jan 20                                                                              27 Jan 21                 movie production mostly halted. Theme parks mostly closed.
       Information Technology1         Communication Services1      Media and Entertainment1        MSCI World
                                                                                                                  Technology: Some segments (e.g., robotics, communication software) seeing
      TMT companies are trading above the overall equity market.                                                  record demand; digital transformation being accelerated; companies catering to
                                                                                                                  SMEs may suffer from customer liquidity.
      Media and Entertainment quickly recovered after the shockwave on the stock market. As
      people stay home, the entertainment market is making records.2

                                                                                 Trading multiples and economic outlook
                                   Index: MSCI World Information Technology1                                      Gartner expects the global IT spending in 2020 to decline with ~3% but rebound
              Historical averages (EV/EBITDA)                    Coronavirus impact (EV/EBITDA)                   with a grow rate of ~6% in 2021
                                                                             +5.8x
                                                                                                                  Strong demand for supporting remote working and online education resulted in a
                          26,1x             28,0x                                    33,8x                        brighter outlook for segments such as PCs and tablets
          20,9x                                                      28,0x
                                                                                                                  Meanwhile, boards of directors and CEOs brought forward spending to accelerate
                                                                                                                  digital transformation efforts in 2020 and beyond
        10y avg.         5y avg.           3y avg.               Jan 1, 2020         Current

Note:      1) MSCI World industry indices used (top 10 companies for sector indices), 01-01-2020 = index 100; 2) In EMEA and some Asian countries, physical games sales are up by 63%.
Source:    S&P Capial IQ, Gartner (4Q20 Update)
Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                                            Page 14                                                              Deloitte Economics © 2021
Industry outlook: Deloitte contacts
How Deloitte can help you
                                                                                      Consumer                       Energy & Resources
 •    Please use the contact details opposite to get in touch with our
      Financial Advisory industry group leaders and find out how we can          Mads Damborg                        Troels Ellemose Lorentzen
      assist you.                                                                Partner                             Partner
 •    We are well-positioned to assist in a range of tasks, such as those
                                                                                 Email: madsdamborg@deloitte.dk      Email: tlorentzen@deloitte.dk
      below.
                                                                                 Mobile: +45 30 93 54 81             Mobile: +45 30 93 56 90

                              Focus areas                                        Financial Services               Life Science & Health Care

                                                                                 Björn Lagerstam                     Mads Damborg
                           State aid packages
                                                                                 Partner                             Partner

                                                                                 Email: blagerstam@Deloitte.dk       Email: madsdamborg@deloitte.dk
                      Liquidity scenario analysis
                                                                                 Mobile: +45 30 93 48 30             Mobile: +45 30 93 54 81

                 Debt covenant advice and financing                         Government & Public Services                       TMT

                                                                                 Rikke Beckmann Danielsen            Kasper Svold Maagaard
                   Business restructuring and M&A                                Partner                             Partner

                                                                                 Email: rdanielsen@deloitte.dk       Email: kmaagaard@deloitte.dk
                Bankable business plan development                               Mobile: +45 30 93 56 92             Mobile: +45 30 93 54 54

           Stakeholder management and process control                                 Industrials                        Real Estate

                                                                                 Niels Stoustrup                     Mads Skaarup
                          Impact assessment                                      Partner                             Partner

                                                                                 Email: nstoustrup@deloitte.dk       Email: maskaarup@deloitte.dk
                Economic modelling and forecasting                               Mobile: +45 30 93 59 15             Mobile: +45 61 67 90 50

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                Page 15                                              Deloitte Economics © 2021
Appendices

                        Deloitte Government Response Portal             Page 17

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                  Page 16             Deloitte Economics © 2021
Deloitte Government Response Portal
Database of financial, tax, business and social measures announced by governments globally

 •    To aid our clients in navigating the complex landscape of COVID-19 assistance programmes, we have developed a free digital portal that captures the latest financial, tax,
      business and social measures enacted by country.

                                                                           Access the portal!

Coronavirus Impact Monitor – 29 January 2021                                          Page 17                                                               Deloitte Economics © 2021
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