Presentation to COPUOS STSC 2021 Session - Integrating Indigenous knowledge and Earth Observation based Solutions For Building Disaster Resilience ...
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Presentation to COPUOS
STSC 2021 Session
Integrating Indigenous knowledge and
Earth Observation based Solutions
For Building Disaster Resilience
Milind Pimprikar (CANEUS)
Shirish Rawan (UNOOSA)
Myrna Cunningham (FILAC) ,
VIENNA | APRIL 26th, 2021
Outline
• Need for the Initiative: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge (IK) with EO
Technologies.
• What is Indigenous Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR): Evolution from UN GP-
DRR 2017, 2019.
• Relevance of EO and Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR).
• Potential Integration Strategies and Framework.
• Challenges of Incorporating indigenous knowledge.
• Opportunities moving forward.
02
Need for the Initiative: Pressing Issues
The Indigenous communities around the world are some of the most vulnerable populations to
and possibly the least able to combat the negative impacts of climate change (e.g. location,
land quality characteristics...)
They are disproportionately vulnerable to environment and climate change because many of
them depend on ecosystems that are particularly prone to the effects of extreme weather
events such as floods, droughts, heatwaves, wildfires, and cyclones.
03
What is Indigenous Knowledge –IK for DRR
Indigenous communities hold time-tested knowledge and coping practices developed
through their intimate connection with their natural surroundings that make them resilient
to climate-related natural hazards and disasters.
Indigenous knowledge, “includes an understanding of the relationships between
Indigenous societies and nature, which have been tested by time and proven to be
sustainable and successful in limiting the effects of hazards”.
Credit: Personal communication and input from Prof. Simon Lambert, Indigenous Studies at the
University of Saskatchewan
04
IK for DRR: Assessments from UN GPDRR 2017 & 2019
Recommendations from 2017 UN Global Platform on DRR in Cancun, Mexico and UN GP
DRR 2019 in Geneva:
Traditional indigenous knowledge, values
and culture are, in themselves, important
risk reduction tools and should be
incorporated into national and
international DRR strategies.
Recognize and make better use of
indigenous perspectives and knowledge by
incorporating these in UNDRR planning
and programs.
05
❖ The DRR community observed that the use
of EO-based solutions are not only
relevant to indigenous communities that
Lessons are vulnerable due to climate extremes but
they must be used in coordination with the
local knowledge.
Learned
during
COVID-19
❖ EO technologies provided great service
Pandemic during the disaster that overlaps with Covid-
19 pandemic by narrowing down to the
possible affected places and generate
precise damage maps to assist local
authorities in establishing evacuation
plans.
10
Relevance of EO And Eco-DRR
01. 02. 03.
While EO based tools Ecosystem-based Although indigenous
and solutions helps disaster risk reduction communities have in-depth
expand the knowledge for (Eco-DRR) is the knowledge of the
Indigenous communities, sustainable management, ecosystems they inhabit,
Indigenous knowledges conservation, and the current scenario due
also complements the restoration of ecosystems to climate change and
EO technologies. to reduce disaster risk, with systemic risks calls for
the aim to achieve complementing to their
sustainable and resilient knowledge based on
development. scientific understanding
of ecosystems
06
Relevance of EO and Eco-DRR ❖ Example of Forest conversion outlook to 2036 under two scenarios in Indonesian New Guinea: Credit: Adapted from David L.A. Gaveau, et a;, bioRxiv, 2021, Forest loss in Indonesian New Guinea: trends, drivers, and outlook 07
Potential Integration Framework for IK and EO Solutions
Local knowledge system
Composed of Influenced by In context of Resulting in Based on With effects on
KNOWLEDGE TYPES OBRSERVATION
• Technical knowledge • Nature and history of natural hazards
• Ecological knowledge • Evolution of people's social and LIVELIHOOD SECURITY/
• Historical knowledge NATURAL HAZARDS physical vulnerabilities to natural
AND OTHER SHOCKS SUSTAINABILITY
• Others hazards • Income level and stability
STRUCTURES • Floods
• Levels of • Earthquakes • Food security
PRACTICES ANTICIPATION
government - Private • Landslides • Environment
• Individual, household • Forecasting and warning systems
sector • Others • Others
and community • Time thresholds
levels • Others • Escape routes and safe places for
DISASTER
• Technical and non- GLOBAL FACTORS PREPAREDNESS AT humans and cattle
technical AND TRENDS THE LOCAL LEVEL • Roles, skills and key actors COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
PROCESSES
• Short and long term • Wars, conflicts BUILDING
• Culture
• Others • Climate change • Sharing
• Institutions ADAPTATION
• Institutional, • Learning
• Policy • Human assets • Financial assets
BELIEFS, VALUES, economic and • Networking
• Laws • Socio-cultural • Natural assets
WORLD VIEWS cultural • Diversifying
• Others assets • Physical assets
• Socio-cultural, globalization • Re-organizing
religious-belief • Migrations COMMUNICATION • Self-organizing
systems Population • Stories, songs, • Local art • Others
• Respect, reciprocity, • Others poems, proverbs. • Local
sharing, humility • Taboos, terminology
• Others ceremonies. • Others
Credit: Personal communication and input from Ms. Jessica Mercer, DRR Adviser for CAFOD 08
Potential Integration Strategies for IK with EO Solutions
STEP 1: STEP 2: STEP 3: STEP 4:
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT IDENTIFICATION OF IDENTIFICATION OF INDIGENOUS INTEGRATED STRATEGY
VULNERABILITY FACTORS AND SCIENTIFIC STRATEGIES
Community engagement: Identification of intrinsic and Indigenous strategies: Scientific strategies: Integrated strategy:
• Collaboration with extrinsic components • Past and present • Past and present • Addressing intrinsic
community and contributing to hazard • Examples may • Examples may components to hazards
stakeholders vulnerability. Identified include: land use include: land use • Dependent on
• Identification of through: planning, building planning, building effectiveness level of each
community goals • Community situation methods, food methods, food strategy identified
• Establishing a rapport and analysis strategies, social strategies, social
trust • Identification of priorities linkages, and linkages, and
environmental environmental
strategies strategics
Reduced vulnerability
09Challenges for Incorporating IK in EO Solutions
01. 02. 03. 04.
There is a need to Efforts are needed to Need to improve Need to strengthen
draw up baselines of derive simplified dialogue and technical capacity of
the disasters that have knowledge products cooperation among indigenous
affected Indigenous that are outcome of EO and Indigenous communities to
Peoples starting from research to create communities, other consolidate existing
2015 to 2020 and the baselines and targets relevant stakeholders, knowledge that may be
EO based tools and for Indigenous and policymakers to useful to assess
solutions to further communities. facilitate their interface disaster risks,
attempt to compare in effective use of EO vulnerabilities, and
them with the disasters products in DRR exposure to all hazards.
that may occur in decision making.
2025 and 2030.
11Opportunities for Incorporating IK in EO Solutions
❖ 1. Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on Nature-based Solutions for Disaster and
Climate Resilience (PEDRR and UNEP)
2. A dedicated multi-year funded
program for integrating EO and
Indigenous Knowledge, as part of
the efforts towards implementing the
Sendai Stakeholder Engagement
Mechanism (SEM) work plan.
❖ 3. Prioritize DRR capacity development in local languages
12Opportunities for Incorporating IK in EO Solutions
❖ 4. Formulate consortium representing EO, disaster management and Indigenous
communities to prepare and strengthen their work with climate and DRR for the timely
implementation of Sendai Framework.
13Opportunities for Incorporating IK in EO Solutions
5. Empower Indigenous 6. Address issues
youths to use EO 7. Define and implement
related to Indigenous key role of women in
technologies driven DRR community in the Space
solutions with engagement the transfer of
Solutions knowledge, especially
through the institutions such as Compendium being
Indigenous Intercultural through the
developed by UNOOSA. Space4Women initiative
University to address the
challenges with accelerated of UNOOSA.
technological inequalities.
14Acknowledgement
❖ This presentation is based on the Paper by CANEUS, FILAC and UNOOSA
for the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2022 –
GAR2022.
❖ The study was benefitted by initiatives and programmes led by Ms
Simonetta Di Pippo, Director UN Office for Outer Space Affairs that
includes Access to Space for All, Space4Women, UN-SPIDER, Space
Solutions Compendium and conferences promoting space for sustainable
development.
15••• THANK YOU •••
Milind.Pimprikar@caneus.org | 1-514-664-3079
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