The Energy 'blind-spot' The Cooling Sector in India - Karan Mangotra Thursday, 21 February 2019 - OzonAction ...
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The Energy ‘blind-spot’
The Cooling Sector in India
Karan Mangotra
Thursday, 21 February 2019 Paris
Electricity Consumption in India: Cooling Perspective
Demand Growth, yoy, Total Demand and Different Sectors & End-Uses,
2017-2030
30% 26%
25%
% growth yoy
20%
15%
10%
10% 6% 7%
5%
0%
Total demand Commercial and Air conditioning Electric vehicles
residential sectors
70-80 GW connected load is only due to Space Cooling and consumed
about 126 TWh in 2017
Climate Change
Electricity Consumption in India: Cooling Perspective
Electricity consumption in residential Consumption pattern in a commercial
buildings Building
18% 10%
Lighting
28%
Fan Lighting
7%
Refrigerati on 31% HVAC
Air-conditioning 59% Others
13%
Others
34%
Ø Penetration of ACs in Residential sector is low
Climate Change
Room Air Conditioning: Overview
Challenge
260 160
240 K Current
F Market
Millions
140
220 (2017): 6.4mn units
GW
200 120
180
160 100 e a
140
120
100
80
60
Survying Stock
y Fixed
c speed split ACs
Annual Sale
80 dominance (88%)
60
40
40
20
Peak load t
20
0 0
1.5s and 1 TR ACs
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
2021-22
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
2025-26
2026-27
2027-28
2028-29
2029-30
2030-31
2031-32
2032-33
2033-34
2034-35
2035-36
2036-37
2037-38
2038-39
Opportunity predominantly used
8% Room AC CAGR of 12% from
Chiller System 2014-2019
42%
30% VRF System
8% Packaged DX
3% 9% Fan
Climate Change
India Cooling Action Plan Climate Change
Need for a Cooling Action Plan
• Convergence between domestic policies to enhance EE while lowering GWP
of refrigerants
• Prioritise “access to cooling” as a development goal
• Framework involving the entire spectrum of energy consumption
segments during HFC transition
• Innovative implementation or business model to deliver efficient,
affordable and low-GWP cooling together
• International collaboration for testing and standards among other things
• Need for a long term strategy for cooling sector with clearly defined indicators
Climate Change
India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) MoEFCC constituted committee under the chairmanship of Secretary (MoEFCC) to prepare India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP). The draft was released on International Ozone Day, 2018. The Plan integrates a long term vision (20 years) on cooling needs for the country, also dovetailing energy efficiency with refrigerant transition and horizon technologies in different sectors. Subsequently, MoEFCC constituted 7 thematic working groups for the development of relevant sectoral documentation – space cooling, RAC, R&D, production, servicing, transport sector and cross cutting policy regulations. Climate Change Slide No. ( 7 of 7)
ICAP: Institutional Framework
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) Steering
Committee
Ozone Cell (Nodal Agency)
Advisory Committee
Space Cooling &
Transport Servicing
Thematic Cold chain
tracks R&D and Cross cutting
RAC technologies
Production Regulations
Climate Change Slide No. ( 8 of 7)
Constitution of Steering and Advisory Committees
1. Secretary, MoEFCC (Chair)
2. Ozone cell (NOU)
3. BEE (Govt.)
4. EESL (ESCO)
5. TERI (Think Tank)
Steering Committee 6. Industry Association: RAMA
7. CSE (Think Tank)
8. CEEW (Think Tank)
9. NCCD (Govt.)
1. Joint Secretary, MoEFCC (Chair)
2. Ozone cell
3. TERI
Advisory Committee 4. ESSCI
5. Industry Association: RAMA, REGMA
SIAM, ACMA, RASSS , ISHRAE
5. CEEW
6. IICT (Lab)
7. AEEE
Climate Change Slide No. ( 9 of 7)
India Cooling Action Plan: Role of Thematic Leads
• Thematic leads were entrusted with the task of leading the analysis and writing the chapters for
different thematic tracks
• Sector-wise refrigerant demand & energy demand in cooling in BAU and ambitious scenarios have
been analysed. Also, analysed the key barriers and opportunities to implement the ICAP.
• Provide recommendations on a 3 pronged basis, namely: Regulatory Frameworks, Incentives &
Business Models, Institutional creation & strengthening.
• Finally, an action plan for short (2017-22 years), medium (till 2027) and long term (till 2037-38)
interventions will be prepared, highlighting potential risks and mitigation strategies for intervention
plans.
Climate Change Slide No. ( 10 of 7)Cooling Demand in India: ICAP findings
1500
Cold Chain
Million TR
1000
500 Transport Air-
Conditioning
0
2017-18 2022-23 2027-28 2037-38 Refrigeration
Sector-wise growth in Cooling Demand
Cooling Cooling demand growth – 8 times
Sector Highest gainer – Space Cooling (11 times)
Growth Refrigerant demand – 5 to 8 times
Climate Change Slide No. ( 11 of 7)Way Forward
• Draft ICAP has been released and comments have been sought from
various stakeholders & public at large
• Synergize the inter-ministerial level policy actions in the cooling sector
• Preparation of the sub-sectoral level implementation plan
• Initiate actions to integrate the existing policy framework & institutional
structure to maximize the climate benefit
Climate Change Slide No. ( 12 of 7)Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
Empowered Steering Committee
ICAP: Proposed Implementation
Chaired by: Secretary, MoEF&CC Members: Secretaries of related Ministries (Finance, Chemicals & Petro
Chemicals, Industrial Development, Commerce, Petroleum and Natural Gas, Science and Technology, DG-
CSIR, etc), Nominated experts
Steering Committee for Implementation of ICAP
Chairperson: Additional Secretary, MoEF&CC Members: Representatives of related Ministries (Power,
Road Transport & Highways, Agriculture, Industrial Policy & Promotion), Representatives of State
Framework
Governments, Representatives of Industry Associations (RAMA, REGMA & RASSS), R&D and Civil Society
Institutions
Implementation Coordination Joint
BEE Secretary, MoEF&CC (Ozone) NCCD
MSDE NSDC Industry/
Industry
ESSCI
Ozone Cell Associations
CSIR, R & D State
Institutions Departments
State Agriculture Energy Agency
Department Urban Local Bodies
Climate Change Slide No. ( 13 of 7)Standards and Labelling Program in
India
Climate Change Slide No. ( 14 of 7)Standards and Labeling Program for Air Conditioners
• Star rating is mandatory for room air conditioners since 2010
• BEE is the nodal agency for the program
• Mandatory ratings for fixed speed RACs till 2017 and mandatory star rating for
Inverter ACs w.e.f. 2018
• BEE introduce the Indian Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (ISEER) to rate RAC
efficiency
• Testing of equipment is done as per IS 1391 (Part 1 &2)
• ISEER is calculated based on ISO 16358
Climate Change Slide No. ( 15 of 7)Star Labeling: Legislative Overview
Mandatory Appliance
Split AC
Standard: IS 1391:1992
Section 14(b): S.O.180(E)
dated 12.01.2009
Window AC
Section 14 (a): S.O. 181 (E)
dated 12.01.2009
Regulation: No.2Parameter
Star Labeling /11(5)/03-
BEEEnergy
dated 06.07.2009
Efficiency Ratio
Higher is Better
Climate Change Slide No. ( 16 of 7)Star Rating levels upgradation for split AC
2006-2011 2012-2013 2014-2015 2016-2017 2018-2019
Star 1 Star 1 Star 1 Star 1 Star 1
Star 2 Star 2 From January
Star 2 2018 Star 2 Star 2
Star 3 Star 3 Star 3 Star 3 Star 3
Star 4 • All
Star 4Room ACs ratedStar 4 based on StarISEER
4 Star 4
Star 5 Star 5 Methodology
Star 5 Star 5 Star 5
Star Level Min•EERMandatory
Max EER labeling forStarInverter
Level AC
Min ISEER Max ISEER
Star 1 • Merger
2.70 of fixed
2.89 speed andStarinverter
1 AC 3.10
label 3.29
Star 2 2.90 2.99
2016-
2018-
Star 2 3.30 3.49
17
19
Star 3 3.10 3.29 Star 3 3.50 3.99
Star 4 3.30 3.49 Star 4 4.00 4.49
Star 5 3.50 - Star 5 4.50 -
Climate Change 17 Slide No. ( 17 of 7)Standards and Labelling Program: Impact
Standards Upgradation Trajectory
5
4
EER/ISEER
3
2
1
0
2011 2012 2014 2018
Star 1 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.1
Star 5 3.1 3.3 3.5 4.5
Climate Change Slide No. ( 18 of 7)Change in Labels: EER to ISEER
Jan 2018
Climate Change Slide No. ( 19 of 7)Increase in Penetration of Inverter ACs in India (2014-present)
7000000
6000000 5,741,229 5,379,099
5000000 4,676,022
4000000 22,61,672
3000000
1,475,506
2000000 13,23,660
1000000 7,02,652
25,006
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 (till
present)
Fixed Speed Room ACs Variable Speed Inverter AC
Climate Change Slide No. ( 20 of 7)Innovative Business Models Climate Change Slide No. ( 21 of 7)
Using Scale to our advantage
Demand Aggregation and Bulk Procurement
Procurement of large quantities of equipment to obtain
lower price per unit and achieve economies of scale
Using Scale to Our Advantage
Improved penetration of energy-efficient products in the
market
Enhancement in Capacity of Industry and other
stakeholders such as Service persons and Technicians
Reduced energy consumption across multiple sectors
Climate Change Slide No. ( 22 of 7)Financial Price Hump for Energy Efficient Equipment Climate Change Slide No. ( 23 of 7)
LED bulbs: A Bulk Procurement Success Story
• Unnat Jyoti Affordable LEDs for ALL (UJALA) scheme
• Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) has procured 33,01,03,499 LED bulbs till date
• GoI launched the UJALA Dashboard - http://www.ujala.gov.in/
• Obtained reduction in prices of LED bulbs from € 3.85 to € 0.47 in 6 successive tenders
LED bulb - price (INR)
400
310 255
200 204
110 81 72 64 55
0 38 LED bulb - price (INR)
4
5
6
14
15
16
4
5
6
4
5
6
4
5
14
15
16
l -1
l -1
l -1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
v-1
v-1
p-
p-
p-
n-
n-
n-
ay
ay
ay
ar
ar
ar
Ju
Ju
Ju
Se
Se
Se
No
No
Ja
Ja
Ja
M
M
M
M
M
M
Climate Change Slide No. ( 24 of 7)Bulk procurement of Air Conditioners: Accelerating towards super-efficiency
>ISEER
• EESL procured 100, 000 super-efficient Acs for 5.2
Commercial &Residential sectors
• First of its kind bulk procurement initiative
Super-
• Lowest Price bid obtained through tender: €435
1.5 TR Efficient
• Bid winners from Industry AC
– R410A– 60, 000 units
– R290– 40, 000 units
• Promotion of low-GWP refrigerants – RC 290 Inverter
room AC
(Propane)
Climate ChangeLessons Learned
• Important to determine procurement
Critical Mass size based on in-depth market research
Importance of
• Inputs from stakeholders is crucial for
stakeholder the initiative
consultation
Consideration for
• Each appliance is different, therefore
Equipment size strategies should be different
and features
Importance of low
• Low cost of equipment is critical in
costs for developing nations
Developing nations
Climate ChangeThank You
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