Subject guidance for internally assessed qualifications in 2021-22 - SQA
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August 2021
Subject guidance for internally assessed
qualifications in 2021–22
Please read this document in conjunction with guidance for the assessment of internally
assessed qualifications issued to centres in August 2021.
HNC Animal Care
Group Award title:
HND Animal Care
GP8G 15
Group Award code:
GP8H 16
Course aims
The principal aim of the HNC and HND in Animal Care is to provide learners with the
knowledge and skills required to progress within the animal care sector either through
employment or further study.
General aims of the qualifications
The general aims of the HNC and HND are to:
♦ develop core skills and other transferable skills
♦ develop the ability to work independently and take responsibility for one’s own learning
♦ develop the ability to apply knowledge to practical situations
♦ develop a range of practical skills
♦ enable progression within the SCQF
The specific aims of the HNC are to:
♦ develop knowledge and understanding of animals
♦ develop an understanding of animal anatomy, health and nutrition
♦ develop knowledge and skills in animal care and husbandry
♦ prepare learners to work within the animal industry at a team leader/supervisor level
♦ develop an understanding of the context in which the animal care industry operates
♦ develop an understanding of the links between animal care sectors
♦ develop an appreciation of the importance of health and safetyThe specific aims of the HND are, in addition to the HNC specific aims, to:
♦ prepare learners to work at a management level in the animal care industry
♦ develop an understanding of animal breeding and genetics
♦ develop an understanding of the links between animals and society
♦ develop an understanding of animal behaviour
♦ develop an understanding of parasitology
♦ develop an understanding of ethical issues within animal care
♦ develop a range of specialist animal care knowledge and skills
Exceptions to the generic guidance on adjustments
There are elements of the course aims that may not be achieved through adjustments made
in line with the generic guidance (such as where adjustments are not acceptable for reasons
of risk to self, others or critical competence).
Placement or work experience plays a large part in the delivery of this course, and this can
be disrupted by COVID-19 restrictions. There are practical activities in the units with an
emphasis on the health, wellbeing and handling of animals and equipment. Health and
safety requirements are also highlighted. It is possible to teach and assess these using a
combination of written and oral questioning with limited practical activities.
The practical elements of this course would be achieved, in normal circumstances, through
site visits to farms, estates, veterinary practices, equestrian businesses; volunteering or
placement opportunities; and other realistic work environments. It may be possible to use
virtual site visits, using video or live streaming from a farm or other site where animals are
kept and cared for. We encourage the use of digital ‘visiting speakers’.
The following section contains details of how the units can be assessed to mitigate the
impact of COVID-19 restrictions. This is based on the feedback we have received and the
agreed adaptations and amendments to the units.
Risk level
Low Medium High
Risk to self X
Risk to others X
Critical competence XAppropriate action if existing conditions of assessment cannot be
met
Restrictions on access to placements or workplaces and other sector-related sites, coupled
with school closures, have had a significantly adverse effect on delivery and assessment.
The impact of COVID-19 restrictions and public health advice have made it difficult for
learners to gain practical experience. However, we hope that the return to school and
college will make it possible for practical activities to be undertaken.
Centres are reminded that prior verification of centre-devised assessments would help to
ensure that the national standard is being met. Where learners experience a range of
assessment methods, this helps them to develop different skills that should be transferable
to work or further and higher education. Learners can use a variety of methods to present
their findings. Where possible, you should give learners the choice as to their preferred
method.
Assessment Support Packs (ASP) are available to provide guidance.
Although delivery and assessment were severely affected by COVID-19 restrictions and
extended school and college closures, some centres have been able to complete
knowledge-based outcomes and partially deliver practical components. Consequently,
learners may have been able to generate some evidence of practical activity, and this could
be used to infer knowledge and skills across other outcomes and units.
Where it is not possible, for session 2021–22, for learners to generate evidence from
hands-on practical experience through placement or visits, a range of approaches can be
explored, including:
♦ remote, virtual visits with practitioners demonstrating the activities
♦ expert speakers
♦ videos
♦ internet research
♦ simulated activities to offer the opportunity to experience a range of practical activities
remotely
This will give learners the opportunity to witness demonstrations of, for example, plant
propagation, use of equipment, and health and safety procedures.
Assessments could then focus on projects, case studies and questioning. In addition,
existing checklists can be used to facilitate assessment.Additional guidance
Adaptations to the following units will be available throughout session 2021–22:
Unit code Title
J57R 35/
Small Animal Health and Disease (outcome 1) (*lapsed 31/07/2021)
DJ09 35*
HC48 35 Animal Care: Drugs and Medicine (outcome 3)
HC46 34 Specialist Animal Care: Avian (outcome 2)
J1BL 35 Animal Care: Small Animal Parasitology (outcome 5)
J1BJ 35 Animal Care: Microbiology (outcome 3)
F3V3 34 Companion Animal Handling and First Aid (outcome 4)
DJ07 34 Small Animal Nutrition
F3VE 34 Specialist Animal Care: Reptiles and Amphibians (outcome 1)
H929 34 DNA & Genetics (all outcomes)Unit details and assessment guidance:
M = mandatory O = optional
Centres are reminded that all relevant operational procedures undertaken in this qualification must adhere to current legislation, regulations,
codes of practice and manufacturers’ recommendations where appropriate and to the duty of care concerning pet and farmed animals.
Unit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
J2H1 34 Specialist Explain and Outcome 1: The practical component of outcome 1
Animal apply the to “Demonstrate proficient handling
Care: Small husbandry ♦ Correctly identify a selection of small mammal techniques for a minimum of four small
Mammals requirements species commonly or increasingly kept as pets mammal species” could be covered by
— SCQF of small (success criteria 80% correctly identified) Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
level 7 mammal ♦ Correctly explain the husbandry and accommodation from unit Companion Animal Handling
species requirements for a minimum of three small mammal and First Aid (F3V3 34).
species, including appropriate enrichment
Explain the ♦ Demonstrate proficient handling techniques for a Further guidance on RPL is available
feeding minimum of four small mammal species at
requirements https://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/67029.html
of small Outcome 2:
mammal Where this is not possible, a
species ♦ Explain feedstuffs and food presentations for a combination of simulation and oral
minimum of four small mammal species with questioning could be used to establish
Describe reference to natural feeding behaviours in the wild the learners understanding of correct
common ♦ Explain dentition types for a minimum of two small and safe handling techniques.
ailments of mammal species and impact on feeding in captivity
small animal ♦ Explain the process of caecotrophy in a given,
species appropriate speciesUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
Outcome 3:
♦ Describe signs and treatments for a minimum of
seven common diseases in at least four small
mammal species
♦ Explain preventative measures taken to prevent a
minimum of four common ailments for a range of
small mammal species
F3V3 34 Companion Explain and Outcome 1: Where it is not possible to safely carry
Animal demonstrate out the practical aspects of outcome 1
Handling the handling, ♦ Explain two risks to the handler and two risks to the and outcome 4, video evidence based
and First restraint and animal associated with handling and restraint and the on a simulation (using model or stuffed
Aid — sexing of a use of appropriate restraining aids (where applicable) toys), supplemented by oral or written
SCQF level range of to minimise the risks that have been identified, for at questions, could be used to establish
7 companion least two companion animals from the range of dog, the learner’s competence.
animals cat, ferret, rabbit, and rodentia species
♦ Explain and demonstrate the correct handling There may be opportunities for
Explain the techniques for one companion animal from the range Recognition of Prior Learning for
emergency of dog, cat, ferret, rabbit and three species from the learners who have completed Animal
first aid needs order rodentia Care: Health Care (F6SK 11) and/or
and conditions ♦ Demonstrate the correct restraint techniques for at Animal Care: Accommodation and
of a range of least two veterinary procedures from examination, Handling (F6SM 11).
companion cephalic vein intravenous injection, jugular vein blood
animals sampling and lateral recumbency in one of the Further guidance on RPL is available
companion animals from the range of: dog, cat and at
ferret; and intraperitoneal injection in one of the https://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/67029.html
companion animals from the range of: rabbit and
rodentiaUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
Explain ♦ Demonstrate the correct restraint techniques for There may be opportunities to
emergency sexing, identify sex and explain how sex is integrate the delivery and assessment
first aid determined in one of the companion animals from of this unit with Specialist Animal Care:
conditions and the range of dog, cat, ferret and rabbit, and three Small Mammals (J2H1 34) and/or
the species from the order rodentia Small Animal Husbandry (J1BH 34)
appropriate
action Outcome 2:
required for a
range of ♦ Explain the principles of first aid. The explanation
companion must include the basic aims, rules and current
animals legislation regarding the limitations of first aid
provision
Demonstrate ♦ Explain the process of triage in the management of
the correct first aid conditions. The explanation must include life
application threatening, non-life threatening (but urgent) and
and explain minor conditions, and should identify at least three
the conditions which fall into each triage category, seen
management in companion animals
of bandages ♦ Explain the essential observations and assessment
in a first aid of vital signs of a first aid situation. The explanation
context must include airway, breathing, circulation, level of
consciousness, haemorrhage and loss of function
Outcome 3:
♦ Explain the clinical signs associated with at least five
first aid conditions seen in companion animalsUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
♦ Explain the appropriate first aid action that should be
taken for at least five emergency first aid conditions
seen in companion animals
Outcome 4:
♦ Select the correct dressing and bandaging materials
♦ Apply a paw and ear bandage in a first aid context
♦ Explain the management of aftercare for a bandaged
companion animal
J1BH 34 Small Perform a Outcome 1: Where the practical aspects of
Animal range of small outcome 1 cannot be safely carried
Husbandry animal ♦ Handle, restrain and control a minimum of four small out, video evidence based on a
— SCQF husbandry animals in accordance with safe work practices simulation supplemented by written or
level 7 skills and ♦ Carry out health checks on a range of small animals oral questioning could be used to
facility ♦ Carry out the correct application of four routine establish the learner’s competence.
management health treatments
skills ♦ Carry out routine maintenance and cleanliness tasks There may be opportunities for
in accordance with facility practice Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
Implement an ♦ Carry out tasks involved in maintaining optimum for learners who have completed
enrichment animal husbandry in accordance with facility practice Animal Care: Accommodation and
programme Handling (F6SM 11).
Outcome 2:
Maintain and Further guidance on RPL is available
organise small ♦ Monitor and record animal behaviour prior to at
animal enrichment https://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/67029.html
records ♦ Implement an enrichment program for one species of
small animalUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
♦ Monitor and record animal behaviour following the There may be opportunities to
enrichment programme integrate the delivery and assessment
of this unit with Companion Animal
Outcome 3: Handling and First Aid
(F3V3 34).
♦ Complete animal records as required by the facility
♦ Complete small animal facility records as required by
the facility
J57R 35 Small Assess the Outcome 1 Where the practical aspects of
Animal health status outcome 1 cannot be safely carried
Health and of small ♦ Assess and record the health status of one dog and out, video evidence based on a
Disease — companion one other small companion mammal, paying due simulation supplemented by written or
SCQF level mammals. regard to health and safety oral questioning could be used to
8 ♦ Each examination should include the following establish the learner’s competence.
Explain how minimum information to demonstrate the learner’s
the animal competence: There may be opportunities for
body Recognition of Prior Learning for
responds to — Assessment of patient’s temperature learners who have completed Animal
disease and — Record of patient’s pulse (for dog only) Care: Health Care (F6SK 11).
injury. — Record of patient’s respiration
— Record of patient’s heart rate Further guidance on RPL is available
Analyse the — Record of patient’s mucous membranes at
spread and — Record of any discharges https://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/67029.html
control of — Record of patient’s posture/appearance
disease. — Overall assessment of patient’s health statusUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
Explain Outcome 2:
infectious
diseases of ♦ Explain the role of two non-specific defence
small mechanisms in the body’s response to disease and
companion injury
mammals. ♦ Explain the role of active and passive immunity in the
protection of one young mammal
Explain ♦ Explain the role of humoral and cellular immunity in
non-infectious the body’s response to disease and injury
diseases of ♦ Explain first intention and second intention healing
small
companion Outcome 3:
mammals.
♦ Explain two ways in which disease can be
transmitted between patients
♦ Explain two methods of diseases control
♦ Analyse the routes of transmission, control and
treatment of two zoonotic diseases
Outcome 4:
♦ Explain the signs, prevention, treatment and control
of two named infectious conditions in each of the
dog, the cat and one selected small mammalUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
Outcome 5:
♦ Explain, in relation to small companion animals, the
signs and treatment of:
— two metabolic conditions
— two neoplastic conditions
J1BL 35 Animal Explain the Outcome 1: Where the practical aspects of
Care: Small common outcome 5 cannot be safely carried
Animal terminology ♦ Explain the terminology surrounding different types out, detailed descriptions of the range
Parasitology used in of parasitic host of diagnostic procedures required,
— SCQF parasitology. ♦ Explain the terminology surrounding different including step-by-step details of the
level 8 types/forms of parasite process and identification or all
Identify and ♦ Explain the different types of parasite lifecycle and relevant health and safety
describe the relevant terminology used in describing parasite requirements could be used to
lifecycles, lifecycles establish the learner’s competence.
effects and ♦ Describe the roles of some parasites as vectors of
methods of other diseases
control for a
range of Outcome 2:
common
ectoparasites. ♦ Identify at least five external parasites by their
features (to include descriptions of distinguishing
Identify and features)
describe the ♦ Describe the lifecycles of at least three common
lifecycles, external parasites using appropriate terminology
effects and ♦ Describe common clinical signs exhibited by animals
methods of for the same three specified external parasitesUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
control for a ♦ Describe methods of diagnosis for at least two
range of specified external parasites
common ♦ Describe appropriate treatment and control methods,
helminth including the rationale behind the methods, for at
parasites. least two specified external parasites
♦ Describe how innate and/or acquired resistance
plays a role in protecting the host for at least one
Identify and
specified external parasite
describe the ♦ Describe zoonotic implications for at least two
lifecycles, external parasites
effects and
methods of Outcome 3:
control for a
range of ♦ Identify at least five helminth parasites by their
common features (to include descriptions of distinguishing
protozoan features)
parasites. ♦ Describe the lifecycles of at least three common
helminth parasites using appropriate terminology
Describe, ♦ Describe common clinical signs exhibited by animals
select and for the same three specified helminth parasites
perform ♦ Describe methods of diagnosis for at least two
methods of specified helminth parasites
detection for a ♦ Describe appropriate treatment and control methods,
selection of including the rationale behind the methods, for at
least two specified helminth parasites
parasitic
♦ Describe how innate and/or acquired resistance
infections.
plays a role in protecting the host for at least one
specified helminth parasite
♦ Describe zoonotic implications for at least two
helminth parasitesUnit Title Outcome Evidence requirements Guidance
code
Outcome 4:
♦ Describe the lifecycles of at least three common
and/or emerging protozoan parasites using
appropriate terminology
♦ Describe common clinical signs exhibited by animals
for the same three specified protozoan parasites
♦ Describe methods of diagnosis for at least two
protozoan parasites
♦ Describe appropriate treatment and control methods,
including the rationale behind the methods, for at
least two specified protozoan parasites
♦ Describe how innate and/or acquired resistance
plays a role in protecting the host for at least one
specified protozoan parasite
♦ Describe zoonotic implications for at least one
protozoan parasite
Outcome 5:
♦ Identify appropriate testing methodologies for at least
three parasites of small animals
♦ Performance evidence for two diagnostic procedures
using appropriate equipment with observation of
relevant health and safety procedures
♦ Report findings from diagnostic testsThe above guidance is subject to review and relates to assessment for session 2021–22. If you have any questions, please contact operationshnvq@sqa.org.uk.
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