RAINFOREST ALLIANCE EXCEPTIONAL USE POLICY - Granted exceptions and their conditions for using Rainforest Alliance Prohibited Pesticides
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RAINFOREST ALLIANCE EXCEPTIONAL USE POLICY Granted exceptions and their conditions for using Rainforest Alliance Prohibited Pesticides Version 1 © 2021 Rainforest Alliance. All rights reserved.
The Rainforest Alliance is creating a more sustainable world by using social and market forces to
protect nature and improve the lives of farmers and forest communities.
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please refer to the official English version for clarification. Any discrepancies or differences in
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contact info@ra.org
Document Name: Document Code: Version:
Rainforest Alliance Exceptional Use Policy:
Granted exceptions and their conditions
SA-P-SD-9-V1 1
for using Rainforest Alliance Prohibited
Pesticides
Date of first Date of revision: Valid From: Expires by:
publication:
June 30, 2021 - June 30, 2021 Until further notice
Developed by: Approved by:
Director of Standards and Assurance
Standards Development
Linked to:
SA-S-SD-1-V1.1 Rainforest Alliance 2020 Sustainable Agriculture Standard, Farm
requirements
SA-S-SD-8-V1.2 Annex S7 Pesticides Management
Replaces:
RA-P-SP-7-V2.4 Policy Exceptional Use of FAO/WHO highly hazardous pesticides
until June 30, 2020
Applicable to:
Farm certificate holders
Country/Region:
All
Crop: Type of Certification:
All crops in the scope of the Rainforest Farm certification
Alliance certification system; please see
Certification Rules.
This policy document is binding. This means that it must be adhered to; therefore, this
policy supersedes any related rules or requirements contained in the documents listed in
the section “linked to” and/or “replaces” for those party or parties as indicated in the
"applicable to" section.
Any use of this content including reproduction, modification, distribution or republication,
without the prior written consent of Rainforest Alliance is strictly prohibited.
2
SA-P-SD-9-V1Contents
1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4
2. General Conditions ........................................................................................................................ 4
3. Granted exceptions and their conditions ................................................................................... 6
3.1. Fertilizers ................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2. Rodenticides ........................................................................................................................... 7
3.3. Nematicides ............................................................................................................................ 9
3.4. Insecticides/Acaricides ....................................................................................................... 11
3.5. Fumigants for storage pest control .................................................................................... 15
3.6. Fungicides ............................................................................................................................. 17
3.7. Herbicides .............................................................................................................................. 19
4. Transition period ............................................................................................................................ 21
3
SA-P-SD-9-V11. INTRODUCTION
A sound understanding of local conditions, combined with solid Integrated Pest Management
(IPM) activities, leads to more resilient agro-ecosystems, long lasting pest control, and ultimately
to a cleaner environment and healthier people.
However, despite efforts to increase environmental sustainability over the years, some intensive
agriculture models are still dependent on Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs). The objective of
this policy, alongside the 2020 Rainforest Alliance Sustainable Agriculture Standard requirements,
is to support producers in their journey to phasing out the use of HHPs. The Exceptional Use Policy
grants limited exceptions for the use of certain agrochemical compounds contained in the
Rainforest Alliance list of prohibited pesticides in specific scenarios where no alternatives to HHPs
are available. Exceptions are granted with requirements that producers mitigate and
compensate the negative impacts on people and the environment of using such pesticides. The
exceptions are granted for a specific crop, pest, and country combination and for a specific
period of time.
This policy was developed through an extensive and thorough context specific, and technical
analysis of the use of HHPs. The analysis was carried out by the Rainforest Alliance IPM team and
an external panel made up of scientists and technical experts with extensive knowledge of
sustainable production and global expertise in the Rainforest Alliance key agricultural sectors.
In line with our vision and strategy, we will not grant exceptions to paraquat, fipronil or active
ingredients listed in the prohibited list with Rotterdam Convention, Stockholm Convention or
Montreal Protocol classification.
Updates of the Exceptional Use Policy
The EUP is built upon the requests to use pesticides that are included in the Prohibited List of
pesticides (Annex S7). Those requests are processed and analyzed considering the specific crop
and country context, including pest relevance, other non-chemical control methods availability
and efficacy, and registered alternatives for the specific crop in the country. Final decisions are
made by a majority vote of the internal IPM team and an external panel of experts.
Regular updates of the policy are conducted every six months, considering the requests
received during the previous semester; e.g.:
• Version1 is developed from January to June 2021 and includes received requests from
July 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2020. This version will be published by June 2021.
• Version1.1 is developed from July to December 2021 and includes received requests
from January 1st, 2021 to June 30th, 2021. This version will be published by December 2021.
For more information about the Rainforest Alliance approach to Integrated Pest Management
and Pesticide use please visit our Website
2. GENERAL CONDITIONS
a. Failing to comply with any of the conditions or requirements in this policy will be considered
as a non-conformity against core requirement 4.6.2 of the 2020 Sustainable Agriculture
Standard.
b. Exceptions are granted for the specific crop, pest, and country combination only, and for
the defined timeframe, as specified in the Granted Exceptions section tables.
c. Commercial formulations of the active ingredients listed in this policy can only be used if
they are registered in the country for the specific crop and targeted pest combination.
d. Certified operations must follow the label, Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS), and security
tag information and requirements for preparing and applying the pesticides listed in this
policy.
e. Certified operations using active ingredients listed in this policy comply with the respective
IPM and agrochemicals management requirements, with special focus on:
4
SA-P-SD-9-V1• Pest prevention and monitoring (requirements 4.5.1 and 4.5.2),
• Use of non-chemical control methods (requirement 4.5.3),
• Training and use of PPE (requirement 4.6.3),
• Restricted entry and pre-harvest intervals implementation (requirement 4.6.5),
• Spray drift reduction (4.6.6),
• Aerial application requirements (requirement 4.6.7),
• Empty pesticide containers and application equipment management (4.6.9),
• Agrochemicals storage (4.6.11 and 4.6.12).
f. Active ingredients listed in this policy are rotated with lower toxicity substances as part of the
rotation for resistance management.
g. Certified operations using active ingredients listed in this policy select the optimum pesticide
application equipment and techniques to maximize effectiveness, limit losses, and reduce
spray drift. If a liquid spray is in use, the correct nozzle type is employed. The equipment is
calibrated at least annually, after each maintenance and before using it for a different type
of agrochemical.
h. Producers take measures to respect the maximum residue levels (MRLs) set by the
production country and known destination countries of the product.
i. Workers who regularly handle the active ingredients listed in this policy receive a medical
examination at least once a year. In case of regular exposure to organophosphates or
carbamate pesticides1, the examination includes cholinesterase testing. Workers have
access to the results of their medical examination (requirement 5.6.16).
j. In the case of smallholders, spraying is carried out by centralized, specialized spraying
teams.
k. The use of commercial products combining two active ingredients listed in this policy with
different biocidal action is prohibited (referring to the pesticide type; e.g. fungicides and
insecticides combined in one commercial product), as pests and diseases normally do not
come up at the same time.
l. Certified operations that use active ingredients listed in this policy need to submit their usage
data2 to the Rainforest Alliance twice per year. This is done with this template that is
completed and sent to the IPM@ra.org email within two months after the end of the
semester .
1
These substances have been identified in the tables with an asterisk (*)
2
Information is packaged from Jan 1st to June 30th and from July 1st to Dec 31st
5
SA-P-SD-9-V13. GRANTED EXCEPTIONS AND THEIR CONDITIONS
3.1. Fertilizers
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following fertilizers only if the conditions, as included in table 1, are fully complied with.
Table 1. Granted exceptions for prohibited fertilizers
Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management requirements in
section 3.1.1 are fully implemented.
Borax 1303-96-4 Chronic toxicity Not applicable All crops All countries June 30, 2024 -Fertilizer applications are only permitted
in soils with demonstrated boron
deficiency.
- Risk management requirements in
section 3.1.1 are fully implemented.
Boric Acid 10043-35-3 Chronic toxicity Not applicable All crops All countries June 30, 2024 -Fertilizer applications are only permitted
in soils with demonstrated boron
deficiency.
3.1.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute and chronic toxicity:
a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas.
b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing3 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory
protection (i.e. a respirator) are worn.
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies.
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day.
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented.
3
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)3.2. Rodenticides
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following rodenticides only if the conditions, as included in table 2, are fully complied with.
Table 2. Granted exceptions for prohibited rodenticides
Toxicity Exception
Active Ingredient CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Classification expiration date
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp., - Only formulated
Brodifacoum 56073-10-0 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024 rodenticide-baited traps
sp., Sigmodon spp.) are allowed. Use is limited
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp., to infrastructure only.
Bromadiolone 28772-56-7 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024 -Risk management
sp., Sigmodon spp.) requirements in section
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp., 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 are fully
Bromethalin 63333-35-7 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024 implemented.
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Chlorophacinone 3691-35-8 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Coumatetralyl 5836-29-3 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Difethialone 104653-34-1 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Diphacinone 82-66-6 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Flocoumafen 90035-08-8 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Strychnine 57-24-9 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Warfarin 81-81-2 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
Zinc phosphide 1314-84-7 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus All crops All countries June 30, 2024
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
7
SA-P-SD-9-V1Toxicity Exception
Active Ingredient CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Classification expiration date
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
-Use of pellet formulation is
Brodifacoum 56073-10-0 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024
allowed but limited to
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
production plots that have
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
fruit.
Bromadiolone 28772-56-7 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024
-Risk management
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
requirements in section
Rodents (Mus sp., Rattus spp.,
3.2.1 and 3.2.3 are fully
Flocoumafen 90035-08-8 Acute toxicity Oligoryzomys sp., Peromyscus Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024
implemented.
sp., Sigmodon spp.)
3.2.1. Risk management requirements for rodenticides:
a. Food sources attracting rodents and debris are eliminated
b. Rodent reproduction areas are eliminated or reduced
c. Drainages are well-maintained and functional for water run-off and avoid standing water
d. Rodenticides are only used if mechanical, bacteriological, or Vitamin D control methods have proven to be ineffective
e. Rodent carcasses are handled with gloves and buried in locations that do not pose risk to human or wildlife health, or water contamination
f. Trees or artificial structures are strategically placed on the farm to facilitate perching of raptor birds for rodent control 4
g. Plants with the potential to drive away rodents are planted in non-production areas (e.g., Petiveria alliacea, Allium sp., Cinnamomum
camphora, Viburnum sp., Euphorbia sp., Artemisia absinthium or Mentha spicata)
3.2.2. Additional requirements for baited traps:
a. Bait stations are tamper-resistant, anchored, and constructed in such a manner and size as to permit only the entrance of the targeted pests
b. Baited traps are inspected weekly
c. Baited traps are removed, or its quantity decreased if there is reduced rodent activity or no signs of rodent feeding
d. Baited traps are placed at a minimum distance of 10 m from aquatic ecosystems
3.2.3. Additional requirements for pellet formulations:
a. Only product formulations that cannot be confused as food by birds are used
b. Routine applications are prohibited
c. Access of bystanders is avoided by fencing or other effective security measures
d. Pellets are placed at a minimum distance of 10 m from aquatic ecosystems
4 Recommendation: Placement of nesting boxes for raptor birds to facilitate reproduction sites.
8
SA-P-SD-9-V13.3. Nematicides
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following nematicides only if the conditions, as included in table 3, are fully complied with.
Table 3. Granted exceptions for prohibited nematicides
Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.3.1 are fully
implemented.
-Spot application placing the
product precisely within the plant
Costa Rica
root zone is the only permitted
Honduras
Cadusafos* 95465-99-9 Acute Toxicity Nematodes (various) Banana June 30, 2024 application method.
Guatemala
-Only product formulations that
Ecuador
cannot be confused as food by
birds are used.
-Equipment for applying these
nematicides is calibrated on a
daily basis.
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.3.1 are fully
implemented.
-Spot application placing the
product precisely within the plant
Costa Rica
root zone is the only permitted
Honduras
Nematodes (various) Banana June 30, 2024 application method.
Guatemala
-Only product formulations that
Ecuador
cannot be confused as food by
Ethoprophos;
13194-48-4 Acute Toxicity birds are used.
Ethoprop*
-Equipment for applying these
nematicides is calibrated on a
daily basis.
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.3.1 are fully
Nematodes (various),
implemented.
Symphylan (Scutigerella Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024
-Only product formulations that
inmaculata)
cannot be confused as food by
birds are used.
9
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.3.1 are fully
Costa Rica implemented. -Only product
Fenamiphos* 22224-92-6 Acute Toxicity Nematodes (various) Pineapple June 30, 2024
Ivory Coast formulations that cannot be
confused as food by birds are
used.
Cameroon
Costa Rica
-Risk management requirements
Nematodes (various), Honduras
in section 3.3.1 are fully
Oxamyl* 23135-22-0 Acute Toxicity Banana weevil Banana Guatemala June 30, 2024
implemented.
(Cosmopolites sordidus) Ecuador
Ivory Coast
Philippines
-Risk management. requirements
Costa Rica
Oxamyl* 2-3135-22-0 Acute Toxicity Nematodes (various) Pineapple June 30, 2024 in section 3.3.1 are fully
Ivory Coast
implemented.
-Risk management. requirements
in section 3.3.1 are fully
Costa Rica
implemented.
Honduras
Nematodes (various), -Only product formulations that
Guatemala
Terbufos* 13071-79-9 Acute Toxicity Banana weevil Banana June 30, 2024 cannot be confused as food by
Ivory Coast
(Cosmopolites sordidus) birds are used.
Cameroon
-Equipment for applying these
Ecuador
nematicides is calibrated on a
daily basis.
3.3.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute & chronic toxicity:
a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas
b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not provide
details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory protection (i.e. a
respirator) are worn
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented
10
SA-P-SD-9-V13.4. Insecticides/Acaricides
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following insecticides/acaricide only if the conditions, as included in table 4, are fully complied with.
Table 4. Granted exceptions for prohibited insecticides/acaricide
Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
Mites (Oligonychus spp.,
Panonychus spp., Brevipalpus
-Risk management
chilensis, Tetranychus urticae, Chile
requirements in section
Polyphagotarsonemus Avocado Mexico June 30, 2024
3.4.1 are fully implemented.
latus, Aceria sheldoni, Bryobia Peru
rubrioculus), Thrips (Heliothrips
haemorrhoidalis, Frankliniella sp.
Nematodes (various), banana
Costa Rica
weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus), -Risk management
Ecuador
Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp., Banana June 30, 2024 requirements in section
Guatemala
FerrisIa sp., Dysmicoccus sp.), 3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Honduras
Mites (Tetranychus sp.)
Phytophagous mites
(Tetranychus urticae,
Acute
Abamectin5 71751-41-2 Oligonychus spp., Panonychus
toxicity
spp., Brevipalpus spp.,
Polyphagotarsonemus latus, -Risk management
Eriophyes spp., Aceria sheldoni, Citrus Brazil June 30, 2024 requirements in section
Bryobia rubrioculus, 3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Phyllocoptruta oleivora), Citrus
leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella),
Black tea thrips (Heliothrips
haemorrhoidalis)
Brazil
Leaf miner (Leucoptera
Colombia
coffeella), Mites (Tetranychus -Risk management
El Salvador
urticae, Oligonychus ilicis, Coffee June 30, 2024 requirements in section
Guatemala
Brevipalpus phoenicis), 3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Honduras
Nematodes (various)
Nicaragua
5
Recommendation: Depending on the formulation, combination of abamectin with horticultural/narrow oils increases effectiveness and reduce spray drift
11
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
Panama
Tanzania
Zambia
Mites (Tetranychus spp.),
Colombia -Risk management
Leafminer (Liriomyza spp.), Thrips Flowers and
Ecuador June 30, 2024 requirements in section
(Frankliniella spp., Thrips sp.), Ornamentals
Mexico 3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Nematodes (various)
-Risk management
Chronic All
Borax 1303-96-4 Leaf-cutting ants and termites All crops June 30, 2024 requirements in section
toxicity countries
3.4.1 are fully implemented.
-Risk management
Chronic All
Boric Acid 10043-35-3 Leaf-cutting ants and termites All crops June 30, 2024 requirements in section
toxicity countries
3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Colombia
-Risk management
Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp., Costa Rica
requirements in section
FerrisIa sp., Dysmicoccus sp.), Ecuador
Banana June 30, 2023 3.4.1 are fully implemented.
Aphids (Pentalonia sp.), Scarring Guatemala
-Use is permitted for
beetle (Colaspis sp.) Honduras
impregnated plastics only.
Philippines
-Risk management
Chronic
Chlorpyrifos* 2921-88-2 requirements in section
toxicity
3.4.1 are fully implemented.
-Application with closed
Symphylan (Scutigerella Costa Rica
Pineapple June 30, 2023 cabin tractor is the only
immaculata) Ivory Coast
permitted application
method.
-Use is permitted before
flowering only
-Risk management
requirements in section
Severe 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
effects Leaf cutting ants (Several -Application is restricted to
Fipronil 120068-37-3 Citrus Brazil June 30, 2023
(Pollinator species) solid baits in ant mounds or
risk) trails. The use of liquid
fipronil formulations is
prohibited.
12
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management
Thrips (Frankliniella spp., Thrips requirements in section
sp.), Leafminers (Liriomyza spp.), Flowers and 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
Costa Rica June 30, 2023
Copitarsia moths (Copitarsia Ornamentals -Use is permitted in closed
spp.) environments only, such as
greenhouses.
Cameroon
Costa Rica
Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp.,
Ecuador -Risk management
FerrisIa sp., Dysmicoccus sp.),
Banana Guatemala June 30, 2023 requirements in section
Aphids (Pentalonia sp.), Banana
Honduras 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus)
Ivory Coast
Philippines
-Risk management
Severe requirements in section
effects 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
Imidacloprid 138261-41-3
(Pollinator -Cultural pre- and post-
risk) harvest control methods
are implemented.
Coffee Berry Borer
Coffee Costa Rica June 30, 2023 -Flowering registry is carried
(Hypotenemus hampei)
out. Applications only
between 60 and 90 days
after flowering.
-The defined threshold level
is 4%.
-Spot application only.
Severe Nematodes (various), Banana Cameroon -Risk management
effects Weevils (Cosmopolites sordidus), Ecuador requirements in section
Thiamethoxam 153719-23-4 Banana June 30, 2023
(Pollinator Mealybugs (Pseudococcus sp., Guatemala 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
risk) FerrisIa sp., Dysmicoccus sp.) Honduras -Spot application only.
13
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management
requirements in section
3.4.2 are fully implemented.
-No more of 4 applications
per year are permitted.
-In Ghana, applications are
Cocoa caspid (Distantiella conducted from August
Ghana
theobroma), Mirids Cocoa June 30, 2023 until December.
Ivory Coast
(Sahlbergella singularis) - In Cote d'Ivoire,
applications are
conducted in July/August
(28 days interval) and
December/January (28
days interval).
-Spot application only.
-Risk management
requirements in section
Scales (Dysmicoccus brevipes, Brazil 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
Puto barberi), Mealybugs Colombia -For Coffee berry borer
(Pseudococcidae, Planococcus El Salvador specifically: cultural pre-
lilacinus, Pseudococcus spp., Guatemala and post-harvest control
Dysmicoccus sp., Neochavesia Honduras methods are implemented.
Coffee June 30, 2023
caldasiae), Coffee berry borer Nicaragua -Flowering registry is carried
(Hypothenemus hampei), Panama out. Applications only
Coffee Leaf Miner (Leucoptera Peru between 60 and 90 days
coffeella), Giant cicada Tanzania after flowering.
(Quesada gigas) Zambia -The defined threshold level
is 4%.
-Spot application only
-Risk management
Tea Mosquito bug (Helopeltis requirements in section
Tea India June 30, 2023
theivora) 3.4.2 are fully implemented.
-Spot application only.
3.4.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute & chronic toxicity:
a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas.
14
SA-P-SD-9-V1b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing6 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory
protection (i.e. a respirator) are worn.
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies.
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day.
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented.
3.4.2. General risk management requirements for substances with severe effects (pollinator toxicity):
a. Producers do not apply these substances on flowering crops and avoid drift to flowering weeds, or to cover crops that are attractive to
beneficial insects (natural enemies and pollinators).
b. Beneficial insects are monitored, and application time is defined based on monitoring results. Applications are avoided during high activity
hours. Substances are ideally applied in the late afternoon or night-time from 6 pm onwards during low activity times of pollinators.
c. If beehives are used for pollination, these are temporarily covered during the chemical application. Beehives are provided with a clean
water source outside the treated area.
d. Soil cover is maximized (cover crops, mulch, crop residues or similar) to reduce contact of these substances with the soil and leaching into
ground water.
e. Flowering strips of native vegetation are planted outside the farm or at the edges of the crop within the farm to provide food and shelter for
beneficial insects and promote a more stable agroecosystem.
3.5. Fumigants for storage pest control
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following fumigants for storage pest control only if the conditions, as included in table 5, are fully
complied with.
Table 5. Granted exceptions for prohibited fumigants
6
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)
15
SA-P-SD-9-V1Toxicity Exception
Active Ingredient CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Classification expiration date
-Risk management
Aluminum requirements in
phosphide 20859-73-8 section 3.5.1 are fully
Magnesium 12057-74-8 Fatal if inhaled Several Herbs and Spices All countries June 30, 2024 implemented.
phosphide 7803-51-2 -The use is permitted
Phosphine for post-harvest
processes only.
-Risk management
requirements in
Magnesium section 3.5.1 are fully
12057-74-8 Thrips (Frankliniella spp., Flowers and
phosphide Fatal if inhaled Colombia June 30, 2024 implemented.
7803-51-2 Thrips sp.) ornamentals
Phosphine -The use is permitted
for post-harvest
processes only.
3.5.1. Risk management requirements for fumigants:
a. The product is applied only in closed, controlled, and sealed environments with gas leak detectors (gas meters). These detectors may be
portable devices.
b. There is a buffer zone around the storages or containers where fumigation is conducted. The buffer zone can be accessed only by
authorized persons wearing protective equipment (e.g. gas masks). The dimensions of the buffer zone are between 3 and 150 meters
depending on the application rate, facility, and storage/container size. Gas meters are placed at several locations along the buffer zone
perimeter to control acceptable occupational exposure limits as well as fire protection. Parameters are check against the national
regulation or the following (whichever is more stringent):
i. If concentrations exceed 0.3 ppm, no presence of unprotected workers or bystanders is allowed, and the area is evacuated.
c. Nearby the area where fumigation is done and where the substances are stored, electricity is set up in a way phosphine gas cannot be
accidentally ignited and all sources of ignition are removed.
d. Fumigant handlers have completed mandatory annual training on product-specific training material, and facility-specific information.
Personnel working in the sites where the fumigation is conducted or the substances are stored, are trained on the use of and equipped with
specific fire-extinguishing equipment (sand, carbon dioxide powder) to extinguish the fire. The use of water for the purpose of extinguishing
fires is prohibited.
16
SA-P-SD-9-V1e. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing7 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and the following
respirators:
Concentration Required Equipment
3 ppm or less Supplied-air respirator
7.5 ppm or less Supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode
15 ppm or less
• Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece, or
• Supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece, or
• Air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas masks) with a chin-style front- or back-mounted canister
50 ppm or less
• Supplied-air respirator equipped with a full facepiece and operated in a pressure-demand mode, or
• Self-contained breathing apparatus equipped with a full facepiece and operated in a pressure-demand mode
Unknown Self–contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece
Source: US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommendations
3.6. Fungicides
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following fungicides only if the conditions, as included in table 6, are fully complied with.
Table 6. Granted exceptions for prohibited fungicides
Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.6.1 are fully
implemented.
Wilting (Fusarium sp.),
-Use is permitted before
Anthracnose
Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Chronic toxicity Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024 flowering only.
(Colletrotrichum
-Application with tractor (closed
gloeosporioides)
cabin) and spray boom is the
only permitted application
method.
Black Sigatoka -Risk management requirements
Colombia
Chlorothalonil 1897-45-6 Chronic toxicity (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), Banana June 30, 2024 in section 3.6.1 are fully
Costa Rica
Yellow Sigatoka implemented.
7
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)
17
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
(Mycosphaerella Ecuador
musicola), Banana Guatemala
Freckle (Phyllosticta Honduras
musarum) Philippines
Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia Brazil
vastatrix), Anthracnose Colombia
(Colletrotrichum spp.), Costa Rica
American Leaf Spot Dominican
-Risk management requirements
(Mycena Citricolor), Republic
Cyproconazole 94361-06-5 Chronic toxicity Coffee June 30, 2024 in section 3.6.1 are fully
Brown eye spot El Salvador
implemented.
(Cercospora coffeicola), Guatemala
Pink disease (Erythricium Honduras
salmonicolor), Thread Nicaragua
blight (Corticium spp.) Panama
Colombia
Black Sigatoka Costa Rica
(Mycosphaerella fijiensis), Ecuador -Risk management requirements
Yellow Sigatoka Banana Guatemala June 30, 2023 in section 3.6.1 are fully
(Micosphaerella Honduras implemented.
musicola) Ivory Coast
Philippines
Epoxiconazole 133855-98-8 Chronic toxicity
Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia
vastatrix), Anthracnose
(Colletrotrichum spp.), -Risk management requirements
Brazil
American Leaf Spot Coffee June 30, 2023 in section 3.6.1 are fully
Costa Rica
(Mycena Citricolor), implemented.
Brown eye spot
(Cercospora coffeicola)
-Risk management requirements
in section 3.6.1 are fully
Propiconazole 60207-90-1 Chronic toxicity Wilting (Fusarium sp.) Pineapple Costa Rica June 30, 2024 implemented.
-Use is permitted for seed
treatment only.
Black Sigatoka
Colombia
(Micosphaerella fijiensis), -Risk management requirements
Costa Rica
Triadimenol 55219-65-3 Chronic toxicity Yellow Sigatoka Banana June 30, 2024 in section 3.6.1 are fully
Ecuador
(Micosphaerella implemented.
Guatemala
musicola),
18
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity Exception
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Conditions
Ingredient Classification expiration date
Honduras
Philippines
3.6.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute & chronic toxicity:
a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas.
b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing8 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory
protection (i.e. a respirator) are worn.
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies.
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day.
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented.
3.7. Herbicides
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following herbicides only if the conditions, as included in table 7, are fully complied with.
Table 7. Exceptions for prohibited herbicides
Toxicity Conditions
Active CAS No. Pest Species Crop Country Expiration date
Ingredient Classification
-Risk management
Weeds (Amaranthus hybridus, Bidens
requirements in section 3.7.1
pilosa, Commelina benghalensis,
are fully implemented.
Flumioxazin 103361-09-7 Chronic toxicity Euphorbia heterophylla, Ipomoea Citrus Brazil June 30, 2024
-Use is permitted for the
grandifolia, Portulaca oleracea, Sida
specific indicated weeds
rhombifolia)
only.
3.7.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute & chronic toxicity:
8
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)
19
SA-P-SD-9-V1a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas.
b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing9 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory
protection (i.e. a respirator) are worn.
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies.
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day.
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented
9
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)
20
SA-P-SD-9-V14. TRANSITION PERIOD
To support certified producers shifting from the 2015 UTZ and 2017 Rainforest Alliance pesticides lists to the new 2020 Exceptional Use Policy (EUP),
a transition period will be in place for using or disposing of the existing stocks of the below listed substances. Section 2 – General conditions, also
apply to the authorizations granted as part of this transition period.
Rainforest Alliance authorizes the use of the following substances only if the conditions, as included in table 8, are fully complied with.
Table 8. Substances subject to a transition period
Active Toxicity
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Expiration date Conditions
Ingredient Classification
Avocado
Banana
Cherry
Citrus
Coffee
Phytophagous -Risk management
Flowers and
Abamectin 71751-41-2 Acute toxicity mites and All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
Ornamentals
insects 4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Grapes
Macadamia
Melon
Strawberry
Watermelon
-Risk management
Nematodes Coffee
Cadusafos 95465-99-9 Acute toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(various) Pineapple
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Banana
Coffee -Risk management
Carbendazim 10605-21-7 Chronic toxicity Fusarium sp. Flowers and All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
Ornamentals 4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Tea
Banana
Coffee
Flowers and
-Risk management
Ornamentals
Chlorothalonil 1897-45-6 Chronic toxicity Fungal diseases All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
Mango
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Melon
Potato
Rice
21
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Expiration date Conditions
Ingredient Classification
Watermelon
Banana
Coffee
-Risk management
Phytophagous Flowers and
Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 Chronic toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
insects Ornamentals
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Macadamia
Pineapple
Coffee
-Risk management
Flowers and
Cyproconazole 94361-06-5 Chronic toxicity Fungal diseases All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
Ornamentals
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Mango
Banana
-Risk management
Nematodes Flowers and
Fenamiphos 22224-92-6 Acute toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(various) ornamentals
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Pineapple
-Risk management
requirements in section
4.1.2 are fully implemented.
Severe effects Leaf-cutting ants -Application is restricted to
Fipronil 120068-37-3 All crops All countries June 30, 2022
(Pollinator risk) and termites solid baits in ant mounds or
trails. The use of liquid
fipronil formulations is
prohibited.
Thrips -Risk management
(Franklienella requirements in section
Severe effects occidentalis) Flowers and 4.1.2 are fully implemented.
Fipronil 120068-37-3 All countries June 30, 2022
(Pollinator risk) Aphids (Myzus Ornamentals -Use is permitted in closed
sp.), leaf worm environments only, such as
(Copitarsia sp) greenhouses.
Avocado
Banana
Citrus
-Risk management
Glufosinate- Coffee
77182-82-2 Chronic toxicity Weeds All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
ammonium Grapes
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Melon
Papaya
Squash
22
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Expiration date Conditions
Ingredient Classification
Tea
Watermelon
Avocado
Banana
Chili
Citrus
Cocoa
Coffee
Cumin
Flowers and
Ornamentals -Risk management
Severe effects Phytophagous
Imidacloprid Grapes All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(Pollinator risk) insects
Lettuce 4.1.2 are fully implemented.
Mango
Melon
Mustard
Papaya
Passion fruit
Pineapple
Squash
Watermelon
-Risk management
Flowers and
Iprodione 36734-19-7 Chronic toxicity Fungal diseases All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
ornamentals
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Banana
Onions
Garlic
Mint
-Risk management
Nematodes Flowers and
Oxamyl 23135-22-0 Acute toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(various) Ornamentals
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Melon
Watermelon
Grapes
Pineapple
Pineapple -Risk management
Propiconazol 60207-90-1 Chronic toxicity Fungal diseases Banana All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
Coffee 4.1.1 are fully implemented.
23
SA-P-SD-9-V1Active Toxicity
CAS No. Pest Species Crop Countries Expiration date Conditions
Ingredient Classification
Flowers and
Ornamentals
Melon
Avocado
Cherry
-Risk management
Phytophagous Citrus
Spirodiclofen 148477-71-8 Chronic toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
mites Flowers and
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Ornamentals
Grapes
-Risk management
Nematodes Banana
Terbufos 13071-79-9 Acute toxicity All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(various) Rice
4.1.1 are fully implemented.
Avocado
Banana
Chili
Citrus
Cocoa
Coffee
Cumin
Fennel
Fenugreek
-Risk management
Severe effects Phytophagous Flowers and
Thiamethoxam 153719-23-4 All countries June 30, 2022 requirements in section
(Pollinator risk) insects Ornamentals
4.1.2 are fully implemented.
Grapes
Mango
Melon
Papaya
Pineapple
Stevia
Tea
Tea
Watermelon
24
SA-P-SD-9-V14.1.1. Risk management requirements for substances with acute & chronic toxicity:
a. Women under 50 years old do not apply these pesticides and are not present or near the application areas.
b. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as prescribed in the product’s label or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). If labels do not
provide details of PPE for applicators, basic protective clothing10 with protection for eyes (i.e. a face mask or goggles) and respiratory
protection (i.e. a respirator) are worn.
c. Restricted Entry Intervals (REI) as stipulated in the product’s MSDS, label or security tag are implemented, for protecting persons entering
pesticide applied areas without PPE. When two or more products with different REIs are used at the same time, the longest interval applies.
d. Daily maximum application time for applicators is limited to eight hours, two shifts of four hours maximum each, with bathing in between
application periods to wash off residues, and clean PPE clothing for each shift. Application is conducted during the coolest hours of the day.
e. Potentially affected persons or communities are identified and alerted in advance of application. Explicit flags or signs are used to identify
treated fields, and access to treated fields is prevented.
4.1.2. General risk management requirements for substances with severe effects (pollinator toxicity):
a. Producers do not apply these substances on flowering crops and avoid drift to flowering weeds, or to cover crops that are attractive to
beneficial insects (natural enemies and pollinators).
b. Beneficial insects are monitored, and application time is defined based on monitoring results. Applications are avoided during high activity
hours. Substances are ideally applied in the late afternoon or night-time from 6 pm onwards during low activity times of pollinators.
c. If beehives are used for pollination, these are temporarily covered during the chemical application. Beehives are provided with a clean
water source outside the treated area.
d. Soil cover is maximized (cover crops, mulch, crop residues or similar) to reduce contact of these substances with the soil and leaching into
ground water.
e. Flowering strips of native vegetation are planted outside the farm or at the edges of the crop within the farm to provide food and shelter for
beneficial insects and promote a more stable agroecosystem.
10
Apparel and footwear for persons handling pesticides include coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, socks, and stout shoes, with chemically resistant
gloves, with protection for eyes (i.e., a face mask or goggles), and respiratory protection (i.e., a respirator). From Annex-1-Glossary.pdf (rainforest-alliance.org)
25
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