Satoyama 3 - Living in harmony with nature - Convention on Biological Diversity
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Living in harmony
with nature
Satoyama 3
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Satoyama 3
Table of Contents
Ahmed Djoghlaf
Executive Secretary, Convention on Biological Diversity........................ 2
Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General, United Nations.................................................. 3
Achim Steiner Sha Zukang
Under-Secretary-General, United Nations and Executive Director, United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Economic
United Nations Environment Programme.......................................... 3 and Social Affairs......................................................................20
Satsuki Eda Irina Bokova
Minister of the Environment, Japan................................................. 4 Director-General, United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization.. ................................................................21
Paul Kagame
President of the Republic of Rwanda............................................... 6 Dr. Joan Clos
Executive Director, UN-Habitat......................................................22
Benigno S. Aquino III
President of the Philippines .......................................................... 7 Brice Lalonde
Executive Coordinator, Secretariat for the United Nations
Felipe Calderón Hinojosa Conference on Sustainable Development.........................................24
Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos .................................... 9
Luc Gnacadja
José Manuel Barroso Executive Secretary, United Nations Convention to
President of the European Commission...........................................10 Combat Desertification...............................................................25
Janusz Zaleski Christiana Figueres
Undersecretary of State, Chief Nature Conservator, Ministry of the Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention
Environment, Poland..................................................................11 on Climate Change . ..................................................................26
Norbert Röttgen M S Swaminathan
Federal Environment Minister, Germany.. .........................................12 M S Swaminathan Research Foundation.. ........................................28
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet Kishore Rao
Ministre de l’Écologie, du Développement durable, des Transports Director, World Heritage Centre.....................................................33
et du Logement, France..............................................................13
Anada Tiéga
Henk Bleker Secretary General, Ramsar Convention on Wetlands...........................34
Minister for Agriculture and Foreign Trade, Netherlands.......................14
Charles McNeill
Dato Sri Douglas Uggah Embas Senior Policy Advisor, Environment and Energy Group, United
President of Seventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties..............15 Nations Development Programme.. ................................................35
Yoo Young-Sook Takashi Kawamura
Minister of Environment, Republic of Korea......................................17 Mayor of the City of Nagoya, Japan................................................36
Jasen Mesić Luciano Ducci
Minister of Culture, Republic of Croatia...........................................18 Mayor of Curitiba, Brazil .............................................................38
Monique Barbut Hélène Mandroux
CEO and Chairperson, Global Environment Facility . ...........................19 Le Maire de la Ville de Montpellier, France.. ......................................39
Satoyama 3 1
Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Convention on Biological Diversity
You cannot protect what
you don’t know
well-being. As a result, we continue to special efforts to reduce the pressures
lead lives marked by unsustainable faced by coral reefs.
consumption patterns that disregard the But governments also recognized
biodiversity upon which our prosperity is the importance of public awareness in
based. Because you cannot protect what ensuring that this vision comes to frui-
you don’t know and you cannot value tion. At the initiative of Japan and building
what you ignore, the worldwide celebra- on the tremendous success of the 2010
tion in 2010 of the International Year of International Year of Biodiversity, the UN
Biodiversity has been an outstanding General Assembly declared 2011-2020 the
success in addressing this gap. United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.
At the historic Nagoya Biodiversity The Decade is not only a vehicle to
Summit last October, world leaders took support the implementation of the 2011-
the first political steps towards a life in 2020 Strategic Plan for Biodiversity and
harmony with nature. They agreed to the the achievement of the Aichi Biodiversity
T
he third edition of the Global 2011-2020 Strategic Plan for Biodiversity Targets: it is a worldwide celebration of
Biodiversity Outlook 3 confirmed with its set of 20 headline targets, known everything we stand to lose by doing
that biodiversity continues to be as the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. nothing and everything we stand to gain
lost globally at rates so advanced that The Aichi Targets are organized under by changing our ways.
many ecosystems, including coral reefs, five strategic goals: addressing the under- Over the course of the Decade, biodi-
oceans and the Amazon, could enter a lying causes of biodiversity loss, reducing versity must be mainstreamed throughout
self-perpetuating spiral of degradation the pressures on biodiversity, safeguard- government and all sectors of society
and quickly become much less rich and ing biodiversity at all levels, enhancing through communication, education and
diverse. the benefits provided by biodiversity, and awareness-raising, appropriate incentive
Despite the warning signs of this providing for capacity-building. Among measures, and institutional change. By
potentially irreversible change, far too the targets, governments have agreed to 2020, citizens and governments without
many people across the world remain at least halve and, where feasible, bring exception should be firmly committed to
unaware of the ongoing loss of life on close to zero the rate of loss of natural the preservation of our biological heritage.
Earth. This is in large part because the habitats including forests; protect 17% Launch events for the Decade have
majority of the public and policymakers of terrestrial and inland water areas and already taken place around the world: in
are ignorant of the irreplaceable contribu- 10% of marine and coastal areas; restore Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Southeast
tions that biodiversity makes to human at least 15% of degraded areas; and make Asia, Europe, Latin America and the
Caribbean, with a global launch set for
the end of the year in Japan.
Each of these events has helped to
both build and reinforce a coalition of
agencies, organizations and actors in
support of the Decade. At the start of this
historic event, United Nations Agencies,
regional economic commissions, national
governments, local authorities and cities
and the general public are making the
commitments to building a sustainable
future.
And indeed we cannot afford to let
this opportunity slip by: we must work
together more closely than ever during this
critical period to build on the outcomes
of Nagoya for our mutual benefit and the
benefit of all life on Earth.
2 Satoyama 3
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
Message for the United
Nations Decade on
Biodiversity
C
onserving the planet’s species and land is polluted beyond all use?
habitats is central to sustainable We have all heard of the web of life. We
development. Yet the global risk trapping ourselves in a web of death.
decline in biodiversity is accelerating. The The United Nations Decade on Biodiversity
main causes are human activities. is an opportunity to reverse this trend.
The consequences are devastating: Under the theme “living in harmony with been seen as an endless reserve, instead
failed crops, economic losses, less resil- nature”, the Decade has several objectives. of the limited and fragile resource we now
ience in the face of disaster. As with most It aims to help us look at the underlying know it to be.
emergencies, those hardest hit are the causes of biodiversity loss. It seeks to But it is not too late to protect biodiver-
poor. And climate change is compounding ensure that biodiversity figures more promi- sity so that future generations can enjoy
the problem. nently in decision-making by governments the goods and services it provides.
There are also the opportunity costs: and industry. And it hopes to mobilize all The coming decade can be a turning
what cures for disease… what other use- segments of society in achieving agreed point in how humanity values and man-
ful discoveries, might we never know of international biodiversity targets. ages biodiversity. Together, we can build
because a habitat is destroyed forever, or For too long, our natural capital has the foundations for a sustainable future.
Achim Steiner, Under-Secretary-General, United Nations
and Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme
Defining the future of
life on Earth
T
he UN Decade on Biodiversity future of life on Earth as the willingness of
offers an opportunity to encour- nations to declare and support protected
age and catalyze governments areas and set recovery targets and strate-
but also a broad cross section of society gies for species. Green Economy work, notes that:
towards the ultimate goal of meeting the UNEP has crystalized this reality in its
new targets and the timetables agreed in work on the Green Economy—one of the • The certified agricultural products
Nagoya, Japan in 2010. two major themes of the Rio+20 meeting market was valued at over US$ 40
It comes against a backdrop of grow- taking place in Brazil in June 2012. billion in 2008 and may reach up to
ing awareness of the inextricable links The fundamental thrust is that creative US$ 210 billion by 2020.
between human development and the public policy and smart instruments can • Biodiversity offsets, such as wetland
world’s natural or nature-based assets deliver across a range of sustainability mitigation banking in the United
and the way biodiversity and ecosystems challenges while also growing economies, States or ‘bio-banking’ in Australia,
underpin economies and contribute to the generating employment and meeting are predicted to rise from US$3 billion
GDP of the poor. a range of aims from the Millennium in 2008 to US$ 10 billion in 2020.
There will be no single, silver bullet Development Goals to the 2 degrees • Bio carbon/forest offsets including
that will ensure the new targets are met. Celcius climate target and the new bio- Reducing Emission from Defores-
Indeed the way societies produce and diversity ones. tation and forest Degradation are
consume, the character of economic A recent report by The Economics of expected to rise from just US$21
activity and the value placed on forests Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB), an million in 2006 to over US$10 billion
to freshwaters will as much define the international effort which has informed the in 2020.
Satoyama 3 3
Accelerating and scaling-up such commitments in specific areas including necessity for the world to meet the 2020
instruments are among the challenges Walmart (Acres for America initiative), Coca targets could have a tipping point effect.
of the Decade and part of the overall Cola (water neutral by 2020) and BC Hydro The failure to achieve the 2010 Bio-
greening of the global as well as national (no net incremental ecological impact). diversity Targets was, at the time a body
economies. Such commitments offer templates blow and symbol of the wider failure of
There is equally a growing body of sup- for private sector engagement and could the international community to implement
port for a new indicator of wealth, one that become a cornerstone of corporate social sustainable development 18 years after
moves beyond the narrowness of GDP responsibility initiatives that encompass the Rio Earth Summit of 1992.
and includes nature within its parameters. ever more sectors during the Decade. As nations again embark on the road
It is likely to be an issue for Rio+20 and Meanwhile, engaging the global to Rio to evolve a more decisive response
beyond, and it offers one path for better public will be a foundation. One of the to the sustainability challenge in a world
integrating biodiversity and ecosystems great achievements of the environmental markedly different from the past, the
in economic and development planning. movement, dating back many decades, launch of the UN Decade on Biodiversity
Governments including India and Brazil has been the growth and membership of reminds each and all of the challenges
are now piloting new assessments of wildlife charities and environmental non- every country faces, but also the possibil-
natural wealth which in turn could provide governmental organizations. ity of finding new and conclusive ways of
some first steps towards a new, formal TEEB, through its public-focused web- meeting our collective goals.
notion of national wealth. Communicating site Bank of Natural Capital, has been There have always been strong argu-
their experiences and encouraging bringing the value of nature to a public ments for conserving the planet’s natural
assessments among a wider audience audience including for example the multi- riches. Today and as a result of ever
of nations may thus also be key for a billion dollar importance of pollinators to more compelling science, economics and
successful Decade. food production. social understanding we have many more
Some businesses have made commit- While the spiritual and cultural signifi- which offer broad spectrum engagement,
ments to goals such as a “Net Positive cance of biodiversity has inspired many to improved focus, clear areas for implemen-
Impact’ on biodiversity. Other companies campaign on its behalf, enlisting the force tation and every chance that 2020 will be
have been developing similar kinds of of consumerism into the debate and the cause for celebration.
Satsuki Eda, Minister of the Environment, Japan
Achievement of the Aichi
Biodiversity Targets
through the United Nations
Decade on Biodiversity
F
irst of all, I would like to express animals, and natural resources. At COP 10 held in October 2010, the
my most sincere appreciation for Today, we are losing biodiversity from Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted as
the heartwarming assistance and every corner of the globe at an unprec- the new global targets on biodiversity. The
support provided from around the world edented speed. It is said that if this loss Aichi Targets presented a direction which
in lifesaving and recovery activities for continues at its current pace, the ecosys- the international community should follow
our nation, in response to the Great East tems will reach the tipping point beyond for the next ten years. Whether or not we
Japan Earthquake, which occurred on 11 which our biodiversity would be degraded can halt the loss of biodiversity and turn
March 2011. While this disaster made us to such an extent that it could never be toward recovery depends on our actions
acutely aware of the starkness of nature, recovered for future generations. In order over the next ten years.
it also shed light on the fact that how to hand down the healthy ecosystems that Above all, each country is required to
valuable the foundations supporting our are fundamental to our daily life, we need develop and revise its own national strat-
daily lives are, such as food and energy, to confront these crises with our collective egy and action plan based on the Aichi
for which we depend on myriad plants, wisdom. Biodiversity Targets, and thereby reinforce
4 Satoyama 3
biodiversity conservation measures. In this taking not a conflicting but rather a more the processes such as the first plenary
context, taking a participatory process adaptive approach towards nature, is an meeting to be held in October 2011.
with the engagement of a wide range of important perspective of the initiative. This year is the first year of the United
stakeholders is key. As a concrete measure, designing a new Nations Decade on Biodiversity 2011-2020,
Serving as the COP 10 Presidency, national park symbolizing the recovery is which provides all levels of stakeholders,
Japan remains committed to enhancing being discussed, which would contribute including governments, businesses, and
its efforts in conserving biodiversity and to the rebuilding of the Satoyama and citizens, with the unique opportunity to
providing proactive support so that all the Sato-umi areas that were affected by tackle establishing a sustainable society
Parties can advance implementation with the disaster. in harmony with nature, based on the Aichi
the participation of various stakeholders. The early entry into force of the Nagoya Biodiversity Targets.
As part of the contribution, Japan is Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources Celebrations for the start of the Decade
supporting the capacity building work- and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of have already been held in Asia, Latin
shops on developing and revising national Benefits Arising from their Utilization, America, and Africa, in response to the
biodiversity strategies and action plans which was adopted at COP 10, is another increasing momentum for the efforts around
through the Japan Biodiversity Fund, major issue. Japan will encourage devel- the world. As the COP 10 Presidency,
Japan will host the global launching event
of UNDB in mid-December of 2011, in
“Serving as the COP 10 Presidency, Japan remains committed partnership with the CBD Secretariat and
the United Nations University. With this
to enhancing its efforts in conserving biodiversity and celebration, governments, international
organizations, and other relevant stakehold-
providing proactive support so that all the Parties can advance
ers will gather to celebrate the launching
implementation with the participation of various stakeholders.” of the Decade, so as to contribute to the
effective and efficient achievement of the
Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
which was established under the CBD oping countries to sign and ratify the At the national level, Japan will
Secretariat at COP 10. The workshops Nagoya Protocol through its contribution establish a national committee with the
have been held in nine sub-regions globally to the Nagoya Protocol Implementation participation of the major stakeholders
as of August 2011, with the participation Fund (NPIF) that was established at GEF concerned, with a view to promote
of more than 140 countries in total. in March 2011, thereby contributing to efforts undertaken by sectors through
With the intention to take the lead in the early entry into force of the Protocol. this committee.
setting good examples, Japan has initi- In order to address the loss of biodi- In order to pass down the rich bounties
ated the process for revising its national versity, the science and policy interface of nature to our children, seeking the life
biodiversity strategy, taking the Aichi should be enhanced. Toward the early in harmony with nature, let us now take
Targets into account. In particular, based establishment of the Intergovernmental urgent actions, continue our actions,
on our experiences from the recent disas- Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem and extend our actions to all the people
ter, I believe that the concept of realizing Services (IPBES), I expect that the discus- around the world, for the achievement of
“a society in harmony with nature,” by sions will be further advanced through the Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
Satoyama 3 5
Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda
Socio-economic transformation and the
protection of biodiversity: A symbiotic
relationship
I
t is now no longer debatable that an
intrinsic relationship exists between “Through the adoption of the Nagoya Strategic
resilient biodiversity and sustainable
development. Furthermore, the reliance Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and the Aichi
of communities on well functioning
ecosystems to achieve socio-economic Targets, Rwanda has established a variety of
activities is undeniable.
In line with Rwanda’s continuous
policies that ensure that Rwandans are ‘living in
efforts to streamline all national policies harmony with nature.’ ”
to ensure socio-economic transformation,
we have placed the environment at the
core of our development. To address evi-
dence that human development has been schools, homes for the most vulnerable implemented to rehabilitate the 50 meter
compromised by the accelerated global as well as funded income generating protection belt through tree planting and
depletion of biodiversity, our Government projects. Indeed, the mutually beneficial auto-regeneration of natural vegetation.
is implementing sustainable restorative harmony between livelihoods and biodi- This involved resettling 1200 families in
initiatives aimed at bringing these negative versity protection could not be clearer. villages where they were provided with
trends under control. Additionally, the benefits of these con- necessary production facilities to sustain
As the first sub Saharan African Nation servation efforts have expanded beyond their livelihoods. This rehabilitation resulted
to sign the Nagoya Protocol, which is cur- Rwanda and into neighboring countries in the rise of water levels and the replenish-
rently undergoing the ratification process through collaborative conservation ment of fish stock. The communities were
in Parliament, Rwanda continues to fulfill mechanisms such as “The Greater Virunga then organized into 21 fishing coopera-
its commitment to implement its core Transboundary Collaboration.” tives equipped with appropriate tools and
objectives. Through the adoption of the Appropriate biodiversity protection is capacity for economically viable fishing.
Nagoya Strategic Plan for Biodiversity made even more indispensable by the Resettlement in villages permitted better
2011-2020 and the Aichi Targets, Rwanda need to adapt to the Climate Change land use, allowing improved agricultural
has established a variety of policies that challenges our Planet is facing. To address productivity and commensurate earnings.
ensure that Rwandans are “living in these changes, Rwanda has dedicated Other restorative schemes such as the
harmony with nature.” 10% of our land to nature conservation Rwanda Forest Landscape Restoration
With more endemic mammals, birds, within protected areas. Rivers, wetlands (RFLR) initiative and the ongoing crop
butterflies, fish and amphibians than any and lakes are by law, demarcated by intensification programmes to achieve
other African country, Rwanda belongs protection belts which also account for national food security based on Land
to one of the most biologically diverse part of our national contribution to achieve Husbandry, Water-Harvesting and
geographical areas—the Albertine Rift. the global aim, as set in Aichi Target 11, to Hillside Agriculture (LWH) techniques,
Rwanda is also home to two great ape increase the size of terrestrial and inland all demonstrate the symbiotic balance
species that were under threat of extinc- water conserved areas to 17%. between productive economic activities
tion two decades ago. With conservation In Rwanda, the case of restoring Lake and biodiversity conservation.
best practices that focused on ensuring Kivu’s coast line is a clear illustration The Nagoya Strategic Plan of Action
that species naturally thrive in a safe of the benefits that water protection 2011-2020 will continue to serve as an
environment, the population of mountain brings to both biodiversity and socio- important framework for Rwanda to
gorillas had a record growth of 26.3% economic development of communities. ensure our development targets such
between 2003 and 2010. The lake shores have been continuously as the MDGs and future ambitions are
As is customary in Rwanda, community encroached by farming communities, sustained by the safety of our biodiversity
participation in these efforts has been causing excessive siltation. The same heritage. With our steadfast commitment
key. The communities surrounding the communities also carried out non- to sustainable socio-economic transfor-
mountain gorillas have benefited through sustainable fishing that had gradually led mation, we are certain we shall meet the
employment and a revenue sharing to the exhaustion of the fish stock. goals we have set both for the Strategic
scheme that has led to construction of In 2005, a five year programme was Plan and our national Vision 2020.
6 Satoyama 3
Benigno S. Aquino III, President of the Philippines
Biodiversity is more than
what we think it is
(The following article is taken from a speech economy and 80% of the needs of the components to the global sustainability
made by Philippine President Benigno S. Aquino poor depend on biological resources. and stability of the environment. This is
III during the South-East Asian launch of the
And it is our role as occupants of this one of our main competitive advantages
United Nations Decade on Biodiversity and the
International Year of Forests, on 30 May 2011 at
world to make certain that we are able as a region. Unfortunately, there are those
the Rizal Ceremonial Hall, Malacañang) to completely and sustainably utilize the who still see the environment as nothing
resources we have at hand. more than a means to make an easy and
D
r. Ahmed Djoghlaf, Assistant Although occupying only three per cent quick profit without regard for the long-
Secretary General and Executive of the earth’s total surface, the ASEAN term consequences.
Secretary of the UN Convention Region is the habitat of more than 18% Last week, it came to my attention that
on Biological Diversity; Secretary Ramon of all known plant, animal, and marine a coral reef complex almost twice the size
Paje; Undersecretary Antonio Rodriguez; species, making us one of the world’s of Manila was decimated by environmental
Executive Director Rodrigo Fuentes wealthiest biological havens. plunderers, all for a quick profit. They took
of the ASEAN Center for Biodiversity; The Philippines alone is a highly more than 21,000 pieces of sea fan black
Excellencies of the Diplomatic Corps; diverse country. We are ranked fifth for corals and indiscriminately murdered 161
Representatives from the various inter- having the most number of plant species endangered turtles—from 80-year olds
national organizations, NGOs, business in the world, around 7,500 of which are to 4-year olds—to stuff and sell. Not to
and youth sectors; fellow workers in endemic to our country, not to mention mention taking 196 kilograms of sea whip
government; honored guests; ladies and the many rare species of reef fishes, birds, black corals as well. Sadly, this single act
gentlemen: Good morning. and corals. of environmental pillage is only symptom-
Biodiversity is much more than what All these resources make the Philip- atic of a larger problem. Our region is on
we think it means. The United Nations pines and the ASEAN Region crucial the brink of losing a significant number of
defines it as the web of life and the
foundation of human living, meaning it is
more than the coral reefs we protect so
we can have fish for dinner.
It is more than the forests we nurture
so we can produce clothing and shelter,
among other things.
Biodiversity means the air we breathe;
the ebb and flow of the oceans; the moun-
tains and the valleys that evoke from us
inspiration, awe, and an awareness of our
own smallness in the face of the world.
Biodiversity is the delicate thread
connecting every organism that lives and
thrives on this planet; it is everything that
we call home.
Suffice it to say, the launching of the
“United Nations Decade on Biodiversity
and International Year of Forests in
Southeast Asia” is a historic occasion, and
we are honored to host it. We thank the
United Nations Convention on Biological
Diversity and its Executive Secretary, Dr.
Ahmed Djoghlaf, for the honor of having
the Philippines as its launching site.
We are fully aware of the need to
sustainably maintain the balance of our
biodiversity. At least 40% of the world’s
Satoyama 3 7
Some of you may have noticed the
towering tree rooted just outside this
palace. This balete tree, which is more
than a hundred years old, has been a mute
witness to Philippine history. And now, as
a fitting symbol of our commitment to the
United Nations Decade on Biodiversity, I
hereby proclaim the balete tree located in
front of this hallowed hall as our Heritage
Tree. In making it a Heritage Tree, it will
constantly remind us of our obligations,
both as citizens of this country and as
stewards of this planet.
I know that we have made several
initiatives to curb these threats to our
biodiversity, and I know how hard many
of us have worked for this cause. It gets
tiring, especially when it would be much
easier to surrender under the difficulties
of protecting what many people pay little
attention to, and what some people want
to destroy for temporary gain.
“We want to change the way things are; we want to make life Many of us are dissatisfied with the
way things are going. I myself am itching
better, not only for Filipinos, but ultimately, for the citizens of the to see the fruits of our efforts. But if there
is one thing I have learned from facing the
world; not only for those who are here now, but more importantly, many challenges that confront a president,
it is that, especially during difficult times,
for those who will come tomorrow.” we must put our foot down and hark back
to why we are doing what we are doing
in the first place: why we choose to act
endangered species due to multiple cases Just last week, our Department of outside of our comfort zones, when we
of deforestation, wildlife hunting, climate Environment and Natural Resources can easily sit back and watch the world,
change, pollution and population growth. launched a project to expand the ter- along with its cycle of problems, spin by.
If it was not clear before, then it is as restrial protected areas in the country, The answer is simple: we want to
clear as day now: we need to act. We beginning with nine key biodiversity areas. change the way things are; we want to
need to act now. Our administration has I also just recently launched the make life better, not only for Filipinos, but
already begun a number of programs to National Greening Program, which aims ultimately, for the citizens of the world;
preserve vulnerable species and habitats. to plant 1.5 billion trees in 1.5 million hect- not only for those who are here now, but
Earlier this month, during the 18th ares of land across the country from 2011 more importantly, for those who will come
ASEAN Summit in Indonesia, I also per- to 2016. This program complements an tomorrow.
sonally urged our neighbors to continue earlier directive I issued, Executive Order This is not the first time a group of
supporting the operations of the ASEAN No. 23, which calls for a total logging ban strong-willed people tried to change the
Centre for Biodiversity, which aims to in our natural and residual forests and world. This has happened before, and
facilitate cooperation among the ASEAN establishes an Anti-Illegal Logging Task though some may have faltered, many
Member States and concerned organi- Force to enforce the campaign. This aims, have succeeded. And this is what ties us
zations. Aside from hosting the ASEAN ultimately, to end exploitative and long- all together; the collective will to persevere
Centre for Biodiversity, we have also entrenched practices that have severely in the face of the seemingly impossible.
committed to incorporating biodiversity damaged our ecology, only for the benefit This is the root from which the enduring
in the national development process. of a powerful few. tree of humanity has grown.
Our administration will continue pur- It is important for us to continue down So in this spirit, together, let us cele-
suing biodiversity conservation efforts this path of preserving the biodiversity. brate the National Decade on Biodiversity
in the region, such as the Coral Triangle Therefore, in support of the United from 2011-2020 and the International Year
Initiative, the Greater Mekong Program, Nations, I declare 2011-2020 as the of Forests and let us constantly work
the Heart of Borneo Initiative, and the National Decade on Biodiversity in the towards everything it promises.
ASEAN Heritage Parks. Philippines. Thank you and good day!
8 Satoyama 3Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos
México, a favor del manejo
sustentable de la biodiversidad para el
desarrollo y el bienestar
Y
o nací y crecí en Michoacán, un significativamente el ritmo de pérdida de riqueza biológica de nuestro país. Por
estado en México que tiene vastos diversidad biológica en el ámbito mundial, ejemplo, nos esforzamos en la conser-
bosques, lagos, ríos, llanuras y regional y nacional. vación de nuestra riqueza biológica y a
hermosos litorales que son el hogar de Los retos ambientales que vivimos través del fomento a la participación de
una rica diversidad biológica. Fue ahí, en actualmente se pueden resumir en la exis- las comunidades locales y del desarrollo
mi tierra, donde aprendí a respetar a la tencia de dos importantes brechas que de nuevos mercados verdes, esto, entre
naturaleza. Fue ahí donde comprendí que comprometen el bienestar de la humani- otras medidas, nos está permitiendo
la gran biodiversidad que tiene México dad: la brecha entre ricos y pobres, y la generar fuentes de empleo e ingreso para
no es sólo un enorme privilegio, sino que brecha entre el hombre y la naturaleza. la población. De esta manera avanzamos
es también una gran responsabilidad, se En México estamos convencidos de que en el rompimiento del círculo vicioso
trata de un patrimonio que pertenece podemos y debemos trabajar para cerrar pobreza-deterioro ambiental-mayor
a toda la humanidad. Partiendo de esa ambas brechas simultáneamente. Para pobreza, y damos pasos firmes en el
convicción, en mi administración le hemos nosotros, la conservación de la biodiver- mejoramiento de las condiciones de
dado la más alta prioridad al cuidado y a sidad requiere de imaginación para pensar vida de las comunidades cuyo sustento
la conservación del medio ambiente y de en nuevas formas de aprovechamiento depende del aprovechamiento de los
los recursos naturales. sustentable de los recursos naturales recursos naturales.
Como parte de este compromiso con y convertirlos en fuente de desarrollo y Los resultados de la Cumbre de
el mundo, durante la Décima Conferencia bienestar. Nagoya serán un tema central en la
de las Partes en el Convenio sobre la Con este espíritu, en febrero de 2011, Conferencia Río+20, que tendrá lugar
Diversidad Biológica (CDB) celebrada México se convirtió en el quinto país en en 2012. Se trata de una Conferencia
en Nagoya, Japón, a finales de 2010, firmar el Protocolo de Nagoya. Al hacerlo, que marca el vigésimo aniversario de
México, a nombre del Grupo de Países reiteró la importancia de la cooperación la Cumbre de Rio, en 1992. Sin duda,
de América Latina y el Caribe (GRULAC), internacional y de que todos los Países aún están pendientes muchos de los
conjuntamente con el Grupo de Países Parte del CDB lo firmen y ratifiquen lo compromisos adquiridos hace 20 años.
Megadiversos Afines, promovió acti- antes posible, ya que su entrada en Es hora de redoblar esfuerzos para que
vamente la aprobación de tres puntos vigor permitirá contar con los medios trabajando unidos, como comunidad
fundamentales para los trabajos del CDB necesarios para su adecuada implemen- internacional, logremos frenar y revertir
durante la próxima década: tación. Este instrumento es un elemento la pérdida de la diversidad biológica del
fundamental para dar cumplimiento al planeta, fortalecer la seguridad alimentaria
• La formalización e implementación tercer objetivo del CDB, orientado a: y erradicar la pobreza. Ahora, como hace
del Protocolo de Nagoya sobre el “Garantizar el reparto justo y equitativo veinte años, todavía tenemos mucho
Acceso a los Recursos Genéticos y de los beneficios derivados del uso de los trabajo por delante para avanzar en el
Participación Justa y Equitativa en recursos genéticos, incluyendo el acceso logro de éstos objetivos. México, como
los Beneficios que se Deriven de su adecuado a éstos, los conocimientos tra- país megadiverso, en el que buena parte
Utilización; dicionales relacionados y la transferencia de su población y de su economía están
• La adopción del Plan Estratégico de tecnología relevante.” Esto significa ligadas a la permanencia de los recursos
2011 – 2020; y que la diversidad biológica debe ser un naturales, está comprometido a promover
• La movilización de los recursos elemento para mejorar el bienestar de la activamente el cambio de paradigma eco-
financieros necesarios para la gente, y en particular, de las comunidades nómico que nuestro presente y nuestro
implementación del Protocolo de que viven en esos ecosistemas. futuro nos demandan.
Nagoya, especialmente en los países Con la firma del Protocolo de Nagoya Invitamos a la comunidad internacional
en desarrollo. y con la adopción del Plan Estratégico a unir esfuerzos para transformar las
2011-2020, México refrenda su com- oportunidades que brindan la conserva-
Todo resulta de la mayor relevancia promiso de poner en práctica nuevas ción y el aprovechamiento sustentable
debido a la posibilidad de reforzar, acciones y reforzar aquellas que ya de nuestra biodiversidad en un mayor
vía financiamiento, los programas y estamos realizando para la conservación bienestar para las generaciones de hoy
las acciones concretas para reducir y el aprovechamiento sustentable de la y del mañana.
Satoyama 3 9José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission
Translating the Nagoya
commitments at the regional level
T
he agreement reached by 193 EU’s resource efficiency goals as part of of the global Strategic Plan, while another
countries in Nagoya, Japan in the broader Europe 2020 Strategy for mirrors target 9 on invasive alien species,
October 2010 on how to advance Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth, which is a growing driver of biodiversity
global biodiversity policy over the next since the conservation of biodiversity and loss in the EU, causing some €12,5 billion
decade represents a victory for the world’s ensuring its sustainable use are essential worth of damage each year.
biodiversity and, by consequence, for the to achieving the desired transition towards On 21 June, environment ministers of
future of mankind, given our dependence a green economy. Member States meeting as Council of the
on the goods and services provided The EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 European Union endorsed the strategy as
by nature. Nagoya is also a positive is underpinned by a ‘triple rationale’ for a key instrument to enable the EU to reach
example of what can be achieved when action. its 2020 headline target on biodiversity.
the international community joins forces Firstly, there is an obvious environmen- This is important, since the strategy
for a common cause. It is an example of tal imperative to act. Recent assessments includes some actions that must primarily
multilateral environmental governance at of the state of biodiversity in the EU show be delivered through national level action
its best. that despite improvements in some areas by the 27 Member States of the Union.
The international community must now resulting from action taken in response to Political commitment is an important
waste no time in translating the Nagoya the 2010 target, the situation remains wor- first step towards effective implementa-
commitments into action at global, rying. Only 17% of assessed species and tion. An important factor for delivery will
regional, national and sub-national levels. habitats are in a good state of conserva- also be to successfully engage with the
On 3 May 2011, the European Com- tion. Too many ecosystems are degraded, wide range of concerned stakeholders.
mission adopted a new strategy to reverse and as a result are unable to provide The slogan of the European Commission’s
the loss of biodiversity and speed up the optimal levels of ecosystem services. It 2010 biodiversity campaign, “We are all
European Union’s (EU) transition towards is high time to turn this situation around. in this together”, could therefore not be
a resource efficient and green economy. Secondly, the strategy is underpinned more fitting. It is vital that everyone —
Entitled Our life insurance, our natural by political commitments at both EU and from businesses and NGOs, to politicians
capital: an EU biodiversity strategy to global levels. In March 2010, EU heads of and citizens — get involved and do their
2020, the strategy focuses on six priority state and government endorsed an ambi- part to translate commitments into action.
targets and corresponding measures tious EU headline target on biodiversity, The Commission will draw on a number
aimed at protecting species and habitats, which calls for halting the loss of biodi- of key partnerships established with
maintaining and restoring ecosystems and versity and the degradation of ecosystem different stakeholder groups in support
their services, anchoring biodiversity goals services in the EU by 2020, and restoring of implementation. As we head towards
in sectoral policies such as agriculture, them in so far as feasible, while stepping the 11th meeting of the Conference of the
forestry and fisheries, combating invasive up the EU contribution to averting global Parties to the CBD, which India will gra-
alien species, and stepping up the EU’s biodiversity loss. In October 2010, the EU ciously host in 2012, we will work closely
contribution towards averting global subscribed to the Nagoya Compact. with our partners within and beyond the
biodiversity loss. Finally, we have a clear economic EU to ensure the success of Nagoya is
The strategy is complemented by a rationale as set out in the results and replicated in Hyderabad.
substantial body of existing EU environ- recommendations of the TEEB reports, Indeed, success in achieving our
mental legislation, which tackles a wide which underscore that the value of natural biodiversity targets, whether at the level
range of pollutants, minimizes waste capital far outweighs the costs of action of the European Union or at the global
and regulates chemicals. This legislation needed to conserve it. level, requires a global approach. The
delivers important additional benefits for These considerations informed the United Nations Conference on Sustainable
biodiversity. development of the EU’s biodiversity Development, which will take place in Rio
Taking action to protect and enhance strategy to 2020. next June, is a singular opportunity for
biodiversity will also make an important Many of the targets and actions reflect the world to chart a new course towards
contribution to our climate change objec- the strategic goals and targets set out in achieving real sustainable develop-
tives, since healthy, diverse ecosystems the Aichi Strategic Plan 2011-2020. For ment—one in which economic growth
play a vital role in climate regulation, while example, one of the targets requires comes not at the expense of natural
helping communities adapt to its unavoid- restoring 15% of degraded ecosystems in capital, but through its preservation and
able impacts. It will also contribute to the the EU by 2020, as called for in target 15 enhancement.
10 Satoyama 3Janusz Zaleski, Undersecretary of State, Chief Nature Conservator, Ministry
of the Environment, Poland
Shaping a new framework
for conservation of biological
diversity
O
n 1 July 2011, Poland took over the international level and implementation of Targets) was one of the decisions which
Presidency in the Council of the the National strategy for conservation and made the CBD COP 10 successful.
European Union. On the one hand sustainable use of biological diversity and Updating the Strategic Plan resulted in
this is a good reason to feel proud, but on the Action Plan. development of an action-oriented docu-
the other it is an enormous challenge and a Within the current six-month period, ment, containing ambitious but realistic
chance to search for effective solutions to the Polish Presidency has been striving and measurable short-term objectives,
problems shared by Europe and the world. to accomplish the primary objective of as well as long-term ones and visions.
The loss of biological diversity is one the European Union on biodiversity, which Global priorities within conservation and
of the most acute global environmental includes: halting the loss of biological sustainable use of biological diversity for
problems which humankind has to face. diversity and degradation of ecosystem subsequent 10 years were specified in the
Biological diversity is a system we are services in the EU by 2020, and restoring document. The document will also serve
part of ourselves, and on which our them in so far as feasible, while stepping as frameworks for updating by Poland of
existence is based. The condition of
ecosystems affects, among other things,
supplying people with food, clothes and
medicines, ensuring fresh air and clean “Taking into consideration the value of natural capital in other
water, as well as preventing and mitigating
consequences of extreme phenomena. policies may become the key to overcome the economic
Moreover, numerous forms of economic
activity are based on natural resources.
crisis, the way to reduce poverty and a chance to accomplish
Unfortunately, escalating processes successfully the Millennium Development Goals.”
of excessive exploitation of resources,
advancing changes as far as land use
is concerned, environment pollution,
spread of invasive alien species, climate up the EU contribution to averting global its national objectives and revision of the
change and their conjugate impact result biodiversity loss. Pursuits to meet the national biodiversity strategy. This is a task
in imbalance in ecosystem functions and obligations resulting from the Convention requiring careful execution of the adopted
depletion of species and genetic diversity on Biological Diversity, including the deci- objectives, determination of priorities,
worldwide. These have also a negative sion of the 10th Conference of Parties to identification of weaknesses and ways
impact on the quality of human life, as the Convention (COP 10 CBD Nagoya, of eliminating them.
well as on life safety and health of people. October 2010) adopted last year, are Besides the key issues related to the
The increasing awareness of conse- of particular importance. These include pursuit to lower the dynamics of the loss
quences of the loss of biological diversity implementation of the Strategic Plan of biological diversity, increasing protected
resulted in adoption by the international for the years 2011-2020, mobilization land and marine areas or restoring
community at the Summit held in Rio of resources for implementation of the degraded ecosystems, numerous vital
de Janeiro on 5 June 1992—the United Convention and a prompt ratification objectives of the Strategic Plan relate to
Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. and meeting obligations resulting from the need to incorporate biological diversity
The Convention has become a global tool the Nagoya Protocol. Identification of in the process of development and imple-
enhancing and coordinating measures appropriate instruments facilitating con- mentation of sectoral policies. Effective
aimed at conservation of biological diver- servation of biological diversity, ensuring conservation of biological diversity must
sity, sustainable use of its elements and inter-sectoral integration and increasing be holistic and go beyond the interests
the fair and equitable sharing of benefits the awareness of the importance of biodi- of individuals and institutions occupied
arising out of the utilisation of genetic versity protection in the society are some with environmental protection, becom-
resources. Poland ratified the Convention of the most important current topics. ing a shared concern and an important
in 1996 and since then it has been actively Adoption of the revised Strategic Plan element of all development measures
supporting accomplishment of its objec- for Biodiversity for the years 2011-2020 and decision-making processes (includ-
tives, both through engagement at the and its 20 objectives (referred to as Aichi ing in particular sustainable agriculture,
Satoyama 3 11Norbert Röttgen, Federal Environment Minister, Germany
forestry and fishery, spatial manage-
ment, infrastructure development, water
management, as well as education and
10 years for 20 targets
upbringing).
Taking into consideration the value
— together we can do it!
of natural capital in other policies may
become the key to overcome the eco-
T
nomic crisis, the way to reduce poverty he International Year of Biodiversity Despite these successes, however,
and a chance to accomplish successfully was a very intensive year for there are still considerable challenges
the Millennium Development Goals. Still, us all. It was marked by many before us. Here are just some examples:
fostering conditions ensuring preserva- achievements, such as the decisions 13 million hectares of forest are cut down
tion of biological diversity at all levels of Nagoya, the successful conclusion each year—the equivalent of an area
of its organization requires systemic of The Economics of Ecosystems and the size of Greece. Already, 80% of the
measures and active engagement of the Biodiversity (TEEB) study, the decision to Caribbean coral reefs have been wiped
entire society. establish the Intergovernmental Platform out, and 35% of all mangroves were
One should also emphasize the impor- on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services destroyed within the last 20 years. Nature
tance of ratification and implementation of (IPBES) and the declara- in Germany is not doing
the Nagoya Protocol concerning access tion of the United Nations very well either. 72% of all
to genetic resources and fair distribution Decade on Biodiversity, habitats are endangered
of the benefits resulting from their use, 2011 to 2020. Although the or even acutely threatened
as with no progress in that area it will be loss of global biodiversity with destruction. All these
difficult to achieve any progress in the has not yet been halted, examples drive home the
other thematic areas of the Convention. the highly complex issue of fact that we are failing to
This issue is of key importance not only biological diversity has nev- take care of our planet.
for sustainable use of biological diversity, ertheless become the focus Bit by bit, we are losing
but also in the context of execution of the of more international public attention than nature. This loss is often subtle and
Millennium Development Goals, including ever before. We are justified in saying that goes unnoticed, but it is, in any event,
reduction of poverty worldwide. Intense we have firmly established “our” issue at irreversible.
works aimed at signing the Protocol are the very top of the global political agenda. Yet nature is the basis of our livelihood
currently under way in Poland. Right up to head of state and government —and of our economy. The conservation
We have to achieve difficult, still very level, politicians throughout the world have of nature is no luxury. On the contrary,
motivating objectives. Their accom- been considering biological diversity and the destruction of nature will ultimately
plishment requires joint efforts to be the impacts of its loss on human well- also have serious impacts on mankind. I
undertaken by the international com- being and global economic development. would like to illustrate this by looking at
munity. While expressing satisfaction The Strategic Plan 2011 to 2020 was the destruction of the coral reefs. Why
from adoption of ambitious goals of the adopted at the 10th meeting of the Con- must we concern ourselves with this?
Strategic Plan, Poland is undertaking and ference of the Parties to the Convention Even if CO2 emissions remain the same,
will be intensifying its efforts aimed at their on Biological Diversity (CBD) in Nagoya. acidification of the seas could still lead to
accomplishment, as well as at execution The Strategic Plan is an ambitious road- the world’s coral reefs being completely
of the other decisions adopted during the map which, if consistently implemented, wiped out within a few decades. The
Conference of the Parties held in Nagoya. will help us achieve the long overdue loss of coral reefs would mean the loss
Earth Summits held within the last two trend reversal for the conservation and of ecosystem services currently provided
decades (Rio de Janeiro 1992 and Johan- sustainable use of biodiversity. Nagoya by nature, such as coastal protection and
nesburg 2002) were of key importance for saw important progress on other issues fish breeding grounds. These services are
undermining the significance of biological as well. For me, the greatest breakthrough valued at up to 170 billion US dollars per
diversity. We believe that as a result of the was reaching agreement on the Nagoya year, but that figure is surpassed once
incoming Earth Summit Rio+20 (Rio de Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources again when we realize that the loss of
Janeiro, 2012) another milestone will be and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of these services also means the irreversible
made towards fulfilling the requirements Benefits Arising from their Utilization. loss of livelihood for half a billion people.
of nature conservation in accordance with Thus, after 20 years, we have finally been This is the magnitude of the effects. We
the sustainable development concept, able to give substance to the third objec- have to recognize this economic dimen-
and implementation of the new approach tive of the CBD. The international com- sion and gear our political and business
to economy aimed at effective use of munity now has an effective instrument to activities to it.
resources will contribute to implemen- prevent biopiracy, and one which provides The Strategic Plan of the CBD therefore
tation of the Millennium Development both developing and user countries with also specifies that the conservation of bio-
Goals. a reliable framework. diversity should no longer remain the sole
12 Satoyama 3responsibility of environment ministries. and strengthen the momentum that the reflected in our political, social and per-
The conservation of natural resources— International Year of Biodiversity 2010 sonal actions.
our natural capital—must be integrated gave to global biodiversity policy. Over Instruments such as TEEB and IPBES
into other political sectors and processes, the next 10 years we must implement the will play a decisive role in this. Their task
and be addressed by ministries of finance ambitious decisions taken at Nagoya, so is to create cross-sectoral political under-
and economic affairs as well. Moreover, that we can succeed in achieving our key standing, to identify genuine solutions and
if we want to seriously combat the main joint objective. help raise public awareness of biological
causes of biodiversity loss—the destruc- We must use the Decade on Biodi- diversity.
tion and over-exploitation of habitats and versity to draw the attention of policy- The 2008 to 2010 presidency of COP
species, environmental pollution, climate makers, trade and industry and society 9 gave Germany the opportunity to con-
change and the spread of alien species, to biodiversity, which is an issue of global siderably advance international efforts
we must also bring on board stakeholders human relevance. The knowledge that bio- to preserve life on Earth. And of course,
in agriculture, fishery and transport. diversity is the basis of our economy, and even after the end of our presidency, the
I believe that the UN Decade on that we as a part of nature are inextricably conservation of biological diversity is and
Biodiversity 2011 to 2020 will sustain connected with it, must be consistently will remain a core issue for Germany.
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet, Ministre de l’Écologie, du Développement
durable, des Transports et du Logement, France
La Stratégie française pour
Photo: Mr. Sjoerd van der Hucht
la biodiversité 2011–2020 :
une mobilisation de tout un chacun
D
u fait de son patrimoine naturel de la biodiversité. en les partageant et en les valorisant.
exceptionnel sur l’ensemble de C’est fort du succès et des acquis du Nous nous étions fixés comme
ses territoires, la France a une programme français de l’Année internatio- échéance symbolique la Journée mondiale
responsabilité mondiale en matière de nale de la biodiversité que mon ministère de la biodiversité. Pari tenu ! Le 19 mai
préservation de la biodiversité. C’est a donc lancé, dès 2010, une révision de 2011, j’ai eu le plaisir de présenter, au nom
pourquoi notre pays a répondu favorable- la Stratégie nationale pour la biodiversité du Premier ministre, la nouvelle Stratégie
ment au double appel de l’Organisation (SNB). La SNB est la réalisation de l’en- française pour la biodiversité pour la
des Nations Unies et de la Convention gagement français au titre de la CDB : période 2011-2020. Une stratégie qui fait
sur la diversité biologique, en lançant le le Plan stratégique de la CDB lui a donc donc de la France l’un des tout premiers
programme « 2010, Année internationale tout naturellement servi de point de départ. pays à mettre en œuvre à l’échelle natio-
de la biodiversité en France ». Le bilan en Aussi les 20 cibles d’Aichi ont-elles toutes nale le Plan stratégique de la CDB.
est très positif. été reprises et adaptées dans la SNB 2011- À l’occasion de cette révision, nous
La mobilisation a été forte sur différents 2020. L’architecture de la nouvelle stratégie avons eu à cœur de reproduire le modèle
terrains : les projets et les manifestations en six « orientations stratégiques » et vingt de la gouvernance partagée qu’avait
mis en œuvre ont été nombreux, et objectifs reflète le souhait d’être parfaite- instauré notre « Grenelle de l’environne-
les citoyens y ont été particulièrement ment lisible au plan international. Tous les ment ». Sous l’égide de mon ministère,
réceptifs. La biodiversité s’est imposée enjeux pour la société sont couverts. la révision de la SNB a été pilotée par un
à l’attention de tous et elle s’affirme Les six orientations stratégiques de comité composé de plusieurs catégories
désormais comme l’une des dimensions la Stratégie française pour la biodiversité d’acteurs, qui chacune a une approche
d’un projet de société durable. 2011-2020 sont d’abord de susciter particulière des enjeux : les départements
L’année 2010 était également l’occa- l’envie d’agir pour la biodiversité ; puis ministériels, les collectivités territoriales, les
sion de tirer tous les enseignements de de préserver le vivant et sa capacité à organisations professionnelles, les asso-
la Stratégie française pour la biodiversité évoluer ; d’investir dans ce bien commun ciations, les organismes de recherche, les
2004-2010. Des analyses et des évalua- qu’est le capital écologique ; d’assurer un syndicats de salariés, et d’autres encore.
tions ont été menées, puis une grande usage durable et équitable de la biodiver- À quoi s’ajoutait une participation inédite :
conférence nationale en mai 2010 a sité ; d’assurer également la cohérence celle du public, consulté par Internet et
permis d’esquisser des pistes originales des politiques et l’efficacité de l’action ; invité à alimenter l’élaboration même de
de réflexion pour améliorer la gouvernance de développer, enfin, les connaissances, la stratégie. Invitation bien reçue, qui a
Satoyama 3 13You can also read
