ON PENS AND NEEDLES- A PRIMER ON INSULIN PENS AND PROPER INJECTION TECHNIQUES
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ON PENS AND NEEDLES –
A PRIMER ON INSULIN PENS AND PROPER INJECTION TECHNIQUES
PETE KRECKEL, RPH
ON PENS AND NEEDLES - A PRIMER ON INSULIN PENS AND PROPER INJECTION TECHNIQUES
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION ACCREDITATION
Insulin therapy remains a cornerstone of treatment PHARMACY
for type 1 diabetes and, in many cases, type 2 PharmCon, Inc. is accredited by the
diabetes. Very few doubt the efficacy of insulin Accreditation Council for Pharmacy
therapy in the fight to achieve glycemic control and Education as a provider of continuing
reduce the risks of long term diabetes complication. pharmacy education.
Nevertheless, insulin therapy remains underutilized in
the US with less than 35% of adults with diabetes NURSING
using insulin. Barriers to use are not limited to but PharmCon, Inc. is approved by the California Board of
include fear of needles, cost, and improper injection Registered Nursing (Provider Number CEP 13649) and
techniques. Levels of patient and provider the Florida Board of Nursing (Provider Number 50-
satisfaction are higher with pen administration than 3515). Activities approved by the CA BRN and the FL
with vial and syringe. Insulin pens have been found BN are accepted by most State Boards of Nursing.
to be easier to use, more discreet, less painful and
preferred over syringes by most providers and CE hours provided by PharmCon, Inc. meet the ANCC criteria
patients. Insulin pens have many safety and for formally approved continuing education hours. The ACPE
convenience features including enhanced dose is listed by the AANP as an acceptable, accredited continuing
education organization for applicants seeking renewal
accuracy and autocover/autoshield pen needles. The
through continuing education credit. For additional
pharmacist's role in educating and counseling
information, please visit
patients with diabetes on the appropriate use of http://www.nursecredentialing.org/RenewalRequirements.aspx
insulin pens and needles can be critical in patient
understanding, treatment satisfaction and quality of Universal Activity No.: 0798-0000-15-004-H01-P&T
life of diabetes sufferers. Credits: 1.0 contact hour (0.1 CEU)
TARGET AUDIENCE Release Date: April 1, 2015
The target audience for this activity is pharmacists Expiration Date: April 1, 2016
and pharmacy technicians in hospital, community,
and retail pharmacy settings. ACTIVITY TYPE
Knowledge-Based Home Study Webcast
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After completing this activity, the pharmacist will be FINANCIAL SUPPORT BY
able to:
Becton Dickinson
Review the goals of insulin therapy in patients
with diabetes.
Compare and contrast the currently available
insulin pens and needles (to include efficacy, ease
of use, length of needles, and safety features).
Identify strategies to educate and counsel
patients on the appropriate injection techniques
for insulin pens.
After completing this activity, the pharmacy
technicians will be able to:
List goals of insulin therapy in patients with
diabetes
List different insulin pens and needles
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
"Professor Pete" Kreckel is a practicing retail pharmacist
who works in Altoona Pennsylvania. Both he and his
wife, Denise are 1981 graduates of the University of
Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy. He has worked Pete Kreckel, RPh
independent retail pharmacy for over 30 years. He has
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Saint Francis University
been teaching Pharmacology in the Physician Assistant
program at St. Francis University since 2005. He has
been a regular PharmCon favorite since 2008 covering FACULTY DISCLOSURE
topics of primary interest to the retail pharmacist. He It is the policy of PharmCon, Inc. to require the
was inducted into Pi Alpha the Physician Assistant disclosure of the existence of any significant financial
honorary fraternity, and was named as "Preceptor of interest or any other relationship a faculty member or
the Year" by the Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association a sponsor has with the manufacturer of any
for his dedicated work to the education of pharmacy commercial product(s) and/or service(s) discussed in
students from Duquesne University, and from his Alma an educational activity. Pete Kreckel reports no
mater the University of Pittsburgh. Professor Kreckel actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to
was recently named the 2014 Preceptor of the Year by this activity.
the NCPA!
Peer review of the material in this CE activity was
conducted to assess and resolve potential conflict of
interest. Reviewers unanimously found that the
activity is fair balanced and lacks commercial bias.
Please Note: PharmCon, Inc. does not view the existence of
relationships as an implication of bias or that the value of
the material is decreased. The content of the activity was
planned to be balanced and objective. Occasionally,
authors may express opinions that represent their own
viewpoint. Participants have an implied responsibility to use
the newly acquired information to enhance patient
outcomes and their own professional development. The
information presented in this activity is not meant to serve
as a guideline for patient or pharmacy management.
Conclusions drawn by participants should be derived from
objective analysis of scientific data presented from this
monograph and other unrelated sources.
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ACTIVITY TEST
1. By what percentage do the DPP$ inhibitors lower HbA1c?
A. 0.5-1%
B. 2%
C. 3%
D. 5%
2. In a healthy adult patient, by what percent do beta cells fail?
A. .1% in 10 years
B. 3% in 10 years
C. 15% in 10 years
D. 40% in 10 years
3. In a patient with type 2 diabetes, by what percent do beta cells fail?
A. 3% in 10 years
B. 8% in 10 years
C. 15% in 10 years
D. 40% in 10 years
4. Which of the following hormones are produced in the alpha cells of the pancreas?
A. Incretin
B. Adiponectin
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
5. Which of the following insulins have a duration of activity of 24 hours?
A. Glargine
B. NPH
C. Glulisine
D. Aspart
156. Which of the following fasting plasma glucose levels is considered to be “impaired fasting
glucose” by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists?
A. 103
B. 118
C. 165
D. 208
7. What is the maximum length of time may an insulin aspart (Novolog®) pen be left out of
the refrigerator after first use?
A. 14 days
B. 21 days
C. 28 days
D. they must always be refrigerated
8. What needle length is optimal for a pen needle to deliver insulin in the subcutaneous tissue
without pinching the skin?
A. 2mm
B. 4mm
C. 8mm
D. 12mm
9. When counseling a patient on insulin pens with a 4mm needle, which of the following is
CORRECT?
A. Pinch skin and insert needles
B. Inject insulin at a 45 degree angle so as not to penetrate muscle
C. Hold needle in the skin while counting to ten
D. Wipe needle tip with alcohol and reuse to save costs
10. Which of the following is FALSE with regard to sharps disposal?
A. All states require use of commercially sold sharps container for home disposal
B. Container should be puncture resistant
C. Container must be able to stand on its own
D. Do not recap or break needles before discarding
Please submit your final responses on freeCE.com. Thank you.
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